1. blank-filling 2. the american educational system 3. background music before reading_main before...
Post on 19-Dec-2015
214 views
TRANSCRIPT
1. Blank-filling
2. The American Educational System
3. Background Music
Before Reading_Main
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
4. Warm-up Questions
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Blank-filling
Industrial Engineering ( 工业管理 ) and Industrial Engineers
Listen to the information and fill in the blanks by using the background information you have just heard.
Directions:
Industrial engineering is the detailed analysis of the use and the cost of , and in an organization, with a view to increasing its , and . Those who are involved in this kind of analysis are called .
men____ material_______ equipment _________productivity_________ profit_____ efficiency________
industrial engineers________________
Engineers can be classified into many types, such as engineer, engineer, engineer and engineer.
construction__________production_________ design______ industrial________
An industrial engineer’s duties are to coordinate personnel, and and to determine the most and use of each. He helps plan the production and designs or adapts details essential to the manufacturing of a .
materials________machinery_________ productive_________ efficient_______
line___product______ ■
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
The American Educational System
In the United States, education is the responsibility of individual states, not of the federal government, so requirements may vary from one state to another. The following is a generalization:
Kindergarten: before 5 years old
Elementary school: 6-11 years old (Grades 1~6)
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
The American Educational System
Junior middle school: 12-13 years old (Grades 7~8)
Senior middle school: 14-17 years old (Grades 9~12)
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
The American Educational System
College: 4 years for a B.A. or B.S. degree
University: 2~3 years for an M.A. or M.S.; 2~8 years for an Ph.D.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Background Music
■
Background music is music which is played quietly yet audibly. Such music is soothing with a relaxed rhythm and is often played with a reduced volume. It permits a person to continue shopping, working or talking without being distracted. Muzak is the name of one of the earliest companies to produce this type of music.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Warm-up Questions
1.
2.
3.
Do you think it a good habit for a person to arrange everything in order in his daily life? Why or why not?Who does best in your family to keep your house clean and tidy? Say something in detail about it.Do you think the habit of keeping everything in order will benefit one’s future work? Why or why not?
1. Part Division of the Text
2. Further Understanding
For Parts 1~2 True or False
For Part 3 Discussion
For Part 4 Role Play
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Part Division of the Text
Main IdeaLinesPart
1 1 — 12
2 13 — 20
3 21 — 38
When a boy, Sam was the “efficient expert” for the family.
When a graduate, Sam was asked to work as a “consultant” in a shirt factory.
Sam was greatly surprised by the degree of disorder.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
4 39 — 56Sam put forward some suggestions for the improvement of production and was rewarded by the boss.
T
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
True or False
1. Sam liked neatness in his childhood.
F( )
Sam used to organize his father’s tools.
2. Like Sam, Sam’s father would put his tools in order.
( )
3. His mother’s instruction laid a good foundation for Sam to be an efficient industrial engineer. F( )
The qualities Sam had when he was young gave him a good foundation.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
4. Sam said that he was modest enough to take others’ advice. F( )
He was a bit bossy.
5. Mr. Hobbs owned a small and efficient factory. F( )
The factory was small but inefficient.
6. Sam attended a university in a small town in India. F( )
His hometown was in a small town in Indiana.
7. After graduation Sam worked as an advisor for a small factory for a short time.
T( )
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Discussion
What are the problems of the factory?What are the solutions to the problems suggested by Sam Adams?Other suggestions (cures).
Discuss the following questions and fill in the table.Directions:
1.2.3.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Problems Solutions/Suggestions
1. Shirts are often missing buttons, collars or even sleeves.
A. Mr. Hobbs himself should check the boxes of shirts before shipment.
B. quality control
2. The working tables are high and uncomfortable.
The working tables should be redesigned.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Problems Solutions/Suggestions
3. The walls of the workroom are a dull gray color; there are no breaks in the day; there is no music; the workers easily get bored.
