1 4 pejanovic 3g opti
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ON OPTIMIZATION OF 3G CELLULAR
SYSTEMS DEPLOYMENT
Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic
University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Yugoslavia
E-mail: [email protected]
ITU IMT-2000 Seminar
Warsaw, October 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 2
EVOLUTION OF CELLULAR SYSTEMS
'80s '90s '2000s
Initial stage Growing stage Expansion stage Matured stage
AMPS, NMT, NTT...(1st generation)
GSM, PDC, IS-95(2nd generation)
DIGITAL
(3rd generation)
IMT-2000 4th-
generation
Mobile
Data
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 3
WORLDWIDE DISTRIBUTION OF CELLULAR STANDARDS
Europe
RMTS RC2000 C450 NMT900E
TACS
GSM
NMT450
NMT450i
TACS
AMPS
DAMPSIS-54 CDMAIS-95 PDC
GPRS
HSCSD
EDGE
DCSI800 USDC
PCS1900
PCSUWC-136
PHS
NAMTS
UMTS
IMT-2000
Under standardization
?
3G
3+G
2+G
2G
Digital
Analog (1G)
US Japan
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 4
DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN WIRELESS STANDARDS
N-ISDN B-ISDN Optical fiber networks Gigabit-net
2000 2010 2020Mobility
Vehicle
Pedestrian
Office
10k 2M 50M 155Mb/s 600Mb/s
ITSHAPS
Milli-waveLAN
WirelessAccess
IMT-2000
GSMPDC
PHS
2nd
Generation
3rd
Generation
4th
Generation
5th
Generation
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 5
TARGETED FEATURES OF 3G NETWORKS
3G networks should provide access, by means of one or more radio links, to a widerange of telecommunications services supported by the fixed telecommunication
networks (e.g. PSTN/ISDN/IP), and to other services which are specific to mobile
users.
Key features of such wireless cellular systems should be: high degree of commonality of design world-wide;
compatibility of services within 3G standards and with the fixed networks;
high quality;
small terminal for world-wide use;
world-wide roaming capability; capability for multimedia applications, and a wide range of services and terminals;
support of a limited number of different radio interface technologies within
the 3G family.
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 6
COMPARISON OF 2G AND 3G CELLULAR SYSTEMS
System AspectsExisting 2 G
Mobile Systems
New 3 G
IMT-2000 SystemsUse of digital technology Already used for modulation, speech and
channel coding as well as implementation
and control of data channels
Increased use of digital technologies
Commonality between
different operating
environments
Each systems is primarily optimised for
its specific operating environment
Optimisation of radio interfaces for
multiple operating environments
such as vehicular, pedestrian, intro-
office, fixed wireless access and
satellite, via a single flexible orscalable radio interface.
Frequency bands Operate in frequency bands ranging from
800 MHz to 1.9 GHz, depending on the
country
Use a common global frequency
band
Data services Limited to data rates below 115 kb/s(WAP-GRPS-SMS)
Transmission speeds up to 2 Mb/s
Roaming Generally limited to specific regions,
Handsets not compatible between
different systems
Global frequency coordination and
ITU standards will provide true
global roaming and equipment
compatibility
Technology Spectrum efficiency, cost and flexibility
limited by technology in use at time of
system design
Spectrum efficiency, flexibility and
overall costs all significantly
improved.
