27-26.63;27-0107

LXVII1(2008)122137

:

Abstract. . - - . , , - . - - . - , . , , .

- . Re li gi on-sgeschic htlic he Schu le, , - , .1 , - 1970- 1980- , - , , - . , - , , ( ) . , . - .

, -

1 : A. Golitzin, The Image and Glory of God in Jacob of Serugs Homily, On that Chariot that Ezekiel the Prophet Saw, Scrinium 3, 2007, . 182.

: 123

- .2 - . , - . - . - . - . - - - - . , (VI:2) - (. 1:28) ( - ) .3 , (1. . 37:3), ( 97).4 , 4 5 , ( : atra), / , , , . - . , . (7, 12, 13 14) . , . - ( ).5 , . - : . ( 5), , ( 9), ( 16) - .

2 (), ( ); S. Mitchell, The Cult of Theos Hypsistos between Pagans, Jews, and Christians, in: PaganMonotheisminLateAntiquity, ( P. Athanassiadi M. Frede, Oxford, Clarendon Press, New York, Oxford University Press), 1999, . 127 .

3 . .4 E. Hennecke, NewTestamentApocrypha ( Wilhelm Schneelmelcher,

2; Philadelphia, Westminster Press), 1964, . 503.5 Trees,Earth,and

Torah ( A. Elon, N. M. Hyman A. Waskow; Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society), 2000.

124

XIV 664:1-7. , 23-25 . ( - ) .

, - . -, - . - , , . 4, 21 23 ( ) .

: 4 4. . -. - . -, ,* .6

. . 9. .7 , - . , , , , .8

. , terminustechnicus .9 atra, - ma qom . - , (. 1. . 28:11 16-19 - ; 2. . 3:5 - ; 5. . 12:5, 11 - - - ), - .10

6 phrem, HymnsonParadise ( S. P. Brock, New York, Crestwood, St. Vladimirs Seminary Press, 1990), . 110.

7 . 14-18.8 A. Golitzin, ThePlaceofthePresenceofGod:AphrahatofPersias

PortraitoftheChristianHolyMan.AnEssayinHonorofArchimandriteAimilianosoftheMonasteryofSimonosPetras,MountAthos, . 8-9 http://www.marquette.edu/maqom/aimilianos 04. 12. 2007.

9 Ibid.10 A. Golitzin, ThePlace, . 8-9.

: 125

(. . 24:3) . 17:12, - . . 3:12 , - ( 316), (348), (), (), [ - ] () (339:143). , ma qom - - ( ).11 - . ... . , . ( 10),12 .

atra - - . . , XIV:35 (660:23-665-9) - , , - .13 . , atra . (660:23), (661:24) ha ma-qom, , (664:11) [] .14 . - .

- , - ( - , . ) . , - .

. - / . - , (VI:10: [] ). 4. . - / , - ( ,* -

11 A. Golitzin, ThePlace, . 8.12 Ephrem, HymnsonParadise, . 112.13 A. Golitzin, ThePlace, . 3-5.14 A. Golitzin, ThePlace, . 6.

126

,* * ).15 , . / , .16

O . - / -, . , . - . . , -, ( ); . 3. . 9:24 ( - ), 1. . 18:38 ( ), 1. . 21:26 2. . 7:1 ( ).17 . - / -. , - / -. - . - , .

. / - . . - ( 1 . 4:4).18 - - , .19 - , . . , -.20 . .

15 Ephrem, HymnsonParadise, . 110.16 7.

8. ; Ephrem, HymnsonParadise, . 111.17 /

. .- Liber Antiquitatum Biblicarum 42:9 5:284. , . .-, 3. . 9:23. S. P. Brock, Fire from Heaven: from Abels Sacrifice to the Eucharist. A Theme in Syriac Christianity, StudiaPatristica 25 (1993), . 230; S. P. Brock, TheSyriacFathersonPrayerandtheSpiritualLife, (. S. P. Brock; Kalamazoo, MI: Cistercian Publications: 1987), . 3.

18Ephrem, CommentaryonGenesis III.3; Ephrem Syrus, TheArmenianCommentaryonGenesisattributedtoEphremtheSyrian ( E. G. Matthews; CSCO 572, Louvain, Peeters, 1998), . 32; S. P. Brock, FirefromHeaven, . 232.

19 17.20 Bedjan V, .9; S. P. Brock, FirefromHeaven, . 232.

: 127

. - . /- 88.21 , - .22

. . 6:6-7 ( ), 1. . 18 - . . - , , - ( - / ; . - ), .23 , - ( ) / , - . (. -, , ).24

- . . , - . - , . . , - 24. , . ( . 1). , . - , - . 1. . 4:4 , . - .

21 , ; Justin Martyr, DialoguewithTrypho 88 (ANF 1:243); S.P. Brock, FirefromHeaven, . 235.

22 . - 4. .

23 Ephrem, HymnonFaith 10:8-11 St.Ephrem:AHymnontheEucharist ( S. P. Brock; Hymns on Faith, No. 10; Lancaster: J. F. Coakley, University of Lancaster-Department of Religious Studies, 1986); S.P. Brock, FirefromHeaven, . 235 S. Griffith, Spirit in the Bread; Fire in the Wine: Eucharist as the Living Medicine in the thought of Ephrem the Syrian, ModernTheology 15:2 (1999): 225-246 ( . 240 ).