A. provide background music B. beautify the dull settingC. have a 15-minute break
4. The work flow is irregular; some young workers do not work hard enough; some even daydream while working.
A. Those who do not work hard should be fired.B. assembly line redesignedC. pay increaseD. promotion
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Role Play
Sam gives a report on his findings and his suggestions to improve the production.Mr. Hobbs thanks Sam and gives him some rewards.
Directions: Form a group of two students. One student plays as Sam, the other Mr. Hobbs. The role play should cover the following points:
1.
2.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Sam set out to improve efficiency at the shirt factory but, as we find out later in this unit, his plans turned out not quite as he had expected.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she’ll tell you that I have always been one.
She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends. I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.
SentenceSentence WordWord
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings. I covered my major points by telling him the following:
“If you have a quality control inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.”
“If the assembly line is redesigned, a smooth work flow can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.”
“If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.”
“If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.”
“If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon, they will be more efficient.”
“If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce.”
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Mr. Hobbs thanked me for this report and told me he would talk over my suggestions with his brother, the co-owner and manager of the factory. “We’re interested in progress here,” he said. “We want to keep up with the times.”
He also gave me a check for $ 100 and a box of shirts with his compliments.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she’ll tell you that I have always been one.
She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends. I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she’ll tell you that I have always been one.
She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends. I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Paraphrase this sentence.
If you ask my mother how I chanced to be / how it came about that I became an industrial engineer, she’ll tell you that I was a “born” industrial engineer.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she’ll tell you that I have always been one.
She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends. I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.
SentenceSentence WordWord
What is the function of this phrase?
This is a past participle used to modify the word “pants”.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she’ll tell you that I have always been one.
She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends. I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.
SentenceSentence WordWord
What can we infer from this part?
(1) His father and mother were not good at putting things in order.
(2) His sister was pretty and had so many boyfriends that she didn’t know how to deal with them.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she’ll tell you that I have always been one.
She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends. I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.
SentenceSentence WordWord
happen to: chance; take place
SS
SS
你是怎么成为导游的？
I happened to be out when she called.
TT How did you happen to be a tourist guide?
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she’ll tell you that I have always been one.
She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends. I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.
SentenceSentence WordWord
neat: adj.
SS Zola always keeps her kitchen neat and tidy.
SS
SS
The old man was neat about his dress though he was not rich.
In the end we found a very neat solution to the problem.
1) clean and tidy, orderly
2) economical with time and effort; skilful; efficient
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she’ll tell you that I have always been one.
She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends. I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.
SentenceSentence WordWord
CF: neat, tidy, & orderly这些形容词均含“整齐的，整洁的”之意。
neat 指人或物外表既清洁又整齐。例如：
他穿的衣服总是又整洁又干净。His clothes were always neat and clean.
TT
SS
tidy 强调整齐，井然有序。例如：
orderly 语义比上述几个词强，最常用。指把复杂细微的东西按其内在联 系安排整齐，强调井井有条。例如：
安德鲁的房间总是整整齐齐的。Andrew's apartment is always so tidy.
TT
SS
她需要以更有条理的方法组织自己的思想。She needs to organize her ideas in a more orderly way.
TT
SS
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she’ll tell you that I have always been one.
She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends. I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.
SentenceSentence WordWord
efficiency expert: a very efficient personNB: 本词组是一个“名词 + 名词”的名词定语结构。在这种结构中，两个名
词无所属关系；并且第一个名词通常起相当于逻辑宾语作用，而主体名词通常起相当于逻辑主语的作用。例如： a book case (= a case that holds books) 。本课中，作者用了很多这种结构，例如： kitchen utensils ，shirt factory ， quality control ， work flow ， assembly line ，machine operators ， background music ， coffee break ， math class 等。
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she’ll tell you that I have always been one.
She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends. I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.
SentenceSentence WordWord
foundation: n. basis
SS The earthquake shook the foundations of the house.
