1231楊裕雄 biochip
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Biochip
Biosensor or bioprocessor that utilizestechnologies of modern Biology and
Electronics in a micro scale.
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Types of BiochipDNA chip
Protein chip
Enzyme chip
Lab-on-a-chip
Biomolecular machineBiocomputer
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Physical methods
are the keys for many biologicalproblems
DNA sequencing
Protein structure
Spectrophotometry
Mass Spect
Electron microscope
Confocal
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Bio-physical methodsDNA sequencing
Protein structure
Spectrophotometry
Mass Spect
Electron microscopeConfocal
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Structure Determination
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Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Engineering, Department of Biological Science and Technology, NCTULaboratory of Enzyme and Protein Engineering, Department of Biological Science and Technology, NCTU
An ideal biochipSize-portable
Save energy-long term usageLow cost-mass production
High sensitivity-integration
Low sample requirementMicroarray-high thru put
Decreased invasiveness
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ASI Atomic Scale Integration
LSI Large Scale Integration
GSI Giga Scale Integration
MSI Medium Scale IntegrationTime evolution in computer technology from zero to atomic scale integration (Ciabrera et al., 1991; Nicolini, 1993).
ULSI Ultra Large Scale Integration
SSI Small Scale Integration
VLSI Very Large Scale Integration
ZSI Zero Scale Integration
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Features and factors of size reduction in microchip-based
analysis TIBTECHDECEMBER 1999 (VOL 17)
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Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Engineering, Department of Biological Science and Technology, NCTULaboratory of Enzyme and Protein Engineering, Department of Biological Science and Technology, NCTU
The size matter
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Biomolecular MachineMicrotubules and TheirMotors
SkeletalMuscle Myosin and muscle
contraction
A Proton Gradient Drives the
rotation of Bacterial Flagella
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DNA as Molecular Machine
Construction and operation of themolecular tweezers.A DNA-fuelled molecular machinemade of DNA
Bernard Yurke*, Andrew J. Turbereld*, Allen P. Mills Jr*, Friedrich C. Simmel*
& Jennifer L. Neumann*
NATURE | VOL 406 | 10 AUGUST 2000
Name Sequence Domain 1 Domain 2A 5 TGCCTTGTAAGAGCGACCAT CAACCTGGAATGCTTCGGAT 3
B 5 GGTCGCTCTTACAAGGCA CTGGTAACAATCACGGTCTATGCG 3
C 5 GGAGTCCTACTGTCTGAACTAACG ATCCGAAGCATTCCAGGT 3
F 5 CGCATAGACCGTGATTGTTACCAG CGTTAGTTCAGACAGTAGGACTCC TGCTACGA 3
F5 GGTCGCTCTTACAAGGCA CAGCTAGTTTCACAGTGGCAAGTC 3
K5 GCAGGCTTCTACATATCTGACGAG ATCCGAAGCATTCCAGGT 3
F&K5 CGCATAGACCGTGATTGTTACCAG CTCGTCAGATATGTAGAAGCCTGC ACGTCGAT 3
F'F5 GACTTGCCACTGTGAAACTAGCTG CGTTAGTTCAGACAGTAGGACTCC TGTCCAGA 3
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BiocomputerMemory-The design of a biochip: a self-assemblingmolecular-scale memory, Protein Engineering, 1, 295 (1987)
Switching devise-Biochemical switching devise:biomimetic approach and application to neural network study, J.of Biotech, 109, 109 (1992)
Logic gate-A biochemical logic gate using an enzymeand its inhibitor, Biotech Progress (1999)
Wire-Femtosecond direct observation of charge transferbetween bases in DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 19, 14052 (2000)
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Applications of DNA chip and microarray technologyPharmacogenomics (2000) 1(3):289-307
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Companies involved in developing microarray DNA-chip technology for pharmacogenomics
(from A to V)Pharmacogenomics (2000) 1(3):289-307
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Components of a
DNAmicrochip.Pharmacogenomics (2000) 1(3):289-307
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Types of transducerElectrical-current/voltage (FET, MOS),
charge, dielectricity
Optical-absorption, emission, phase change,polarisation/absorption (SPR), opto-ethermal
ThermalMagnetic-NMR, mass spect
Mechanical, frequency-surface acousticwave, quartz balance
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Electrochemical
Sensors
Principle:Anode: semi-oxidation reaction
Cathode: semi-reduction reaction
Example: Biofuel cell
Anode: glucosegluconolactone + 2H
++ 2e
-GOD
Cathode: O2 + 4H+
+ 4e-
2H2O
Laccase
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Biofuel Cell(J.A.C.S. 2001, 123, 8630)
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Surface Plasma Resonance
(SPR)
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Nanowire FET(Sience 293, 17, August, 2001)
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Semiconductor Devices as
Sensors of Biological Reactions
Enzymatic
Reaction
Mass
Electron
Heat
Charge
Light
Modified
Electrode
Thermometer
EnzymeFET
Photodiodes SAW