2014 vg;uy; - [ d; (52 - 2) ,jo; fkj;njhopy; tpsf;fk; · ii name of the publication : kamatholil...

fkj;njhopy; tpsf;fk; KAMATHOLIL VILAKKAM

1912 E}w;whz;ilf; fle;j ,yq;if 2012 tptrhaj; Jiwapd; k`htk;rk;

2014 Vg;uy; - [_d; (52 - 2) ,jo;

kyh; 52 ,jo; 2

Rod;Wk; Vh; gpd;dJ cyfk; mjdhy;

coe;Jk; coNt jiy

tptrha mikr;R

tptrhaj; jpizf;fsj;jpd; xU gpuRuk;

ii

Name of the Publication : Kamatholil Vilakkam Vol. 52 No. 2Published by : Director Information and Communication Department of Agriculture Peradeniya Tel: 081 - 2388388 Fax: 081 - 2384328 Email: Web: http//www.doa.gov.lk Ministry of Agriculture

Published in : 2015 December Editor : S.Periyasamy

Issued by : Deputy Director (Communication) Agriculture Publication Unit P.O.Box 24 Peradeniya Tel/Fax: 081 2388507, 081 20528282 email: [email protected] [email protected]

ISSN No : 1391 - 5711

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Efh;fpd;wdh; vd;gij tpl jtpl;bYs;s

Nghrizfis Ma;tpd; %yk; ed;fwpe;j

gpd;dNu mtw;iw cz;Zfpd;wdh;

vd;gijAk; ehk; kwe;J tplf; $lhJ.

jtpl;bypUe;J ngwg;gLk; vz;nza;

kdpj czthFk; mNjNtis ngwg;gLk;

Gz;zhf;F fhy;eilfspw;Fj; jPtdkhf

toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,J Gujk; epiwe;j xU

jPtdkhFk;. Mdhy; ,yq;ifapy; mwpe;Njh

mwpahkNyh mhprpj; jtpl;il

NeubahfNt tpyq;Ffspw;F toq;fp

tpLfpd;Nwhk;. ,jdhy; mtw;wpypUe;J

ngwg;gLk; vz;nza; gad;glhkw; Ngha;

tpLfpd;wJ. mhprp Miyfspw;fUNf kiy

Nghd;W Ftpj;J itj;jpUf;fg;gLk; jtpl;L

kiyfis rPdhtpy; fhz KbahJ.

mth;fs; mhprpj; jtpl;bypUe;J ngwg;gLk;

tYtpid ,ae;jpuq;fis ,af;Ftjw;Fg;

gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;. Mdhy; vkf;F ,J

GjpanjhU njhopy;El;gkhf ,y;yhtpbDk;

$l ,jid FiwthfNt gad;gLj;Jfpd;Nwhk;

myq;fhuj;Jld; Nghriz

vt;tsTjhd; efukakhfpdhYk; rPdh;fs;

,aw;ifr; rkepiyia NgZfpd;wdh;.

fl;blq;fSf;fpilapYk; ghijapd; ,U

kUq;fpYk; myq;fhug; g+q;fhf;fis

mikf;fj;; jtWtjpy;iy. ,j;jhtuq;fs;

myq;fhuj;jpw;fhf kl;Lky;yhJ

thridj; jputpaq;fshfTk;> %ypiffshfTk;

fhzg;gLtNj ,jd; rpwg;gk;rkhFk;.

jhkiuj; jz;L ,yq;ifah;fs;

tpUk;gpAz;Zk; xU czTg; nghUshFk;.

,yq;ifapy; ,g;g+f;fs; topghLfSf;F

nfhq;wPl; tdq;fspw;fpilNa G+q;fh

myq;fhuj;jpw;Fk; tha;g;Gfs;

5kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

Nf.vd;.fd;dq;fu

Muha;r;rp mYtyh;

jhtu ituRfis ,dq; fhZk;

epiyak;

N`hkhfk

kl;LNk mjpfkhf gad;gLfpwJ. Mdhy;

Kjph;r;rpaile;j jhkiuf; fha;fis> my;yJ

tpijfis ehk; mhpjhfNtf; fhz;fpd;Nwhk;.

Mdhy; rPdhtpy; xU kuf;fwpahfNt

jhkiu gaphplg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jw;nfd

jahhpf;fg;gl;l njhl;bfspNyh my;yJ

jho;thd ,lq;fspNyh Rj;jkhd ePiu epug;gp

gaph;r;nra;ifia Nkw;nfhs;fpd;wdh;. kyh;fs;

g+f;Fk; fhyq;fspy; Fsk; KOJk; g+f;fshy;

epiwe;J fhzg;gLk;. ,g;g+f;fshdJ #oypw;;F

itf;Fk; rPd tptrhaj; Jiwapd;

tsh;r;rp xU ehspy; Vw;gl;lnjhd;wy;y

vd;gij ehk; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;s

Ntz;Lk;. vjph;fhyj;ij vz;zp ePz;l

fhyj;jpw;Fj; jpl;lkplg;gl;l xd;whFk;.

fhyq; fhykhf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l

tplhKaw;rpNa mth;fspw;F ,t;ntw;wpia

je;Js;sJ.

fle;j 2012 Mk; Mz;L xypk;gpf;

Nghl;bfspy; rPd tPuh;fs; ngw;w ntw;wp

mth;fsJ tplhKaw;rpf;F xU rhd;whFk;.

tsh;e;JtUk; Mgphpf;f> fpof;fhrpa

ehLfspy; mNefkhdit tptrhak;

rhh;e;j ehLfshFk;. tiuaWf;fg;gl;l

G+j;Jf; FYq;Fk; jhkiuf; Fsq;fs;

uk;aj;ij Nrh;f;fpd;wd.

mq;F ngsj;j tpfhiufs; my;yJ NtW rka

];jhgdq;fs; mjpfstpy; ,y;iy. ,jdhy;

midj;J jhkiug; G+f;fSk; fha;fshf

khWfpd;wd. re;ijf;F tUk; jhkiug;

goq;fs; Nghriz epiwe;jNjhL> kpfTk;

gpugy;akhdnjhU czthFk;. vkJ ehl;bYk;

ney; gaphplg;glhj <utya gpuNjrq;fspYk;>

NkYk; rpy efh; Gwq;fspYk; ,j; jhkiur;

nra;ifia tpUj;jp nra;tjw;F mjpfsthd

tha;g;Gfs; cs;sd.

