08_160503 role of ipv6 in 4g, 5g and iot.pdf
TRANSCRIPT
1 © Nokia 2016
IPv6 in 4G, 5G and IoT
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IPv6 Council • Thierry Van de Velde, IP & Optical Networks (ION) BG, Packet Core BU • [email protected] • Antwerp, May 4, 2016
2 © Nokia 2016
5G and the Internet Of Things… Nokia’s top priorities for innovation
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mMTC cMTC
eMBB
• 3GPP R14 SMARTER project • 3GPP SA1, SAZ, SA2, SA3, RAN2 • Nokia 5G Trial at Verizon • Nokia COCNE : Cloud Optimized Core Network Evolution • 5GPC : 5G Programmable Core • WISPERNET : SIMless access to MulLTEfire….
OZO
3 © Nokia 2016
IP/MPLS
Macro RAN
Nokia’s core network : NFV, SDN and IP/MPLS in support of 2G/3G/4G/5G/IoT
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Virtualised control plane, virtualised user plane and physical user plane (NPU)
Small Cells
Airscale Wi-Fi
Fixed Broadband
BNG
Aggregation SeGW
LTE-M NB-IoT EC-GSM
2G 3G
Enterprise
Internet
physical EPC
mMTC cMTC
eMBB
Virtualised Service Functions
IMS Video optimisation
Content Delivery Network …
Service Capability Exposure Framework
Analytics
REST API
• PE/IAR : 7950 XRS Provider Edge / Internet Access Router • SeGW : 7750 SR Security Gateway (IPSec) • WLAN GW : 7750 SR Trusted WLAN Access GW & Proxy • BNG : 7750 SR Broadband Network Gateway • cMG : cloud Flexi Network Server (SGW/PGW/ePDG) • cMM : cloud Mobility Manager (MME/SGSN) • cWLC : cloud WireLess Controller (for Wi-Fi) • SDL : Nokia Shared Data Layer • SDM : Subscriber Data Manager (HLR/HSS/AuC) • vSR : virtualised Service Router (PE, vBNG, vWLGW) • VSP : Nuage Virtualised Services Platform (SDN) • VNFM : Virtualised Network Function Manager • vRAN : virtualised RAN (BBU) • eMBB : enhanced Mobile BroadBand • mMTC : massive Machine Type Communications • cMTC : critical Machine Type Communications
5G mMTC 5G cMTC 5G eMBB
DataCenter Edge / SSG PE IAR FW
PE
vRAN cWLC
SDM VNFM
cMG
AAA NetAct
cMM VSP vSR
SDL
VNF
4 © Nokia 2016
Nuage Networks Virtualized Services Platform (VSP) Automatic synchronization of Services with IP/MPLS Core
Hypervisor
Hypervisor
Hypervisor
Hypervisor
Hypervisor
Hypervisor
Hypervisor
Hypervisor
Hypervisor
Hypervisor
Hypervisor
Hypervisor DC1 Zone 1
DatacenterControlPlane
DatacenterDataPlane DC1 Zone 2 Datacenter 2` ServiceProviderDataPlane
IP / MPLS
ServiceProviderControlPlane
Virtualized Services Controller
Virtualized Services Directory
Virtualized Services Controller
Business VPN
Service Private Datacenter
SDN Federation within the DC
(EVPN)
VPN control plane in the WAN
Overlay-based data plane encapsulation
(VXLAN) WAN MPLS-based
data plane
Auto-provisioning
Control Plane
Data Plane
Auto-instantiated
VPN
VirtualizedServicesDirectory(VSD)• NetworkPolicyEngine–abstractscomplexity• Servicetemplatesandanaly<cs
XMPP / NetConf
Auto-instantiation of service parameters and
policies from VSD
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CloudServiceManagementPlane
5 © Nokia 2016
Ser
vice
s C
onsu
lt, d
esig
n/bu
ild, o
pera
te/m
aint
ain
OSS/BSS
Network Management
NetAct and 5620 SAM
