1 dasar alam sekitar malaysia zaini ujang, seminar asasi, 10 mei 2008 1 dasar alam sekitar malaysia...

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Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008

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Dasar Alam Sekitar MalaysiaSuatu Tinjauan dan Cadangan

Zaini [email protected] http://www.fkkksa.utm.my/staff/zaini

Timbalan Naib Canselor (Penyelidikan dan Inovasi) Profesor Kejuruteraan Alam Sekitar

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Presentation menu

• Sejarah perkembangan dan aktivisme politik ►• Dasar-dasar utama ►• Tinjauan kritis ►• Cabaran utama pengurusan alam sekitar ►

– Polisi dan dasar kewangan mesra alam ►

– Minda lestari ►

– Pengajaran hadith ►

• Langkah ke hadapan ►• Rumusan ►

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Sejarah perkembangan dan aktivisme politik

• 1990-an: Stigma diasosiasikan dengan aktivisme “hijau”• Gerakan “hijau” menjadi kemestian dan trend semasa• Stigma jika tidak mesra alam:

– Organisasi korporat

– Elit dan parti politik

– Golongan “atasan”

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Underlying global drivers

Drivers Trends / initiatives

Global benchmarking Ecological footprint

Philosophy Environmentalism

National interests Biofuel, energy consumption

New economy Green economy

Commitment Being green

Institution Cleaner production, ISO16000

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An ideal eco-person

• Thinking green• Living green

– Eating green– Driving green

• Environmental ethics

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First generation

Ideas Practice Beliefs

General public & consumers

Activist

Media

Policy maker

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Second generation



Activist

Media

Policy maker

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Third generation



Activist

Media

Policy maker

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Fourth generation



Activist

Media

Policy maker

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Sixth generation



Activist

Media

Policy maker

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Learning and knowledge

Data Information

Theory

Experience

Knowledge

Filter

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Path to wisdom

Data

Information

Knowledge

Understanding

Wisdom

Data Information Knowledge Understanding Wisdom

Events, experiments etc

Description: WHAT?

Instruction: HOW?

Explanation: WHY?

What is the best?

The past The future

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Dasar-dasar utama alam sekitar

• Sumber asli• Bahan cemar dan pencegahan pencemaran• Aktiviti• Kumpulan sasaran• Pengurusan / organisasi

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Tinjauan kritis

• Dasar• Skop perundangan• Falsafah• Pelaksanaan• Penguatkuasaan

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Typical reactions

• Whose fault? Siapa salah?• Siapa yang patut dipertanggungkjawabkan?• Apa Kerajaan buat?• Political will?• Dulu Menteri ada umumkan untuk buat …,

sampai sekarang belum ….• etc.

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Policy making process

• Initial concern through accidents, tragedies, international pressure, regional framework, etc

• Reactions from general public• Political will• Parliamentary procedures• Structure of implementation agency, funding mechanisms• Implementation started• Improvements, new challenges• New concerns etc.

3 to 5 years

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Actors of policy making process

• Policy makers• Policy holders• Policy implementers• Policy experts, R&D• Policy watchdog• General public

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Actors of policy making process

NatureMan/Woman

Policy beneficiaries

Policy makers

Policy implementers

Policy experts

Policy watchdog

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Tasks Agencies Scope

Policy making Cabinets, Parliamentarians Overall

Policy holding & Dept. of Environment Water, Air, Scheduled waste

implementation Dept. of Sewerage Services Sewerage

Dept. of Irrigation & Drainage Rivers, Lakes, Coast

Department of Forestry Forest

Cleanliness – Local Authorities Cleanliness

Education – Ministry of Education Education

Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovations

R&D

Policy experts Universities, Consultants Overall

Policy watchdog Press, NGOs, individuals Overall

Policy beneficiaries General public, Political constituencies, Tourists, Industries

Overall

Actors in environmental governance (<2006)

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Watchdog

• Investigate (smell)• Intelligence (McGyver)• Policing (prevention)• Alert (barking!)

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Press

• Reporting• Investigative reporting• Critical and constructive• “Save Penang”

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River pollution in general

Untreated sewage

Partially treated sewage

Untreated industrial wastewater

Partially treated wastewater

Soil erosion

Wrong connection of pipes

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Pollution loads of wastewater(Ministry of Construction, Japan, 1996)

Parameters Black water or

Urine+faeces (%)

Grey water (%)

BODs 32 68

CODmn 36 64

SS 47 53

Nitrogen 75 25

Phosphorus 75 25

Grey water = bathing, washing, kitchen, etc.

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Cabaran utama pengurusan alam sekitar

• Kesan pemanasan global– Lokal– Serantau– Nasional– Lokal

Contoh:

Penghasilan gas-gas rumah kaca daripada loji rawatan air sisa

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Dasar kewangan mesra alam

• Insentif cukai• Insentif teknologi baru• Insentif

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The book that significantly changed my “success” formula

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Basic equation

Success = Ability x Effort x Attitude

Ability = Natural talents + Hobbies + Leadership++= 0 to 100

Effort = Education + Training + Experience + += 0 to 100

Attitude = Life + Career + Society + Nature ++= -100 to 100

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Example: Basic equation

Success = Ability x Effort x Attitude

Ability = 10 + 30 + 30 = 70

Effort = 30 + 30 + 20= 80

Attitude = -30 + 30 + (-20) + 10= -10

Success = 70 x 80 x (-10) ► FAILURE!

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Café is an important indication to evaluate the academic culture in university

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A great man will find a great subject,or which is the same thing,

make any subject great

EMERSON (1833)

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Awards, winning prizes are not the aim, but could be a good motivational booster

Some times you receive some kind of

recognitions, if you are lucky, such as

Malaysia Water Award 2004, Best Research Award 2005, Datukship

2007, etc.

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Academic journey is a marathon event, long and colorful …

1 dasar alam sekitar malaysia zaini ujang, seminar asasi, 10 mei 2008 1 dasar alam sekitar malaysia...

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