cyfpNyNa mjpfsthd

rdj;njhifiaf; nfhz;l rPdhtpy; gl;bdp

,y;yhJ miidthpw;Fk; cztspj;J tho

`{dhd; tptrha th;j;jf

rk;Nksdk; elhj;jpa nraw;wpl;lj;jpy;

,yq;ifiag; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk;

xU FO fye;J nfhz;lJ. mg;NghJ

mth;fSf;F `{dhd; gpuNjr tptrha

gaph;r; nra;ifia Ma;T nra;J>

mjid mwpe;J nfhs;s re;jh;g;gk;

fpilj;jJ. mf;FOtpy; gq;Fgw;wpa

Xh; mq;fj;jtuhd N`hkhfk

jhtu ituRfisf; fz;Lgpbf;Fk;

epiyaj;jpd; Muha;r;rp mYtyuhd

jpU.Nf.vd;.fd;dq;fu mth;fs;


rik ay;jpizapypUe;J Ritahd czTfis ehKk; rikg;Nghk;

fle;j ,jopy; jpidapYs;s Nghrhff;fpidAk;> mtw;wpd; Fzeyd;fisAk; tpghpj;jpUe;Njhk;. jpizapypUe;J vt;thwhd

czTg; nghUl;fisj; jahhpf;fyhk; vd;gjpy; rpy thrfh;fspw;Fr; re;Njfk; ,Uf;fyhk;. vdNt ,q;F jpizapypUe;J

jahhpf;ff; $ba rpy czTg; nghUl;fs; gw;wpa tpguq;fisj; jUfpd;Nwhk;. mtw;iw ePq;fSk; rikj;J> Ritj;Jg;

gad; ngWq;fs;.

jpizr; NrhW

Njitahd nghUl;fs;

jpiz - 150 fpuhk;

ePh; - 1½ Nfhg;ig

cg;G - Njitahd msT

nra;Kiw

fOtpa jpizAld; 1½ Nfhg;ig ePiur; Nrh;j;J

mtpa tplTk;. rpwpJ mtpe;jTld; Njitahd

msT cg;G Nrh;j;J fye;J tplTk;.

jpizf;fQ;rp

Njitahd nghUl;fs;

jpid - 50 fpuhk;ePh; - 1½ Nfhg;ig

cg;G - Njitahd msT

nts;isg; g+L - 2 gy;

fLF - ½ Njf;fuz;b

,Q;rp - ½ Njf;fuz;b

Njq;fha;g; ghy; Njitahd msT

nra;Kiw

fOtpa jpizAld; 1½ Nfhg;ig ePiur;;

Nrh;j;J nfhjpf;f tplTk;. fLF> ,Q;rp>

nts;isg; g+L Mfpatw;iw ed;whf

,bj;J itj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;. jpiz

ed;whf mtpe;jTld; ,bj;j fLF> ,Q;rp>

nts;isg; g+z;NlhL> Njq;fha; ghiyAk;>

cg;igAk; Nrh;j;J fye;JtplTk;. Njq;fha;

ghy; ed;whf nfhjpj;jTld; ,wf;fTk;.

jpiz ghw;NrhW

Njitahd nghUl;fs;

jpiz - 50 fpuhk;

ePh; - 1½ Nfhg;ig

Njq;fha;ghy; Njitahd msT

cg;G Njitahd msT

nra;Kiw

fOtpa jpizAld; 1½ Nfhg;ig

ePiur; Nrh;j;J mtpa tplTk;. jpiz

ed;whf mtpe;jTld; Njq;fha;ghy;> cg;G

Mfpatw;iwr; Nrh;j;J ed;whf fye;J

tplTk;. Njq;fha;ghy; ed;whf nfhjpj;j

gpd; ,wf;fTk;.

vr;.vk;.fk;kd;gpy;y

cjtp tptrhag; gzpg;ghsh;

Nritf;fhyg; gapw;rp epiyak;

fd;ndhWit

7kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

new; nra;ifapy; ek; Kd;Ndhh;

ifahd;l je;jpNuhghaq;fs;

tptrha ,urhadq;fisg;

gad;gLj;Jtjhy; Vw;gl;l jPa

gyhgyd;fis mDgtpf;Fk; ,e;j

Afj;jpy; tptrha ,urhadq;fs; ,y;yhJ

gaph; nra;tJ fhyj;jpd; NjitahFk;.

,e;epiyapy; ek; Kd;Ndhh;fs; ney;iyg;

gaphpl;l Kiwfspy; vk; ftdj;ijr;

nrYj;jpdhy;; kpFe;j gaDs;sjhf

mikAk; vd;gjpy; re;Njfk; ,y;iy.

gz;ila coTj;

njhopyhdJ rkar; #oYld; ,ize;Nj

fhzg;gl;lJ. fpuhk kf;fs; gy;NtW

tifahd je;jpNuhghaq;fis jkJ

tho;itg; ghJfhf;fTk;> jkJ gaph;fisg;

ghJfhf;fTk; Nkw;nfhz;L te;Js;sdh;.

gaph;r;nra;ifiag; nghWj;j tiu

Muk;gj;jpypUe;J ,Wjp tiu gy;NtW

Kiwfis mth;fs; gad;gLj;jp

te;Js;sdh;. Kd;Ndhh; new;nra;ifapy;

Nkw;nfhz;l fpuhkpa Kiwfs; njhlh;ghd

tpguq;fis ,q;F jUfpd;Nwhk;.

new; nra;ifia Muk;gpj;jy;

Kd;Ndhh; fhh;j;jpifg; g+f;fs;

kyUk;; fhyj;jpy; ney;iyg;

gaphpLtijj; jtph;j;Js;sdh;.

mf;fhyj;jpy; kz;zpy; frg;Gj;

jd;ik ,Ug;gJld;> Ez;Zaph;fspd;

vz;zpf;ifAk; mjpfkhf mjpfkhf

,Ug;gjhf mth;fs; ek;gpdh;. ,NjNghy;

new; gaph;r;nra;ifia Qhapw;Wf;

fpoikfspNyNa Muk;gpg;gh;.

epyj;ijj; jahh; nra;jy;

Rg Neuk; ghh;j;Nj taypd;

epyj;ij jahh; nra;th;. Nrk;G fpoq;if

ntl;b Mq;fhq;Nf taypy; tPrp tpLth;.