SS
SS
工人们正在给房子打地基。
Thomas Jefferson laid the foundation of the U. S. A.
TT The workers are building the foundation of a house.
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she’ll tell you that I have always been one.
She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer. In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends. I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Collocation: be without foundation (or have no foundation) 毫无根据
lay the foundations of 为…奠定基础
shake/rock the foundations of sth. (or shake/rock sth. to its foundations) 动摇…的基础
CF: foundation, basis, base, & ground这些名词均含有“基础”之意。
foundation 用于具体意义时，指坚固结实的建筑物的基础或地基；用作 比喻意义时，与 basis 基本相同。base 指构成或支撑某一具体物体的基础，也可指军事基地或用作比喻意义。basis 主要用作抽象或引申意义。ground 含义与 basis 和 foundation 接近。一般指某种决定、论点或关系的基 础，也可指某种原因的基础。
Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
If you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she’ll tell you that I have always been one.
She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer. In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends. I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.
Directions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
The of his opinion is something he read in the
paper.
The earthquake shook the of the house.
Then I went to work at the Alameda naval air , as a
machinist's helper.
The for his decision were never clearly stated.
basis_____
foundations__________
base_____
grounds_______
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
Translate this sentence into Chinese.
遗憾的是，我这个人也有点专横，不太善于听取别人的意见。
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
How many clauses are there in this sentence?
There are four clauses. They are: (1) what I mean, (2) when I tell you about the first project, (3) (project) I ever did, (4) after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
Paraphrase this sentence.
Mr. Hobbs was worried that his factory was growing too big and was not as efficient as it should be, so he asked me to work as an industrial engineer in his factory for a short period of time.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
Is he happy about what he saw?
No, everything he saw in the factory made him really surprised.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
Translate this sentence into Chinese.
最为奇怪的是，厂里竟然没有任何质量控制。
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
come in: have or find a place; have a part to play
SS 我很了解这个计划，但我不知道我能在制衣厂起什么作用。
SS 她在一百米赛跑中获第二。
TT I understand the plan perfectly; but I don't see where I come in at this shirt factory.
TT She came in second in the hundred-meter dash.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
NB: 在英语中 come 是个常用语，它与副词或介词连用构成新的词组，详见下面的词组：
come out 被刊登，被出版
come round 苏醒过来，（病人）复元
come through 经历
come to 共计；达成
come upon 突然产生（想法等）
come up to 达到；符合
come up with 赶上；提供
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
look around/round: walk round a place and examine it; examine the state of affairs
SS The speaker finished her speech and looked round to see if there were any questions.
SS 他到处跑，要找一个出租房。
TT He looked around for a house to rent.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
NB: 在英语中 look 是个常用语，它与副词或介词连用构成新的词组，详见下面的词组：
look back 回顾
look down on / upon 看不起，轻视
look for 寻找；期待
look forward to 盼望
look into 观察；调查
look on 旁观
look out 留神；提防
look over 察看；检查
look through 看穿；仔细查看
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
be amazed at / by: be greatly surprised at / by
SS We were absolutely amazed at his rapid recovery.
SS 她对你告诉她的事感到吃惊。
TT She is amazed by what you have told her.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
whatsoever:
SS Anyone seen carrying bags, boxes, or whatsoever, was stopped by the police.
SS Whatsoever she does is ridiculous.
pron. anything (else) like that; no matter what
adv. at all
SS 我没有任何理由怀疑他说的一切。
TT I have no reason whatsoever to doubt what he says.
SS I can honestly say that I have no interest whatsoever in the royal family.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
inspect: vt. examine
SS I got out of the car to inspect the damage.
SS 海关官员颇为怀疑地检查了我的护照。
TT The customs officer inspected my passport suspiciously.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
CF: inspect, examine & investigate这些动词都有“调查、检查”之意。
inspect 侧重按一定质量标准检查某物，找出不足或不同之处。examine 最普通用词，可指粗略地查看，也可指仔细观察或调查以确定事 物的性质、功能、特点等。investigate 指为发现事实真相或了解掌握情况而进行深入细致的现场考察。
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.
