01 introduction (traffic engineering هندسة المرور & prof. saad algadhi)

CE 436: Traffic Engineering

Topic 1: Introduction

Prof. Saad AlGadhi

CE 436 –Traffic Engineering

King Saud University

email: [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

CE 436_KSU_Prof.AlGadhi 2

Preliminaries

Prof. Saad AlGadhi

Office: 2A 67

Email: [email protected]

Office Hours: M, W, 1-3 PM

mailto:[email protected]


Prerequisite/Grading/TextbookPrerequisite: CE 430_Transportation Systems

Grading:

Attendance/Quizzes 10 %

Homework 15%

Project 15 %

Mid-term Exam 20 %

Final Exam 40 %

Textbook: Roess, R.P., Prassas, E.S., and McShane, W. R., “Traffic Engineering”, Fourth Edition, Prentice-Hall, 2011.


Course Description and Objectives

Introduction to fundamentals of traffic engineering, including data collection, analysis, and design. Traffic engineering studies, traffic control devices, capacity and level of service analysis of freeways and urban streets. Design of isolated intersection and coordinated traffic signal control systems.

The objective of this course is to introduce students to traffic engineering fundamentals for highways and freeways. Emphasis is on the safe and efficient operations of roadway intersections.


Course Outcomes

By the end of this course, students should be able to: Obtain an understanding of the fundamentals of traffic

engineering

Learn quantitative techniques for solving basic traffic engineering problems

Apply the principles of traffic engineering to evaluate, analyze, and design timing plans for signalized intersections

Demonstrate the capability to write a technical report and communicate the results of their solution approach to other engineering professionals


Transportation Engineering

Definition from the Institute of Transportation

Engineering (ITE):

“Transportation engineering is the application of

technology and scientific principles to the planning,

functional design, operation, and management of

facilities for any mode of transportation in order to

provide for the safe, rapid, comfortable, convenient,

economical, and environmentally compatible

movement of people and goods.”


What is Traffic Engineering?

Definition from the Institute of Traffic

Engineering (ITE):

“The phase of transportation engineering

that deals with the planning, geometric

design and traffic operations of roads,

streets, and highways, their networks,

terminals, abutting lands and relationship

with other modes of transportation”


Traffic Engineering Objectives

Primary Objective Safety

Other Objectives Speed

Comfort

Convenience

Economy

Environmental Compatability


Transportation System Functions

1. Safety vs. Efficiency

2. Mobility vs. Accessibility


Elements of Traffic Engineering

1. Traffic Studies and Characteristics

2. Performance Evaluation

3. Facility Design

4. Traffic Control

5. Traffic Operations

6. Transportation System Management

7. Intelligent Transportation Systems


Traffic Engineering History


Challenges

A. Rehabilitation and Reconstruction

B. Serving Growing Urban Traffic Demand

C. Development Impacts

D. Growth Management

E. Regional Economic Development


Traffic Engineering


Facilities


Collection Reduction Analysis

1.Studies and Data Collection

“JAMAR” Type Field Analyzers.

2. Geometric Design

AutoCAD, Integraph

3. Capacity

HCS, Simulation Models such as Paramics, Vissim, Aimsun2, SimTraffic, etc.

4. Control, Operation and Management

T7F, PASSER, SYNCHRO, etc.

TOOLBOX


Concept of Vehicles versus Persons Movement

1 lane of freeway carries 2200 pcph

1 lane of a street arterial carries 800 pcph

Auto occupancy of 1.1 pass/vehicle

3 lane freeway may carry up to 7260 pass/hour

1 bus lane handles 100 buses/hour

3 bus lanes may carry up to 3(50)(100)= 15,000 pass/hour

Light rail transit capacity = 20,000 pass/hour

Heavy rail transit headway @ 2 minutes

HRT capacity can be 30(2,000) = 60,000 pass/hour


Travel Demand (1)

Trip Generation:

How many trips will be generated by a particular site and when will they occur?

• Facilities rates (ITE Trip Generation Handbook by Sq. ft. and # of employees)

• Household (Proxy variables, e.g. income, HH size, # of vehicles)

Regression Analysis


Travel Demand (2)


Travel Demand (3)


Travel Demand (4)


Performance Measure

Purpose:

1. Assess Existing Conditions

2. Evaluate Alternative Improvements

3. Quantify Associate Costs and Benefits

Level of Service (LOS): A - F

Determination of Highway Capacity


Measure of Effectiveness (MOEs)


Temporal Distribution of Trips


Traffic Engineering Options


Transportation System Management

(TSM)


Transportation Demand Management

(TDM)


Emerging Issues and Trends

Intelligent Transportation System(ITS)

“ITS collect, store, process and distribute information relating to the movement of people and goods. Examples include systems for traffic management, public transportation management, emergency management, traveler information, advanced vehicle control and safety, commercial vehicle operations, electronic payment and railroad grade crossing safety.”

---US DOT’s ITS Joint Program Office


What is ITS?

ITS involves the

application of advanced

technology to enhance

safety, provide services to

travelers, and assist

transportation system

operators in implementing

suitable traffic

management strategies.


What is ITS?


ITS Solutions Include:

Transportation Management

Traffic Operations Centers

Communications

Incident Management

Public Transportation

Traveler Information

Enhanced Safety (e.g. Saher)


Reading Materials

Textbook Chapter 1, pp. 11-25