,jd; %yk; cOthd; Nghd;w gPilfs;

fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLtjhf ek;gpdh;.

tpij ney;iyg; ghpfhpj;jy;

Jq;F my;yJ Gd;F vd miof;fg;gLk;

Pongamia pinnata ,d; Njhy;> Pennis


etum triflorum Nth;> Trichadenia zeylanica Mfpatw;iw xd;whfr; Nrh;j;J mjid

tpij ney;Yld; fye;J tpLth;. me;

ney;iy rhf;fpypl;L jz;zPhpy; CwtpLth;.

Rg Neuj;jpNyNa ,jid Nkw;nfhs;th;.

,jd;gpd; Nrk;Gf; fpoq;F> kQ;rs;> ,Q;rp

Mfpadtw;wpy; xt;nthU

nrbiaAk;> njd;dk; G+ my;yJ fKF

g+Tld; nts;isj; Jzpapy; Rw;wp

mtw;Wld; rpwpjsT tpij ney;iyAk;;

taYf;F vLj;Jr; nry;th;. taypy; 3

tuk;Gfs; ,izAk; ,lj;jpy; flTis

tzq;fp jhk; nfhz;L te;j

nrbfis eLth;. nfhz;L te;j g+itAk;;

mt;tplj;jpy; el;L itg;gh;. ,jid

mth;fs; nrsghf;fpaj;jpd; xU FwpaPlhf

gpd;gw;wp te;Js;sdh;.

ney;iy tpijj;jy;

fhiyapy; gwitfspd; xyp vOk; Kd;Ng

jPh;j;jf; fyaj;ij Maj;jk; nra;th;.

ntw;wpiyj; jl;nlhd;iw Maj;jk;

nra;J mjpy; rpwpjsT tpijney;iy

itg;gh;. taypy; rka topghLfspd; gpd;dh;;

ney;iy tpijg;gh;.

ney;ypd; ghw;gUtj;jpy; ghpfhpj;jy;

,sePnuhd;wpd; jiyg;gFjp ntl;b

mfw;wp> gphpj; Xjpa gpd; mt;tpsePh;

gaph;fSf;F njspf;fg;gLk;.

taypy; vypfisf; fl;Lg;gLj;jy;;

fhiy Ntisapy; tuk;gpd; topNa

FWf;fhf md;dhrp Kbfis itg;gh;.

khiy Neuj;jpy; md;dhrpr; nrbapd;

kj;jpapYs;s Kbiag; gwpj;J mjid

vypfs; Nrjg;gLj;jpa ,lq;fspy;

itg;gh;. ahUlDk; fijf;fhJ ,jid

nra;tNjhL> ,jd; gpd;dUk; ahUlDk;

fijf;fhJ kPz;Lk; tPl;bw;Fr; nry;th;.

md;dhrp Kbfs; mOfj; njhlq;Fk;

NghJ Vw;gLk; Jh;ehw;wj;jpdhy; kPz;Lk;

vypfs; tukhl;lhJ vd ek;gpdh;.

taypy; Mq;fhq;Nf rzy;

FUj;Jf;fis el;L itg;gh;. ,it

mOfpa gpd;dh; tPRk; Jh;ehw;wj;jpd;

fhuzkhf vypfs; tuhJ vd ek;gpdh;.

vypfs; taypDs; Eioaf;$ba

,lq;fspy; rpwpjhf ntl;lg;gl;l

gg;ghrpj; jz;LfisAk;> fhfpjj;

Jz;LfisAk; itj;J tpLth;.

ney; < fl;Lg;ghL

new; gaphpy; fjph; ntsp te;jTld;

,uT Neuj;jpy; gf;fpypg;ghy; ge;jj;jpy;

Fq;fpypaj;ij tprpwp mjd; Gifia

tanyq;Fk; gpbg;gh;.

Mf;fk;:

vy;.V.epy;kpzp Njtpfh

tptrha Nghjdhrphpia

taw; gaph;fs; Muha;r;rp> mgptpUj;jp epWtdk;>

k`h,Yg;gs;sk

9kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

xU rpy gh;r;r];

fhzpapy;

©e;Njhl;lnkhd;iw

eph;khzpj;Jf;

nfhs;tJ vg;gb ?

kyh; 53 - ,jo; 1 ,ypUe;J njhlh;fpd;wJ....

jppl;lkpl;lhy; Gw;wiuAk;;; moNfh moF

rdj;njhif

mjpfhpg;gpw;Nfw;g

ngUk;ghyhNdhhpw;Ff;

Fiwe;jsthd tsq;fNs

fpilf;fpd;wd. epyKk; mjw;F

tpjptpyf;fy;y. ,jdhy;

jw;NghJ 10 - 15 gh;r];

tp];jPuzKs;s fhzpfspNyNa tPLfis mikf;Fk; epiy Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jpy; fl;blj;jpw;fhd

,lk; Nghf vQ;rpapUf;Fk;; epyj;jpy; tPl;Lj;;Njhl;lk; mikg;gnjd;gJ xU ngUk; rthyhFk;. Mdhy;

ngUk;ghyhNdhh; ,jid vjph;nfhs;s Kbahikf;fhd fhuzk; mwpahikNa MFk;.

Njhl;lnkhd;iw eph;khzpf;Fk; Kd; ePq;fs; rpe;jpf;f Ntz;bait ,it...