CloudBand Security Director
NFV Orchestrator
Virtualized Network Functions (VNF)
Hypervisor
AirFrame DC
mgm
t
Security Element Manager
CloudBand Application Manager (CBAM)
Virtual Infrastructure Manager
Cloud stacks
Service fulfilment orchestration
CloudBand Network Director
IaaS API
VMware ESXi KVM
Compute OpenStack NCIO(R)
Vmware NCIV
Nokia NFV Infrastructure, Management & Orchestration (ETSI MANO)
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Storage Network
6 © Nokia 2016
5G Myths buster
Myth #2 5G radio will replace 4G
5G is about integration of existing and new technologies. LTE will continue to evolve
Myth #4 5G soon commercial
Myth #1 5G mainly for speed and capacity
Currently in research phase. Standardization starting end of 2015 Pre-standardized 5G trials 2018 onwards Commercial networks opening in 2020
Myth #3 5G = Radio evolution
Programmable, software driven and holistically managed network architecture
New applications drive 5G: low cost and energy for sensors, low latency for critical control
Reality
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7 © Nokia 2016
5G for people and things
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Expanding the human possibilities of technology
Never lost - always find an address – always on time
Healthier people with connected wearables, remote medics
Less transport costs and fuel consumption
Everyone is an innovator – easier and faster to innovate Give back 2hrs/day…
never be in a rush
50% higher industry productivity by connected cyber physical systems
Safer in connected homes
Zero loss water distribution
Towards zero road fatalities, > half a million lives saved
Individual Society Economy
8 © Nokia 2016
Internet of Things : Communication without Human Intervention 30 Bn Objects by 2025 (Machina Research 2015)
Directly Attached 3GPP IoT 3GPP UE (DCE) controlled by
Object (DTE) through AT commands
Overview of the IoT market
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The devices’ perspective
Non-3GPP IoT No 3GPP RAN at all between
Object and PDN
Indirectly Attached 3GPP IoT 3GPP UE used as Routed, Bridged GW or NAT by non-3GPP Object
Long Range Object NB-IOT
LTE Cat-0 LTE-M
5G cMTC 5G mMTC
Short Range Object
LPWA 802.11ah HaLow LoRa
Sigfox
Connected Object
3GPP User
Equipment
802.11 Wi-Fi 802.3 Ethernet
5G eMBB
LTE
LTE-A
Zigbee ZWave
6LPWAN
Bluetooth Low Energy
…
Low Power Wide Area : 4 Bn Objects by 2025
EC-GSM
3 Bn Objects by 2025
Potentially 20 Bn Objects could move in here!
3 Bn by
2020
9 © Nokia 2016
IPv6 RAB S1 S5 IPv6 IPv4 IPv6
NAT 64
IPv4 IPv6
Router
IPv6 IPv6
Router
Competing addressing models for the forecasted 20 Bn Objects-Behind-UE
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UE Core
Network
Internet
IPv4 IPv4 IPv4
NAT
RAB S1 S5 IPv4 IPv4 IPv4
NAT
IPv4
IPv4 RAB S1 S5 IPv4 IPv4 IPv4
NAT
IPv4 IPv4
Router
Framed Route to
Subnet of
Same /64 prefix
RFC 7278
/64 prefix
/64 prefix
DNS 64
10 © Nokia 2016
• CGN maps v4-in-v6 to v4 • Tethering for IPv4 in future
implementations? • IPv4 Servers behind UE no
longer reachable unless via PCP? • Quid IPv6 over Wi-Fi?