24 Bedjan II, .216; S. P. Brock, FirefromHeaven, . 236.

128

: 21

. - , - , . . , . - , - .

, , . . 21. - . - , (VI:21). . 1. . 2:7, , , , . , ( - ), .

. - - . , - . , - . 2. 30:13 , . : ( = - ), ( = ), ( = ), ( = ), .25 , .26 , ( ) .27

, . , , - , . , ; , ; - , ; , .28

25 A. E. Orlov, TheEnochMetatronTradition (Texts and Studies in Ancient Judaism 107, Tuebin-gen, Mohr Siebeck, 2005), . 240.

26 J. J. Collins, Sibylline Oracles, : TheOldTestamentPseudeipgrapha ( 1; J.H. Char-lesworth, New York, Doubleday, 1985 [1983]), 1.355-6.; A. E. Orlov, TheEnochMetatronTradition, . 240-41.

27 M. P. E. Berthelot Ch.-Em. Ruelle, Collectiondesanciensalchemistesgrecs(2 vols.; Paris: Georges Steinheil, 1888) 2.231.; cf. A. E. Orlov, TheEnochMetatronTradition, 241.

28 ,

: 129

- . . (PirkedeRabbiEliezer 11) : [] ...29 , 6-12: : .30

, 1. . 2:7 . . , . . 833. . , - 14. . , . , . . - 4. ( ) 9. 14. - , . , - . :23 - . 23. . - -. , , - ( ) . - - - ( . 1:4 ).31

23. . - , 2 . 2:11, ,

() , , . : ASynopsisof theBooksofAdamandEve.SecondRevisedEdition (eds. G. A. Andreson, and M. E. Stone; Early Judaism and Its Literature 17; Atlanta: Scholars, 1999) 96E.; A. E. Orlov, TheEnochMetatronTradition, . 241 ( 136).

29 Pirke de Rabbi Eliezer ( G. Friedlander, New York: Herman Press, 1965), . 76.; A.E. Orlov, The EnochMetatronTradition, . 243.

30TheChroniclesofJerahmeel ( M. Gaster, Oriental Translation Fund 4, London, Royal Asi-atic Society, 1899), . 14.; A. E. Orlov, TheEnochMetatronTradition, . 243-44.

31 A. Golitzin, The Image and Glory of God in Ja-cob of Serugs Homily, On that Chariot that Ezekiel the Prophet Saw, Scrinium 3, 2007, . 180-212.

130

. : , . , - . ? - ? - . - , ( ). , , / / , // , ( . 1:13), ( . 1:27). .

, , (2. . 2:11). ( - ; : ) - - . - , . - () .

, - , , . - , . - ( 1. . 5:21-24), .32 , ( - ) :

[] [] . , , ; . [ ] , [ ]. (2 22)33

, 3., - , , - -

32 E. Isaac, 1 (Ethiopic Apocalypse of) Enoch, : TheOldTestamentPseudepigrapha (vol. 1; ed. J.H. Charlesworth; New York: Doubleday, 1985 [1983]) 1.5 ( 1).

33 F. I. Andersen, 2 (Slavonic Apocalypse of) Enoch, TheOldTestamentPseudepigrapha ( 1; J.H. Charlesworth, New York, Doubleday, 1985 [1983]) 1.138-39.

: 131

( ),34 , . (cf. ). - - , - ( - ). , - 3. 14, -, .35

. - 2. . 2:11, 3.- () . 22. . - : , - .36 , ( ). -, . , , 2. 22.

- , - ( 3.10)37 . - .

. - - . - - , , - . , , - , .

, - / () . , . . - , . . , . , , - -, - .

34 The Book of Enoch by Rabby Ishmael the High Priest, TheOldTestamentPseudepigrapha 1; J.H. Charlesworth; New York: Doubleday, 1985 [1983]) 1.265. 3. , 5-6. , - .

35 The Book of Enoch by Rabby Ishmael the High Priest, 1.266-67.36 Ephrem, HymnsonParadise, . 117.37 The Book of Enoch by Rabby Ishmael the High Priest, 1.263-64.

132

24. , . ( ; . 4:13 23) , :

* ,* * ;* ,* -.* * ,* ,* ,* ,* .38

3. 12 - ( ), . - , , - - , . - . (9:2426), - [ ], , - .39 , ( - , . ) . .

, . 24. - , - ( - ) . .

: 1. ( 4. ), 2. . , 22. , . ( ,* ), 24. .40 , 9. . - ,* ,* ... ,* .41 Kao .

38 Ephrem, HymnsonParadise, . 118.39 The Martyrdom and Ascension of Isaiah, in: TheOldTestamentPseudepigrapha ( 1;

J.H. Charlesworth; New York: Doubleday, 1985 [1983]) 2.171. 40 Ephrem, HymnsonParadise, . 117.41 Ephrem, HymnsonParadise, . 112.

