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197

. 75.052.033.2(497.7)13

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(1348 - 1352), , - 1. , -, - . - , - , ,

- . , - , - . , , .

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-. , - . -, , , . - - , , , . , - - (. 1, .1., 2)2. , - . , (, lorica squamata) (paludamentum), 3. - , ,

4, .

1 . , .2. - , VII - VIII, 1930, 89 - 113; . , -, 2002, ( ).

2 . , op. cit., 113, . 10, . II, 12; . -, op. cit., 224.3 lorica squamata paludamentum, - ,cf. , - ,. . . , . , 1995, 623-625; M. G. Parani,Reconstructing the reality of images. Byzantine material

culture and religious iconography (11th - 15th centuries),Leiden 2003, 101 - 154.4 , cf. . , 14 , 1, ,


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198

. , (BHG1339, 1340), , 5. , - , . - . -

, . - , , - ,

-6. II ( ) , , 7. XIV - - - XIII 8, (1315- 1317)9, ( 1320/21)10,. ( 1324)11, ( 1345)12 (1349)13. -

, - , , , . - , -

. (.2, . 1., 4), -

1995, 227 - 230; . , , 1996, 90 - 91.5 Ch. Walter, The warrior saints in byzantine art and

tradition, Aldeshot 2003, 231 - 233; . , St.Niketas the Goth and St. Niketas of Nikomedeia: Aproposdepictions of St. Niketas the martyr on medieval crosses, 36, 2008, 19 - 42.

6. , op. cit., 41.7 Ch. Walter, op. cit., 231.8 . - . - , , 1958, 73, . 28.9 . , , 1993, 77; - 1317, cf., . - ., - , XXXIV, 1995, 136.10 . ,. , - - 1988, 98.11 . - , - , 1967, 56; . - 1324, cf. . , . , , XVII/2, 2004, 106 - 107; Idem, - - . , IV, 2006,293 - 294; . , . , -. 1 -2, 2007, 89 - 90.12 . , , 568,. 11.13 . , , -, 1998, 199, . 102, 105.

. 1. . , , .


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199

, (-) 14. - , . - - , -, 15. , ,

16

. -

(BHL, 1764 - 66; BHG 308w - 311k), -, , - . - , . , 305 . -

, 22 452 17. . - , . XIV , - (1315 - 1317)18;

. 2. . , , .

14 . . , - , 1950, 185; . -, op. cit., 225.15 Ch. Walter, op. cit., 214 - 217.16 . . , , 11, 1980, 63 -66; . , , 1993, 169 - 173; . , , 1998, 204 - 205; eadem, St. Christopherin Byzantine Art, Proceedings of the 21st International

Congress of Byzantine Studies, vol. III, London 2006, 279- 280; eadem, , 2008, 139 - 151( ); . , . . , . 3

-4, 5 - 6, 2008 - 2009, 117 - 125.17 H. Grgoire,Inscriptions historiques byzantines, VI. St.Christophe et la cubiculaire Euphemie, Byzantion 4, 1927- 28, 461 - 465.18 . , op.cit., 124, . 211.


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200

. (1343 - 1345)19, - (1349)20

. (.1366)21, - . (1335 - 1336)22, - . ( 1340)23, - . (1365 - 1371)24,

. (1368/1369)25 . (1378)26. - - - (. 3, .1., 8). - , - , . - , . ,

, - . - , - . 27. . - -

, - -, . - 28. -

29, , 30. ,

. , - . - . , , . , -

19 . . , , 1994, 149.20 . , , 204 - 205.21 Eadem, , 139, . XIV, . 46, 5922 . , XIV, 1980, 38.23 . . , op. cit., 139.24 Ibidem, 174.

25 Ibidem, 179.26 . , op. cit., 153.27 . , , 194.28 . , op. cit., 616 - 617; Ch. Walter, op. cit.,195 - 200.29 . , op. cit., 622, . 10, 51.30 -, cf. M. Didron - P. Durand, Manuel diconographiechrtienne, grecque et latine, Paris 1845, 322.

. 3. . , , .


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31. , - [st}yj] Arth[mje].. - IV 32. . - , . -, . 33 491 . -, ( -

)34, . - 35, - - - XIII , , . ,. , . , . , . . 36. . (1164), , - 37. , , -

. 4. . . , , .

