101127 athens gwadel

8/7/2019 101127 Athens GWadel

1/46

Hotel refurbishment in Mallorca, SpainReducing environmental impacts at least 50%

Athens, 27 November 2010

. .

A project developed by AUIA (Arquitectos, Urbanistas e Ingenieros Asociados) in collaboration with SO (Societat Orgnica)for the Palma Beach Consortium (Mallorca, Spain)

01/46


2/46

Palma Beach Consortiumhttp://consorcioplayadepalma.es

THE PROJECT

the aim of promoting the refurbishment of hotels, complementary tourism services and its urban area.

The Consortium has geared its work toward configuring a different vision, contemplating a new tourism

model for Palma Beach that can be renowned world-wide and including as key issues sustainability,, , . .

02/46


3/46

Balearic Islands

03/46


4/46

Palma ba Mallorca / Palma Beach area

04/46


5/46

Ro al Cu ido Hotel RCH 1976

05/46


6/46

Ro al Cu ido Hotel RCH 1976

Longitudinal

section,

beach

facade

T icalfloor lan,rooms

06/46


7/46

Environmental im acts of the buildin sector

ac ca on

biodiversity

ozone layer depletionreenhouse effect

* *

erosion

eutrophication

acid rain

heavy metals

abiotic resources

biotic resources

summer smog

winter smog

land occupation

Water*: 20% Waste*: 30%

human toxicity

*Buildingsectorparticipationinthewholesocietyenvironmentalimpacts

07/46


8/46

1st strate : demand reduction

bioclimatic design new ways, dried appliances

energy water

materials wastematerial use o timisation eneration decrease

08/46


9/46

2nd strate : efficienc increasin

efficient facilities saving systems

energy water

materials wastelow impact materials deconstruction instead demolition

09/46


10/46

3rd strate : local resources use

active and passive solar systems rainwater

energy water

materials waste

building with site materials waste classification

10/46


11/46

4th strate : rec clin

carbon natural systems grey water

energy water

materials wasteregenerated materials new uses for old materials

11/46


12/46

5th strate : im act neutralisation

thermal improving in existing buildings sewage natural treatment

energy water

materials wastecarbon neutral materials building from waste

12/46


13/46

Buildin refurbishment model: ob ectives

It is needed to determine a refurbishing model for housing and hotel existingu ngs o a ma eac w c as to e teste t roug t e eve opment o two

case studies (Royal Cupido Hotel and a multiple dwelling building in Can Pastilla)that should be capable to reduce its environmental impacts at least 50%.

Additionally, refurbished buildings have to reach A or B categories in the Spainofficial energy efficiency certification (established by Royal Decree 47/2007).

13/46


14/46

Buildin refurbishment model: environmental focus

The environmental concept is focused on the relation between buildingshabitability (indoor and outdoor space quality) and impacts caused to reach it.

Those habitability impacts are both resources consumption (energy, waste,mater a s, etc. an waste generat on construct on an use ones, 2emissions, etc.). More sustainability should mean less impact.

Main environmental indicators used in a 50 years life cycle building analysis are:-Energy consumption of all phases (MJ/m2)

-Water consumption of use (litres/person/day)

-Material consumption impacts of refurbishment (KgCO2/m2)

-Construction waste of refurbishment (Kg/m2)

-Garbage of use (Kg/person/day)- reen ouse em ss ons o a p ases g 2 m

14/46


15/46

Step by step environmental work

1. Obtain and record information about the existing building: plans, constructionand facilities systems, resources consumption, use profiles, management profiles,

climate, other local conditions, etc.

2. Develop a computerized profile of building environmental impacts (energy byLIDER and CALENER official software; materials and construction waste by TCQ

, . .

3. Identify design options for environmental impact reduction (energy, water,materials, waste, etc.) mainly for refurbishing and use phases with a technical,economic and standard-compliance evaluation.

4. When steps 1, 2 and 3 were completed, realise a new computerized profile of

not and come back to previous works) if all objectives have been reached (at least50% of environmental impacts reductions).

