11

What does industry need from universities?

11 January 2012

Kan Ogata Technology and Innovation Headquarters

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

UK-Japan Symposium on Building International University-Business Links

Industry Needs

22

MHI Products

・ 事業所技術部門（16,000人）・ 研究所 6ヶ所（2,100人）・ 先端科学技術の活用・ オープンイノベーションの推進（国内外の大学、研究法人と連携）

革新的製造加工技術 統合数値

シミュレーション

サプライチェーンマネジメント技術

センシング知能化技術

新材料利用技術

省エネルギー技術

エネルギー多様化技術

環境負荷低減技術

エネルギー貯蔵技術

資源循環利用技術未利用エネルギー

資源利用技術

営業・サービス技術

GTCC

ｴｺｼｯﾌﾟ

IGCC

APWR

FBRCCS

風車

太陽光

地熱

次世代自動車部品

超高効率ﾋｰﾄﾎﾟﾝﾌﾟ

次世代LRT･APM

高速鉄道

GTL/CTL

海洋開発

次世代ﾌｫｰｸ

宇宙機器宇宙開発

ＭＲＪ航空機

エネルギー発電

交通輸送

ﾊﾞｲｵﾏｽ

医療機械 印刷機械

工作機械

有機EL照明wakamaru

産業インフラ

環境装置

製鉄機械

リチウムイオン電池

環境社会

GTCC

ｴｺｼｯﾌﾟ

IGCC

APWR

FBRCCS

風車

太陽光

地熱

次世代自動車部品

超高効率ﾋｰﾄﾎﾟﾝﾌﾟ

次世代LRT･APM

高速鉄道

GTL/CTL

海洋開発

次世代ﾌｫｰｸ

宇宙機器宇宙開発

ＭＲＪ航空機

エネルギー発電

交通輸送

ﾊﾞｲｵﾏｽ

医療機械 印刷機械

工作機械

有機EL照明wakamaru

産業インフラ

環境装置

製鉄機械

リチウムイオン電池

環境社会

EnergyPower Generation

Industrial Infrastructure

Environmental Society

Innovative Manufacturing

Technology Integrated Numerical Simulation

Supply Chain Management Technology

Sales/Services Technology

Sensor Intelligence Technology

Resource Recycling Technology

Untapped Energy Application Technology

Environmental Load Reduction Technology

Energy Storage Technology

Energy Diversification Technology

Energy Saving Technology

New Material Application Technology

- Technical Divisions (16,000 staff)- 6 Research Centers (2,100 staff)- Use of Advanced Scientific Technologies- Promotion of Open Innovation (Collaboration with Domestic/Overseas Universities and Research Institutes)

Aircraft

Space Development

Space Equipment

Marine Development

Eco Vessel

High-Speed Railway

Next-Gen LRT/APM

Next-Gen Forklift

Next-Gen Automobile

Parts

Engineering Equipment

Printing Equipment Ironwork

Machinery Organic EL Lighting

Medical Equipment

Environmental System

Lithium-Ion Battery

Super High-EfficiencyHeat Pump

Geothermal

Biomass

Solar

Wind Turbine

Transportation

33

• Japan's corporate R&D spending decreased for two consecutive years following the Lehman Shock; total spending in 2009 was down 12 percent compared to previous year

• The majority of R&D spending was devoted to improvement of existing technologies and only a small (and dwindling) portion was directed to mid- to long-term R&D projects that are key for future growth, causing concerns for a lack of innovations leading to ground-breaking product development; the amount spent on duplicated R&D efforts among various companies is significant

Corporate R&D: Budget Cut, Shorter Timeframe, and Duplication

[Unit: trillion yen]

Data based on Scientific Technology Research Report published by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications

2010 Industrial Technology Research: Corporate Survey on Open Innovation (Number of respondents: 824)

Not duplicated

38%

Q: To the best of your knowledge, what is the percentage of your R&D projects that are duplicated with other company's?

Approx. 90%Approx. 10%1-2%

E.g., automobile model change, seasonal design change for mobile phones

Estimate based on interviews of engineering executives of 50 companies with large R&D spending concerning ratio of three research categories

R&D Budget Cut Shorter R&D Time Frame

Non-

conti

nuou

s re

sear

chCo

mmer

cially

via

ble re

sear

ch

Impr

ovem

ent

of ex

isting

tec

hnolo

gy Improvement of existing technology(commercialization in less than 3 years)

High-difficult technology; commercial viability currently unclear (commercialization in more than 10 years)

E.g., quantum dot solar cell, lithium-air battery, nanocarbon

Further improvement required; commercial viability (commercialization in 5-10 years)

E.g., organic EL, electric car, lithium-ion battery

R&D Duplication with Other Companies

44

• Recent public R&D projects are also facing shorter time frames; meanwhile, long-term projects conducted since the Oil Shock (e.g., Sunshine/Moonlight programs) are key factors in Japan's global lead in solar/fuel cell technologies

• Collaboration across ministries and agencies including MEXT and METI (both responsible for base technology development) critical in public R&D projects