31 Ibidem, 322.32 V. Crisafulli - J. Nesbit, The Miracles of Artemius. Acollection of Miracle Stories by an Anonymous Author ofSeventh Century Byzantium, Leiden 1997, 76 - 229; Ch.

Walter, op. cit., 191 - 194.33 C. Mango, On the History of the Templon and theMartyrion of St. Artemius at Constantinople, Zograf 10,40 - 43.

34 V. Crisafulli - J. Nesbit, op. cit., 79,163.35 Ch. Walter, op. cit., 19236 E. Kitzinger, The mosaics of St. Mary of the Admiral inPalermo, Washington 1990, 158 - 159, ill. 3, 59 - 65.37 I. Sinkevi, The church of St. Panteleimon at Nerezi.

Architecture, Programme, Patronage, Wiesbaden 2000,60, pl. 19, g. LIV; 59 ( ); . -, . - , , 2004,88, . 49, 51.


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202

XIII 38, , . (1271)39. XIV , - , - . . , - . (.4, . 1., 10). , - , - , - , . , 40.

,

-, (. 4, .1., 11). - , , . . - . . - 41. , -

- . - 42. - . ( = ), , -

. - IV , -

. - 843 . .43 .

( 985 .)44, (. IX - .

38 . . , , 1970, 97 - 98.39 . - . - , op. cit., . 27.40 . . , op. cit., 185; . , op. cit., 193.

41 Ibidem.42 M. Didron - P. Durand, op. cit., 321 - 322; . ,op. cit., 621; H. Maquire, The Icons of Their Bodies. Saintsand Their Images in Byzantium, Princeton 2000, 21 - 22.43 . , cf.H. Delehaye, op. cit., 15 - 17; . , . - - , - XIII , 1969, 42 - 52; N.Oikonomides, Le ddoublement de saint Thodore et lesvilles d` Euchaita et d` Euchaneia, Analecta Bollandiana104, Brussels 1986, 327 - 335; . , op. cit., 594

- 597; Ch. Walter, op. cit., 56 - 64.44 Il Menologio di Basilio II., Vol. I. Turin 1907, 383; I.evenko, The Illuminators of the Menologium of Basil II,DOP 16, Washington D.C. 1962, g. 12.

. 5. . (?), , .


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203

X )45. - . , - , , - , -46. . - V - VI , ( ) XI - XII , , - 47.

- . (. 13)48. XIV - -

(, , -), 49. - - -

- - (1164)50, -

51. - - , , - , - 52. , . -

45 H. Delehaye, op. cit., 35 - 36.46 Ibidem, 15.47 . , op. cit., 596 - 597.

48 . . , , , 1957, 135,. 7749 -

, cf. . , . -, . . , 1982, 293 - 434; ., , . . , 2000; . -, , , 1971, 171-183; . -, , 41, 2004, 213 - 234; . . , - , 2008, 31 - 33, 185 - 216; , cf. S. Filipova, Medieval Paintingsin Macedonian Churches and Applied Arts as the Echo ofthe Heraldic Society, Culture of Memory in East CentralEurope in the Late Middle Ages and the Early ModernPeriod, Poznan 2008, 277 - 287; . - -, Heraldic Representation form Bregalnica Region,Macedonian Herald 3, Skopje 2009, 17 - 18.50 . - , op. cit., 174; I. Sinkevi,op. cit., 59.51 . , op. cit., 214.52 Ibidem, 216; . , , 27 - 31.

. 6. . (?), , .


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205

, 59, - , , . . , - ( ), - 60. , ,

() . ., ( 431) - . , , - , 61. , -

, . , , - (430/31), (435- 437)62, (536/37 ?)63, (512 - 13)64, (517)65, (527 - 550)66, - (527 - 536)67 . - - , - 68, -

. (- VIII )69 . -

( VII )70. , - - -

(1295)71

, . (1296)72, (. 1300)73, . (1315- 1317)74, . (1318)75,

59 Cf. supra, . 57; M. Parani, op. cit., 96.60 E. Key Fowden, The barbarian Plain. St. Sergius

between Rome and Iran, Berkley - L.A. - London 1999,11- 20; Ch. Walter, op. cit., 146 - 162.61 E. Key Fowden, op. cit., 9, n. 3; Ch. Walter, op. cit., 155,160 - 162.

