第04章 后处理.pdf

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第四章 后处理 后处理是指检查并分析求解的结果的相关操作。这可能是分析中最重要的一环之一, 因为任何分析的最终目的都是为了研究作用在模型上的的载荷是如何影响设计的。 检查分析结果可使用两个后处理器: POST1 (通用后处理器)和 POST26 (时间历程后 处理器)。 POST1 允许检查整个模型在某一载荷步和子步(或对某一特定时间点或频率)的结果。 POST26 可以检查模型的指定节点的某一结果项相对于时间、频率或其它结果项的变 化。 需要注意的是 ANSYS 的后处理器仅是用于检查分析结果的工具。要判断一个分析的 结果是否正确,或者对结果进行解释,仍然需要工程判断能力。 在求解时,ANSYS 将结果写入结果文件,进行后处理时,结果文件必须存在且可用。 结果文件名的后缀取决于分析类型,对于结构分析的结果文件的后缀为 RST在求解时,ANSYS 将计算两种类型的结果数据: 基本数据包含计算得到的每个节点的自由度解:比如结构分析的节点位移 UX,UY,YZ,ROTX,ROTY,ROTZ)、热力分析的温度等。这些被称为 nodal solution (节点解)数据。 派生数据是由基本数据推导得到的数据,如结构分析中的应力和应变;通常计算 得到的派生数据是单元的下列位置的数据:每个单元的所有节点;每个单元的所有积 分点或每个单元的质心。派生数据称为 element solution(单元解)数据。 后处理所有的操作和运算均针对此两种数据进行。下面分别介绍通用后处理器和时间 历程后处理器。 41 通用后处理器(POST1使用 POST1 通用后处理器可观察整个模型或模型的一部分在某一时间(或频率)上针 对特定载荷组合的结果。POST1 有许多功能,包括从简单的图像显示到针对更为复杂数据 操作的列表等。 要进入 POST1 通用后处理器,输入/POST1 命令或单击菜单 Main Menu | General Postproc

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  • POST1 POST26

    POST1 POST26

    ANSYS

    ANSYS RST

    ANSYS z

    UX,UY,YZ,ROTX,ROTY,ROTZ nodal solution z

    element solution

    41 POST1

    POST1POST1

    POST1 /POST1 Main Menu | General Postproc

  • 411

    POST1 ANSYS ANSYS RESUME

    ANSYSJobname.RST

    1Main Menu | General Postproc | Data & File Opt Data and File Options 4.1

    4.1 2Data to be read

    3.2.3 Solution Controls BasicWrite Item to Results FileAll items FILEResults file to be read

    SETSUBSET APPEND Main Menu | General Postproc | Results Summary 4.2

  • 4.2 Main Menu | General Postproc | Read Results | Next Set/ Previous Set

    SETMain Menu | General Postproc | Read Results

    1Main Menu | General Postproc | Read Results | First Set

    2Main Menu | General Postproc | Read Results | Next Set/ Previous Set

    3Main Menu | General Postproc | Read Results | Last Set.

    By load StepBy Set Number Results SummaryBy Time/Freq ANSYS

  • 412

    Main Menu | General Postproc | Options for Outp Options for Output 4.3

    4.3 Results coord systemLocal system Local system reference no

    413

    POST1POST1 z z z z z

  • z

    4131

    CommandPLNSOL GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | Plot Results | Contour Plot | Nodal Solu CommandPLESOL GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | Plot Results | Contour Plot | Element Solu CommandPLETAB GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | Plot Results | Contour Plot | Elem Table CommandPLLS GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | Plot Results | Line Elem Res

    PLNSOL GUI ANSYS

    GUI PLNSOL Contour Nodal Solution Data 4.4Item to be contoured

    DOF solutionStressStrain Item to be plotted Def shape only

    Def + undeformedDef + undef edge 4.5 XUX Def + undef edge

  • 4.4

    4.5 PLNSOL

    PLESOL PLETABElement table 4.2 GUI 4.6

  • 4.6 PLLS I jPLLS i j

    GUI 4.7

    4.7 PLLS

    4132 CommandPLDISP GUI Utility Menu | Plot | Results | Deformed Shape Main Menu | General Postproc | Plot Results | Deformed Shape 4.1.3.1 PLNSOL