Directions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
The study the impact of violent TV
programming on children.
I got out of the car to the damage.
The research the effects of alcohol on long-
term memory.
She held the bank note up to the light and it
carefully.
investigates__________
inspect______
examined________
inspected________
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
miss: v.1) lack
SS She missed two weeks’ class as she fell ill.
TT Our team is missing a guard.
SS 我们小队少一个向导。
2) fail to see, hit, hold, catch, reach, etc.
TT The bullet narrowly missed her heart.
SS 子弹差一点打中她的心脏。
SS Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
3) regret that a person or thing is not present
TTI really missed her when she went away.
SS 在她离开时，我真的很想念她。
SentenceSentence WordWord
Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn’t a very good listener. You’ll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor’s degree at the university.
After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn’t have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father’s, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.
I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!
Collocation:
miss a chance/opportunity 错过机会
miss an appointment 失约
miss one’s footing 失足，踏空
miss the point 没有领会
miss the boat 坐失良机，错过机会
miss the mark 没有达到预期的结果
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
What does the sentence mean?
He worked so slowly that the shirts were delayed when they came to his position.
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
except for: apart from; with the exception of
SS The carpet is good except for its price.
SS 除了看门人以外，那房子空荡荡的。
TT The house is deserted, except for the keeper.
CF: except, except for & besides 这些前置词或短语均含“除…之外”之意。
except 侧重于排除在外，从整体里减去。except for 多用于说明基本情况或对主要部分加以肯定，还引出相反的原 因或细节，从而部分地修正前面的主要意思，含惋惜意味。 besides 指在总体之外另加部分或个体，“除…外，还有…”。
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.
Directions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Do you play any other sports football and
basketball?
She felt fine being a little tired.
People choose jobs for other reasons money.
I finished all the questions the second one.
one or two cars, the street was empty.
besides_______
except for________besides_______
except______
Except for________
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
relieve: v. make less or easier
SS We were relieved to hear the news.
SS 这一针能止痛。
TT The injection can relieve the pain.
SS 医生的解释解除了我的担心。
TT The doctor’s explanation relieved me of my fears.
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
boring: adj. dull, uninteresting
SSI thought the party was really boring.
SS 那堂课很单调沉闷，学生们都无精打采。
TT The lesson was boring and the students were bored by it.
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
dull: adj.
SS Some of the students found the campus routine a little dull.
SS 会议开得死气沉沉的。
TT The conference was deadly dull.
1) boring
2) not bright or clear
SS Jane’s hair was a dull, darkish brown.
3) slow in understanding; stupid
SS If you don't understand then you're duller than I thought.
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
CF: dull, boring & tedious这几个词都是形容词，都有“令人厌烦的”、“生厌的”之意。
dull 指因呆板，缺乏趣味性而令人感到厌烦，其内涵是千篇一律，无吸引 力，死气沉沉。例如：
每周一次的例会往往是很乏味的。The weekly meeting tends to be deadly dull.
TT
SS
boring 概念最广泛，尤其指引人厌倦，枯燥无聊的谈话、文章，也指令人 生厌的人。例如：
tedious 指因对某人或某事的描写太长太多而乏味，也指因反复做某事而 乏味。强调因沉闷而引起的生理上的不适。例如：
他真是个我从未遇见过的最令人讨厌的人。He really is one of the most boring people I've ever met.
TT
SS
我们只得坐在那里听几个乏味的讲演。We had to sit through several tedious speeches.
TT
SS
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
absent-minded: adj. not attentive, paying little attention to what one is doing; forgetful
SS The brilliant scientist becomes absent-minded with age.
SS 这个心不在焉的男孩老是丢书。
TT The absent-minded boy is always losing his books.