62 P. Maraval, Lieux saints et plerinages d ` Orient:histoire et gographie des origins la conquete arabe ,Paris 1985, 352.63 E. Key Fowden, op. cit., 105 - 107.64 P. Maraval, op. cit., 330.65 F. Halkin, Inscriptions relatives l` hagiographie, Etudes d` epigraphie et d` hagiographie, Byzantines I,London 1973, 99.66 P. Maraval, op. cit., 30467 Ibidem, 408.68 E. Key Fowden, op. cit., 29 - 44; Ch. Walter, op. cit.,152 - 153.69 A. Xyngopoulos, The Mosaics of the Church of SaintDemetrius in Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 1969, Pl. 19, E.Key Fowden, op. cit., 32, g. 4.70 E. Key Fowden, op. cit., 30 - 32, g. 2.71 . - , - , 50.72 . , -

, 2005, 89.73 . . , -, 8, 1991, . 5, 8.74 . , , . 75.

. 8. . , , .


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206

. (. II . XIV . )76, ( 1320/21)77, .

( 1324)78, . ( 1331.)79, . -

(, .1343)

80

, . (1365

- 1371)81, - (1376 - 1377)82 . - , , - . - , , . (. 14 ). - .

. - , 83, , - . 84.

, - -, . - 85,

- , . (

75 . , , 1987,99, . 60.76 . , . 14 , 1986, . 93, 94.77 . ,, 95.78 . - , op. cit., 56.79 . . , ,132.80 . ,, . 50; . 1343,cf., . , -. , XXXVIII, 1999-2000, 379 - 381; . Dimitrova,

The portal to Heaven. Reaching the Gates of Immortality, V, 2007, 373 - 374.81 . . , op. cit., 174.82 (. ) (. ) -.83 M. Tati - Djuri,Archanges gardiens de porte Deani , XIV , 1989, 359 - 366; . . , op. cit., 66;. , - , XLVI, 2009, 435 - 442.84 . . , op. cit., 66; -

, cf. E. -, , 193 - 194.85 . . , op. cit., 66 - 67 ( -).

. 9. . , , .


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208

, V , 40 - ,

- 94. ( ), . , , - 95. XIV

, - . - . - - . . -, . - . , -

. - , , . . , - .. - , - (. 8, . 1., 5). , , -. , ,

96. ,

. , , , - . .. , , 97. , - . - , . -

, . , . . , -

, , , , . . - , 98.

- , - 99. - . XI (

94 P. Peeters, `Un miracle de SS. Serge et Thodore et la Viede S. Basile dans Fauste de Byzance, Analecta Bollandiana39, Brussels 1921, 87 - 88.95 Ch. Walter, op. cit., 107 - 108.

96 . , op. cit., 198.97 , cf. H. Deleheye, 99 - 106; M. , op.cit., 568, . 8, passim; Ch. Walter, op. cit., 67 - 104;

http://www.ucc.ie/milmart/dembibliog.html98 . , op. cit., 581.99 P. Lemerle, Les plus anciens recueils des Miracles desaint Dmtrius: Vol. 1. Le texte (Paris, 1979), 234 - 239.

. 11. , , .


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- , .)100. - . XI , 1040 ., , 101. XIV,

- 102. - . (. 9, . 1., 6). , , - , - - , -, - , . , . ,

-

st}yj[Geo]rgje. , -. , -

.

- 103.. , -, , -, -

- III IV . () ,

104

. (VI ) 18 . 105. -

100 Ch. Walter, op. cit., 77.101 Ch.Bakirtzis,Pilgrimage to Thessalonike: The Tomb ofSt. Demetrios, Dumbarton Oaks Papers 56,Washington D.C. 2002, 176. - . , cf. idem, Ampoules byzantinesdes Thessalonique, L` art de Thessalonique et des pays balkaniques et les courants spirituels au XIVe sicle,Belgrade 1987, 205 - 209; idem, Byzantine Ampullae

from Thessaloniki, The Blessings of Pilgrimage, ed.R. Ousterhout, Urbana - Chicago 1990, 140 - 149; D. Papanikola - Bakirtzis(ed).,Everyday Life in Byzantium,Athens 2002, 184 - 185, n. 203 - 205.

102 . . , -, , .. - . , 2008, 91 - 101; ., , 605 - 607.103 . , op. cit., 198.104 . ,cf. H.