    4133 ANSYSUROTTGS

    CommandPLVECT GUI

  • Main Menu | General Postproc | Plot Results | Vector Plot | Predefined Main Menu | General Postproc | Plot Results | Vector Plot | User-Defined

    4134 4.3

    414

    CommandPRNSOL GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | List Results | Nodal Solution Utility Menu | List | Results | Nodal Solution CommandPRESOL GUI Main Menu | General Postproc | List Results | Element Solution Utility Menu | List | Results | Element Solution GUI 4.4ANSYS

    PRESOL ELEM 4.2.1.2

    NSORTMain Menu | General Postproc | List Results | Sorted Listing | Sort NodesESORT Main Menu | General Postproc | List Results | Sorted Listing | Sort Elems

    CommandNUSORT GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | List Results | Sorted Listing | Unsort Nodes CommandEUSORT GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | List Results | Sorted Listing | Unsort Elems

  • 42

    ANSYS SETSUBSET PRNSOL PLESONPRNSOL PLESON 4.1.3

    SX

    421

    GUI CommandETABLE GUI Main Menu | General Postproc | Element Table | Define Table Main Menu | General Postproc | Element Table | Erase Table Utiliy Menu | Select

    4211 GUI Lab 4.9 ETABLE Lab POST1 ETABLE Item Comp SXSXS Item

    X Comp CompItem VOLM Comp Item CompCENT PLNSOL

  • ETABLE Item Comp ANSYS Element Output Definitions 4.1 BEAM4 Name ETABLE Item

    ETABLE CompO R Jobname.OUTORYa

    4.1 BEAM4 Element Output Definitions ANSYS Name Definition O R

    EL Element number Y YNODES Element node number (I and J) Y Y

    MAT Material number for the element Y YVOLU: Element volume - Y

    CENT:(X,Y,Z) Global location of the element centroid XC, YC, ZC - YTEMP Temperatures at integration points T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8 Y Y

    PRES Pressure P1 at nodes I,J; OFFST1 at I,J; P2 at I,J; OFFST2 at I,J; P3 at I,J;

    OFFST3 at I,J; P4 at I; P5 at J Y Y

    SDI R Axial direct stress 1 1 SBYT Bending stress on the element +Y side of the beam 1 1 SBYB Bending stress on the element -Y side of the beam 1 1 SBZT Bending stress on the element +Z side of the beam 1 1 SBZB Bending stress on the element -Z side of the beam 1 1 SMAX Maximum stress (direct stress + bending stress) 1 1 SMIN Minimum stress (direct stress - bending stress) 1 1

    EPELDIR Axial elastic strain at the end 1 1 EPELBYT Bending elastic strain on the element +Y side of the beam 1 1 EPELBYB Bending elastic strain on the element -Y side of the beam 1 1 EPELBZT Bending elastic strain on the element +Z side of the beam 1 1 EPELBZB Bending elastic strain on the element -Z side of the beam 1 1 EPTHDIR Axial thermal strain at the end 1 1 EPTHBYT Bending thermal strain on the element +Y side of the beam 1 1 EPTHBYB Bending thermal strain on the element -Y side of the beam 1 1 EPTHBZT Bending thermal strain on the element +Z side of the beam 1 1 EPTHBZB Bending thermal strain on the element -Z side of the beam 1 1 EPINAXL Initial axial strain in the element 1 1

    MFOR:(X,Y,Z) Member forces in the element coordinate system X, Y, Z directions 2 YMMOM:(X,Y,Z) Member moments in the element coordinate system X, Y, Z directions 2 Y

  • 1The item repeats for end I, intermediate locations (see KEYOPT(9)), and end J. 2If KEYOPT(6) = 1 GUI

    1 4.1.1

    2 Utility Menu | Select 3Main Menu | General Postproc | Element Table | Define Table

    4.8 Element Table DataUpdateDelete

    4.8 4 Define Additional Element Table Items 4.9 User Label for itemLabResults Data Item 4.1

