- 112 - jha;tPL • ngg;gputup February 2014

kiyaf ,yf;fpak; kwf;fKbahj kdpju; mkuu;jpUr;nre;J}ud; mtu;fs;:1960 f;Fg; gpd; vOe;j kiyaff;fiy

,yf;fpag; Gj;njOr;rpapd; Kjw;Fuyhf

xypj;jJ fy;fpapy; gupR ngw;w mtuJ

‘cupik vq;Nf’ vd;Dk; rpWfij.

<oj;J ,yf;fpa tuyhw;wpy; 1956I jw;

fhy ,yf;fpaj;jpd; Muk;g vy;iyahff;

nfhs;syhk;. ,e;j Mz;by; Kjy; Kiw

ahfg; gjtp Vw;w mkuu; v];.lgps;A+.

Mu;.b. gz;lhuehaf;fhtpd; (SWRD)muR fyhrhu Jiwapy; fhl;ba Mu;tKk;

Njrpa nkhopfs; (jkpo; - rpq;fsk;) cau;

fy;tpf;fhd Nghjdh nkhopfshf;fg;gl;l

ngUkhw;wKk;> mjd; tpis gad;fSNk

1956 I jw;fhy ,yf;fpaj;jpd; vy;iyah

ff; nfhs;tjw;fhd fhuzq;fs;.

,e;j khw;wq;fspd; tpisTfs; rpq;fsf;

fiy ,yf;fpaj;Jiwfspy; xU kWkyu;r;

rpia Vw;gLj;jpd. tl fpof;F kf;fsp

ilNaAk; njhw;wp tsu;e;jd. kiyafj;

jpd; r%fr; #o;epiy> nghUshjhuj;

jho;T> murpay; mehij epiy Mfpa

Kk;Kidj; jhf;Fjy; kiyafj;jpd;

Fuy;fis mKf;fp itj;jpUe;jJ. kiy

ehl;ltupd; mtyk; kpFe;j tho;tpaw;

gz;Gfs; rpWfijfshf> ehty;fshf

Nkw;fpsk;gpdntd;whYk; cuj;J xypf;f

tpy;iy.

cuj;J xypf;fhj ,k;kiyaf vOj;Jf;

fs; gw;wp tha;jpwe;J ahUk; Ngrtpy;iy.

,e;j Mjq;fk;> ‘fhyq;fhykhf ehq;

fs; Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl;ltu;fs;jhdh’ vd;

Dk; Mj;jpuk; gbj;j kiyaf ,isQu;

fs; kj;jpapy; gutyhf Vw;gl;bUe;jJ.

,e;j gbj;j kiyafj;jpd; ,isQu;fs;

gy;NtW gFjpfisr; Nru;e;jtu;fshf

,Ue;jhYk;> xUtiu xUtu; Neupy;

re;jpj;Jf; nfhz;lJ$l ,y;iy vd;wh

Yk; Nkw;$wpa Mjq;fKk; Mj;jpuKk;

xU ehd;F tUl fu;g;gthrj;jpd; gpd; xNu

tpjkhd ehbj;Jbg;Gld;> r%f czu;r;

rpg; gputhfj;Jld;> xd;Wgl;l cj;Ntfj;

Jld; 1960k; Mz;lstpy; gPupl;Lf; fpsk;-

gpaJ.

,jd; Kjw;Fuy; fy;fpapy; gupR ngw;W

fy;fpapy; ntspte;j nre;J}udpd; cupik

vq;Nf. mWgJfspy; gpugy;ak;kpf;fjhf

,Ue;j fy;fpg; gj;jpupif ,yq;iff;nfd

elhj;jpa rpWfijg; Nghl;bapy; ,tuJ

cupik vq;Nf rpWfij 3tJ gupR ngw;wJ.

mWgJfspy; Nkw;fpsk;gpa kiyaf

vOj;Jj;Jiwf;Fk;> vOjj; njhlq;fpap

Ue;j Gjpa Gjpa vOj;jhsu;fSf;Fk; jkpo

fg; gj;jpupifahd fy;fp ntspapl;l ,e;jf;

fij kpFe;j cw;rhfj;ijf; nfhLj;jJ.

fz;bia mz;kpj;j fyfhtpy; xU

Njapiyj; Njhl;lj;jpy; 30.08.1936y; gpwe;

jtu; jpUr;nre;J}ud;.

