03 《名词性从句》

II ．语序问题．语序问题 1.The photographs will show you ____ . （ MET89 ） A. what does our village look like

B. what our village looks like

C. how does our village look like

D. how our village looks like 2.He asked ____  for a violin ．（ MET92 ） A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much

C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid

规律一：名词性从句在句中要用陈述语序

IIII ．引导词的选择．引导词的选择

1. ____  we can't get seems better than ____ we

have. A.What , what B. What , that C. That , that  D. That , what

2. It worried her a bit  ____ her hair was turning grey.

A ． while B ． that C ． if  D ． for

3.What the doctors really doubt is _______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon ．

A ． when B ． how

C ． whether D ． why

4 ． made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A ． What…becauseB ． What…that C ． That…what D ． That…because

规律二： 1. 由 that 引导且 that 连词在从句中不作成分，宾从从第二个 that 起不省，主从，同位从，表从中 that 不省。

2. 表是否，由 whether ， if 引导

3. 从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义的。由 wh- 连词引导且 wh- 连词在从句中作成分。连接代词 what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever ，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever 。

找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：7. If we will have a meeting hasn't been decided yet.

8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.

9. The question is if he himself will be present at the

meeting.

10. He asked me if or not I could go with him.

Whether we will have a meeting hasn’t been decided yet.

It depends on whether the weather is …...

He asked me whether or not I could go with him.

规律三： whether 和 if 的区别：

The question is whether he himself will be present …...

①whether 和 if 在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用 whether 。如： It all depends on whether they will come back.

②后面直接跟 or not 时用 whether 。如：

I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.③主语从句和表语从句中只能用 whether 。如：Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.The question is whether they have so much money.

④whether 可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容， if 不能。如：We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.

⑤whether 常与 or 连用表示一种选择， if 不能这样用；whether 也可与动词不定式连用但 if 不能。如：The question of whether they are male or female is not important.I have not decided whether to go or not.

⑥ whether 可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”，而 if 不能，但可以引导一个条件状语从句表示“如果”如：Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.If I have time tomorrow, I’ll go to visit Tom.7.discuss whether …

找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money

on these books.

2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our

sports meeting.

3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to

finish the job in such a short time.

4. It doesn’t matter that you will come or not.

it

it

that

whether

规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助 “ it” 而后置。

1. 主语从句可以用 it （作形式主语） 来替换成以下几种结构表达。(A)It is clear/certain/likely /true/surprising that… （ B ） It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...

（ C ） It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that … （ D ） It seems/happens /occurs that…

如： It is said that China will win in the World Cup.

2. 宾语从句可以用 it （作形式宾语） 来替换的句型为：

主语＋谓语＋ it ＋ Adj/N ＋从句如：  I think it necessary that we have the meeting ． see to it that/ appreciate it if I hate / love it when …

1. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____ shares her interests. A. anyone  B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 2. ____ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do. A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter

3. It is generally considered unwise to give a

child ____ he or she wants.

A. however  B. whatever

C. whichever  D. whenever

He will believe whatever others say. （不能用 no matter what 代替 whatever ） Whatever others say, he will believe it.（可以用 no matter what 代替 whatever ）

规律四： whatever, whichever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however 等与 no matter what, no matter which, no matter who, no matter when, no matter where, no matter how 的区别 : 前者既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而 no matter 加疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。

规律五：注意虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用！

(1) 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。

①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“ would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“ had + 过去分词”

②在表示建议、要求、命令等的名词性从句（ suggest 、 advise 、 propose 、demand 、 require 、 insist request 、 command 、 order ），从句谓语动词用 (should) + 动词原形或是动词原形。如：

She suggested we (should)leave here at once.

The doctor ordered she (should )be operated on.

His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.