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
hold up: delay or cause to stop
SS Sorry I'm late — I was held up at work.
SS 由于交通事故，交通被迫中断了几个小时。
TT Traffic was held up for several hours by the accident.
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
fire: v.
SS 萨姆因工作效率低而被资方解雇。
SSI've just been fired from my job, and I don't know what to do.
TT Sam was fired by the management for his inefficiency.
1) dismiss sb. from his / her job, sack (infml.)
2) discharge a gun; shoot
SS 警察发射橡皮子弹以驱散人群。TT Policemen fired rubber bullets to disperse crowds.
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
CF: fire, dismiss & discharge 这些动词都有“解雇，开除”之意。
fire 口语用词，多指被断然地突然解雇，其行动犹如开枪一样干净利落。dismiss 正式用词，是这组词中语气最轻的一个词，一般只有从上文才能 看出解雇的原因或理由。discharge 语气较重，指有理由的解雇，含不再复用的意味。
SentenceSentence WordWord
The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn’t gone on strike.
Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as “Big Jim,” who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shirts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn’t fired.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.
Directions:
1.
2.
3.
Bryant was unfairly from his post.
She was after she was caught stealing from her em
ployer.
Several of the recruits （新兵） were from the
Army due to medical problems.
dismissed________fired____
discharged_________
After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings. I covered my major points by telling him the following:
“If you have a quality control inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.”
“If the assembly line is redesigned, a smooth work flow can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.”
“If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.”
“If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.”
“If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon, they will be more efficient.”
“If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce.”
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings. I covered my major points by telling him the following:
“If you have a quality control inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.”
“If the assembly line is redesigned, a smooth work flow can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.”
“If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.”
“If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.”
“If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon, they will be more efficient.”
“If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce.”
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
What does the sentence mean?
If the employees’ hard work is regularly rewarded with improvements in their pay and position then they will work harder and more actively.
After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings. I covered my major points by telling him the following:
“If you have a quality control inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.”
“If the assembly line is redesigned, a smooth work flow can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.”
“If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.”
“If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.”
“If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon, they will be more efficient.”
“If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce.”
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
major:
SS The factory’s inefficiency is a major problem.
TT Heavy traffic is a major problem in most cities all over the world.
adj. greater or more important
n. specialty or a student specializing in a certain field of study
SS 在大学里，她是英语专业的学生。
TT She is an English major at college.
SS 在世界上大多数城市里，繁忙的交通是个大问题。
SS I'm changing my major to political science.
After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings. I covered my major points by telling him the following:
“If you have a quality control inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.”
“If the assembly line is redesigned, a smooth work flow can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.”
“If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.”
“If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.”
“If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon, they will be more efficient.”
“If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce.”
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
achieve: vt. get sth. by efforts; finish sth. successfully
SS He hopes to achieve his aims by the end of the year.
SS 我仅完成了我希望做到的一半。
TT I‘ve achieved only half of what I’d hoped to do.
SS You will achieve nothing if you don’t work hard.
Collocation: achieve one’s aims/objectives 实现某人的目标
achieved one’s ambition 实现某人的抱负
achieve one’s end/goal 达到某人的目标
achieve success 取得成就
After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings. I covered my major points by telling him the following:
“If you have a quality control inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.”
“If the assembly line is redesigned, a smooth work flow can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.”
“If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.”
“If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.”
“If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon, they will be more efficient.”
“If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce.”
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
management: n.
SS A failure in communication between the management and the workforce resulted in a strike.
SS 该公司正由新的管理人员领导。
TT The business is under new management.
1) the people in charge of a factory or business
2) the act of managing a business SS She began to take over the management of her
father’s business after she graduated from university.
SS 许多小公司的失败是经营不善所致。
TT The failure of many small businesses is caused by bad management.
After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings. I covered my major points by telling him the following:
“If you have a quality control inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.”