: 133

, . .42 . - . , 9. , , 23. 13, , - .43 . 2:14, 16. 9, 1. 43, 16:10, 3. 2, 9, 26. 6 17. 10.44

. , - ..45 , (), - ,46 . , , - , - .47 , , - 11:11 . : [] , . , - 21:3 6: , .48 - . - - , , , -

42 S. Brock,TheLuminousEye:TheSpiritualWorldVisionofSaitnEphremtheSyrian (Cistercian Studies Series 124; Kalamazoo, MI: Cistercian Studies, 1992 [1985]), . 85.

43 Ephrem the Syrian, Hymns ( Kathleen E. McVey; The Classics of Western Spirituality; New York, Mahwah: Paulist Press, 1989); S. Brock, TheLuminousEye, . 85-86.

44 S. Brock, TheLuminousEye, . 87-89.45 A. Golitzin, RecoveringtheGloryofAdam:DivineLightTraditionsintheDeadSea

ScrollsandtheChristianAsceticalLiteratureofFourthCenturySyroMesopotamia, , St. Andrews, Scotland, 28. 2001, . 3. http:/www.marquette.edu/maqom/Recovering 4/12/2007.

46 . . , , . 8:6: ; . (, ) . a 1. . 3:21 ( , ); S. P. Brock, Clothing Metaphors as a Means of Theological Expression in Syriac Tradition, Typus,Symbol,Allegorie beidenoestlichenVaeternund ihrneParallelen imMittelalter (Eichstaetter Beitraege Band 4; M. Schmidt C. F. Geyer; Regensburg: Friedrich Pustet Verlag, 1982), 14, 15 29.

47 A. Golitzin, RecoveringtheGloryofAdam,. 3.48OdesofSolomon 21 ( 2, J.H. Charlesworth, New York: Doubleday, 1985 [1983])

134

.49 , , . , , , - .

, 9 22, - - - .50 . , - , - : 1QS IV 78, , 1.14:20 .51 , - (1QS IV 78) -. - , 3.12 9. , (LiberGraduum) - - . 9. . ... (M mr 3:9), - 52 (. - ).53 , - . / (. , , ).54

, . , -. . . 9. - -. , . - . 24. , , . - , -

49 Aphrahat, Demonstration236:18; A. Golitzin, RecoveringtheGloryofAdam, .3.50 A. Golitzin, RecoveringtheGloryofAdam, .4.51 Ibid.; A. Golitzin A. A. Orlov, Many Lamps are Lightened from the One: Par-

adigms of the Transformational Vision in the Macarian Homilies, Scrinium 3 (2007), 221 .52 .

, , ; LiberGraduum, Mmr 3:3 TheBookofSteps( R. A. Kitchen M. F. G. Parmentier; Cister-cian Studies 196; Kalamazoo, MI: Cistercian Publications, 2004), . 26.

53TheBookofSteps, . 30.54 A. Golitzin, RecoveringtheGloryofAdam,. 4-5.

: 135

.55 . ( ), , - .56 (. ) - . . .

o . - . , , - . , , - . . . - - . , . , - - , . , - . - , ( - ), -. . - ,

55 . - . - hdy (: ; , ). ( Ephrem, Hymns on Paradise VII:18, .125). (hdy) ( 345. ) . S. H. Griffith, Asceticism in the Church of Syria: The Hermeneutics of Early Syrian Monasticism : Asceticism ( V. L. Wimbusch R. Valantasis; New York, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1995), . 223-229; E. Beck, DesheiligenEphraemdesSyrersHymnendeParadisoundContraJulianum (CSCO 174; Louvain: Peeters, 1957), . 29; A. Golitzin, ThePlace, . 2.

56 A. G. Gottstein, The Body as Image of God in Rabbinic Literature HTR87:2 (1994), . 171-195 ( . 178-183); S. Brock, TheLuminousEye, 85-97, A. Golitzin, RecoveringtheGloryofAdam,. 4-5.

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Summary.In this work the author attempts to prove that St. Ephraim the Syri-ans Sixth Hymn on Paradise is a representative work testifying on his reliance on an entire spectrum of religious themes and ideas. As presented, a number of these themes are not corroborated by canonical biblical texts, thus indicating ex-tra-biblical sources. Concurrently, St. Ephraims choice, exegesis and use of bib-lical texts are a veritable testament of support to this thesis. Ephraim interprets the Holy Scripture by expanding biblical texts with older traditions belonging to the Judeo-Christian apocalyptic milieu characteristic to the Syrian authors of his time. It seems that there was no influence on fourth century Syrian authors by fathers from the Greek speaking regions. However, some of the ideas from Ephraims Sixth Hymn on Paradise may be found in later non-Christian works, even in Judaic texts produced a thousand years later. There is no evidence of any mutual influence between traditions or of any dialogue of ideas. Bearing in mind religious, chronological and geographical distances, any direct influences are unthinkable in this respect. Author accepts A. Golitsins opinion that there is an entire set of common apocalyptic/mystical traditions belonging to the Judeo-Christian milieu in the background. They seem to have been common initially, continuing to live on distinctively in these traditions long after their separation from each other.