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Single-stack IPv6 UE with DS Lite (RFC6333)
UE Core
Network
Internet
IPv6 RAB S1 S5 IPv6 IPv4 IPv6
NAT 64
IPv4 IPv6
Router /64 prefix
/64 prefix Same /64
prefix
IPv6 IPv6
Router
IPv6 IPv4
DS Lite Same /64
prefix
Local IPv4 App IPv4 IPv6
CGN
IPv4
RFC6333 DS Lite Carrier Grade NAT
RFC 7278
IPv4
DNS 64
11 © Nokia 2016
• CLAT implementations on Android & Windows Phone
• Separate UE IPv6 address required for CLAT
• Tethering support for IPv4 is not part of Android 5.1
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Single-stack IPv6 UE with 464XLAT (RFC6877)
UE Core
Network
Internet
IPv6 RAB S1 S5 IPv6 IPv4 IPv6
NAT 64
IPv4 IPv6
Router /64 prefix
/64 prefix Same /64
prefix
IPv6 IPv6
Router
IPv6 IPv4
CLAT Same /64 prefix
Local IPv4 App IPv4 IPv6
PLAT
IPv4
RFC6877 PLAT
RFC 7278
IPv4
DNS 64
12 © Nokia 2016
• Issues : - Support of IPv4v6 PDN Type - Outbound Roaming - Mix of routing and NAT on UE - Dual NAT44 for tethered IPv4 objects
à UDP/TCP ports shortage etc. à incentive to switch to IPv6
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Dual Stack UE and APN (Access Point Name on PDN Gateway)
UE Core
Network
Internet
IPv6 RAB S1 S5
IPv6 IPv4 IPv6
NAT 64
IPv4 IPv6
Router /64 prefix
/64 prefix Same /64
prefix
IPv6 IPv6
Router
IPv4 IPv4
NAT 44
Local IPv4 App IPv4 IPv4
NAT 44
IPv4
IPv4 IPv4
DNS 64
13 © Nokia 2016
7 Bn Objects will be in long range mode by 2025
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Licensed Spectrum
Unlicensed Spectrum
Delay Sensitive
Traffic
Delay Tolerant Traffic
But with different requirements in terms of Radio Access Technologies
14 © Nokia 2016
New radio access technologies emerging
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Mapped by spectrum requirements and delay tolerance
Licensed Spectrum
Unlicensed Spectrum
Delay Sensitive
Traffic
Delay Tolerant Traffic
LoRa
Sigfox
802.11 b/g/n
Bluetooth Low Energy
5G mMTC 5G cMTC 5G eMBB
EC-GSM
LTE
Halow
LTE
LTE-A
802.11 a/n/ac/ax
Would support Open Interconnect Consortium CRUDN API to oic://org/object?query
3GPP R13 Cat-M2 UE 200 KHz or shared, 1 PRB, <150 Kbps
3GPP R12 Cat-0 UE <1 Mbps, shared spectrum
3GPP R13 EDGE 2.4MHz or shared
10 Kbps in GERAN
802.1x EAP 802.11i WPA2
DHCP
EAP/NAS? tbd 6LPWAN
Connected
Idle
PSM NB-IoT
LTE-M
3GPP R13 Cat-M1 UE 1.4 MHz dedicated or
shared spectrum, 6 PRB <1 Mbps, PSM--> eDRX
aka « eMTC »
15 © Nokia 2016
PDN IP VPN
A dilemma for the IoT Operator
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Connect Things to IP networks (VPNs)?
Mobility Manager
Gateway
AAA
UE Host
UE IP@ IP@
RAN
MAC@
IP Service Provider model
PDN
SCEF/AS
NS
RBAC
UE CS
EUI64
resource
RAN
DB
Applications Ecosystem
Storage of reported data
AS : LoRa Application Server NS : LoRa Network Server
CS : Customer Server
or make them actionable through APIs?
T6a
16 © Nokia 2016
Direct Cellular Access to 3GPP R13 LTE-M and NB-IoT networks
NB IoT UE
SGW PGW S5/S8
HSS
S6a
PCRF
Gx
S1-U
S1*
SMSC
SGi*
SGi R13
E-UTRAN
MME C-SGN
Gd*
Gd
LTE-M UE
R12/R13 E-
UTRAN
STA WLAN AP
C-Uu
Uu
SCEF
S1-MME
TR 23.720 Cellular IoT
Serving Gateway
Node
TS 23.682 Service Capabilities Exposure Function
2G
TWAG
Messaging
S11
PDN
NSWO (LBO)
S6a*
AAA
S2a S6b
S8*
STa
L2oGRE
IoT MS
R13 EC-GSM GERAN
C-Uu
SGSN
TR 45.820
NB-IoT
S4
LTE-M
EC-GSM
Halow
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T6a
17 © Nokia 2016
5G System Architecture for Converged Network Services
access and core nodes
photonic backhaul
5G
PON
HFC
Access Network
Frontends
LTE
inter data center networking
DC DC Data Center
Data Center
DC Data Center edge sites core sites
Access Specific c-plane Protocols
User Plane
Capabilities Exposure
Network Service
APIs
User Plane
Roaming Access
E2e management and orchestration
Converged Service Control Functions
