1

Service-Learning as a University-Wide Program:

Rationale and issues

Professor Edward K Y Chen

Former President

Lingnan University Hong Kong

陳坤耀

18 April 2008, Tunghai University

Taichung, Taiwan

2

What is Service-Learning

1. Integrated with Curricula –

Credit-bearing/part of Assessment

2. Equal importance of Processes and Outcomes

3. University-wide Participation

(all Disciplines)

3

Rationale of Service-Learning

Service-Learning Plays a vital Role in

Liberal (Arts) Education

Liberal (Arts) Education is the Key to

Success in Today’s Creative Economy

4

A Creative Economy創意經濟

Arises from 來自

1. Predominance of ICT資訊與傳播科技的卓越

2. Rapid, Pervasive and Incremental Technological changes快速、廣泛和漸進的技術革新

5

3. Economies of Scope over-riding Economies of Scale

函蓋經濟超越規模經濟

4. Globalization

全球化

5. De-industrialization

非工業化

6

Resulting in 結果是1. The Importance of Creativity

創意經濟的重要性

2. The Importance of Adaptability

適應能力的重要性

3. The Decline of Traditional Industries and Emergence of New Services

傳統工業的沒落和新服務行業的興起

7

Competitive Advantage for

A Creative Economy創意經濟的競爭條件

Labour → Skills → Insights 勞動 → 技能 → 洞察力

Information → Knowledge → Wisdom 資訊 → 知識 → 智慧

8

Cannot be Taught

不能講授

Can only be Nurtured

只能孕育

Insight and Wisdom洞察力和智慧

9

Implications for Education對教育理念的啟示

1. Humanities and Sciences 文理兼備 2. Inter-disciplinary/Trans-disciplinary

課程跨學科

3. Processes more than Contents

過程比內容重要4. Experience not Training 體驗而非訓練

5. Nurturing not Preaching 孕育而非傳授

10

The Expected Outcomes of Undergraduate Education

本科生教育的預期成果NOT Specialists 不是專家

NOT Professionals 不是專業人士

NOT Technicians 不是技術人員

BUT People, Whole Persons 而是 人 , 全人

11

The Role of Service-Learning

Service-Learning is a major Teaching and Learning Instrument for the realization of these new Education Values

and Outcomes

12

What Education for a Creative Economy?

怎樣的教育 ?Liberal Arts Education - The Gold Standardof Undergraduate Education

博雅教育 - 本科生教育的金漆招牌

Not Virtue Teaching 不是虛擬教學

13

A Paradox似是而非

High-Tech Era

高科技年代

Low-Tech Teaching

低科技教學

14

Liberal Arts Education

is defined by:

The Distinctive Teaching and Learning Processes and not by The Subject Matters or Disciplines

博雅教育的定義是 ：　獨特的教與學過程而不是課程和科目

15

Liberal Arts Education博雅教育

Specific Prerequisites

先決條件

Distinctive Teaching and Learning Processes and Environment

獨特教與學過程和環境

Unparalleled Outcomes

不同的效果

16

Prerequisites先決條件

Small Size (500-3000 students)

小而精

Residential (80%) and Campus Life

80% 學生入住大學宿舍

Student-orientation (Faculty, staff and resources) 學生為本

17

Characteristics 特點　

Processes 過程

Vs Contents 內容

Experience經驗

Vs Training 訓練

Know-why 原理

Vs Know-how 技能

Liberal Arts (Inter-disciplinarity)

博雅（跨學科）

Vs General Education (Multi-disciplinarity)通識 （多學科 ）

18

Liberal Arts Practices and

ProcessesThe Four “Is”1. Individualization 學生個別化

Interactive and close student-student, student-faculty relationship 互動和緊密的師生關係 Small class teaching 小班教學 Directed research (Senior Thesis) 畢業論文 Involvement of undergraduates in research 本科生參與研究 Academic advisor, Mentor 導師及學長

19

2. Interdisciplinarity 跨學科更重於多學科 in additional to multidisciplinarity

Issue-based teaching and learning以課題為基礎的教與學

Core curriculum with emphasis on reading and writing重視閱讀與寫作的核心課程

Presentation, writing, narrative evaluations表達、寫作、評述為評估方法

20

3. Intra-curricular Activities 課內活動 Campus life 校園生活

Residence, student associations, teams, events

Community service 社區服務 Service-learning 服務研習 Integrated Learning Program (ILP)

綜合學習課程

21

4. International Exchange 國際交流 more than study abroad （非海外學習 ）

Individualization 個別化

25% 33% 50%

The 3 “Es”Experience, Exposure, Excitement

體驗 , 視野 , 興奮

22

The Outcomes of

Liberal Arts Education

博雅教育的效果

23

The ABC of

Liberal Arts Education博雅教育的 ABC

1. Adaptability 適應能力2. Brainpower 思考能力3. Creativity 創造能力

24

The Skills of

Liberal Arts Education博雅教育的技能

Whole Person Skills

全人技能

Technical and Professiona

l Skills

技術和專業技能

vs

25

The “Well-Rounded” Skills博雅教育的全人技能

1. Cognitive Skills 認知能力 Life-long Learning 終身學習

2. Communication Skills 溝通能力 Languages 語言

3. Social and Life Skills 社交及生存能力 Sense of Community 群體意識

26

Factors for Success

1. Strong Support and Commitment of

the Senior Management

2. University-Wide Endorsement

with reference to Mission/Vision

3. Staff’s strong Commitment and Students’ active Participation

27

Factors for Success

4. A dedicated Service-Learning Office

for promotion, liaising and co-ordination, matching, training, monitoring, research

5. Funding – Long-term commitments,

Earmarked

28

Issues/Problems1. Methods of Assessment and Evaluation

2. Identifying Interested and Effective Partners

Local and International

3. Matching – Partners, Programs and Courses,

Students

4. Monitoring and Ensuring Students’ participation and Progress

Developing Code of Best Practice/Manuals/

Protocols

29

Contacts and Further Information

Lingnan University, Hong Kong

Office of Service-Learning

Website: www.ln.edu.hk/osl

Coordinator: Dr. Carol Ma

carolma@ln.edu.hk

30

Thank You and Good Luck ！

多謝！