105399078 hspa presentation

7/22/2019 105399078 HSPA Presentation

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Enhanced High-Speed Packet Access

Background: HSPA Evolution

Signaling Improvements

Architecture Evolution/ Home NodeB


2/32

HSPA+ (HSPA Evolution) Background

,need to continue enhancing the HSPA technology

3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) being standardized now, but not

223 HSDPA operators in service in 93 countries (Oct. 08)**

Investment protection needed for current HSPA deployments

HSPA+ effort introduced in 3GPP in March 2006

HSPA+ defines a broad framework and set of requirements for theevolution of HSPA

.-

Rel.-8: further uplink enhancements

*HSPA is the combination of HSDPA and HSUPA

**http://www.3gamericas.org/pdfs/Global_3G_Status_Update.pdf

UMTS Networks 2Andreas Mitschele-Thiel, Jens Mckenheim WS 2008

HSPA+ introduced to continue focus on enhancements to HSPA


3/32

HSPA+ Goals

- ,agreed that HSPA+ should:

Provide spectrum efficiency, peak data rates & latency comparable toLTE in 5 MHz

Exploit full potential of the CDMA air interface before moving to OFDM

Allow operation in an optimized packet-only mode for voice and data

Utilization of shared channels only

Be backward com atible with Release 99 throu h Release 6

Offer a smooth migration path to LTE/SAE through commonality, andfacilitate joint technology operation

,

HSPA evolution is two-fold

Improvement of the radio Architecture evolution


ggress ve goa s or en anc ng


4/32

Higher Order Modulations (HOMs)

Uplink Downlink

BPSK2 bits/s mbol 16QAM4 bits/s mbol 64QAM6 bits/s mbol

Increases the peak data rate in a high SNR environment

HOMs increase the number of bits/symbols transmitted, thereby

Very effective for micro cell and indoor deployments


ncreas ng e pea ra e


5/32

HOM Peak Rate Performance Benefits: DL 64-QAM & UL 16-QAM

Downlink Mb/s

42.2

Equal to LTE peak rates in 5 MHz2x2 SU-MIMO + 64 QAM in DL

16-QAM in UL**

HSPA+

(64 QAM & 2x2 MIMO*)The use of Higher OrderModulations significantlyncreases t e t eoret ca

peak rates of HSPA

HSPA+

(16 QAM & 2x2 MIMO)

28.0

rov es ata rate ene ts

for users in very goodchannel conditions (e.g.quasi-static or fixed users

HSPA+ (64 QAM)

14.0

.

Uplink

c ose o e ce cen er,lightly loaded conditions)

HSDPA (16 QAM)HSPA+ (16 QAM)

.

5.74

Theoretical Max Peak Rates In Perfect RF Conditions*Part of 3GPP Rel-8


good channel conditions**Using 2 resource blocks for PUCCH and max prime factor restriction = 5


6/32

HSDPA 64-QAM Micro Cell / Hotspot Deployment

~30% throughput increasefor top 10% users

Key assumptions: 500m inter-

site distance and 6dB attenuationfrom non-serving cells (models

Results from 3GPP R1-063415

site-to-site isolation)

2 Rx Antenna, Equalizer

Without 64-QAM With 64-QAM Gain

.

90%-tile Throughput(normalized for 1 user persector)

12 Mbit/s 15.6 Mbit/s 30%


HOMs provide significant improvements for hot spot deployments


7/32

Multiple Antenna Techniques

Node-BUE 1

Beamforming

Different data streams sent to different users using the same codes Im roves throu h ut even in low SINR conditions cell-ed e

Already supported in Release 5/6, works with single antenna UEs

-UE 2

Multiple data streams sent to the same user

Significant throughput gains for UEs in high SINR conditions

Double Transmit Adaptive Array (D-TxAA) was adopted for Rel-7

Node-B UE

FDD and is based on dual codeword SU-MIMO

C ose Loop Transm t D vers ty CLTD Improves reliability on a single data stream

Fall back scheme if channel conditions do not allow SMNode-B UE



8/32

Fixed Beam Switching (FBS)

From UL e.g. 4 beams

sector area by help of a fixed

number of beams

Selection

S-CPICH (per beam) is

introduced for improving UE

Beam specific secondary

scramblin codes can be

applied code limitation

preventable

xe spa a ers,

e.g. Butler-Matrix or

baseband

im lementation



9/32

Adaptive Beamforming/ Beam Pointing (BP)

User specific adaptive

spatial filtering User specific antenna patterns

are formed depending on a

pre-defined optimisation

criteria e. .