Access Specific Control
Functions
Shared Data Layer
Services and
Applications hosted
by Telco Cloud or
elsewhere
DSL Access Functions Service Functions u-plane processing functions
ASI
Common API
Common API / interface
Access Context Service Context
ASI
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18 © Nokia 2016
Next Generation Mobile Core (NGMC) architecture
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Nokia’s five-layer endeavour
SDN / Load balancer
Shared Data Layer
Core Control Plane
Core User Plane
Programmable Core
Common Network Element Architecture for core network portfolio
Layered architecture providing Robustness, Flexibility and Scalability
Designed for Programmable core and Big data analytics
• Open API Support • Data Analytics • Internet of Things
• Common Cloud Database • Geo-redundancy
• Stateless Control Plane • Independent Scalability • Service Chain Controller
• Stateless User Plane • Independent Scalability • Distributed deployment
• IP dispatcher / load balancing • Service function forwarding
19 © Nokia 2016
NGMC : Introducing Bridged Cellular Communications, EP 15306442
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AGC
AGW 5G/4G+ RAN
WLAN AP
AAA
Consumer electronics : Unlicensed Femto
RJ45 Ethernet
AGC
AGW 5G/4G+ RAN
WiFi xDSL
Convergent Operator
MME
SPGW
HSS
AGC
AGW 5G/4G+ RAN
WLAN AP
Public Sector : Campus or City Mesh
MNO1 EPC1
MNO2 EPC2
ISP 3 BNG3
AAA
LAN
• AGC : Access Gateway Controller • AGW : Access Gateway
20 © Nokia 2016
NGMC : Flexible deployment models…
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AGC
AGW 5G/4G+ Cell
WLAN AP
Small Cells Gateway
MME
SPGW
HSS
AGC
AGW 5G/4G+ RAN
WiFi xDSL
Hosting Convergent Operator
MME
SGW
HSS
PCRF
PGW
IMS
ePDG
Full MVNO
AAA
MME
SGW 4G RAN
Foreign VPLMN
S8
S6a
S6a
S5
SWu
S2b
AGC
AGW 5G/4G+ RAN
AAA M2M Operator (IoT)
OSU PKI
21 © Nokia 2016
5G could start as Backhaul Technology for 4G/WLAN
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4G Femto
WiFi AP
Femtocell
AAA
SeGW
MME
SGW
HSS
PCRF
PGW
IMS
TWAP TWAG
S2a
S6a
S5
Core Network for End UE
Not required if only own 5G
backhaul is used
AGC
AGW
AAA
5G RAN
Backhaul Network
MME
SGW 4G RAN
Foreign VPLMN
S6a to HSS
S8
Operator CertXYZ
SCA
End UE
22 © Nokia 2016
• Connected Objects driving the demand for highly scalable addressing schemes • Tough challenges ahead for Object-Behind-UE model with NAT and routing • The IP Routing model is also challenged for 3GPP LTE-M, NB-IoT, 5G mMTC/cMTC • Nokia is therefore heading to Service Capabilities Exposure, Bridged Cellular
Communications and a Converged Service Domain in which the UE IP address will be assigned
• Nokia will drive the 3GPP standards for the Next Generation Mobile Core (NGMC) handling mobile broadband, fixed broadband, IoT and 5G
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Summary IPv6 is bound to be ubiquitous in IoT and 5G
23 © Nokia 2016
• Nokia IoT - http://networks.nokia.com/innovation/internet-of-things - http://info.networks.nokia.com/lte_m2m.html
• IP Mobile Core - https://www.alcatel-lucent.com/solutions/ip-mobile-core
• Carrier Wi-Fi - https://www.alcatel-lucent.com/solutions/carrier-wifi/details
• ePDG - https://resources.alcatel-lucent.com/asset/180173 - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d-FOS-7jjSg
• Next Generation Mobile Core - http://www.netmanias.com/en/?m=view&id=blog&no=8374 - https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/5g-could-start-security-overlay-ieee-802-access-thierry-van-de-velde
• Open Interconnect Consortium (OIC) - www.openinterconnect.org
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More info…
25 © Nokia 2016
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Copyright and confidentiality
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