Njhl;lnkhd;iw eph;khzpf;FKd; ;ftdk; nrYj;j Ntz;ba fhuzpfSs; Kjd;ikahdJ

fhyepiyahFk;. ,jw;Ff; fhuzk; ehl;bd; fhyepiy vy;yh gpuNjrj;jpYk; xNu khjphpahf ,Ug;gjpy;iy.

gpuNjrq;fSf;Nfw;g ehk; eLk; jhtuq;fisAk; njhpTnra;a Ntz;Lk;.

,uz;lhtjhf ftdk; nrYj;jg;gl Ntz;ba tplak; epyj;jpd; mikg;G my;yJ cau

NtWghl;ilf; ftdj;jpw; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mf;fhzp rkjiuahdjh my;yJ rha;thdnjhU ,lkh

vd mtjhdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. jhtuq;fis eLtjw;F mjpYs;s kz; nghUj;jkw;wjhapd; kz;iz khw;w

Ntz;Lk;.

mLj;J nry;thf;Fr; nrYj;Jk; fhuzp fhzpapy; eLif nra;a vz;zpAs;s jhtuq;fs;

MFk;. #oypw;F MNuhf;fpakhd fhw;iw khj;jpuky;yhJ> epoiyAk; jhtuq;fspd; %yNk ngw;Wf;

nfhs;s KbAk;. ePq;fs; thOk; ,lq;fspy; eLif nra;af;$ba> ePq;fs; tpUk;gpa jhtuq;fspd;

gl;banyhd;iwj; jahhpj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. jhtuq;fisj; njhpT nra;Ak; NghJ fhzpapd;

miktplk;> myq;fhuk; Mfpatw;iw khj;jpuky;yhJ> tsp khriljy;> xypapdhy; khriljy; vd;gdtw;wpYk;


rkpe;j uj;dhaf;f>

tptrhag; Nghjdhrphpah;

mur jhtutpaw; ©q;fh>

Nguhjid

jpl;lkpl;L fkj;njhopy; tpsf;fj;ij moFgLj;jpath;

ftdQ; nrYj;j Ntz;Lk;. mbf;fb thfdk;

nry;Yk; gpujhd tPjpfspw;fUNf trpg;gtuhapd;

tsp> xyp Mfpatw;iwf; fl;Lg;gLj;jf; $ba

jhtuq;fisj; njhpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;.

G+q;fhtpw;Fg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; Gw;fs;

njhlh;gpYk; mjpf ftdQ; nrYj;j Ntz;Lk;.

rkjiuahd ,lq;fspy; jhtuq;fis

,yFthf el KbAkhapDk;> XusT rha;thd

my;yJ mjpfsT rha;thd ,lq;fspy;

kz;zhpg;G Vw;gLtjw;fhd tha;g;Gfs;

cs;sd. vdNt ,t;tplq;fspy; tpNrl ftdQ;

nrYj;j Ntz;Lk;. ,Wjpahf G+e;Njhl;lj;ij

vt;thW guhkhpg;gJ vd;gJ njhlh;ghfTk;>

g+e;Njhl;lk; njhlh;ghfTk; eilKiw mwpTk;

mtrpakhFk;.

,jw;fika tPl;ilr; #oTs;s

rpwpa ,lj;jpYk; myq;fhukhd G+e;Njhl;lj;ij

eph;khzpj;Jf; nfhs;s KbAk;. cq;fspw;Nfh

my;yJ cq;fs; FLk;g mq;fj;jth;fspw;Nfh

#lhd fhw;wh my;yJ Fspuhd fhw;wh Njit

vd;gij czh;e;J mjw;fika jhtuq;fisj;

njhpT nra;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

tPl;by; nraw;ifahd epoNy

fpilf;Fk;. Mdhy; ,jid tpl Kw;wpYk;

NtWgl;l epoy;> kuj;jpd; %yk; fpl;Lk;.

Vnddpy; ,J ,aw;ifahff; fpilf;Fk; xU

ghfkhFk;.

Ie;J my;yJ gj;J gh;r;r];

fhzpf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd G+e;Njhl;lj;ij

vt;thW eph;khzpg;gJ vd;gij mLj;j ,jopy;

Muha;Nthk;.

11kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

[k;G NghrizAk; kUj;Jtf;

FzKk; epiwe;j gok; [k;G

MFk;. gz;ila fhyj;jpypUe;Nj

,j;jhtuk tPl;Lj; Njhl;lq;fspy;

fhzg;gl;lnjhU go kukhf

tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. ,J G+j;Jf; FYq;Fk;

NghJk;> fha;f;Fk; NghJk; kpfTk;

myq;fhukhff; fhzg;gLk;. rpwg;ghf

epoiy toq;ff; $ba xU epoy;

kukhFk;. vtUk; tpUk;Gk; goq;fspy;

,JTk; xd;whFk;.

rptg;G [k;G ,yq;ifapy; kpfTk; gpugy;akhd xd;whFk;. Mdhy; mz;ikf;

fhyq;fspy; ntspehLfspypUe;J ,yq;iff;F mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l gy [k;G th;f;fq;fSk;

gpugy;akhdjhff; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,tw;wpy; gy tiffs; cz;L. ,yq;ifapy; uj;J (rptg;G)

[k;G> gpdp [k;G> ul;l (ntspehl;L) [k;G> ntyp [k;G> k`h [k;G> tpijfsw;w [k;G vd

gy nghJg; ngah;fspy; ,it miof;fg;gLfpd;wd. vdpDk; ,tw;wpy; fPNo jug;gl;Ls;s ehd;F

tifahd [k;G khj;jpuNk kpfTk; gpugy;akhdjhf tpsq;Ffpd;wd.