MaxSINR

MaxSNR

maxSNR significantly outper-forms maxSIR

measuremen s

For a low angular spread BP

is nearly equivalent to

Algorithm



10/32

Basic MIMO Channel

M Tx N Rx

Coding/Modulation/

Weighting/Mapping

Weighting/Demapping

Demodulation/Decoding

The MIMO channel consists of M Tx and N Rx antennas

Each Tx antenna transmits a different si nal

The signal from Tx antenna j is received at all Rx antennas i

Channel capacity can increase linearly

CMIMO min{M,N} CSISO



11/32

MIMO in HSPA+

Release 7 MIMO for HSDPA 2x2 D- xAA, Mo e 1 HS-DPCCH-only feedback (CQI and PCI reported on HS-DPCCH)

PARC Algorithm with support for dual stream and single stream (different from

EncodeChannel

interleave

Modulator

(16QAM, QPSK)

V11

Stream 1 Antenna 1

V12

V21Stream 2 Antenna 2

Encode

interleave (16QAM, QPSK)



12/32

MIMO Performance Benefits

- . .

2x2 D-TxAA MIMO provides significant experienced peak, mean & cell edgeuser data rate benefits for isolated cells or noise/coverage limited cells

2x2 D-TxAA MIMO provides 20%-60% larger spectral efficiency than 1x2

1.5

1.75

IM

Ov

s.

dC

ell

SISO (1x1)

MIMO (2x2)Note: All gainsnormalized toNear Cell Center

80

(%)of2x2

MSE

0.5

0.75

1

.

Gaino

f

M

anI

sol

at SISO Data Rate

40

60

iencyG

ai

ver1x2L

0

0.25

Near Cell Center Average Cell Cell Edgeata

Rate

S

ISOf

o

0

20

Interference Limted Isolated Cellpe

ctralEffi

MIMO

Location SystemS


for isolated, noise limited cells


13/32

HSDPA UE Physical Layer Capabilities

HS-DSCH Maximum number Su orted Modulation Minimum Maximum Total number of Theoretical

Category

of HS-DSCH multi-codes

Formats

inter-TTIinterval

MAC-hs TB size

soft channel bits

maximum datarate (Mbit/s)

Category 1 5 QPSK, 16QAM 3 7298 19200 1.2




Category 5 5 QPSK, 16QAM 1 7298 57600 3.6Cate or 6 5 PSK 16 AM 1 7298 67200 3.6





Category 11 5 QPSK 2 3630 14400 0.9

Category 12 5 QPSK 1 3630 28800 1.8

Cate or 13 15 PSK 16 AM 64 AM 1 35280 259200 17.6

Category 14 15 QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM 1 42192 259200 21.1


Category 16 15 QPSK, 16QAM 1 27952 345600 28.0Category 17 15 QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM/

MIMO: QPSK, 16QAM

1 35280/

23370

259200/

345600

17.6/

23.3

Category 18 15 QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM/

MIMO: QPSK, 16QAM

1 42192/

27952

259200/

345600

21.1/

28.0




cf. TS 25.306Note: UEs of Categories 15 20 support MIMO


14/32

E-DCH UE Physical Layer Capabilities

E-DCH Max. num. Min SF EDCH TTI Maximum MAC-e Theoretical maximum PHYCategory Codes TB size data rate (Mbit/s)

Category 1 1 SF4 10 msec 7110 0.71

Cate or 2 2 SF4 10 msec/ 14484/ 1.45/2 msec 2798 1.4


Category 4 2 SF2 10 msec/ 20000/ 2.0/2 msec 5772 2.89


Category 6 4 SF2 10 msec/ 20000/ 2.0/2 msec 11484 5.74

Category 7(Rel.7)