  • 4.9 5

    Geometry Elem volume VOLU

    4.8 4.10

    4.10 6

    4212 ANSYSItem and Sequence Numbers for the ETABLE and ESOL Commands 4.2 BEAM4

    Label 4.1 Name 4.1 Definition ItemLSLEPELSMISC ETABLE Item 4.2 EIJ

    Comp BEAM4 JSMAX ItemNMISC Comp3EPINAXL Item=LEPYHComp11

    BEAM4KEYOPT KEYOPT 2.5KEYOPT90 KEYOPTs

  • 4.2 BEAM4 (KEYOPT(9) = 0) Item and Sequence Numbers for the ETABLE and ESOL Commands

    KEYOPT(9) = 0 Label Item E I J

    SDIR LS - 1 6

    SBYT LS - 2 7

    SBYB LS - 3 8

    SBZT LS - 4 9

    SBZB LS - 5 10

    EPELDIR LEPEL - 1 6

    EPELBYT LEPEL - 2 7

    EPELBYB LEPEL - 3 8

    EPELBZT LEPEL - 4 9

    EPELBZB LEPEL - 5 10

    SMAX NMISC - 1 3

    SMIN NMISC - 2 4

    EPTHDIR LEPTH - 1 6

    EPTHBYT LEPTH - 2 7

    EPTHBYB LEPTH - 3 8

    EPTHBZT LEPTH - 4 9

    EPTHBZB LEPTH - 5 10

    EPINAXL LEPTH 11 - -

    MFORX SMISC - 1 7

    MFORY SMISC - 2 8

    MFORZ SMISC - 3 9

    MMOMX SMISC - 4 10

    MMOMY SMISC - 5 11

    MMOMZ SMISC - 6 12

    P1 SMISC - 13 14

    OFFST1 SMISC - 15 16

    P2 SMISC - 17 18

    OFFST2 SMISC - 19 20

    P3 SMISC - 21 22

    OFFST3 SMISC - 23 24

  • P4 SMISC - 25 -

    P5 SMISC - - 26

    Pseudo Node

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

    TEMP LBFE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 GUI 1 4.1.1

    2 Utility Menu | Select 3Main Menu | General Postproc | Element Table | Define Table 4.8

    4 Define Additional Element Table Items 4.11By sequence num Item

    4.11NMISC1 BEAM4 IItem

    4.2.1.1

    4.11 5

    4213 1ETABLE ETABLE

    2SMISC1 MFORX X SOLID45 P1 1

  • ETABLE ESEL Utility Menu | Select | Entities

    3ANSYS 1 2 14.8

    4

    422

    CommandPLETAB GUI Main Menu | General Postproc | Element Table | Plot Elem Table Main Menu | General Postproc | Plot Results | Elem Table Utility Menu | Plot | Results | Contour Plot | Elem Table Data PLETAB GUI 4.1.3.1

    CommandPRETAB GUI Main Menu | General Postproc | Element Table | List Elem Table Main Menu | General Postproc | List Results | Elem Table Data Utility Menu | List | Results | Element Table Data

    423

    ANSYS

    1 CommandSABS GUIMain Menu | General Postroc | Element Table | Abs Value Option

    2 CommandSSUM

  • GUIMain Menu | General Postroc | Element Table | Sum of Each Item 3 CommandSADD GUIMain Menu | General Postroc | Element Table | Add Items

    4 CommandSMULT GUIMain Menu | General Postroc | Element Table | Multiply

    5 CommandSMAX GUIMain Menu | General Postroc | Element Table | Find Maximum

    6 CommandSMIN GUIMain Menu | General Postroc | Element Table | Find Minimum

    7 CommandSEXP GUIMain Menu | General Postroc | Element Table | Exponentiate

    8 CommandVCROSS GUIMain Menu | General Postroc | Element Table | Cross Product

    9 CommandVDOT GUIMain Menu | General Postroc | Element Table | Dot Product

    43

    ANSYS 6.1POST1

    1PATH

    2PPATH 3PDEF

  • 431

    ANSYS6.1 3 GUI GUI z CommandPATHPPATH GUI Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Define Path | By Nodes z CommandPATHPPATH GUI Main Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Define Path | On Working Plane z CommandPATHPPATH GUI Main Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Define Path | By Location