15/46


16/46

Most important phases of building life cycle

Production TransportExtraction Use andmaintenance

DisposalConstruction Demolition

1% 65% 0,5%

30% 2% 1,5%

CO2 emissions in the life cycle of buildings. Standard distribution of a50 years life cycle charges (2.500 Kg/m2 in a multiple dwelling building)

16/46


17/46

Project and reference buildings

Refurbishing phase(impacts due materials use)

Use phase(impacts due air cooling, heating, lighting, etc.)

Savings at least 50%

Savings at least 50%

Standard

Refurbish

Refurbish whit

environmental

Existing

building

Refurbish

building whitmodel improvements

modelenvironmentalimprovements

17/46


18/46

Impact by impact environmental work: energy

Reduce both energy consume and its CO2 emissions in the refurbished building

ect ve

.

-Demand reduction, improving thermal characteristics of building skin, structure incontact to internal air, etc. (insulation, solar protection, infiltration, thermal inertia).

-Efficiency increasing, analysing and, if convenient, replacing facility systems andappliances for low energy consume ones.

- ,offer (solar radiation, wind, temperature gaps throughout the day, etc.).

-Building management, determining new systems regulation or use routines if an.

18/46


19/46


ct ons

1.

Roof

insulation 2.

Improvement

of

allwindows 3.

More

efficient

air

conditioningplant

4.Faade

insulation

. o ovo a cpane s

inbalconies

11.Solar

protections5.Natural

ventilationin

7.Savinglight

systems

6.Moreefficient boilers

9.Freecooling

inbigHVAC

systems10.Moreefficient

fancoilsinrooms

8.Accurateregulation

forenergysystems

19/46


20/46


art a resu ts HVAC + HW (hot water) + L (lighting)

Existing building Refurbishment proposal

B 43,1KgCO2/m2

, g 2 m

Final energy (kWh/m2): 140,8Primary energy (kWh/m2): 323,3

Final energy (kWh/m2): 83,5Primary energy (kWh/m2): 159,0

Energy simulations used the software CALENER (official Spain new buildings efficiency energy certification tool). Specialcorrection factors were introduced to represent bioclimatic aspects that could not be calculated in a right way for that tool,like cross ventilation, thermal inertia, etc.

20/46


21/46


Complementary actions

Energy consumption by use in Palma Beach hotels Source: Balearic Island Government studies

Heating

Hot water

Kitchen

Air conditioning

Lighting

Others

How to reduce the 30% part of energy which is not used in HVAC+HW+L:

-Kitchens, restaurants and bars: hot/fresh water washers and class A refrigerators (up to 65% savings).

- .

-Swimming pools and elevators: engine change to direct transmission, variable speed and electronicregulation systems (up to 30-50% savings).

-Public spaces and rooms: electronic appliances with Energy Starcertification (up to 30-75% savings)

-Hotel staff and guests: training and control programs focused on energy, water and garbage reduction in

building use (up to 20% savings).21/46


22/46


23/46

Impact by impact environmental work: water

Reduce water consumption in the refurbished building scenario at least 50% when

ect ve

.

-Demand reduction, optimising performance of guests and hotel staff andredesigning gardens (plants, grass, watering, etc.) for water saving.

-Efficiency improvement, converting, taps, showers, WC discharges, swimmingpools, other appliances to the lowest consume options or, if possible, dry options.

- , , .

-Recycling, purifying, disinfecting and using grey water.

23/46


24/46


Actions

Approach to the current RCH consume: 179 litres/person/day

Efficiencyim rovement:

Local resources use:re lace water from

showers

pool

substitution of non-saving taps, WC

discharges, showers,and other water

net for rainwater.

gardening

appliances.

Reduction of lossesfrom renovation,

eva oration and

water from net forgrey water.

laundry

washing in swimming

pools.

Source: RCH 14.001 ISO standard declaration

sinks

WC

.and statistics from Catalonia Government

24/46


25/46


y rau c a ance

29%savin more

efficient water

appliances

16%greywater

ra nwater

contribution180litres/person/day

(potablewater)

contribution

existing building consume refurbished scenario consume

49%potablewater

25/46


26/46


At least 51% potable water consume saving could be reached.

