cyKzi cZKiY

wPswo Pvl cwZ () () ()

fvj eevcbv cwZ (weGgwc)t

GB cwZZ Kej gv eevcbvi Dbqbi gvag cPwjZ mbvZb cwZi Pq AwaK Drcv`b cvIqv me|

GB cwZ evsjv`k eeZ cPwjZ mbvZb cwZi cwieZbi gvag mviv wek wPswo Pvli MnYhvMZv ewZ AZ iZc~Y f~wgKv cvjb Kie|

wPswo Pvl cwZ

wPswo Pvl cwZcwiewZZ cPwjZ cwZ (MTT)

bvmvixZ gvwU wbwgZ euva eenvi Kiv nq|

CST Gi gZ bvmvixi Pvwiw`K Re wbivc` (Bio-secure) Aevq Zix Kiv nq|

bvmvixi mg cvwb Rxevbygy Kiv nq|

bvmvixi Pvwiw`K euvai Dci w`q meyR bU viv eov `Iqv nq|

cyKzi cvbv gRy`i NbZ 0.8/eMwgUvi nZ 0.5/eMwgUvi|

GLvb Kvb cvwb aviK (wiRvfvi) `iKvi nq bv|

bvmvix t Ggb GKwU vb hLvb wPswoi cvbvK wbw` mgqi Rb iL h_vchy hZ I cwiPhvi gvag jvjb cvjb Kiv nq|bvmvixi Dkt ivM/fvBivm cwZiva cwieki fvj Aevq ivLv cqvMKZ Lv`i mymg eUb Lv` LZ myweav cvq cvKwZK Lv`i cvPzh _vK euvPvi nvi ew cvq AevwZ cvYxi nvZ _K iv cvqbvmvix cZKiY

wPswo Pvl cwZAve Pvl cwZt

cyKzii Pvwiw`Ki Re-wbivc` Dcvq euva Zix Kiv nq| cyKzii mg cvwb Rxevbygy Kiv nq| euvai Dci w`q meyR bU w`q eov Zix Kiv nq| meyR bUi Avqx bvmvix Zix Kiv nq| cvbv gRy`i NbZ 6/eMwgUvi| Ze KLbI Kg ewk nZ cvi| GB cwZZ wiRvfvi (cvwb aviK) Gi cqvRb nq|

cwiewZZ cPwjZ cwZ (MTT)Ave Pvl cwZ (CST)

wmj Ki euva Zix KiZ ne hb euva Kvb wjKR ev wmcR bv _vK| evwni nZ hb Kvb mvc, evO, KvKov BZvw` bv AvmZ cvi (msvgb ivai Rb) mRb euvai Dci bU w`q eov `Iqv nq| cyKzii fZi Dchy vb bvmvix Zix KiZ ne| bvmvixi NbZ 25-30/eMwgUvi| bvmvixi AvKvi 250 eMwgUvi/ni| Aevi Dci weePbv Ki bvmvixZ 15-30 w`b ch cvbv jvjb cvjb Kiv nq|MTT Gi bvmvix Zixi wb`kbv

CST Gi bvmvix Zixi wb`kbv cyKzii fZi Dchy vb bU w`q Avqx bvmvix Zix Kiv nq| meyR bUi Zj`k gvwUi mv_ kfve vcb Kiv nq hb mnR DV bv hvq| GLvb cvbvi NbZ 50-100/eMwgUvi| Gfvb 15-20 w`b ivLvi ci bU DwVq djv nq|

MTT bvmvixCST bvmvix

bvmvixi AvKvi wbfi Ki-

cyKzii cvbv gRy`i cwigvb Ges bvmvixZ KZw`b cvbv jvjb cvjb Kiv ne

- Zvi Dcibvmvixi AvKvi

1| AvbyexwYK evMvb Zix2| cvKwZK Lv`i Drcv`b mg Kivmvi cqvMi gvag mveU eenvi Ki

Dfq bvmvixi Rb Kibxq welq

1| euva wbgvb2| MfxiZv eRvq ivLv3| wiRvfi/cvwb aviK wbgvbbZzb cyKzi Zix

euvai DPZv 1 wgUvi, P~ov 1 wgUvi Ges Xvjy ne 2t1|

(2) gvwUZ Kgc 20 kZvsk Kv`v _vKj fvj euva Zix Kiv me|

(3) ej gvwU nj euva AbK ewk cm KiZ ne Ges Xvjy AbK ewk ivLZ ne|

(4) euva wbgvYi RvqMv nZ Nvm, MvQcvjv, AvMvQv GgbwK Kbv ZRvZxq kIjvI AcmviY KiZ ne|

(5) bZzb euva Ges g~j f~wgi ga eb fvj nIqvi Rb g~j f~wg f djZ ne|

(7) euva i i gvwU w`q euva Zwi KiZ ne| cwZwU ii DPZv ne 6 Bw nZ 1 dzU|euva Zixi w`Kwb`kbv

MfxiZv ewk nj wbwjwLZ myweavmg~n cvIqv hvq- K) Zvcgvv wbqY Ki L) Wye Dw` wbqY Ki M) cvKwZK Drcv`b ew Ki N) cvwbi bvb cwigvcKmg~n GKB Aevq _vK

myZivs cyKzi hb 2.5-3 dzU cvwb _vK mfve cyKzi _K gvwU DwVq djv DwPr| cvwbi MfxiZv eRvq ivLv

cvwb aviK

evBii cvwb mivmwi PvlKZ wPswo cyKzi cek Kivbv wbivc` bq|

Nvjv _vKv mI G cvwbZ bvbviKg msvgK RxevYy hgb- fvBivm, evKUwiqv Ges AbK AevwZ gvQ _vK h wPswo Pvli Rb gwK^ic|