Muk;gfy;tpia kiyafj;jpYk; ,il

epiyf;fy;tpia aho;. ,e;Jf;fy;Y}upap

Yk; ngw;W nrd;id fpwp];jtf; fy;Y}up

apy; gl;lg;gbg;ig Nkw;nfhz;L gl;ljhup

ahdtu;. `l;ld; Gdpj N[hd; ngh];Nfh

fy;Y}upapy; Mrpupauhfg; gzpahw;wj;

njhlq;fpa ,tu; xU ehlfhrpupaUk; $l.

N\f;];gpaupd; xj;Njy;Nyhitj; jkpo;g;

gLj;jp khztu;fSld; ,ize;J fy;

Y}upfspy; NkilNaw;wpaJld; xj;njy;

Nyhthfg; ghj;jpuk; Vw;W ebj;jtu;.

kiyafj;jpd; tpopg;Gzu;Tf;fhfg; ghL

gl;l ,tu; r%f tpku;rdk;kpf;f ehlfq;

fis vOjp kiyafj; Njhl;lq;fspy;

njhlu;e;J NkilNaw;wpdhu;. kiyaf

kf;fspd; tpopg;Gzu;Tf;fhf muq;fpay;

Ml;lq;fis xU gpur;rhuf; fUtpahfg;

gad;gLj;jpdhu;. jhsya ehlfq;fis

newpg;gLj;jpaJld; r%f ehlfq;fis

Ak; newpg;gLj;jpdhu;.

xU ehlfhrpupauhf> ebfuhf> newpah

suhfg; gzpahw;wpa mkuu; jpUr;nre;J}-

ud; mtu;fs; muq;fpay; <LghL kpf;ftu;.

xU fiyg; gl;ljhupahd ,tupd; ,e;j

muq;fpay; <LghL nfhOk;Gg; gy;fiyf;

fofk; 1976y; njhlq;fpa ‘ehlff;fy;tpj;

jifikr;rhd;wpjo;’ ghlnewpapy; ,ize;J

fw;Fk; Mu;tj;ij Vw;gLj;jpaJ.

nfhOk;G tshfj;jpy; ‘ehlfKk; muq;

fpaYk;’ vd;Dk; Jiwapy; gl;l Nkw;gbg;G

bg;Nshkh ngw;Wf;nfhz;lhu;. ,e;jj;

njhopy; Kiw Nju;r;rpapd; %yk; kiyaf

khztu;fSf;F ehlfj;Jiw gapw;rp toq;

Fk; tha;g;G ,tUf;Ff; fpilj;jJ.

kiyafj;jpy; Mlg;gLk; $j;Jf;fspy;

‘mu;r;Rdd; jgR’> ‘nghd;du; rq;fu; fij’>

‘fhkd; $j;J’ Nghd;witfs; Kf;fpakh

dit. mjpYk; ‘fhkd;$j;J’ kpf Kf;fp

akhdJ.

fhkd;$j;J> fhkd; nghl;lypy; fhkd;

fk;gk; Cd;Wjy; vd;W Muk;gpj;J ujpkd;

kjd; jpUkzk;> mijnahl;ba nraw;

ghLfs;> rptngUkhDf;F kd;kjd; kyu;f;

fiz va;jy;> new;wpf;fz; jpwe;J rpt-

ngUkhd; kjid vupj;J tpLk; fhkjf

dk;> gpwF ujp> kd;whb kd;kjdpd; capu;

kPl;ly; vd;W %d;Wehs; njhlf;fk; gj;Jg;

gjpide;J ehl;fs; tiu Mlg;gLk; $j;J

fhkd;$j;J.

kiyafj;jpd; ghuk;gupa ehl;Lf;$j;jhd

ujpkd;kjd; $j;ij> mjd; ghuk;gupa kuG

rpijahky; etPdg;gLj;jp kiyafg; gl;b

dq;fspYk; nfhOk;gpYk; fhkd;$j;ij

Mbf;fhl;ba ngUik nre;J}ud; mtu;

fSf;Fz;L.

khj;jis fhu;j;jpNfR jahupj;j ‘mts;

xU [Pt ejp’ jpiug;glj;jpy; fpwP];Jtg;

ghjpupauhf NtlNkw;W ebj;Js;shu; nre;-

J}ud;.

‘XupU fhl;rpfspNyNa Njhd;wpdhYk;

nre;J}ud; mtu;fsJ ghj;jpuKk; mtuJ

gz;ghd ebg;Gk; gutrg;gLj;JfpwJ’ vd;W

gj;jpupiffs; vOjpapUe;jd.

