1950 - 1953 korean war 조국해방전쟁 한국전쟁 korean war, 1950-1953 during wwii which...
TRANSCRIPT
1950 - 1953
KOREAN WAR조국해방전쟁
한국전쟁
Korean War, 1950-1953• During WWII which country had
control of Korea? • After WWII, Korea was divided
into Communist North and democratic South Korea
• 1950 - North Korean communist forces cross the 38th parallel and invade South Korea.
• Truman orders U.S. forces to assist the South Koreans *WHY?
• The U.N. Security Council condemns the action and decides this should be a decision for the UN!
• Soviet Union absent from this VOTE
U.N’s Top 5U.S., USSR, Britain,
France… & TAIWAN?
•UN International force to Korea to stop the invasion!
•September 1950- N. Koreans controlled entire Korean peninsula except for a tiny area around Pusan.
•(1)South Korean’s still had a stronghold in Pusan. Troops move North.
•(2)General MacArthur launched a surprise attack at Inchon. Troops move South.
•SMUSH!!!
•(3)UN troops are able to push N. Koreans to China’s border. •Who feels threatened now?
THE FIGHT
COMMIE CHINA!• October 1950- China sends 300,000 troops into North Korea. • China pushes UN forces out of N. Korea and even Captures S. Korea’s capital, Seoul. • MACARTHUR RECOMMENDS ATTACKING CHINA• MacArthur convinced that Korea was the place“where the Communist conspirators have electedto make their play for global conquest”• Recommended attacking China & called for the use of nuclear weapons• Truman rejects MacArthur’s request
– Reminds MacArthur that USSR had mutual assistancePact with China & attacking China would lead to WWIII
• MacArthur tried to go over President’s head; • *Truman fired MacArthur
Settling for Stalemate
• Location of cease-fire line at the existing battle line • Establishment of a demilitarized zone between opposing sides• STALEMATE
– N. Korean invaders had been pushed back– Communism had been contained w/out use of
nuclear weapons
Kim Jong IlPassed away
December 2011
Kim Jong Uh
32 years old
The Vietnam War
1954 - 1975
The Vietnam War
1954 - 1975
Background to the War
Background to the War
France controlled France controlled ““IndochinaIndochina”” since the since the late 19late 19thth century century
Indochina consists of Vietnam, Laos & Indochina consists of Vietnam, Laos & CambodiaCambodia
Ho Chi Minh tried to gain independence Ho Chi Minh tried to gain independence for Vietnam since WWIfor Vietnam since WWI
France tried to regain control after WWIIFrance tried to regain control after WWII What country had taken control?What country had taken control? Vietnamese fight a guerrilla war against Vietnamese fight a guerrilla war against
reoccupationreoccupation
Background to the WarBackground to the War Vietnamese join together to fight Vietnamese join together to fight
France!France! Sound familiar? Sound familiar? France surrenders 1954France surrenders 1954 Vietnam divided at 17Vietnam divided at 17thth parallel parallel
O Ho Chi MinhHo Chi Minh’’ss nationalist nationalist (communists) (communists) forces controlled the Northforces controlled the North
O Ngo Dinh DiemNgo Dinh Diem, , ““democracydemocracy”” in South in SouthO France & U.S. establish the France & U.S. establish the
Anti-communist governmentAnti-communist government
In S.V. In S.V. – Familiar?Familiar?
*Ngo ruled the south as a dictator- the South *Ngo ruled the south as a dictator- the South Vietnamese suffered under his rule. Vietnamese suffered under his rule.
Early Protests of Ngo Dinh Diem’s Government
Early Protests of Ngo Dinh Diem’s Government
Self-immolation by a Buddhist Monk by a Buddhist Monk
• US Gov’t feels Vietnam is important to America.• Domino Theory-if SV falls to communism, other countries
will quickly follow (mainly in SE Asia)• Containment-larger US policy against communism; prevent
it from expanding its territory or spreading its influence
WHY did the USSupport the corrupt South?
Gulf of Tonkin• 1963 Ngo is assassinated (but not by who you
would think…)• August 1964- U.S. President Lyndon Johnson
sends troops “b/c two U.S. destroyers were attacked by N.V. patrol boats in Gulf of Tonkin.”
• ½ million soldiers by 1968.
[I]t is not simply that there is a different story as to what happened; it is that no attack happened that night.
Who Is the Enemy?Who Is the Enemy? VietcongVietcong:
Farmers by day; guerilla warriors at night; Farmers by day; guerilla warriors at night; willing to accept many casualtieswilling to accept many casualties
American sends more troops to avoid American sends more troops to avoid Vietcong takeover.Vietcong takeover.
U.S. army best trained army in world but U.S. army best trained army in world but losing to the Vietcong!losing to the Vietcong!
The guerilla wins if he does not The guerilla wins if he does not lose, the conventional army loses lose, the conventional army loses if it does not win.if it does not win. -- Mao Mao ZedongZedong
Vietcong
• Supported by many people in both South and North Vietnam.– South supports because
gov’t unpopular
• U.S. has trouble fighting on unfamiliar territory.
• Late 1960’s- US bombed farmland and forest (civilian targets)- U.S. protests.
Vietnamization
• Nixon’s Plan-1969- U.S. begins to withdraw troops & South Vietnam increases its
military role• Last U.S. forces leave in 1973• N. Vietnam overruns the South.• 1.5 million Vietnamese Dead• 58,000 American Dead • Anyone know a Vietnam Veteran?
– 22
The Fall of SaigonThe Fall of Saigon
South Vietnamese South Vietnamese Attempt to Flee the CountryAttempt to Flee the Country
The Fall of Saigon
The Fall of Saigon
America Abandons Its America Abandons Its EmbassyEmbassy
April 30, 1975April 30, 1975
The Fall of Saigon
The Fall of Saigon
North Vietnamese North Vietnamese at the Presidential Palaceat the Presidential Palace
Formerly Formerly SaigonSaigon
A United VietnamA United Vietnam