GRb evBii cvwb GLvb ^ mgq iL wewPs viv RxevYygy Ki cqvRb Abyhvqx wPswo cyKzi eenvi Kiv nq|

cyivZb cyKzi cZKibcyivZb cyKzi eecbvi Rb wbwjwLZ c`cjv Mnb KiZ ne-

Zj`k Rgv nIqv Kvj Kv`v mwiq djv Pvl `Iqv cyKzi Kvbv Pzb eenvi Kiv

Liming in soil Liming in water

cwivi Ges `~lYgy Drm _K cvwb Mnb me nj b`x ev Lvj _K cvwb Mnb m~ bUi ga w`q QvKbi gvag cvwb Mnb

cyKzi cvwb ceki ci AZc wZb w`b ivLv nq| KviY- cvwb kvlbi ci euva m dvUj e nq hvq dj cvwbi avibgZv vqx nq| mvmcbWW Dcv`vb (Szj) axi axi cvwbi Zj`k Rgv nq| cvwbi mv_ AvMZ wWg nvwPs Gi myhvM cvq|cyKzi cvwb cek

cvwb RxevYygy KibwewPs cvDWviK cvwbi mv_ wgwkq cyKzii mg cvwbZ wQwUq `Iqv nq| m~hi Avjvi AbycwwZZ Kvwib hM axi axi fv Ges wc,GBP Kg _vKj wewPs cvDWvii KvhKvwiZv ewk nqcwigvYt 70 ppm nvi| Ze wewPs Gi cwigvb wbwjwLZ welqwji Dci wbfi Kit1| wewPs cvDWvi Kvwibi kZKiv DcwwZi Dci2| cvwbZ DcwZ cvYxi Kvwib mnbxqZv Ges cwigvbi Dci|3| pH Gi Dci; Kg pH nj wewPs cvDWvi ewk KvhKix nq|

wewPs Gi cwieZ 1| wWcUvi 1.5 ppm nvi Ges ivUbb 2 ppm nvi eenvihvM|2| cvwb wdvi Ki|

gvBvwcK/AvbywewYK evMvb Zix

cvUi evi GK gyL Lyj euvki dgi mv_ eua 450 KvY gvwUZ vcb|ZvjcvZv, MvjcvZv, bvwiKjcvZv BZvw` wbw` `~iZ cvwbZ vcb|Kwi AvwU nvjKv Ki eua cvwbi fZi vcb|G mKj Dcv`vb Zj`kxq AvjwR, evKUwiqv, RycvsKUb Ges cwidvBUvb BZvw` Rgv nq hv cvbv, RyfbvBj Ges eo wPswo Lvevi wnme MnY Ki|

mvi cqvM 1| mwilvi Lj - KwR/|2| Kbv Mei KwR/|3| wPUvo (gvjvmm) KwR/ Ges KwR/|Urea: /TSP: /

wPUvo eenvii gvag DcKvix eKUwiqvi msLv ew

DcKvwiZv cyKzii cvwb Ges gvwUZ gvBvAMvwbRgi msLv ew Ges KvhKix Ki|Rxe ewP ew cvq|DcKvix evKUwiqvi Rb Re Dcv`vb hgb- wfUvwgb, AvgvBbv GwmW, GbRvBg BZvw` mg nq|cyKzi CO2, AwRb Ges pH Gi mvgvevq ivL|

msvgK (Contamination) iva Kibxq fvBivmi Kvb evnK hgb- KuvKov, mvc, evO BZvw` hvZ bv AvmZ cvi Zvi Rb cyKzii Pvicvk GgbwK AvfwiY euvai DciI Nb Rvji eov w`Z ne| Ges Rvj euvai evBii cvk w`q emvZ ne hb fvBivmgy cwiek nvUv Pjv Kiv hvq|

evnK hgb- cvwL cwZivai Rb LyuwUi gv_vq iwk eua A_ev iwOb KvMR PvlKZ GjvKvi Pvicvk eenvi KiZ ne|

Mi ev QvMj cwZivai Rb eov eenvi Kiv|

cvwb msvgb ivai Rb wjKgy A_ev wmcR gy euva wbgvY Ges cvwbi DPZv evBii Pq ewk ivLv|

wfwRUi ev Ab`i wewPs cvwbZ nvZ cv ayq cek KiZ `Iqv|

dvg eeZ mKj cKvi hcvwZ hgb- cv, cvBc, Rvj, evjwZ AekB RxevYygy nZ ne| Ges wPswo AvniY bv nIqv ch dvgB ivLZ ne|

dvg eeZ Lvevi Ges mvi Kvb gB hb mswgZ bv nq Zv wbwZ Kiv|

cwiewZZ cPwjZ cwZi Ni Zixt

Ni Zixi cwqvwU hw` h_vh_ nq, Zvnj Avcbvi PvlKvjxb SzuwK AaK bg Avm| GZB cZxqgvb nq Ni Zixi iZ KZUzKz| G cvjbxq civgk njv-cvomg~n gReyZ Ki cZ ev givgZ KiZ neeQi kl Nii Zjv gvwUi aib Abyhvqx cqvRbgZ KvZ neNii Zjvq Mhy Kvjv Kuv`v gvwU _vKj Zv h_vme Zzj djZ ne

cqvRb Nii Zjvq Kbv gvwU Pvl w`Z neNii fZii 2-3 cvk cqvRb bvjv KvUv hZ cvi GKwU Av`k Nii AvqZb nIqv DwPr 10-15 weNvNi cPzi kIjv _vKj Zv cwivi Ki djZ neAbK mgq Ni avb MvQi bxPi Ask _K hvq-me nj cwivi Ki djv A_ev Ni cvwb DwVq KqKw`b ci Pzb cqvM Kiv BZvw`