“If the assembly line is redesigned, a smooth work flow can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.”
“If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.”
“If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.”
“If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon, they will be more efficient.”
“If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce.”
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
productive: adj. producing well or much
SS Jefferson was a productive and talented writer.
SS 他们很努力 , 但效率不太高。
TT They work hard, but their efforts are not very productive.
SS The meeting was very productive.
After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings. I covered my major points by telling him the following:
“If you have a quality control inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.”
“If the assembly line is redesigned, a smooth work flow can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.”
“If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.”
“If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.”
“If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon, they will be more efficient.”
“If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce.”
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
frequent: adj. happening often; habitual
SS Sudden rainstorms are frequent on the Pacific Ocean.
SS 他渐渐地不常登门了。
TT His visits became less frequent as time passed.
After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings. I covered my major points by telling him the following:
“If you have a quality control inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.”
“If the assembly line is redesigned, a smooth work flow can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.”
“If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.”
“If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.”
“If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon, they will be more efficient.”
“If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce.”
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
promotion: n.
SS There are good chances of promotion in this firm.
SS 你只要做出成绩 , 就能指望获得提升。TT If you are successful, you can expect promotion.
1) a rise in position
2) an activity intended to help sell a product
SS 他负责推销工作。
TT He is responsible for sales promotion.
SSTheir sales promotions turned out to be very successful.
After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings. I covered my major points by telling him the following:
“If you have a quality control inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.”
“If the assembly line is redesigned, a smooth work flow can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.”
“If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.”
“If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.”
“If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon, they will be more efficient.”
“If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce.”
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Collocation:
attain/gain/get/obtain/receive promotion 得到提升
engage in promotion 从事商品推销
seek promotion 谋求升迁
health promotion 增进健康
sales promotion 推销
Mr. Hobbs thanked me for this report and told me he would talk over my suggestions with his brother, the co-owner and manager of the factory. “We’re interested in progress here,” he said. “We want to keep up with the times.”
He also gave me a check for $ 100 and a box of shirts with his compliments.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Mr. Hobbs thanked me for this report and told me he would talk over my suggestions with his brother, the co-owner and manager of the factory. “We’re interested in progress here,” he said. “We want to keep up with the times.”
He also gave me a check for $ 100 and a box of shirts with his compliments.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Paraphrase the sentence, please.
… and told me he would discuss my proposals with his brother who was the joint owner and manager of the factory.
Mr. Hobbs thanked me for this report and told me he would talk over my suggestions with his brother, the co-owner and manager of the factory. “We’re interested in progress here,” he said. “We want to keep up with the times.”
He also gave me a check for $ 100 and a box of shirts with his compliments.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
talk over (sth.) with (sb.): discuss fully; consider thoroughly
SS Can I see you a moment? I've an important matter to talk over with you.
SS I'd like to talk it over with my wife first.
Mr. Hobbs thanked me for this report and told me he would talk over my suggestions with his brother, the co-owner and manager of the factory. “We’re interested in progress here,” he said. “We want to keep up with the times.”
He also gave me a check for $ 100 and a box of shirts with his compliments.
SentenceSentence WordWord
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
keep up with: move, progress or increase as fast as
SS I started to run, so that she had to hurry to keep up with me.
SS Employees need to keep up with the latest technical developments.
SS 我们必须与时俱进。
TT We must keep up with the time.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
1. Useful Expressions
2. Listening Comprehension
3. Summary Writing
4. Talk about the Pictures
5. Sentence Writing
6. Sentence Translation
7. Writing Practice
8. Proverbs and Quotations
1. 着手做某事
2. 结果是
3. 工业工程师
4. 工业管理
5. 井井有条且整整齐齐
6. 效率专家
7. 高品质 /质量
8. 伪劣产品
set out to do sth.