4 SF2 10 msec/2 msec

20000/22996

2.0/11.5

NOTE 1: When 4 codes are transmitted in parallel, two codes shall be

transmitted with SF2 and two codes with SF4

NOTE 2: UE Cate or 7 su orts 16 AM


cf. 25.306


15/32

Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC)

Uplink DPCCH gating duringPrior to Rel-7

inactivity significant reductionin UL interference

Data

Pilot

-

New uplink DPCCH slot formatoptimized for transmission

Rel-7 using CPC

Data

DPCCH only

o

HS-SCCH-less transmission introduced to reduce si nalin bottleneck for real-time-services on HSDPA


real-time services (e.g. VoIP)


16/32

CPC Performance Benefits

CPC provides up to a factor of two VoIP on HSPA capacity benefit comparedto Rel-99 AMR12.2 circuit voice and 35-40% benefit compared to Rel-6 VoIP

3 R'99 Circuit Voice

2

2.5

ofCP VoIP on HSPA (Rel'6)*

VoIP on HSPA (CPC)*

Note: All

1

1.5

cityGai capacity gains

normalized toAMR12.2Circuit Voice

0

0.5

IP

Cap Capacity

AMR12.2 AMR7.95 AMR5.9V


prov es s gn can o on capac y ene s

* All VoIP on HSPA capacities assume two receive antennas in the terminal


17/32

Always On Enhancement of CPC

_

Reduces signaling load and battery consumption (in combination with DRX)

Allows users to be kept in CELL_DCH with HSPA bearers configured

Need to page and re-establish bearers leads to call set up delay

Incomin

UE in

URA_PCH

CPC allows users to

kept in CELL_DCH

UE in

CELL_DCH

callPage UE

Paging

ResponseWithout CPC, users

Send data almostImmediately

(


18/32

Enhanced CELL_FACH & Enhanced Paging Procedure

_

state, eventually fall back toCELL_PCH/URA_PCH

HSPA+ introduces enhancements toreduce the delay in signaling thetransition to CELL_DCH use of

HSDPA in CELL_FACH and

UE in

URA_PCH_ s a es ns ea o -

CCPCH

Enhanced CELL_FACH

call Page UE

Paging

Use HSDPA forfaster

transmission ofsignaling

In Rel.-8 work item opened to improveRACH procedure

-

CELL_FACH 2ms framelength with up to4 retransmissions

_ bearers

CELL_DCH

Send data


En ance CELL_FACH/Pag ng/RACH re uces setup e ay mproves PoC


19/32

E-RACH High level description

-

Transition to E-DCH transmission in CELL_FACH

Possibility to seamlessly transfer to Cell_DCH

NodeB can control common E-DCH resource in CELL_FACH

Resource assignment indicated from NodeB to UE

Transmission starts

with power ramping

on preamble

NodeB responds by

allocating common E-DCH

resources

UE starts common E-DCH

transmission.

F-DPCH for power control, E-AGCHreserved for E-DCH

access

for rate control, E-HICH for HARQ

#0 #1 #2 #3 #14#13#12#11#10#9#8#7#6#5#4#0 #1 #2 #3 #14#13#12#11#10#9#8#7#6#5#4

p-

a

#0 #1 #2 #3 #14#13#12#11#10#9#8#7#6#5#4#0 #1 #2 #3 #14#13#12#11#10#9#8#7#6#5#4PRACH

access

slots

Access slot set 1 Access slot set 2

#0 #1 #2 #3 #14#13#12#11#10#9#8#7#6#5#4#0 #1 #2 #3 #14#13#12#11#10#9#8#7#6#5#4


10 ms 10 ms


20/32

UTRAN Architecture

Core Network

RNS RNS

Iu Iu

TCP RTT:

~300ms

SDU buffer

RNC RNCIur

Node B Node B Node B Node B

uPriority Queue

MAC-hs RTT:

~10ms

UE

:

~100ms

Multiple ARQ loops at different levels



21/32

RLC Throughput Limit vs. RLC Window Size

Theoretical limit:PHY >> RLC

roug pu m vs. n ow ze;

RLC payload = 320bits; Parameter = RLC RTT [ms]

14.00

Options to increasedata rate

Increase PDU size/

10.00

12.00

ps]

RLC window

Reduce RTT

4.00

6.00

.