Radio interfaces TDMA, CDMA W-CDMA
Data speed 9.6 kb/s with evolution up to 171.2 kb/s
(2.5 G)
144 kb/s 2 Mb/s
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 7
LAYERED ARCHITECTURE OF 3G NETWORKS
Service and applications
ServiceApplications
Applications
Supportservers
Supportservers
HLR
AAAH
MSCserver
GW/MSCserver
PSTN/ISDN
Internet/Intranet
Wirelessaccess
MGW/
PDSN
MGW
Router
Control
Connectivity
User data
Control
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 8
OVERVIEW OF 3G STANDARDIZATION BODIES
ITU
IMT-2000
ITU-R
Radio aspects
ITU-T
Network aspects
Ongoing
Collaboration
3 GPP
WCDMA + GSM
Others:
UWC - 136
DECT
TD-CDMA
3 GPP2
cdma2000 + ANSI-41
Operators Harmonization
Group
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 9
OPERATORS HARMONIZATION AGREEMENT
On optimization of 3Gcellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
Radio access
- family of 3G
CDMAmodes
Core network
- family of 3G
systems
Core network
- 3G inter-family
roaming
FDD mode 1
direct sequence
FDD mode 2
multicarrierTDD mode
WCDMA cdma2000 Unpaired spectrum
Evolved
GSM/MAP
Evolved
ANSI-41
Network-to-network
interface
Flexible connection between RTT
modes and core networks based on
operators' needs
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 10
3G RADIO INTERFACE STANDARDIZATION
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Europe
Japan
US
W-TDMA
TD-CDMA
W-CDMA
FDD:W-CDMA
TDD:TD-CDMA
W-CDMA
UMTS/W-CDMA
CDMA
TDMA
Wideband Cdma 2000
UWC - 136
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 11
IMT-2000 TERRESTRIAL RADIO INTERFACES
IMT - 2000
IMT-DS IMT-MC IMT-TC IMT-SC IMT-FT
CDMA TDMA FDMA
IMT-DS (Direct Spread)=W-CDMA (FDD)IMT-MC (Multi Carrier)=cdma 2000
IMT-TC (Time-Code)=UMTS TDD, TD-SCDMA
IMT-SC (Single Carrier)=UWC-136
IMT-FT (Frequency Time)=DECT
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 12
MIGRATION SCENARIOS TOWARDS 3G NETWORKS
TDMA
2G
GSM
CDMA one
IS-136B/HS
GPRS
EDGE
GPRS
HSCSD
UMTS
CDMA 2000
2.5G
IS-95B
UWC-136
EGPRS
3GPPECSD
OHGTD-CDMA
3GPP2IMT2000
1 EXTREME
HDRIS-95
3G
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 13
EVOLUTION OF THE IS-95 AIR STANDARD
IS-95-A
Standardized by Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) in July 1993.
Networks utilizing IS-95 CDMA air interface and ANSI-41 network protocol are
branded as cdmaOne networks. IS-95 networks use one or more 1.25MHz carriers,
operate on 800 and 1900MHz bands. Data rates of up to 14.4kb/s and soft handoffs
are supported.
IS-95-B Improvements for hard-handoff algorithms in multicarrier environments and in
parameters that affect the control of soft handoffs. Higher data rates of up to
115kb/s can be supported by bundling up to eight 14.4 or 9.6 kb/s data channels.
Cdma2000 Developed to support 3G services. This standard is divided into two phases:
Cdma2000 1X 1X stands for standard carrier (1.25MHz) at air interface. It delivers
twice the voice capacity of cdmaOne with average data rates of 144kb/s.
Cdma2000 3X 3X stands to signify 3x1.25MHz with data rates of up to 2Mb/s
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 14
TIMELINE FOR EVOLVING CDMA TO 3G CAPABILITIES
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
Layered
architecture
High-speed data
International roaming
Advanced voice/dataservices
mobile IP/secure data
Efficient data delivery
Advanced user features
High reliability
Capacity and coverage
expansion
Low cost
4Q99 2Q00 1H01 2H02 2H03
IOS BSS
Jambala WAP
and HLR IWF
MSC
cdma 2000 1x
RBS 3G BSC
PCN
cdma2000 3X/
DS-41 RBS
Media gateways
MSC servers
ATM switches
IP routers
ATM and IP
backbone
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 15
EVOLUTION OF THE TDMA AIR STANDARD
TDMA (TIA/EIA-136)
This standard includes EIA-553 and IS-54 systems
IS-136HS
For satisfying requirements for IMT-2000, the Universal Wireless Communication
Consortium (UWCC) proposed the 136 High-Speed (136HS) radio interface.
EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution)
In January 1998, UWCC adopted EDGE as outdoor component of 136HS. EDGE
was thus included in UWC-136 IMT-2000 proposal. It provides 384 kb/s data
services and comprises two phases:
Phase I emphasizes enhanced GPRS (EGPRS) and enhanced circuit-switched data(ECSD)
Phase II is defined to include improvements for multimedia and real-time support
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 16
Model for an EGPRS/136 network integrated into a TIA/EIA-136 circuit-
switched network through an SGSN gateway MSC/VLR
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
Other PLMN
PDN
TE MT BSS SGSN GGSN
SGSN
EIR
TE
GPRS
HLR
SMS-GMSC
SMS-IWMSC
SM-SC
SMEANSI-41MC/OTAF
ANSI-41Gateway
MSC/VLR
ANSI-41Serving
MSC/VLR
ANSI-41
HLR/AC
GGSN
Signaling interface
Signaling and
data-transferinterface
Gn
Gp
GfGn Gi
GbUmR
Gs
Gr
Gc
Gd
C
M
N
Q
C-D
E
C-D
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 17
EVOLUTION OF THE GSM AIR STANDARD
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)
GSM + standard
Enables packet mode extensions to GSM using the same air interface but with a
new physical channel. It could be done through the following three possibilities:
HSCSD (High Speed Circuit Switched Data Service)
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) (and EGPRS)
EDGE
UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System)
European version of IMT-2000 which is composed of a core network (CN)
connected with interface (Iu) to the radio access network called the UMTS
Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN). This standard supports W-CDMA in
two versions:FDD (frequency-division duplex) and TDD (time-division duplex).