turn out
industrial engineer
industrial engineering
to be well-organized and neat
efficiency expert
high quality
products of poor quality
Useful Expressions
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
9. 打下良好基础
10. 工程建设项目
11. 学士学位
12. 担当顾问位置
13. 短期
14. 最令人奇怪的
15. 质检
16. 查明 ,发现
lay a good foundation
construction project
bachelor’s degree
come in as a consultant
on a short term basis / for a short period
most curious of all
quality control
find out
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
17. 举行罢工
18. 耽搁
19. 导致
20. 商讨21. 跟上22. 心不在焉
23. 生产流水线 /装配线
24. 工作流程
go on strike
hold up
result in
talk over
come up with
absent-minded
the assembly line
work flow
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
25. 背景音乐
26. 美化乏味的环境
27. 一位多产作家
28. 工资增加，职位提升
29. 夜 /白班
30. 口头报导
31. 覆盖要点
32. 与时俱进
background music
beautify the dull setting
a productive writer
pay increases and promotions
night/day shift
oral report
cover the major points
keep up with the time
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
In this section, you will hear a short passage. At the end of the passage, you will hear some questions. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
Directions:
A) In 1869.B) In 1850.C) In 1820.D) In 1906.
1.
Key
Script When was Susan Anthony born?
Listening Comprehension
■
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Susan Anthony was born in Massachusetts in 1820 and died in Manchester, New York in 1906. In the 1850s she saw many problems in her country and wanted to do something about them. One of these problems was that women did not have the right to vote in the Untied States. Susan Anthony and many others thought that women and men should have equal rights. In 1869 she helped start the National Women’s Association. This group worked hard to get women the right to vote in the United States. In 1869 the state of Wyoming gave women the right to vote. Some other states also allowed women to vote. But Susan Anthony and the National American Women’s Association wanted all women to have the right to vote. They worked to add this to the Constitution of the United States. Finally in 1920 fourteen years after Susan Anthony’s death an article was added to the Constitution. It gave all American women the right to vote.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
A) The women of some states.B) The women in the state of Wyoming only.C) The members of the National Women’s Association.D) The women in the state of Massachusetts only.
2.
Key
Script Who among the American women had the right to vote before 1920?
A) At the very beginning of the 20th century.B) At the end of the 19th century.C) Fourteen years after Susan Anthony’s death.D) Just before Susan Anthony’s death.
3.
Key
Script When did all women finally get the right to vote in the United States?
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
A) Susan Anthony died in Manchester, New York.B) In 1869 Wyoming was the only state where women had the right
to vote.C) In 1869 Susan Anthony helped start the National Women’s
Association. D) After 1920 all American women had the right to vote.
4.
Key
Script Which of the following statements in NOT true?
A) She worked on the draft to the American Constitution.B) She was the chairman of the National Women’s Association.C) She was born in New York and died in Massachusetts.D) She was an activist in the women’s movement for equal rights.
5.
Key
Script What do we learn about Susan Anthony from the passage?
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Summary Writing
Sam ( 是全家人的效率专家 ). He
always wanted everything ( 安排得井井有条，整整齐齐 ). For him, there was (样样东西都有一个固定地方 ). (大学毕业后 ), he worked as a temporary consultant in a shirt fact
ory. After he (观察 ) for a week, he offered many suggestions
to the manager. And he got a $100 check as a reward.
was the efficiency expert for the whole family ____________________________________
to be well organized and neat________________________a place for everything__________________
After graduation______________
made observations_______________
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Talk about the Pictures
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Sentence Writing
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Shorten the following sentences to make them more general.Directions:
1) Sam set out to improve efficiency at the shirt factory but, as we find out later in this unit, his plans turned out not quite as he had expected. (the sentence above the title of the text)
Sam set out to improve the efficiency at the shirt factory, but failed/in vain.2) When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer. (L.4—L.7)
When I was a child I liked to keep everything in order.3) I used to organize my father’s tools, my mother’s kitchen utensils, my sister’s boyfriends. (L.8—L.9)
I used to arrange almost everything for my family.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
4) Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore,
a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. (L.36—L.38)
Workers behind him were delayed, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost because of Jim’s daydream.