01. uj;J (rptg;G) [k;G 02. gpdp[k;G 03. ul;l (ntspehl;L) [k;G 04. ntyp (kzy;) [k;G

,e;j tif [k;G Red rose apple, Wax apple, Java apple, Water apple, Wax jambu vd gy ngah;fspy;

miof;fg;gLk;. ,jd; jhtutpaw; ngah; Syzygium aqueum (Burm.f.) Alston MFk;. ,jd; fdp

uj;J (rptg;G) [k;G

rptg;G epwkhFk;. ,jd; Nkw;gug;G kpDq;Fk; nkOF

Nghd;W Njhw;wkspf;Fk;. Vida tiffis tpl

mstpw; rpwpajhFk;. ,jd; epiw ruhrhpahf 10 -

12 fpuhkhff; fhzg;gLk;. Gspg;Gld; $ba ,dpg;Gr;

RitahdjhFk;. ,t;tif [k;Git mNefkhf vy;yh

tPl;Lj; Njhl;lq;fspYk; fhzyhk;. fp.gp. 1505 mstpy; ,J

,yq;iff;F mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;ljhff; fUjg;gLfpd;wJ.


gpdp [k;G ,t;tif [k;G Malay apple vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;. ,jd; jhtutpaw; ngah; Syzy gium malacence MFk;. ,J ,sQ; rptg;G

epwkhf ,Ug;gJld; ngahh;]; fhapd;

mikg;ig xj;jJ. gpdp [k;G ePh; mjpfk;

nfhz;l Gspg;Gr; Ritahd gokhFk;. ,jd;

rijahdJ ];nghd;r; Nghd;W ntz;zpwkhff;

ul;l (ntspehl;L) [k;G ,J Bell fruit vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;.

,jd; jhtutpaw; ngah; Syzygium samarangense Merr.& Perry vdg;gLk;. ,it tpUj;jp nra;ag;gl;l

rptg;G [k;G th;f;fk; vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;.

nghJthd tof;fpy; ngy; G&l; my;yJ

ul;l (ntspehl;L) [k;G vd miof;fg;gLk;.

rhjhuz [k;Git tpl Njhw;wj;jpYk;> mstp

Yk; NtWgl;ljhFk;. ,jid nts;is> rptg;G>

fhzg;gLk;. mjpfsthd ePh; fhzg;gLk;. ,k;kuj;jpy; gpujhdkhf eLj;jz;bYk; fpis-

fspYk; g+ g+f;Fk;. xU gok; 40 - 50 fpuhk; epiwAilaJ. ,k;kukhdJ Vida [k;G

kuq;fis tpl caukhf tsh;tJld;> ,jd; goj;jpd; Rit Fiwe;jjhff; fhzg;gLk;.

,jd; g+thdJ ,sQ; rptg;G epwj;jpy; kpfTk; myq;fhukhdjhff; fhzg;gLk;.

,sQ;rptg;G ehty; kw;Wk; gr;ir epwq;fspy; fhzyhk;. ,j; jhtuj;jpd; fha;fspd; epwk;> msT>

ghuk;> Rit> kuj;jpd; Njhw;wk; vd;gtw;wpd; tpNrl jd;ikfshy; ,J xU gokhf kl;Lky;yhky;

myq;fhuj; jhtukhfTk;> tPl;Lj; Njhl;lg; gapuhfTk; gpugy;akhfpAs;sJ. ,J Rkhh; 35 - 75 fpuhk;

epiwAs;sjhff; fhzg;gLk;. ,t;tif [k;G 1980fspy; epyj; Njhw;w myq;fhuj;jpw;fhf Vida

jhtuq;fSld; kNyrpah> jha;yhe;;J Mfpa ehLfspypUe;J nfhz;L tug;gl;ljhf ek;gg;gLfpwJ.

ntyp [k;G / rPdp [k;G ,J Rose Apple, Malabar plum ,Jambu, chom pu, Pomme rose vd gy ngah;fspy; miof;fg;gLk;.

,jd; jhtutpaw; ngah; Sygygium jambos Alston MFk;;. ,it ,skQ;rs;> nts;is my;yJ

kQ;rs; rhh;e;j ,sQ; rptg;G epwkhdjhFk;. goq;fs; ePs; tl;l tbthdit MFk;.

13kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

<ug;gjd; 91.40 - 92.96

Gujk; 0.50

rPdp 0.56

,Uk;G 0.001

rhk;gy; 0.21 - 0.27

fy;rpak; 0.01

nghRguR 0.03

ry;©hpf;fkpyk; 0.17 tPjk;

rpw;wpf;fkpyk; 0.15 tPjk;

20 Mk; gf;fj;jpw;F

,yq;iff;Nf chpj;jhd> ,jd;

Vida td ,dq;fis gw;iwf;

fhLfspy; tpNrlkhf <utyag; gpuNjrq;fspYk;

fhzyhk;. gz;ila fhyj;jpy; ,yq;ifapy;

kpfg; gpugykhdnjhU gokhf tpsq;fpaNjhL>

jw;NghJ ,jidf; fhz;gJ mhpjhfNt

cs;sJ. ,jd; ,lj;ij jw;NghJ rptg;G (uj;J)

[k;G gpbj;;Js;sJ. ,jd; g+f;fs; ,sk;gr;ir>

gr;ir epwj;jpy; fhzf; fpilf;Fk;. ,jd; G+f;fs;

mjpf vz;zpf;ifahd kfue;j ,iofisf;

nfhz;bUf;Fk;.

G+h;tPfKk;> gutYk; kNyrpah> me;jkhd;> epf;Nfhghh; jPTfisg; G+h;tPfkhff; nfhz;lnjhU gokhFk;. uJ

[k;GTk;> ul (ntspehl;L) [k;GTk; jha;yhe;J> fhk;Nghbah> yhNth];> tpal;dhk;> jha;thd;

Mfpa ehLfspy; gpugykhdJ. ntyp (kzy;) [k;G kNyrpahitg; G+h;tPfkhff; nfhz;lNjhL>

,e;jpahtpy; gy gpuNjrq;fspYk;> njd; fpof;F MrpahtpYk;> gRgpf; jPTfspYk; gaph;

nra;ag;gLtNjhL> ,aw;ifahfTk; ,t;tplq;fspy; gutpAs;sJ. gpdp[k;G Nkw;F kNyrpahitg;

G+h;tPfkhff; nfhz;lJ. th;j;jf ,hPjpapy; kNyrpah> mT];jpNuypah> mnkhpf;fh Nghd;w ehLf

spy; kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l mstpy; [k;G gaph;r;nra;if Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ. jha;thdpy;; th;j;jf

[k;G gaph;r;nra;if kpfTk; Kd;Ndw;wkile;j epiyapw; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.