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 18
GPRS ARCHITECTURE
BTS
BSC
MSC
BTS
BTS
BSC
SGSN GGSN
Other PLMN PDN
GR
MS
MS
MS
Radio Subsystem
Base Station SubsystemBSS
Radio Interface Abis - Interface
Gb - Interface
Switching Subsystem
Gs - Interface
Gr - Interface
Gn - Interface
Gp - Interface
Gj - Interface
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
SSGR Serving GPRS Support Node
GGSN- Gateway GPRS Support Node
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 19
COMPARISON OF GSM + STANDARDS
++ Top speed
-- Extensive HW-upgrade
Urban,
mostly stationaryExtensivePS+CS384EDGE
++ Being online
permanently
++ Charging based on
volume
Mostly urban,
mobile and
stationary
YesPS115GPRS
+ Available now
- Expensive for subscriber
Rural and urban,
mobile and
stationary
NoCS57.6HSCSD
Pros and Cons
Typical
Application
Environment
HW-Upgrade
Required?
Circuit-switched
packet-switched
Max.
Bandwidth
(kbit/s)
Name
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 20
UMTS (3GPP) ARCHITECTURE RELEASE 99 (R3)
This release supports WCDMA access and ATM-based transport
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
Core net
STM
IP
E-SGSN E-GGSN
HLR
E-VMSC E-GMSC
Packet domain
Circuit domain
GSMRSS
UTRAN
MS
Transport
Control
Um
Radio
Uu
Gb
lu-cs
lu-ps
A
Gi
IP
PSTN ISDN
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 21
UTRAN ARCHITECTURE
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
UTRAN UMTS Terrestrial Radio AccessNetwork
RNS Radio Network Subsystems
RNC- Radio Network Controller
SRNC
CRNC
Node B Node B Node B
RNS
Iub Iub
UE
DRNC
CRNC
Node B Node B Node B
RNS
CN
Iu Iu
Iur
Iub Iub
Uu
Uu
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 22
UMTS R3 is composed of the UTRAN attached to two separate corenetwork domains:
Circuit switched domain based on enhanced GSM MSCs consists of the
following network elements:
2G/3G mobile-services switching center including the VLR functionality
HLR with AC (Authentication Center) functionality
Packet switched domain built on enhanced GPRS support nodes consists of:
2G/3G serving GPRS support node with subscriber location register
(SGR) functionality
Gateway GPRS support node (GGSN) Border gateway
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 23
UMTS (3GPP) ARCHITECTURE RELEASE 00It is split into R4 (00) and R5(00+) defining two RAN technologies:
GPRS/EDGE radio access network (GERAN) and W-CDMA as in R3
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
TE MT GERANR Um
TE MT UTRANR Uu
SGSN
MGW
MSC server
lu2
lu1
lu
lu-ps
GGSN
MGW
GMSCserver
Nc
Nb
Gn
Mc
T-SGW
PSTN/ Legacy/
Externat
PDN/ Internet
Gi
Other PLMN
Alternative Access
Network
Applications &
Services*)
Legacy mobile
signalling Network
Multimedia IP
Networks
GGSN
SGSN
SCP
HSS*)CSCF
MRF
MGCF T-SGW*)
Mg
Mm
Gi
Mr
GrGi
GpGn
CAPCx
R-SGW*)
Ms
lu1=lucs(RTP,AAL2)
lu2=lu(RANAP)
Signalling interface
Signalling and Data Transfer interface
*) those elements are duplicated for figure layout purpose only,
they belong to the same logical element in the reference model
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 24
EVOLUTION PATHS FOR MIGRATION TO UMTS R5
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
E-MPSN
CSCF
MRF
MGCF
MGW
MGW
E-GGSNE-SGSN
MGW
VMSC serverGMSC server
UTRAN
lu-ps
lu-ps
lu-cs
Gi
Gi
IP
VoIP/VoATM
IP
IP
PSTN/ISDN
R5 introduces All-IP environment including:
Transport: utilization of the IP transport and connectivitywith QoS throughout the network
End-user services: with Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)possibilities to offer wide range of totally new services
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 25
GSM MIGRATION PHASES
2G 2.5G 3G R99(R3) 3G R00 (R4) 3GR00+ (R5)
GSM
MAP
GPRS
MAP
UTRANW-CDMA
CORE
PS Domain - DataCS Domain - Voice
IP RAN
MSC split un Serverand Gateway
CAMEL Ph3
SS7 over IPIP Multimedia servicesNew entities in the Core
SIP Call ModelCAMEL Ph4