Dellehaye, op. cit., 45 - 77; . , op. cit., 578- 579; Ch. Walter, op. cit., 109 - 145; http://www.ucc.ie/milmart/grgbibliog.html105 . , op. cit., 578, . 27; Ch. Walter, 123.

. 12. ., , .


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VI 106, (

V - . VI )107

. . -, . . , - , , , - (. 10, . 1., 7). . , - 108.

, . - . -, . , . , . -, . . , . ,

. . , . 109, , 110. , . . , . , - .. 27 , . 111. , . , - - . , (,.2), - 112. -

. -, . , . - XI 113,

- XI - XII 114, -, .16115 . - . (1164)116, . (1295)117, . .

(1315 - 1317)118

, . (1318)119, ( 1345)120 . - , , . , - , . , . .

106 . , op. cit., 578, . 26.107 . ,

, 161 - 187, . 25 - 26. - , , .108 . , , 199.

109 , . , cf. . , - , 29, 2002 - 2003, 191 - 199.110 Eadem, , 171 - 173.111 Il Menologio di Basilio II, 141.112 . , op. cit., 592, . 196; Ch. Walter, op. cit.,227.113 Ibidem, pl. 1.114 Ibidem, pl. 47.115 A. Grabar, Quelques reliquaries de St Dmtrius et lemartyrium du saint Salonique, DOP 5, 1950, 6 - 7.116 I. Sinkevi, The church of St. Panteleimon at Nerezi,g. LIII.117 . - , , 50.118 . , , . 47.119 . , , 190 - 191.120 . , op. cit., 605.

. 13. . , , .


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. , Passioaltera . 121. ., , - , - . , . - - .

. (1058 - 1067), , . 122. - . : 123, - - ( 1331)124,

. () (1376/1377)125 - -126. . , . - . - . , -

. -, -

, , , pteryges

(. 11, .1.,9). , -

, -

. , - 127. , - , , - .

, . , - ., . , . , . - . . . -

121 P. Lemerle, Les plus anciens recueils des Miracles desaint Dmtrius: Vol. 1I. Commentaires, Paris 1981, 199- 201.122 A. Grabar, op. cit., 18 - 28.123 . . , , 1924, 52 - 53.124 . . , , 132.

125 . - , - - . . , VI - VII, 1975, 171 - 180.126

, , cf. . , op. cit., 611.127 . , op. cit., 194.

. 14. . , . , .


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128, . 129, . , . . . . ,

. . . , , .. , , - 130. ,

- 304 . IV , 131, VI - 132. -

( . II,133

; Mosq.Graec. 175, f. 68v; Vatican graec. 1679, f. 80v.134).

128 -

- . , cf.Ch. Walter, op. cit., 221.129 Cf. infra.130 H. Delehaye, Les origines du culte des martyrs,

Bruxelles 1912, 194 - 195; Ch. Walter, op. cit., 254; ., , , , , - 6, 2007, 43 - 44; . , , 171 - 173.131 L. Budde,Antike Mosaiken in Kilikien. I, FrhchristlicheMosaiken in Misis - Mopsuhestia, Recklinhausen 1969,31, 34 passim.132 R. Janin, La gographie ecclsiastique de l` empire

byzantin, Les glises et les monastres, Paris 1953, 422- 423.133Il Menologio di Basilio II, 109.134 N. Patterson - evenko,Illustrated manuscripts of the

. 15. . . , . , .


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( - XI)135, . - (1270 - 1271)136, ( 1320/21)137, (1321)138, ( 1331)139, - (1349)140, (1365 - 1371)141, (1368 -1369)142 . .

- - . -

, , , 143, . - (.1366)144. , . , - - . , - .. . , 145. , - : . , ( , -

)146. -

- . , , - 147. ., . , . , , , 148. , - 149

,

. , , - . . (.15 ).

, - 150.

Metaphrastic Menologion, Chicago/ London 1990, 54.135 E. Diez and O. Demus, Byzantine Mosaics in Greece:Daphni andHosios Loukas, Cambridge, Mass., 1931, g.80.136 . - . - , , 85, 87,. 99(. ).137 . ,, 102.138 Idem, , 1998, 354.139 . . , op. cit., 132, . 5, 161.140 . , , 201.141 . . , op. cit., 174.142 Ibidem, 179.