Nghrizg; ngWkhdk; [k;GtpYs;s Nghrizg; ngWkhdq;fs; njhlh;ghd jfty;fs; ,d;Wk; Fiwe;j

mstpNyNaf; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. czTf; fl;Lg;ghl;bw;F Vw;wnjhU gokhFk;. cyh;

fhyepiyapd; NghJ clw; #l;ilf; Fiwf;f ,J cjTk;.

100 fpuhk; [k;G goj;jpYs;s Nghrizg; ngWkhdq;fs; (fpuhkpy;)


Nghriz Kf;fpaj;Jtk; Nrhah mtiu

rhpahd czTg;

gof;fkpd;;ikahy; Gw;W Neha;>

,iug;ig mow;rp (nf];l;iub];)>

ePhpopT> rpWePufk; rhh;e;j

Neha;fs; Nghd;wd kpf ,yFthf

kdpjh;fspy; njhw;wpf; nfhs;fpd;wd.

,J vjph;fhyj;jpy; ehl;bd;

mgptpUj;jpf;F ngUk; rthyhf

mikayhk;. ,e;epiyapy; Nrhah

mtiuia kpf Kf;fpakhd

gapuhff; fUJtjw;fhf fhuzk;

mjpYs;s epiwe;j NghrizAk;>

kUj;Jtf; Fzq;fSk; MFk;.

ePhpopT> nfhy];l;Nuhy;> Gw;WNeha;

Nghd;wtw;wpw;F vjpuhf njhopw;gLk;

rf;jpia ,J nfhz;Ls;sJ.

,JnthU Gujk; epiwe;j

czthFk;. Nrhah mtiuia

,yq;ifapy; ,yFth

fr; nra;ifgz;z KbAk;.

,jdhy; fpilf;Fk; Nghrizf;

Fzq;fspdhy; kf;fspilNa

,jid gpugy;ag;gLj;Jtjd; %yk;

,yq;ifah;fspd; FLk;gg;

Nghrizia tpUj;jp nra;a KbAk;.

,jpy; Xh; mq;fkhf

ehshe;j czTld; Nrhah ghiy

mwpKfg;gLj;j KbAk;. mjhtJ

,aw;ifahd ghypw;Fg; gjpyhfg;

gad;gLj;jf; $ba Nghrhf;fhd>

ghJfhg;ghd> MNuhf;fpakhd

xU ghdkhf Nrhah ghiy

mwpKfg;gLj;jyhk;. jw;NghJ

kf;fspilNa ,wf;Fkjp nra;ag;gLk;

ghy kh njhlh;gpy; gy epr;rakw;w

jd;ik fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. rkPg

fhyj;jpy; DCD vDk; ,urhad

nghUspdhy; ghy;khit iftpl;L

gRk;ghiy gad;gLj;jj; njhlq;fpdh;.

vdpDk; efug; gFjpfspy; thOk;

kf;fspd; Nfs;tpiag; G+h;j;jp nra;a

Kbahik ,q;F xU rthyhf

tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. ,jdhy; kf;fs;

jputg; ghiy mUe;Jtjpy; gy

gpur;rpidfs; cs;sd. vdNt

,jw;fhd rpwe;j jPh;T Nrhahg;

ghiy gpugy;ag;gLj;JtjhFk;.

NghrizapYk; Nrhah ghy; cah;

kl;lj;jpw; fhzg;gLtJ ,d;ndhU

ed;ikahFk;. gRk; ghypw;F

xt;thik nfhz;lth;fspw;F Nrhah

ghy; rpwe;j jPh;thFk;.

15kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

ghiyNrhah

mtiu

rf;jp (fpNyh [{y;) 103 131

nkhj;j nfhOg;G (fpuhk;) 2.4 (3%) 4.2 (6%)

epuk;gpa nfhOg;G (fpuhk;) 1.5 (7%) 0.5 (2%)

epuk;ghj nfhOg;G (fpuhk;) 0.1 2.3

Monounsaturated (fpuhk;) 0.7 1

nfhy];lNuhy; 4 % 0 %

Nrhbak; (kpy;yp fpuhk;) 107 (4%) 124 (5%)

nghl;lhrpak; (kpy;yp fpuhk;) 366 (4%) 287 (8%)

fhNghitjNuw;W (fpuhk;) 12 (4%) 15 (6%)

ehh; (fpuhk;) 0 1.5

rPdp (fpuhk;) 13 1.0

Gujk; (fpuhk;) 8 (16%) 8 (16%)

fy;rpak; (tPjk;) 30 % 6 %

,Uk;G (tPjk;) 0 % 8 %

gRk; ghy;> Nrhah ghypd; Nghriz ngWkhdk; Xh; xg;gPL

Nrhah ghiyj; jahhpf;Fk; Kiw

D Rj;jkhd Nrhah tpijapy; 200 fpuhik Xh; ,uT KOJk; Cw tplTk;.

D ePiu tbj;J fOtpa gpd;> nfhjp ePhpypl;L 5 epkplq;fs;; mtpf;fTk;.

D mtpe;j gpd; me; ePiu mfw;wp xU yPw;wh; ePUld; Nrh;j;J ed;whf

miuj;njLf;fTk;.

D Rj;jkhd Jzpnahd;wpid gad;gLj;jp mg;ghiy tbj;J nfhs;sTk;.

D tbj;j ghYld; cg;igr; Nrh;j;J> ,dpg;Gr; Ritf;F rPdpiaAk; Nrh;j;Jf;

fye;j gpd;> kPz;Lk; xU epkplk; mg;ghiy nfhjpf;f tplTk;.

D mt;thW nfhjpj;j gpd; mg;ghy; gUFtjw;F cfe;jJ.

D nfhf;Nfh gTlu; my;yJ ntzpyhr; Rita+l;bAld; fye;J FspUl;ba gpd;

gUf KbAk;.

vr;.vk;.yypjh gj;kpzp fkNf> tptrhag; Nghjdhrphpia

czT Muha;r;rp myF> fd;ndhWit


tptrhapfNs ,ijg; gw;wp rpe;jpj;jJz;lh ?