Phase 1 - GSM CS Voice and Data
Phase 2 - GPRS Overlay Network
Phase 3 - UMTS R99Phase 4 - All IP UMTS R00
Phase 5 - IP Multi-media (IM)
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 26
MIGRATION OF GSM TO UMTS
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
GSM Phase 2 GSM Phase 2+ UMTS
Multiple access FDMA/TDMA FDMA/TDMA TDMA/CDMA
Max. bit arte 9.6 kbit/s 64 kb/s; 115kb/s 384 kb/s; 2 Mb/s
Speech
quality
Full rate (FR) Enhanced full rate (EFR), transcoder
free operation (TFO)
Adaptive multirate (AMR)
Capacity 900 MHz Tri-band (900, 1800, 1900 MHz) 2000MHz, spectrum efficiency
Roaming International roaming Global roamingSeamless global roaming in
multiradio environments and
applications areas
Security
Authentication, encryption Fraud information gathering, SS7
security, lawful interception (LI)
Enhanced authentication and
user identity confidentiality,
network domain security
Bearers Circuit-switched bearers 64 kbit/s circuit bearer, packet bearers byGeneral Packet Radio Service (GPRS)
Circuit- and packet-switched
bearers, real-time packet bearer
Services
Speech and low-speed circuit-
switched data, supplementary
services, short message
service
Service customization, service
portability, value-added services, mobile
Internet access, and Web-like
information service
Full Internet capability, speech,
data, multimedia, virtual home
environment (VHE)
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 27
DEPLOYMENT STRATEGIES FOR 3G SYSTEMS
When choosing an adequate approach in 3G systems deployment, the
following elements have to be considered:
network type (private-public), coverage (local-global),
mobility (low-high),
data traffic (low-high),
types of services (basic-multimedia).
Thus, two approaches may be identified:
Scenario 1 innovative, applied through implementation of the
completely new 3G networkScenario 2 evolutionary, applied through migration (upgrade) of
already existing 2G or 2G+ network
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 28
DEPLOYMENT SCENARIO No.1
In this type of scenario the following versions may appear:
! SCENARIO No.1(a): All-round3G network is implemented where no 2G network exists both in terms ofdeployment area and the transmission rate
!
SCENARIO No.1(b): Complement3G network is implemented in the region with already existing 2G network(s)in a way that it could be:
Area-complement 3G covers the whole range of the transmissionrate and is located in the position not covered by 2G networks in the
terms of the deployment area Rate-complement 3G covers the whole range of the deployment
area and is located in the position not covered by 2G networks in termsof the transmission rate.
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 29
COMPARISON OF SCENARIOS No.1(a) AND No.1(b)
All-round-type
scenario
Complement-
type scenarios
Transmission bit rate From lower to higher
rates
Higher rate
Mobility From static to
cellular mobility
Cellular mobility
Deployment Area From pico to macro
cells
Micro and macro
cells
Network interface If necessary Indispensable
System roaming If necessary Indispensable
Radio interface Single Multiple
Mobile terminal mode Single Multiple
Security Whole system Core network
Billing/charging Unified system Multiple systems
Core network Customized Transparent
Service provider Single Multiple
2G, 3G and other
mobile systems
Overlap Complement
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
O i i i f 3G ll l d l ITU IMT 2000 S i W O b 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 30
DEPLOYMENT SCENARIO No.2
There are two possible ways for mobile operators to migrate from 2G
(2G+) to 3G:
! Scenario No.2(a): Existing 2G or 2G+ core network could be upgradedfor 3G use. In this case 2G and 3G networks share
the same core infrastructure.
! Scenario No.2(b): Independent 3G core network could be implementedcompletely independent from the existing 2G core
infrastructure.