143 . , , 77.144 . , , 171 - 173, . 49, .46, . XVIII.145 . , op. cit., 609, . 322.146 . , op. cit., 607 - 610; Ch. Walter, op.cit., 245, S. Bogevska, Saint Alexandre dans la traditionhagiographique et iconographique byzantine, , , 2007, 109 - 130 ( ).147 . , op. cit., 608 - 609.148 . -, cf. S. Bogevska, op. cit., 109 - 125.149 Ibidem, . 1, 9, 11, 12, 15.150 . , . II -, 24, 1995, 36; . ,op. cit., 246.

. 1. , (. . ).


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- - , - (. 1., 13, 14, 15). , , (. 12, .1., 12).

, , . , , , - . 151 , , . 152 -

- . - , - . . , - 153. , , - - - , . . .

. ., . . -, , 154. , ( , -

) . - - ( . XIII )155, - (. XIV)156, . - (1331

- 1371)157 . (1331/2, , - )158, - . . -

, , . 159. - , - ( )160.

, - . . - - -

- . , - . . , , . - 161. , . , 162.

, , . ,

151 Ibidem, 197.152 Cf. . 1.153 . , op. cit., 600 - 607.154 . , . , XLIII, 2006, 527 - 559, 544 - 549.155 XIII , , cf. .

. , , 1974, 16, 184185.156 . , , - 1969.

157 G. Gerov - A. Kirin, New Data on the Fourteenth-Century Mural Paintings in the Church of Sveti Nikola (St.Nicholas) in Kalotina, 23, 1993 - 1994,51 - 64.158 . - . - . - . -, , 2004.159 . , . , 548 - 549.160 . - . , . . 1987, . . XXXVIII, 1988, 83 - 109.161 . , op. cit., 548.162 . , op. cit., 267 - 271. - 2001 .( ) -. , 1888 ., - , - ( ) , ,

-, , cf. . , , - , II, 1888, 125 - 137; ., op. cit., 267.


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. , , 163. -

- - . , , - -. , . . ,

. - . , , - . - . , . , . . , - . (. ?). . . , . - , - .

163 H. Delehaye,Les lgendes grecques des saints militaires ,83- 84; .


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The church of Virgin Mary, also known as Mateje

monastery, is one of the most representativemonuments of the medieval art and architecture.In the splendor of the cycles and scenes depictedon the walls, we can nd a lots of gures of thewarrior saints. Theyre painted in the lowest zone ofnaos (the north wall and the pillars) and the nartex.Some of them (like St. Niketas, St. Christopher, St.Artemios, Sts. Theodore Tiron and Stratelates) havealready been identied. Theyre represented withtheir usual iconography, typical for that period. Theonly exclusion is the shield of St. Theodor Tiron,

with a lions gure painted on the front side. It couldrepresent a heraldic symbol (coat of arm), but moreprobably, the lion is depicted as a christian symbol ofcourage of the Christs soldier.There are three unidentied warriors in the nartex.Two of them, with their identical iconography andattributes (a sword and a scepter with pearls), could

be identied as St. Sergius and St. Bachus. Oppositeof St. Niketas, on the south side of the north pillarin the nartex is the gure of a saint with damagedface. Judging by the remains of the inscription, it is a

gure of St. Mercurius.

Starting by the rule that the most important soldiers

- St. Demetrius and St. George, must have been painted in the church, we conclude that they wererepresented on the south side of the north-west pillarin the naos (St. Demetrius) and on the north side ofsouth-west pillar (St. George). Next to St. Demetrius,on the east side of the pillar is the gure of St. Nestor.Only the youthful warrior on the north wall, next toSt. Artemius, remains unidentied.The most interesting gure is the one painted asidefrom all the others warriors and opposite of thedonors composition. Judging by the popularity of

this category of saints in the specic conditions inthe tsar Duan`s state, we presume that this gurerepresent St. Procopius. He had a quite importanceof regional character, concentrated on the territory

between Serbian and Bulgarian border. His relicswere kept at the city of Ni, and the city was a partof Bulgarian state for a long time. Tsarina Elena, amember of the Bulgarian royal dynasty, is the donorof the fresco - painting of the church, so it is possiblethat she insisted for the placement of St. Procopiusclose to her, maybe even as a guardian of her grave.

Dejan GJORGJIEVSKI

IDENTIFICATION OF THE WARRIOR SAINTS AT THE MATEJE MONASTERY

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