Public R&D

Data based on METI report

U.S.-Japan Scientific Technology R&D Budget Comparisons

Key Public Projects Importance of Interagency Collaboration

Universities 36%

MEXT 67%

MHLW 67% MAFF

3%

National Science Foundation 3%

NASA8％ DOE 7% Other 7%

U.S.A.13.95 trillion yen

(2010)

Japan3.6485 trillion yen

(2011)

MOD 3%

Academic

Commercialization

Nat

iona

l Ins

titut

e of

Hea

lth

20%

Def

ense

Dep

t. 54

%

ME

TI

16%

Oth

er 8

%

National R&D Project Corporate Development Phase Commercialization

Firs

t Oil

Cris

is (1

973)

Pho

tovo

ltaic

Cel

l

Sunshine Program

Total Budget ¥515.6 Billion

Spending: Approx. ¥100 Billion (1974-1992)

New Sunshine ProgramTotal Budget: ¥354.7 BillionSpending: Approx. ¥70 Billion (1993-2000)

- 1999-2007: World’s Largest Market Sharefor Nine Consecutive Years

- 2009: Domestic Production of 1,500 MW (Approx. ¥500 Billion)Second Largest Market Share in the World (14.1%)

World’s Top Market Share (1999-2007)

Independent Development by Companies (1993- )

Implementation Subsidy (Residential)Approx. ¥133 Billion (1994- )

Implementations Using Government Subsidies: Approx. 300,000 Cases

Fuel

Cel

ls

Moonlight Program

Total Budget ¥129.5 Billion

Spending: Approx. ¥63 Billion (1981-2000)

Independent Development by Companies (1990- )

World's First Household Fuel Cell

System Development/Verification Study, etc.Approx. ¥83 Billion

Implementation SubsidyApprox. ¥13 Billion (2009- )

Implementations Using Government Subsidies: Approx. 10,000 Cases

Comm

ercia

lizati

on of

Ene

-Far

m

55

Scientific Technology R&D

Field of scientific technology: encompassing a wide range of disciplines from discovery (science)to application (technology)

Science: exploration of principles and truth

- Uncertain commercial viability

Technology: tool for practical applications

- Contribution to prosperous and safe society

All areas of scientific technology R&D from science to technology to be promoted through collaboration and appropriate distribution of roles between industry, academia and government

In 3-5 Yrs

Industry-Led Development of Necessary Technology

Scie

ntifi

c Te

chno

logy

Inno

vativ

enes

sU

ncer

tain

tyH

igh Science

(Government Initiative)

Low

Technology (Industry Initiative)

Innovative Technology for Change and Expansion of Industry Structure

Promising Technology That May Contribute to Human Progress (Commercial Viability Unclear)

Target Timeline In 5-15 Yrs 15 Yrs –

66

Role Distribution in Industry/Academia/Government Collaboration

Academia1. Create innovative ideas and bring

together various knowledge domains2. Foster high-achieving individuals capable

of succeeding in the world

Government1. Establish scientific technology strategy with clear vision for

the future2. Clarify R&D focus areas in accordance with strategy,

secure appropriate budget, coordinate infrastructure

Industry1. Transform science into practical application

through services, products and technologies that benefit society

2. Promote R&D, collaborate with national research institutes and universities, and mutually review and exploit the benefits of research outcomes

77

Industry/Academia/Government R&D Example: Gas Turbine

Target: Development of element technology capable of achieving combined generation efficiency of 56 percent and verification of system feasibility

Development time frame: 4 years (FY2008-2011), ongoing from FY 2012

Development team: METI, ANRE, MEXT, NIMS (interagency collaboration project)Osaka U, Kyushu U, U of Tokyo, Hokkaido U, Osaka Inst. of Technology

Elemental Technology Development for Gas Turbine

Compressor

High-Pressure/High-Performance Compressor

Turbine High-Performance Cooling SystemLow-Thermal-Conductivity Thermal Barrier CoatingSuper Heat-Resistant Material Development*High-Load/High-Performance Turbine

EGR: Exhaust Gas Recirculation

*MEXT Initiative

Combustor Low NOxCombustion System

METI MHI

MEXT NIMS (High Thermal

Resistant Material)

Kyoto U (High Thermal Resistant Material)

Support: 2/3Collaboration

Collaboration

Commission/Joint Research

Osaka U (Thermal Transmission)Kyushu U (Compressor Gausing Technology)Hokkaido U (Tokyo U) (Combustion Simulation)Osaka Institute of Technology (Turbine Aerodynamics)

8

Expectations for Universities and Other Educational Institutions

- Enhancement of basic academic abilitiesPlus, curriculum that addresses fundamental technologies

- Practical science educationLearning based on actual products and on-site research at manufacturing facility

- Multi-course curriculum in master's program(researcher/engineer courses)

2. Foster high-achieving individuals capable of succeeding in the world

- Creation of groundbreaking ideas for innovation and integration of various knowledge domains

- World-leading research projects, regional development, specialist training, and continuing education

- Establishment of world's top research facility designed for specific field for each region

- Development of university alliance and network

1. Create innovative ideas and bring together various knowledge domains