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
O ti i ti f 3G ll l t d l t ITU IMT 2000 S i W O t b 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 31
SCENARIO No.2 (a) COMMON CORE NETWORK FOR 2G AND 3G
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
BTS
UMTS
BS
UMTSBS
UMTS
RNCUMTS TE
BTS
GSM
BTS
GSMBTS
GSM
BSCGSM/GPRSTE
BTS
GSM
BTS
GSM
BTS
GSM
BSC
GSM TE
Iub
Abis
Abis
MSC/VLR
SGSN
GGSN
Camel
HLR
ISDN
Internet
Internet
RAN Subsystem CN Subsystem
Gn
A
Gb
AIu
Iu
ISUP
Gi
Map
Map
IN Platform
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT 2000 Seminar Warsaw October 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 32
SCENARIO No.2 (b) INDEPENDENT 2G AND 3G CORE NETWORKS
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
BTS
UMTS
BS
UMTS
BS
UMTSRNCUMTS TE
BTS
GSM
BTS
GSM
BTS
GSMBSCGSM/GPRS
TE
BTS
GSM
BTS
GSM
BTS
GSMBSC
GSM TE
Iub
Abis
Abis
2G MSC/VLR
2G SGSNGGSN
Camel
HLR
ISDN
Internet
Internet
RAN Subsystem CN Subsystem
GnA
Gb
A
Iu
Iu
ISUP
GiMap
3G MSC/VLR
3G SGSN
ISUP
Gn
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT 2000 Seminar Warsaw October 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 33
IMPACTS OF SCENARIOS No.2 ON EXISTING 2G NETWORKS
SCENARIO No.2(a): Re-dimension of the existing core network to be able to support 3G broadband
services
Optimize transmission network for a suitable traffic mix
Network management system
SCENARIO No.2(b):
2G and 3G networks have minimum impact on each other
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar Warsaw October 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 34
OPTIMAL SCENARIO No.2 IMPLEMENTATION
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
Deploy fully switched
Virtual Transit Network
with SS7 interworking
Deploy GPRS
Network
Deploy IP Core
Migrate InternalIT infrastructureDeploy 3G
Access & CoreCommon IP Core
Network for voice&data
services
Common Core Based on
MPLS
Voice (Existing GSM Network) Data
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar Warsaw October 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 35
Abbreviations
3GPP - Third generation partnership project
AAA - Authentication, authorization and accounting
AC - Authentication center
AMPS - Advanced mobile phone service
ANSI - American National Standards Institute
ATM - Asynchronous transfer mode
BSC - Base station controller
BSS - Base station subsystem
BTS - Base transceiver station
CDMA - Code division multiple access
CN - Core network
CSCF - Call state control function
CRNC - Controlling part of RNC
DECT - Digital Enhanced Cordless Telephone system
DRNC - Drift RNC
EGPRS- Enhanced GPRS
EIR - Equipment identification register
E-SGSN- Enhanced SGSN
E-GGSN-Enhanced GGSN
E-VMSC-Enhanced visited MSC
E-MPSN- Enhanced mobile packet service node
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT 2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 36
Abbreviations
FDD - Frequency division duplex
GERAN- GPRS radio access network
GGSN - Gateway GPRS support node
GMSC - Gateway MSC
GPRS - General packet radio service
GSM - Global system for mobile communication
HLR - Home location register
HSCSD- High-speed circuit switched data service
IP - Internet protocol
IWF - Interworking function
IWMSC- Interworking MSC
MAP - Mobile application part
MGW - Media gateway
MGCF - Media gateway control function
MPLS - Multi protocol label switching
MS - Mobile subscriber
MT - Mobile terminal
PDC - Personal digital cellular system
PDSN - Packet data service node
PHS - Personal handyphone system
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT 2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
On optimization of 3G cellular systems deployment ITU IMT-2000 Seminar, Warsaw, October 2001
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Prof.dr Milica Pejanovic, University of Montenegro,Montenegro-Yugoslavia 37
Abbreviations
RAN - Radio access network
RNC - Radio network controller
RNS - Radio network subsystem
SCP - Service control point
SGSN - Serving GPRS support node SIP - Session initiation protocol
SMS - Short message service
SRNC - Serving RNC
STM - Synchronous transfer mode
TDD - Time division duplex TDMA - Time division multiple access
TE - Terminal equipment
UE - User equipment
UMTS - Universal mobile telecommunication system
UTRAN-UMTS terrestrial radio access
UWC - Universal wireless communication system
VLR - Visitor location register
WAP - Wireless application protocol
WCDMA-Wideband CDMA
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