`l;ld; i`yd;l;]; fy;Y}upapy; jpUr;-

nre;J}ud; MrpupauhfTk; ,uh.rptypq;fk;

mtu;fs; mjpguhfTk; ,Ue;J gzpahw;

wpa ehl;fs; tuyhW gilj;jit.

`l;ld; nrd;. N[hd; ngh];Nfh>

i`yd;l;]; fy;Y}up> khj;jis ghf;fpah

tpj;jpahyak; - gz;lhutis nrd;Nkup];

fy;Y}up Mfpaitfspy; mjpguhf ,Ue;J

khztu;fis r%f czu;thsuhf newpg;

gLj;jpatu; mkuu; nre;J}ud; mtu;fs;.

xU Mrpupauhf> gpwF mjpguhf ,tu;

Nritahw;wpa fhyq;fspy; ,tuhy; cU

thf;fg;gl;l khztu;fs;. gyu; fiy>

,yf;fpak;> fy;tp> murpay; r%f Nrit

vd;W ,e;j kf;fspd; tho;tpaNyhL fye;J

epw;gJ vj;jid kfpo;thdJ.

tp.b.ju;kypq;fk;> gp.kupajh];> vk;.thk-

Njtd;> gp. Kj;ijah> ij. jduh[;>

rp.etul;zk;> K.rptypq;fk;> rhuy;ehld;>

K. fdfuh[;> K. ,uhkypq;fk; vd;W

,d;iwa kiyafk; kwf;fKbahj

vj;jidNah Ngu; jpUthsu;fs; rpt-

ypq;fk; - nre;J}ud; vd;Dk; ,ul;ilf;

fy;tpkhd;fshy; nrJf;fg;gl;ltu;fs;.

kiyehl;L vOj;jhsu; kd;wj;jpd; Muk;

gfhyj; jiytuhfg; gzpahw;wpatu;

,tu;. tPuNfrupapd; Mrpupau; FOtpy;

gzpahw;wpa mkuu; fhu;Nkfk; mtu;fspd;

Kay;Tld; tPuNfrupAk; kiyehl;L vOj;

jhsu; kd;wKk; ,ize;J elj;jpa Kjy;

rpWfijg; Nghl;bf;fhd eLtu; FOtpy;

xUtuhfg; gzpahw;wp ,Uf;fpd;whu;.

cupik vq;Nf> eLf;flypy;> rhkpf;

fld;> Nghd;w ,tUila rpWfijfs;

Kf;fpakhdit.

Mrpupag; gzpapypUe;J tpyfp r%f

Nrit epiyaj;jpy; KONeuj; njhz;l

dhfj; jd;id <LgLj;jpf;nfhz;lhu;.

1983d; ,yq;if ,df;fytuk; ,tiu

jkpofk; Nehf;fp tpul;baJ. ,tu; jkpo

fk; nrd;wNghJ ,yq;if ,e;jpa xg;ge;

jq;fs; %yk; jhafk; jpUk;gpNahu; rpNyhd;

fhuu;fshfTk; - ,df;fytuq;fshy; Gyk;

ngau;e;tju;fs; mfjpfshfTk; jhafj;

jpy; miyf;fopf;fg;gl;L> Ntjid Jd;gk;

Jauk; vd;W fplf;Fk; epiyfz;L kf;

fs; kWtho;T kd;wk; mikj;J muRld;

Ngr;Rthu;j;ijapy; <Lgl;L ciof;fj;

njhlq;fpdhu;.

ePyfpup khtl;lj;jpd; Nfhj;jfpup> Fd;-

D}u;> Cl;b vd;W jhafk; jpUk;gpNahu;

Njapiy kiyfspy; kWgbAk; njhop

yhsu;fsha; Jau;kpF tho;T elj;jpdhu;.

mk;kf;fspd; tpbTf;fhfg; gzpahw;w

kPz;Lk; rptypq;fk; - nre;J}ud; mq;Fk;

,ize;jdu;.

jhafk; jpUk;gpa kiyaf kf;fSf;fhf

mtu;fspd; cupikfSf;fhf> tWik

ePf;fj;Jf;fhfg; Nghuhba nre;J}ud; mtu;

fs; 31.03.2001y; jpUr;rpapy; mkuu; Mdhu;.

kiyaf tuyhW kwf;fKbahj xU

kfh kdpju; mkuu;

nre;J}ud; mtu;fs;.

- njsptj;ij N[hrg; -

theliwathai.joseph@thaiveedu.com

114

kwf;f Kbahj kdpju; jpUr;nre;J}ud;