Results

100%HRC existing building

50%Refurbished scenario (49%)

0%

180 litres/person/day 88 litres/person/day

26/46


27/46

Impact by impact environmental work: materials

Reduce both production energy consumption and CO2

emissions in the Palma.

-Keep most of existing materials, repairing and/or refurbishing building systemsinstead demolishing and replacing them.

-Reduce both amounts and impacts of materials, which have to be renovated oradded, using building systems with low intensity per unit of service and

.

-Decrease maintenance charges, using conservation-free, durable and low impactmaterials.

37/46


28/46


ct ons

Materials to be conserved Materials to be added

Natural but also

renewable materials

Industrial but also

Structure

Skin

recyc a e ma er a s

Reversible joints (torecover materials at

its end-of-life)

Finishes

Parts that can be conserved at least 100%Parts that can be conserved at least 50%

Parttobe

conserved

Parttobe

addedMaintenance

Total

materials

Added materialsSaved materials Life cycle materials28/46


29/46


Palma Beach refurbishing model applied to RCH

esu ts TCQ software using BEDEC database calculations

42 KgCO2/m2 77 KgCO2/m

2 119 KgCO2/m2

Refurbishing materials Maintenance materials (50 years) Life cycle materials

sua re ur s ng mo e app e o

273 KgCO2/m2

401 KgCO2/m2

674 KgCO2/m2

Refurbishing materials Maintenance materials (50 years) Life cycle materials

29/46


30/46


At least 79% energy consumption and CO2 emissions reduction from materials

roduction could be reached.

esu ts

100%Usual refurbishing model

Palma Beach refurbishin model 21%

0%

g 2 m g 2 m

30/46


31/46

Impact by impact environmental work: waste

Waste with final destination to landfill or burning (materials that can not be recycled)

Objective

.

Strategies

-Reduce generation(e.g.: prefabricated and modular systems when possible).

-Reuse waste in site (e.g.: concrete or ceramic crushed into new mixes).

- . . , , .

-Recover energy from waste which can not be reused or recycled butcontrolling pollutants (e.g.: wood or plastic mixed with other materials).

-Landfill only waste which can not be reused, recycled or converted in energy(e.g.: plaster, composites, etc)

31/46


32/46


-

ActionsPhase 1

Reduction proposals

project phase (by designers).

- Waste reduction and management planPhase 4

Management scenarios

Phase 2Amounts and types of waste

Phase 3Recovery possibilities

executed in the building phase (by constructors).Phase 5Final budget

epara on an es na on expec e n e a ma eac e ur s men o e :

Type of w aste Final destination

Ceramic and stone Recycling

Wood Recycling

Glass Recycling

Plastic film Recycling

Pa er and cardboard Rec clin

Plaster Landfilling

Others Depending on material typesDomestic materials Landfilling or burning 32/46


33/46


Building systems keys: less waste, recyclable materials

4,79 Kg/m2

Terrazzo flooring

0,86 Kg/m2

ro ec p ase: se ec u ngmaterials that generates lesswaste and design a plan for itsreduction and managementCork flooring

Selective separation task by task

Building phase: run a planRecycling (e.g.: concrete) separate waste task by task

ensuring to get technical recyclingconditions.

33/46


34/46


At least 54% waste (non-recyclable material land filled and/or burned) reduction

could be reached.

na resu ts scenar o

100%

Usual refurbising model

50%

Palma Beach refurbishing model

0%

65% landfilling/incineration 30% landfilling/incineration

34/46


35/46

Impact by impact environmental work: garbage

Garbage with final destination to landfill or burning (materials which can not be

Objective

.

Strategies Thehotelalreadyhas

-Reduce generation (green procurement, trainingprograms for guests and hotel staff, etc.).

andseparationandusually

worksinreductionof

generation(ISO/EMAS)

-Recycle (paper and cardboard, plastics light packaging,

glass and vegetal oil).Itdependsonpublic

-Compost (organics).

-Recover energy from garbage which can not be

a m n s ra onan was e

managers(not onlyonthe

buildingfacilitiesand/or

itsmanagement.)

.