Gy; ntl;Lk; ,ae;jpuk; gw;wp njhpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;bait

fisfis fl;LgLj;JtJ vd;gJ ,d;W vy;yh

tptrhag; gz;izfspYk;> tPl;Lj; Njhl;lq;fspYk;

Kf;fpanjhU gpur;rpidahf khwpAs;sJ. Gw;fis

ntl;Ltjw;F mjpfsthd nryTk;> ciog;Gk;> fhyKk;

mtrpakhFk;. njhopyhsh;fspw;F Vw;gLk; mjpfsthd nryT>

nghUj;jkhd xUtiuj; Njbf; nfhs;tjpYs;s gpur;rpid Mfpatw;wpd;

fhuzkhf ,d;W Gy; ntl;Lk; ,ae;jpuq;fs; kpfTk; gpugy;akhf tpsq;Ffpd;wd. ,jw;fhf kf;fs;

vjph;;Nehf;fpa rpf;fy;fSf;Fj; jPh;;thf etPd Gy;ntl;Lk; ,ae;jpuk; rkPg

fhykhf gad;ghl;by; cs;sd.

,jid kpd;rhuk;> vhpnghUs; %yk; ,af;f KbAk;.

,t;tif ,ae;jpuq;fis nfhs;tdT nra;Ak; NghJ jkf;fhd

Njitia mwpe;J nghUj;jkhdnjhd;iw nfhs;tdT nra;tJ

rhyr; rpwe;jJ.

tPl;Lj; Njhl;lj;jpNyh my;yJ rpwpasthd epyg;gug;G cs;s NghJ

kpd;dpizg;ig toq;ff; $ba trjp ,Ue;jhy; (,izg;G tahpd;

ePsj;ijg; nghWj;J) kl;LNk kpd;rhuj;jpdhy; ,aq;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;ij

nfhs;tdT nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ,y;iynadpy;; vhpnghUs; %yk;

,aq;Fk; ,ae;jpuk; cfe;jjhFk;.

nghpa gug;gsTs;s Njhl;lq;fSf;F my;yJ gz;izfspw;F

vhpnghUs; %yk; ,aq;Fk; ,ae;jpuk; cfe;jJ. Vnd-

17kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

dpy; njhlh;r;rpahf mjpf Neuj;jpw;F

gad;gLj;jf; $bajhapUg;gNjhL> ,yhg

fukhdJ> gad;gLj;jTk; ,yFthdjhFk;.

ngw;Nwhy; %yk; ,aq;Fk; Gy;

ntl;Lk; ,ae;jpuj;jpd; %yk; Fwpg;gpl;l

,lj;jpYs;s fisfspd; td;jd;ikf;F

Vw;g ehnshd;wpy; ntl;lf; $ba

gug;gsT NtWgLk;. rhjhuz ,iyfs;

fhzg;gLkhapd; ehnshd;wpy; xU Vf;fh;

tiu ntl;l KbAk;. ,jw;F 3 - 4 yPw;wh;

ngw;Nwhy; mtrpakhFk;.

,ae;jpuj;ij gad;gLj;Jk; NghJ

ftdpf;f Ntz;bad

,ae;jpuj;jpd; gad;ghl;L Kiw

ia mwpa Nrit topfhl;bia

(Service Manual) ed;F thrpj;J mwpe;J

,ae;jpuk; njhlh;ghd rpwe;j njspit

ngw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

,ae;jpuj;jpy; ngw;Nwhy; Foha;>

ntl;L Kid (Blade), tah; njhFjp (High tension wires) Mfpad

ed;whfg; nghUj;jg;gl;Ls;sjh vd;gij

mjhdpf;f Ntz;Lk;.

ngw;Nwhypdhy; ,aq;Fk; ,ae;jpukhapd;

2T vz;nziaAk;> ngw;NwhiyAk;

rhpahd tpfpjj;jpy; fyit nra;a

Ntz;baJ kpf Kf;fpakhFk;.

,ae;jpuk; tpidj;jpwdhf ,aq;fTk;>

vd;[pd; Njitapy;yhJ #lht

ijj; jtph;g;gjw;Fk;> MAl;fhyj;ij

mjpfhpf;fTk; ,J kpf Kf;fpakhFk;.

tsp tbfl;bia ed;whfr; Rj;jg;gLj;j

Ntz;Lk;. mjpy; Gw;fspd; ghfq;fSk;>

Vida J}rpfSk; ,Ug;gpd; rhpahd

Kiwapy; mfw;w Ntz;Lk;.

Gw;fis ntl;l Kd; ,ae;jpuj;jpd;

ntl;L Kidia ed;whf jPl;bf; nfhs;s

Ntz;Lk;.

,ae;jpuj;ij gad;gLj;Jk;; Kd;G ghJfhg;G

mq;fpfis (fz;fisAk;> ghjq;fisAk;

ghJfhf;f) mzpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

,ae;jpuj;ij gad;gLj;Jk; NghJ

md;whlk; Vw;glf;$ba rpf;fy;fs;

,ae;jpuj;ij ,af;Ftjpy; rpukk;

ePz;l ,ilntspf;Fg; gpd; ,ae;jpuj;ijg;

gad;gLj;Jk; NghJ ,g;gpur;rpid Vw;gl

tha;g;G cs;sJ. rpyNeuk; fhgpANul;lUld;

njhlh;Gila ngw;Nwhy; Foha;; gFjpapy;

Njitaw;w nghUl;fs; milj;jpUf;;fyhk;.

,jd; NghJ Foha; njhFjpia

ed;F ghpNrhjpj;J VjhtJ nghUl;fs;

milj;jpUf;Fkhapd; mjid Rj;jk; nra;J

kPz;Lk; nghUj;jTk;.

