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( Reaffirmed 1997 )

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IS:10034-1981

Indian StandardBASIC REQUIREMENTS FOREQUIPMENT FOR DETERMINING MOISTURE

CONTENT IN FOUNDRY SANDFoundry Sectional Committee, SMDC 17

Chairman RepresentingDR S. S. KHANNA Nati;;noncpitute of Foundry & Forge Technology,

MembersSHRI A. K. AWASTHI SteelByh;yority of India Ltd ( Bokaro Steel Plant ),Sn CHEMI ST & METALLURGIST, Ministry of RailwaysCLW, CI~ITTARANJ ANCHEMIST 8s METALLURQIST,CLW, CHITTARANJ AN ( Alternate I )CHEMIST & METALLURGIST,NF RLY, NEW BON~AI ~AON ( Alternate I I )SII RI K. A. GANDHI HMT Ltd, BangaloreSI~RI SANJ IT SEN ( Alternate )SHRI M. K. GOSWAMI Indian Non-ferrous Metals Manufacturers Asso-ciation, CalcuttaSHRI D. P. J AIN ( Alternate )SHRI R. K . GUQNEJ A DCM Engg Products ( Delhi Cloth and GeneralMills ), New DelhiDR V. P. GUPTA ( Alternate )SHRI P. L. J AIN Natip;Al&stitute of Foundry & Forge Technology,

SHRI K. K ISHORE ( Alternate )SIIRI R. K . KE J RIWAL Federation of Engineering Industries of India,

New DelhiSHI~I V. N. UPA~HAYA ( ,#ernate )SHRI R. C. KOTHARI Pioneer Equipment Co Pvt Ltd, VadodaraSWRI C. BHABKARAN ( Alternate )SHRI K. S. LAL The Indian I ron & Steel Co Ltd, CalcuttaSHRI R. N. MLJ KHER.J EP Alternate )SHI~I K. N. MEHEA Heavy Engineering Corporation Ltd, Foundry ForgePlant, RanrhiSHRI A. K. BANEKJ EE ( Alternate )( Continued on page 2 )

@ Copyright 1982INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTIONThis publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957 ) andreproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of he

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IS : 10034 1981( Continued from page 1 )

Members RepresentingSHRI T. R. MOHAN RAO Directorate General of Technical Development,

New DelhiSun1 U. SEN ( Alternate )SHRI V. N. PANDITSIIRI M. K . PXAM~NIKSHRI G. N. R-40

M. M. Suri & Associates (P) L td, New DelhiI ron: ,S,ztel, Control ( Ministry of Steel & Mines ),Nation:1 Metallurgical Laboratory ( CSI R ),J amshedpurSrrnr P. P. RASTO~ Steel Authority of India Ltd ( Rourkela SteelPlant ), RourkelaSHRI D. SINCJ I ( Ahnate )Saw R. N. SAIIA Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals( Inspection Wing ), New DelhiSHRI DARBARA SIN~H ( Alternate )

SHXI B. L. SEN Indian Oxygen L td, CalcuttaSHRI V. P. SHENOY Tata Engineering & Locomotive Co Ltd,J amshedpurSrrn~ A. BHATTACHARJ EE ( Alternate )Srrn~ V. N. SUNDERAJ AN M. N. Dastur & Co Pvt Ltd, CalcuttaS HI~IS. THIYAQARAJ AN Southern Alloy Foundries Pvt Ltd, MadrasSWHI T. S. ,VENK OUA RAO Ennore Foundries Ltd, MadrasSHR~ K. V. KRISRNAN ( Alternate )SHRI C. R. RAM.4 RAO, Director General, IS1 ( I%-oficioMember )Director ( Strut & Met )Secretary

SHRI s. K. GUPTAAssistant Director ( Metal ), ISI

Foundry Ancillary Equipment Subcommittee, SMDC 17 : 2C0n7Xntr

CDR K. N. NAII~ Pioneer Equipment Co Pvt Ltd, VadodaraMembers

SHRI J . N . B~AKTA Development Commissioner (Small Scale Industries ),New DelhiSHEI G. G. LONDHE Premier Automobiles Ltd, BombayDR P. K. PANDA Nati;&t;titute of Foundry & Forge Technology,SHRI S. P. NATARAJ AN Ennore Foundries Ltd, MadrasSHRI V. S. KANnASWAMY ( Alternate )SHRI M. L. NAVAI~~ Versatile Engineers, Kolhapur

2

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IS : 10034 - 1981Indian Standard

BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOREQUIPMENT FOR DETERMINING MOISTURE

CONTENT IN FOUNDRY SAND

0. FOREWORD0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the Indian Standards Institutionon 30 December 1981, after the draft finalized by the Foundry SectionalCommittee had been approved by the Structural and Metals DivisionCouncil.0.2 Moisture content in sand mix is one of the most important para-meters affecting the characteristics of mould or core and consequentlythe quality of casting produced. Its accurate determination and control

therefore, of utmost importance for a foundry, producing qualitycastings. This standard has been prepared with a view to assist mainlythe small scale industries, producing foundry testing equipments.0.3 Details of the test procedure shall be in accordance with IS : 1918-1966.

1. SCOPE1.1 This standard covers the basic requirements for apparatus fordetermining moisture content in foundry sand.2. BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF EQUIPMENT2.0 There are mainly two types of equipments commonly used fordetermining moisture content in foundry sand.2.1 Type 1 - In this type the sand sample is heated in an oven orunder an infra-red lamp or by using forced hot air to find the loss in mass.The effective temperature on sample shall be between 105 to 110C.

*Methods of physical tests for foundry sands.

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IS :10034 - 19812.1.1 Accuracy of result in this method depends on the sensitivity ofthe weighing balance. The sensitivity of the balance used for thisprocess shall, therefore, be within & 0.02 g.

2.2 Type 2 - In this type an active chemical reagent like calciumcarbide is allowed to get mixed with sand sample and the pressure ofacetylene gas generated by chemical reaction between moisture andcalcium carbide is read directIy on a dial graduated in percentagemoisture content. In this type of apparatus the accuracy of readingdepnds on the following factors:

a) Design of instrument itself, including arrangement for shaking,clamping, calibration of dial, etc;b) Quality of reagent used;c) Grain fineness of sand;d) Extent of mixing of sand sample; ande) Sensitivity of the balance ( 0.05 g ).

2.2.1 This type of apparatus can not be expected to give very highaccuracy of results. It is, therefore, recommended for shop floorcontrol for rapid determination of moisture. The general requirementsfor this type of instrument shall be as follows:a) The graduations on the dial shall be in a position to read mois-ture as low as 0.10 percent. The dial shall be properly calibratedby the manufacturer and calibrations checked on each individualinstrument before it is supplied.b) Reagent fbr example calcium carbide shall be of laboratorygrade of high purity and shal1 be fresh.c) As the results may vary with fineness of sand grains, the methodmay be used for comparing the moisture content of sand sampleshaving same grain fineness number.d) Mixing cycle for preparing sand sample may be first establishedand maintained when the results of different samples are to becompared.e) Sensitivity of the weighing balance provided with the instrumentshall be within f 005 g.f) When compared with direct method of determination of moisturecontent ( see Type 1 ) accuracy shown by this apparauts shall bewithin f 0.10 percent.