11 uso curs 08.ppt -...
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Cursul 8
8Recapitulare21 noiembrie 2011
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Moto
Repetitio mater studiorum est.
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Compilare și execuție
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cod sursă cod preprocesat
preprocesor
(GNU CPP)
gcc -E
cod preprocesat limbaj de asamblare
compilator
(GCC)
gcc -c
limbaj de asamblare cod obiect
asamblor
(GAS)
gcc -S
cod obiect executabil
linker
(ld)
gcc
executabil proces
loader
(ld-linux.so)
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Code reviews – WTFs/minute
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Suport curs
• Cursul 1: Introducere in sisteme de operare
• Cursul 2: Sistemul de fisiere
• Cursul 3: Gestiunea utilizatorilor
• Cursul 4: Procese
• Cursul 5: Considerente hardware. Initializarea sistemului
• Cursul 6: Interfata in linia de comanda
• Cursul 7: Compilare si executie
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Cine este persoana?
• Dennis Ritchie
• Ken Thompson
• Donald Knuth
• Bram Moolenar
• Alan Cox
• Edsger W. Djikstra
• Jeffrey Ullman
• Vinton Cerf
• Tim Berners-Lee
• Bruce Schneier
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Ce inseamna logo-ul?
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Ce companie produce?
• Windows
• MySQL
• Mac OS X
• Android
• Firefox
• Kindle
• Opteron
• Linksys
• Photoshop21.11.2011 8
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Match pe acronim
• Din domeniul IT
• ..B (oricare doua litere urmate de B)
• .F. (F in mijlocul a doua litere)
• R.. (incepe cu R urmat de doua litere)
• Are 4 litere
• Are doar vocale
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Ce inseamna acronimele?
• GNU
• Daemon
• PHP
• RPM
• ELF
• POST
• PE
• GCC
• NTFS21.11.2011 10
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Vechime distributii Linux
• Sortati in ordinea vechimii (cele mai vechi primele)
• Slackware
• Debian
• Fedora
• Red Hat
• Gentoo
• Mandrake/Mandriva
• SuSE
• Ubuntu
• Arch
• PC Linux OS21.11.2011 11
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Comenzi si categorii
• Categorii: fisiere, utilizatori, procese, hardware, kernel,
compilare
• Comenzi: ps, ls, gcc, stat, pidstat, lsof, pidof, lshw, lspci,
dmesg, make, touch, lsmod, dd, passwd, sudo, mount,
useradd, as, nm, ldd, df, readelf, ar, zip, last, finger
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Concepte si categorii
• Categorii: fisiere, utilizatori, procese, hardware, kernel,
compilare, shell
• Concepte: PID, ELF, biblioteca, mnemonica, UID, root,
ACL, glob, link, /, MD5, shared object, shadow, init, driver,
northbridge, CMOS, GID, chainloading, redirectare,
variabila de mediu
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Enumerati secvente
• Precizati secvente intalnite pana acum
– Etape/faze
– Ordine functie de viteza sau dimensiune
– Cronologie de actiuni
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Traduceti expresia regulata
• a*b*c+d.?
• ^ab?[d-h][0-9]*
• (a|b)+d[^ \t]+
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Traduceti glob-ul
• a*.c*d
• ^hd$a
• a+b?*d
• [a-z]*[0-9]+
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Extensii fisiere: binare sau text
• .s, .h, .exe, .conf, .ko, .o, .so, .a, .deb, .gz, .tar, .c, .i, .lst,
.php, .py, .xml, .html, .db, .m, .swf, .wav, .png, .svg, .pdf,
.ps, .torrent, .vmx, .vmdk, .doc, .odt
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Concepte care ...
• Incep cu litera s (engleza sau romana)
• Se termina in litera r (engleza sau romana)
• Contine litera a si litera t (engleza sau romana)
• Contine literele a, e si o (engleza sau romana)
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Varful ierarhiei/originea lucrurilor
• Exemple de concepte, elemente care reprezinta un varf
de ierarhie sau o origine, un punct de start
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Elemente numerice aferente
• In ce se masoara? Contin X elemente ...
• Procesor
• Memorie
• Hard-disk
• Proces
• Fisier executabil
• Fisier cod sursa
• Kernel
• Partitie21.11.2011 20
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1 – Elemente unice la nivelul SO
• Exemple de elemente care se gasesc in cantitate de 1 la
nivelul sistemului de operare
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2 – Elemente/concepte la nivelul SO
• Exemple de elemente care se gasesc in cantitate de 2 la
nivelul sistemului de operare (ganditi-va la “perechi”)
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Persoane importante in cadrul companiilor
• Apple
• Microsoft
• Oracle
• Amazon
• Red Hat
• IBM
• Intel
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Comenzi care operareaza pe fisiere ...
• Doar text
• Doar binare
• Text sau binare
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Ce contine?
• Un executabil
• MBR-ul
• Un proces
• Un fisier sursa
• Un pachet software
• Un hard disk
• Un sistem de fisiere
• Memoria RAM
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Comenzi care ofera facilitati similare
• Sau exista zone de intersectie
• Exemplu: ps si top
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Autorii limbajelor
• C
• C++
• Java
• Python
• Perl
• PHP
• Ruby
• Scheme
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The End
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