Rmax[Mb

100120

0.00

2.00 Limit to safelyavoid protocol

error.

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500

RLC Window Size [#PDUs]


HSDPA increases peak data rate significantly, while it does not reduce RLC RTT equivalently !


22/32

Enhanced Layer-2 Support for High Data Rates

new peak rates offered by HSPA+features such as MIMO & 64-QAM

RLC-AM eak rate limited to ~13

1500 byte IP packet

RLC-AM

ra c ow or user

Mbps, even with aggressivesettings for the RLC PDU size and

RLC-AM window size

802 802802

MAC-hsRLC-AM PDU

x19

.. Rel6

Release 7 introduces new Layer-2features to improve HSDPA

Flexible RLC PDU size

22 bits

802 802802

MAC-hs PDU

..

-e s ayer segmentat on

reassembly (based on radioconditions)

-

1500 byte IP packet

-

Traffic flow i for user k

1500 byte IP packet

-

Traffic flow j for user k

Release 8 improves E-DCH

MAC-i/ MAC-is2

RLC-AM PDU

1500 2

RLC-AM PDU

1500

Rel7MAC-ehs

15001

-

1500


Layer-2 enhancements to support higher rates of HSPA+

-


23/32

MAC-ehs in NodeB

MAC-ehs Functions (TS 25.321)

Flow Control

Scheduling/ Priority handling

HARQ handling

TFRC Selection

MAC-ehs

Priority Queue

distribution

MAC-d flows

Scheduling/Priority handling

Priority Queue Mux

SegmentationMAC Control

PriorityQueue

PriorityQueue

PriorityQueue

Segment

ation

egmen

ation

egmenation

Priority Queue MUX

TFRC selection

HARQ entity

HS-DSCHAssociated DownlinkSignalling

Associated UplinkSignalling



24/32

Evolved HSPA Architecture (1) Objectives

Further improve latency and bit rate with limited and controlled hardware andsoftware impacts

Take advantage of these improvements as soon as today

E.g. independently of the availability of the SAE Core

Operate as a packet-only network based on shared channels only

Backwards compatible with legacy terminals

Simple upgrade of existing infrastructure (for both hardware, software)



25/32

Evolved HSPA Architecture (2) Full RNC/NodeB collapse

2 deployment scenarios: standalone UTRAN or carrier sharing withlegacyUTRAN

Evolved HSPA- stand-alone Evolved HSPA- with carrier sharingEvolved HSPA- stand-alone Evolved HSPA- with carrier sharing

GGSN

GGSN

Iu

GGSN

GGSN

Iu

SGSNUserplane: Iu/Gn

(onetunnel)Control

RNC

Legacy

SGSNUserplane: Iu/Gn

(onetunnel)Control

RNC

Legacy

Userplane: Iu/Gn

(onetunnel)Control

plane: Iu EvolvedHSPA

NodeB

Iur

UTRANUserplane: Iu/Gn

(onetunnel)Control

plane: Iu EvolvedHSPA

NodeB

UTRAN

EvolvedHSPA

NodeB

Iur NodeB

NodeBEvolvedHSPA

NodeB

Iur NodeB

NodeB



26/32

Evolved HSPA Architecture (3): Key features

Optimal efficiency with all radio functions grouped together (Radio bearercontrol, RRC, handover control, RLC/MAC)

Optimisation of resources

Central mana ement of common channels

Synergy with LTE

,

Ciphering and compression already in NodeB+ (with decision of PDCP inLTE eNodeB)



27/32

Home NodeB Background

the customers premise

Connected via customers fixed linee. . DSL

Small power (~100mW) to onlyprovide coverage inside/ close to

the building

Advantages

Improved coverage esp. indoorUE

Single device for home/ on themove

Special billing plans (e.g. homezone)

ChallengesIP Network

Gateway

Interference

Security

Costs


CN

Home NodeB architecture principles based on extending Iu interface


28/32

Home NodeB architecture principles based on extending Iu interfacedown to HNB (new Iuh interface)