5) If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive. (L.47—L.48)
The factory will be much more productive if the management provides better working conditions.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Sentence Translation
Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English.Directions:
1. 杰克坚持每天锻炼身体，所以他精力充沛，学习效率高。
Jack works out every day. As a result, he is quite energetic and efficient in his studies.
2. 美国总统克林顿来华访问的结果是成功的。
The visit of Bill Clinton, the president of the United States, to China turned out to be a great success.
3. 最为奇怪的是，在失物招领启事贴出两星期后竟然没有人来认领这辆小汽车。
Most curious of all, no one has come to claim the car yet although the finding notice of lost property was put up two weeks ago.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
4. 为了援助灾区的人民，这位著名的流行歌手将在全国进行短期的巡回义演。
This well-known pop singer will make a national tour to give benefit performances in aid of the people in the flood-stricken area on a short-term basis.
5. 只要不断努力学习新知识，你就能跟上时代的步伐。
As long as you keep learning new knowledge, you’ll be able to keep up with the pace of our age/keep pace with the times.
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
A Brief Introduction
1.
after, although, as, because, before, how, if, once, since, than,now that, though, till, until, when, where, whether, while
Subordinate conjunctions, also called subordinators, are conjunctions that join a dependent clause and an independent clause. Common subordinating conjunctions are:
2. A subordinating conjunction joins a subordinate (dependent) clause to a main (independent) clause. Look at this example:
main or independent clause subordinate or dependent clause
Ram went swimming although it was raining. subordinating conjunction
Writing Practice — Combination: subordinating conjunctions
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
3. A subordinating conjunction always comes at the beginning of a subordinate clause. It "introduces" a subordinate clause. However, a subordinate clause can sometimes come after and sometimes before a main clause. Thus, two structures are possible:
Ram went swimming although it was raining.Although it was raining, Ram went swimming.
4. More examples:
After she had learned to drive, Alice felt more independent. If the paperwork arrives on time, your cheque will be mailed on Tuesday. Gerald had to begun his thesis over again when his computer crashed. Would you look after the children while I do the shopping?
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
Fill in the blanks with proper subordinating conjunctions from the list below. Make changes where necessary.
Directions:
Homework
after, although, as, because, before, how, if, now that, once, since, than, though, till, until, when, where, whether, while
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
he had been in prison, employers were unwilling to offer him a job.
He waited she had finished speaking.
It was exactly five years her father had died.
in the US, the drugs are distributed to all the major cities.
we know each other a little better, we get along fine.
Because________until____
since_____
Once_____Now that_______
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
after, although, as, because, before, how, if, now that, once, since, than, though, till, until, when, where, whether, while
6.7.
8.9.
10.
she was asleep, thieves broke in and stole her handbag. she was no more than twenty-two, she was already a highly successful businesswoman. Zimmerman changed his name he left Germany. I drink too much coffee, I have to run to the bathroom all day long. Divorce is more common it was a generation ago.
While_____Though_______
after____If__
than____
Proverbs and Quotations
1. Work has a bitter root but sweet fruit.
工作是苦的根，甜的果。
2. A work ill done must be twice done.
做不好的工作必须做两次。
3. Whatever I do, I will do in my power.
我无论做什么事，我必尽力而为。
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
4. Opportunity, sooner or later, comes to all who work and wish.
只要努力工作而有志向，机会迟早终会来临。
5. Although the world is full of suffering, it is full also of the overcoming of it. — Helen Keller, American writer
虽然世界多苦难，但是苦难总是能战胜的。 — 美国作家 海伦•凯勒
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading
6. Happiness, I have discovered, is nearly always a rebound from hard work. — David Grayson, American journalist
我发现，辛勤工作的报酬几乎总是幸福。 — 美国记者 D. 格雷森