    GUI 1Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Define Path | By Nodes

    2 4.12 Define Path NameName Number of data setsnSets 4XYZS 30Number of divisions

    nDiv 20

    4.12

    (3) Main Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Define Path | Path

    Status | Defined Paths

  • Main Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Define Path | Path Status | Current PathMain Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Recall Path

    Main Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Delete Path

    432

    DOF

    ANSYS XGYGZG SXGYG ZGS

    S GUI 4.3.1 1Main Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Map onto PathMap

    Result Items onto Path 4.13 4.3.1

    4.13 2 User label for item Item to be mapped

  • 3

    433

    z

    S

    CommandPLPATH GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Plot Path Item | On

    Graph z CommandPLPAGM GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Plot Path Item | On

    Geometry CommandPRPATH GUI Main Menu | General Postproc | List Results | Path Items Main Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | List Path Items Utility Menu | List | Results | Path Data PRANGEMain Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Path Range

    GUI 1 PRANGE PLPATHPRAPATHMain Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Path Range 4.14 Path Range for Plot and List

  • 4.14 2 Path distance range X-axis variableX S

    3Main Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Plot Path Item | On Graph 4.15 Plot of Path Items on GraphPath items to be graphed

    4.15 4 ANSYS 4.16 Z Utility Menu | PlotCtrls | Style | Graph

  • 4.16

    434

    ANSYS6.1 GUI GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Plot Path Item | List Path Item

    435

    POST1

    GUI z CommandPASAVE GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Archive Path | Store | Paths

    in file z CommandPARESU GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Archive Path | Retrieve |

  • Paths from file z CommandPAGET GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Archive Path | Store | Path

    in array z CommandPAPUT GUIMain Menu | General Postproc | Path Operations | Archive Path | Retrieve |

    Path from array GUIANSYS

    Utility Menu | Parameters | Array Parameters | Define/EditJobname.db

    GUI

    44 POST26

    POST26 POST26

    GUI ANSYS CommandPOST26 GUIMain Menu | TimeHist Postpro

    1 POST26 2 3 4

  • 441 Variable Viewer

    Variable ViewerMain Menu | TimeHist PostPro | Variable Viewer POST26

    POST26 4.17

    4.17 1TOOLBAR

    Add Data 4.4.3 Delete Data Graph Data 10 4.4.5

    List Data 6 Properties Import Data Export Data

    Overlay Data

  • Clear Refresh Data Results to View

    2Hide/Show Variable List/ 3Variable List

    4Hide/Show Calculator/ 5Variable Name Input Area 32 6Expression Input Area

    7APDL Variable Drop Down ListAPDL

    APDL 8Time-History Variable Drop Down List

    9Calculator Area ANSYS

    442

    ANSYS jobname.RSTANSYSJobname.RSTANSYS Main Menu | TimeHist PostPro | Settings | File FileANSYS

    Main Menu | TimeHist Postpro

  • GUIMain Menu | TimeHist PostPro | Variable Viewer

    GUI ANSYS

    1 POST1

    2ANSYS

    3 POST26 POST1 POST26 4.4.1

    443

    32TIMEFREQANSYSANSYS 200ANSYS Time FREQ

    1 2 GUI 4.4.2

    1 Variable ViewerAdd Data Add Time-History Variable 4.18

    2 Result Item Properties Variable Name ANSYS

  • 4.18

    2 4.19

    444

    ANSYS

    GUI UXofNode1 1 X

    1 4.19 VelXofNode1

  • 4.19 2 APDL 4.20

    deriv Dy/Dx Y X UXofNode1 TIME

  • 4.20

    3 ANSYS 4.21

    4.21

    445

    4451 10 Graph Data

    4.22 1 X

  • 4.22 X TIME

    FREQ X X-Axis X X

    Properties Time-History Properties 4.23 X-AxisX X X

    4.23 X

    4452 List Data

  • 4.24

    4.24 4.23 Lists