RAN Gateway Approach with new Iuh Interface

pproac

Leverage Standard CN Interfaces (Iu-

CS/PS)

Mobile CS/PS Core

CN Interface

Iu-CS/PS

Minimise functionality within Gateway

Move RNC Radio Control Functions toRNC RAN GW

Iuh

Home NodeB and extend Iu NAS &

RAN control layers over IP network

Features

Security architecture

Plug-and-Play approach

NodeB HNB

Femto local control protocol

CS User Plane protocol


FMS interface


29/32

Summary

- .-

Investment protection for HSPA operators

Fill the gap before deployment of LTE

Provide alternative to LTE in some selected scenarios

Higher peak data rates

Signaling improvements

Arc itecture evo ution

HSPA+ features were designed to provide a smooth evolution from Rel-99 orRel-5/Rel-6 HSPA by enabling:

Backwards compatibility

Le ac Rel-99 Rel-5 Rel-6 terminals can be su orted on an HSPA+ carriersimultaneously with HSPA+ traffic

New HSPA+ terminals likely with support Rel-99 and/or Rel-5/Rel-6 HSPA



30/32

A Smooth Evolution to HSPA+

HSPA+HSUPA

2006 2007 2008 20092005

HSDPAW-CDMA

DL: 2 Mbps

UL: 384 kbps

DL: 14.0 Mbps

UL: 384 Kbps

DL: 14.0 Mbps

UL: 5.74 Mbps

DL: 28.0 Mbps

UL: 11.5 Mbps

DL: 42.2 Mbps

UL: 11.5 Mbps

HSPA+IMPLEMENTATION

HSPA+ Key Takeaways

Higher Bit Rates &

Increased Capacity

More than 2x HSPA peak rates,

35-40% improvement in VoIP capacity64-QAM DL/16-QAM UL,MIMO, L2 enh., CPC

Reduced Delay

Saves 100s of ms of setup delay

Coexistence with Rel99/HSDPA/HSUPA,

Enhanced CELL_FACH/

RACH/ Paging,

Architecture

moo vo u on o + ,availability expected 2008-2009

-


architecture evolution; smooth migration to LTE


31/32

HSDPA References

apers:

A. Toskala et al: High-Speed Packet Access Evolution (HSPA+) in 3GPP,Chapter 15 in Holma/ Toskala: WCDMA for UMTS, Wiley 2007

R. Soni et al: Intelligent Antenna Solutions for UMTS: Algorithms andSimulation Results, Communications Magazine, October 2004, pp. 2839

Standards TS 25.xxx series: RAN Aspects

TR 25.308 HSDPA: UTRAN Overall Description (Stage 2)

. n ance p n : vera escr p on age

TR 25.903 Continuous Connectivity for Packet Data Users

TR 25.876 Multiple-Input Multiple Output Antenna Processing forHSDPA

TR 25.999 HSPA Evolution beyond Release 7 (FDD)

TR 25.820 Rel.-8 3G Home NodeB Stud Item Technical Re ort



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Abbreviations

AICH Acquisition Indicator ChannelAMR Adaptive Multi-Rate

BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying

Mux Multiplexing

PARC Per Antenna Rate Control

PCI Precoding Control Information

CPC Continuous Packet Connectivity

CQI Channel Quality Information

DSL Digital Subscriber Line-

PDU Protocol Data Unit

Rx Receive

RTT Round Trip Time

F-DPCH Fractional Dedicated Physical ControlChannel

GW Gateway

HNB Home NodeB

SAE System Architecture Evolution

S-CPICH Secondary Common Pilot Channel

SDMA Spatial-Division Multiple-Access

HOM Higher Order Modulation

HSPA High-Speed Packet-AccessIA Intelligent Antenna

LTE Long Term Evolution

SINR Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio

SISO Single-Input Single-Output

SM Spatial Multiplexing

MAC-ehs enhanced high-speed Medium AccessControl

MAC-i/is improved E-DCH Medium AccessControl

MIMO Multi le-In ut Multi le-Out ut

VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol

64QAM 64 (state) Quadrature AmplitudeModulation


105399078 hspa presentation

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