35/46


36/46


RCH garbage management (2008)Garbagetype Weight (Kg) % Inplacetreatment Recycled %

Organic 45.207 53,3% Noselectivepickup 0 0,0%

Others 19.374 22,8% Selectivepickup 0 0,0%

Paperandcardboard 9.914 11,7% Selectivepickup 7.931 9,4%

Lightpackaging 2.550 3,0% Noselectivepickup 0 0,0%

Reduce generation

Glass 7.319 8,6% Selectivepickup 6.587 7,8%

Vegetaloil 300 0,4% Specialmanagement 240 0,3%

Toxics andpollutants 135 0,2% Specialmanagement 0 0,0

Total 84.799 100,0% 14.758 17,4%

selective pick up

Mallorca island garbage management (2008)

o a person ay ,

Source:Environmental declarationoftheRCH2008(ISO14.001standards)

Destination Weig t tons % Destination %

Landfill 2338.041 32,5%Not recycled 74%

Energyrecovery 305.489 41,7%

Compost 128.621 17,6%

Improve recycling andcompost efficiency by city

garbage managersRecycling 55.594 8,1%

Total 549.904 100%

Source:MallorcaCouncil

36/46


37/46


Ex ected results scenarioThe key for selective separation increasing is to change the street containersbased model to door to door pick up model. It can improve separated garbage

.

17%

reciclado

10% Hotel:lessgeneration

throughout greenprocurementrecycled

48%

reciclado

.

rec cled

,

83%

noreciclado

xterna managers: ncrease

bothrecyclingandcomposting

oforganic,paper, glassand

lightpackaging.not

recycled

41%

norecicladoGarbagewhichcannotbe

compostedorrecycled.

not

recycled

current scenario future scenario

37/46


38/46


At least 50% garbage (non-recyclable material land filled and/or burned) reduction

could be reached.

na resu ts scenar o

100%Current situation

Future situation

1

0%

, ,

1

Garbage generated less garbage recycled and/or composted.38/46


39/46

Existing building Refurbished building

Extr.yfab.mats.Transporte

5,62%

0,31%8,26%

1,03%

1,99%

0,33%3,65%

1,89% Materials production

Transport

Obrarehab.Uso(Clim+ACS+ilum)

0,45%0,95%

Refurbishing

Use (HVAC+HW+L)

Mantenimento

Derribo

Maintenance

Demolition

4.856 KgCO2/m2 2.111 KgCO2/m

2

,91,19%

39/46


40/46

objectives level

40/46


41/46

Refurbishment costs: global and by indicator

, ,

3.134.555,98100%

1.495.183,2047,7%

1.423.088,4245,4%

216.284,366,9%

0,000%

/m2 /m2 /m2 /m2 /m2308,91 147,35 140,25 21,31 0,00

Invest recovery (annual energy price growth 1,5%, financial interest rate 5%)

Skinimprovement Facilities improvementBuildingworksinvestment: 457.523 532.843

Materialslifespan: 75years 25years

Energy and CO2 emissions savings

Benefitsin20years: 202.381 127.068

41/46


42/46

The HRC won the 2010 Property Hotel Award

42/46


43/46

The HRC after partial refurbishing(summer 2010, partially following the Palma Beach Refurbishing Model)

43/46


44/46

Palma Beach Environmental Quality Certification

Criteria for hotel buildings

ENERGYAND ATMOSPHERE 7/12

WATER 7/10

WASTE 3/12

INDOOR ENVIRONMENTQUALITY mandatory/optionalTHERMAL COMFORT 1 1

AIRQUALITY 4/8

NATURALLIGHTING 1/1

ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENT mandatory/optionalENVIRONMENTALPOLICY 3/3

BUILDING MANAGEMENT 4/10

GUESTS 1/1

HOTEL STAFF 2/4

SUPPLIERS 3/9

44/46


45/46


Water consumptionCO2 emissions, built area

(%

)

%

)

emissions

sumption

Existing building Existing buildingRefurbished building Refurbished building

C

O2

Water

con

CO2 emissions, existing buildingCO2 emissions, refurbished building

Water consumption, existing buildingWater consumption, refurbished building

46/46


46/46


Building sustainability

Environmental management Indoor environment quality

Accomplished criteria Total criteria Minimum criteria

46/46

101127 athens gwadel

Documents