名词从句与定语从句 的主要区别

同位语从句和定语从句的区别： that 作为关系代词 , 可以引导定语从句 , 充当句子的主语或宾语成分 , 在从句中作宾语时可以省略 ; that 引导同位语从句时 , 起连词的作用 , 没有实际意义，不充当句子成分 , 一般不能省略。 试比较下面两个例句 :

The suggestion (that) he raised at the meeting is very good.

（ that 引导定语从句 , 作宾语 , 可以省略） The suggestion that the students (should) have plenty of exercise is

very good. （ that 引导同位语从句） I had no idea that you were here. （ that 引导同位语从句 , 不能省略） Have you got the idea (that) this book gives you of life in ancient

Greece?

（ that 引导定语从句 , 作宾语 , 可以省略）

I. 引导词的不同： 不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：

不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：

as, 且 when, where 等不能与 in/on/at which 互换。

whether, if, what, how

III.名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系：

1. He has done what he can to help me.

--He has done ____ ____ he can to help me.

2. What I want to say has nothing to do with

it.

--____ ____ I want to say has nothing to do

with it.

all that

All that

3. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished.

______ ______ breaks the law is to be punished.

4. He will give the dictionary to whoever

needs if most.

He will give the dictionary to ______ ____

needs it most.

5. We’ll remember whomever we turned to

for help.

We’ll remember ______ ________ we turned

to for help.

Anyone who

anyone who

anyone (whom)

6. They will do whatever he wants them to

do.

They will do ______ ______he wants them

to do.

7. I’ll read whichever book you give me.

I’ll read ____ of the  books _____  you give

me.

anything that

any that

IV.其余问题：

1. 误： I don't know if he comes back this month.

2. 误： I have no idea what had happened when

I was away.

正： I don't know if he will come back this month.

正： I have no idea what happened when I was

away.

3. 误： The reason is because he is ill.

4. 误： Who leaves last turns off the light.

正： The reason is that he is ill.

正： Whoever leaves last turns off

the light.

名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦1.I ask her _______ come with me.

A.if she will B. if will she

C. whether will she D. will she

2._______ he said is true.

A.What B. That

C. Which D. Whether

5.To get the job started, _______ I

need is some money.

A.only what B. all what

C. all that D. only that

6.I have no idea _______ far the railway

station is from here.

A. what B. how C. it's D. that

3.Can you tell me ________?

A.who is that gentleman

B. that gentleman is who

C. who that gentleman is

D. whom is that gentleman

4.He didn't know which room _______.

A.they lived B. they lived in

C. did they live D. did they live in

7.Can you tell me _______ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I can got to D. where can I get to 8.Do you know _______? A. what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is 9._______ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 10.They have no idea at all ________. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone 11.They want to know _________ do to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 12.These photographs will show you _______. A. what our village looks like B. what does our village look like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like

13.Can you make sure ________ the gold ring?

A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put

C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put

14.No one can be sure ________ in a million years.

A. what man will look like B. what will man look like

C. man will look like D. what look man like

15.________ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not

known yet.

A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That

16.Go and get your coat. It's ________ you left it.

A. there B. where C. there where D. where there

17.It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning gray.

A. while B. that C. if D. for

18._______ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.

A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter

19. — Do you remember ________ he came? — Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 20._________ we can't get seems better than _________ we have. A. What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what 21.________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 22.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 23. — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. — Is that _________ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 24.These wild flowers are so special that I would do ________ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever

25.________ you like him or not is none of my business.

A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether

26.You can't imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.

A. how they were excited B. how excited they were

C. how excited were they D. they were how excited

27.________ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.

A. What B. That C. How D. Where

28.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _________ I got wet through.

A. It's the reason B. That's why

C. There's why D. It's how

29.It was a matter of ________ would take the position.

A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever

30.________ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.

A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever

31.It was _______ he said _______ disappointed me.

A. what ; that B. that ; that

C. what ; what D. that ; what

32.Eat ________ cake you like and leave the others for ________ comes in late.

A. any ; who B. every ; whoever

C. whichever ; whoever D. either ; whoever