2 nax , , (< 15 ) , ). , . › el › undergrad › courses › ety225 › ... · 2018-10-14 ·...

7
38 2 NaX , , (< 15 ) , ( . . 2 , CO 2 , CH 4 2 ). . , . , . , . 1. SiO 4 AlO 4 - . , ( ) ( , D) (C, E). (F). ~4 .

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Page 1: 2 NaX , , (< 15 ) , ). , . › el › undergrad › courses › ETY225 › ... · 2018-10-14 · 42 80 C . . (KBr) . IR 400 1200 cm-1. ~5 ml 0.13 CaCl2 ~5 ml . 1. NanSi24-nAlnO36

38

2

NaX

, ,

(< 15 ) ,

( . . 2, CO2, CH4 2).

� �

.

, .

,

.

,

.

1. SiO4 AlO4-. ,

( )

( , D) (C, E).

(F). ~4

.

Page 2: 2 NaX , , (< 15 ) , ). , . › el › undergrad › courses › ETY225 › ... · 2018-10-14 · 42 80 C . . (KBr) . IR 400 1200 cm-1. ~5 ml 0.13 CaCl2 ~5 ml . 1. NanSi24-nAlnO36

39

SiO4 AlO4-.

1

.

SiO4 AlO4-,

,

,

(rings) (cages).

,

(channels) . ZSM-5 (Zeolite Socony

Mobil #5) �

10- 8- ( 2).

2. ZSM-5

/ K+, Na+, 4+, H+,

g2+ Ca2+ .

x/n[SiO2-xAlO2x]zH2O, x AlO4-

SiO4. AlO4-

, -1

n+ .

n+

.

100 gr

Page 3: 2 NaX , , (< 15 ) , ). , . › el › undergrad › courses › ETY225 › ... · 2018-10-14 · 42 80 C . . (KBr) . IR 400 1200 cm-1. ~5 ml 0.13 CaCl2 ~5 ml . 1. NanSi24-nAlnO36

40

(meq/100gr). ,

, ,

,

,

.

. ,

.

( . . ).

,

.

.

,

.

(6, 8, 10 12) . ,

( . . 8-12 )

, .

.

. , ,

.

.

( )

200 mL 3.45 g (2.45 mmol)

(Al(OCH2CH2CH3)3), 1.2 g (30 mmol) (NaOH)

4 mL .

70 C ,

Page 4: 2 NaX , , (< 15 ) , ). , . › el › undergrad › courses › ETY225 › ... · 2018-10-14 · 42 80 C . . (KBr) . IR 400 1200 cm-1. ~5 ml 0.13 CaCl2 ~5 ml . 1. NanSi24-nAlnO36

41

(

80 C). ,

.

:

Al(OC3H7)3 + NaOH + 3 H2O NaAl(OH)4 + 3 CH3(CH2)CH2OH (1)

.

.

( )

200 mL, 1.5 g (22.5 mmol)

(silica gel, SiO2), 1.2 g (30 mmol) 3 mL

. .

.

SiO2 + 2 NaOH Na2SiO3 + H2O (2)

Na

,

. 14 mL

.

,

90 C.

.

3-4 ,

2 .

2 ,

~75 ml . Na

(~50 mL).

Page 5: 2 NaX , , (< 15 ) , ). , . › el › undergrad › courses › ETY225 › ... · 2018-10-14 · 42 80 C . . (KBr) . IR 400 1200 cm-1. ~5 ml 0.13 CaCl2 ~5 ml . 1. NanSi24-nAlnO36

42

80 C

.

.

(KBr)

. IR 400 � 1200

cm-1.

.

.

~5 ml 0.13

CaCl2 ~5 ml . �

.

.

. ;

1.

NanSi24-nAlnO36 .

2. NaX

3. (IR).

4. -

Na+.

+ . Si/Al

.

D.J. Williams, B.E. Huck, A.P. Wilkinson. Chem. Educator 2002, 7, 33.

K.J. Balkus Jr., K.T. Ly. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 875.

Page 6: 2 NaX , , (< 15 ) , ). , . › el › undergrad › courses › ETY225 › ... · 2018-10-14 · 42 80 C . . (KBr) . IR 400 1200 cm-1. ~5 ml 0.13 CaCl2 ~5 ml . 1. NanSi24-nAlnO36

43

R.G. Copperthwaite, G.J. Hutchlngs, M. van der Rlet. J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 632-634.

R.M. Barrer. Hydrothermal Chemistry of Zeolites, Academic Press, New York, 1981

D.W. Breck. Zeolite Molecular Sieves, Wiley, New York, 1974

F. Blatter, E. Schumacher. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 519.

( . . SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, MCMs, )

Lewis,

, Brönsted,

( 1).

Brönsted

Brönsted

Lewis

Brönsted

1. .

Lewis ,

- - ( 3). Brönsted

- -

, -,

. Lewis Brönsted

( . 1)

L+ + H2O AB:OH + H+ (1)

Lewis L+ OH- ,

+.

Lewis silica 773 ,

Page 7: 2 NaX , , (< 15 ) , ). , . › el › undergrad › courses › ETY225 › ... · 2018-10-14 · 42 80 C . . (KBr) . IR 400 1200 cm-1. ~5 ml 0.13 CaCl2 ~5 ml . 1. NanSi24-nAlnO36

44

Brönsted, 4+,

.

,

Lewis (O- )

( 2- ).

,

.

, .

:

1) Brönsted Lewis

,

2) ( nm2

),

3) .

.

,

, , ( . . n- ,

pKa) .

(UV)

(H-NMR). �

( . .

)

.