2T vz;nza;> ngw;Nwhy; vd;gd rhpahd

tpfpjj;jpy; fye;jpuhik (,ae;jpuj;Jld;

toq;fg;gLk; topfhl;bia thrpj;J

mjw;fika fyf;fTk;).

fhh;gpANul;lhpd; Crp thy;T (Needle Valve) ,WfpapUf;Fkhapd; fhh;gpANul;lhpw;F ngw;Nwhy; nry;tJ jilg;gLjy; my;yJ

ngw;Nwhy; fhh;gpANul;lhpw;F frpjy;

Nghd;wtw;why; ,ae;jpuj;ij ,af;Ftjpy;

jhkjNkw;glyhk;. ,J mNefkhf

ngw;NwhYld; NtW nghUl;fs; nry;tjhy;

my;yJ tsp tbfl;bapd; Clhf khRf;fs;

fhh;gpANul;liu Nehf;fp nry;tjhy;

Vw;glyhk;. Kjw; gbahf fhh;gpANul;lhpd;

fPo; fhzg;gLk; jpUfhzpia

fow;wp rpwpjsT ngw;Nwhiy mfw;wp

kPz;Lk; mj;jpUfhzpia ,Wf;fp kPz;Lk;

,af;f Ntz;Lk;. ,f;FiwghL Kd;diu

Nghd;W kPz;Lk; Vw;gLkhapd; jpUj;Jdhpd;

cjtpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sTk;.


Mf;fk;:

kpype;j rkuf;Nfhd;>

tptrhag; Nghjdhrphpah;>

tptrhag; gpuRu myF

Spark plug rhpahd Kiwg;gb

jfdkilahik. ,jw;F Spark plug ,y; Nkyjpfkhf vz;nzapl;L itj;jy;> Plug point vhpe;J fhzg;gly;> Plug point gap clearance NtWgl;bUj;jy;. Hightention wire ,y; FiwghL ,Uj;jy;> mlg;lNuhL Spark plug rhpahd Kiwapy; nghUe;jpapuhik

Nghd;w FiwghLfs;; ,Ug;gpd; mjidf;

fz;L gpbj;J FiwghLfis epth;j;jp

nra;a Ntz;Lk;.

,ae;jpuj;jpd; Ntfj;ij mjpfupf;f

Kbahik

,jid epth;j;jp nra;a tsp tbfl;biar;

Rj;jg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. ngw;NwhYk;> 2T vz;nzAk; rhpahd mstpy; fyf;fg;gl;Ls;sjh

vd;gjid ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. fhh;gpANul;lhpd;

n[l;]; (Carburetor Jets) ,WfpapUg;gpd; mjid

Rj;jg;gLj;j jf;f eltbf;iffs; vLf;f

Ntz;Lk;.

,ae;jpuj;jpd; Ntfj;ij khw;w Kbahik

vf;rNyl;lh; Nfgy; ,WfpapUj;jy;>

gOjhfpapUj;jy; vd;gd ,jw;fhd

fhuzq;fshFk;. ,jid epth;j;jp nra;tjw;F

Fwpg;gpl;l fhyk; gad;gLj;jpa gpd;dh; cuha;T

ePf;fp vz;nza; ,l;L rPh; nra;a Ntz;Lk;.

fk;gp gOjile;jpUg;gpd; mjid khw;w

Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; Throte valve spring I Muha;e;J mjpy; gpw nghUl;fs; ,WfpapUg;gpd;

mjid rPh; nra;a Ntz;Lk;. Throte valve cup rhpahd Kiwapy; %bapUf;f Ntz;Lk;.

,ae;jpuj;ij ,af;Fk; NghJ mjpf Gif

ntspNaWjy;

,jid epth;j;jp nra;a ngw;NwhYk;> 2T vz;nzAk; rhpahd mstpy; fyf;fg;gl;Ls;sjh

vd;gij cWjp nra;Jnfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

,NjNghd;W tsp tbfl;bia ed;F Rj;jk;

nra;jy;> fhh;gpANul;lhpy; ngw;NwhYk;> tspAk;;

rhpahf tpfpjj;jpy; fyg;gij rPh; (Tuning) nra;a Ntz;Lk;.

Gy; ntl;Lk; NghJ ntl;L KidAld;

njhlh;Gila Fohapy; mjph;T Vw;gly; my;yJ

mf;FohapDs; njhopw;gLk; RUsp mjph;Tld;

,aq;Fjy;

,jid epth;j;jp nra;a NfgYf;F vz;nza;

tpLjy; my;yJ FohapYs;s ngahhpq;

I ghpNrhjpj;J Gjpjhf ,l Ntz;Lkhapd;

jpUj;Jdhpd; cjtpAld; mjid jpUj;jpf;

nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

,ae;jpuj;ij rhpahd Kiwapy;

,af;fpdhYk; rhpahd Kiwapy; Gy;

ntl;Lg;glhik

ntl;Lk; myiff; $h;ikahf;Fjy; my;yJ

Gjpa ntl;Lk; myif nghUj;jy; %yk; ,jid

epth;j;jp nra;ayhk;.

,ae;jpu Mspapd; %yk; ,ae;jpuj;ij ,af;f

Kbahik

,g;gpur;rpidapd; NghJ ,ae;jpu Msp kw;Wk;

mjNdhL njhlh;Gila tah; ,izg;Gfis

ghprPyid nra;a Ntz;Lk;. FiwghLfs;

,Ug;gpd; jpUj;jQ; nra;aTk; my;yJ khw;wTk;.

Nkw; Fwpg;gpl;lthW ,ae;jpuj;ij rupahd

Kiwapy; guhkhpj;J> jpUj;j

NtiyfisAk; rhpahd Neu fhyj;jpy;

Nkw;nfhs;tjd; %yk; Gy; ntl;Lk;

,ae;jpuj;jpypUe;;J cr;r gaid ngw;Wf;

nfhs;tNjhL> mjd; MAl; fhyj;ijAk;

ePbf;f KbAk;.

19kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

14 Mk; gf;fj;jpypUe;J ......

Njitahd fhyepiy [k;G ,dq;fs; mad kz;ly my;yJ mjidnahj;j fhypepiyikfspy; rpwg;ghf tsUk;;. rptg;G

[k;GthdJ jho;ehL> kj;jpa ehL Mfpatw;iwg; Nghd;Nw kiyehl;Lg; gpuNjrq;fspYk; rpwg;ghf tsUk;.

,yq;ifapy; mNefkhf vy;yh Fsph;r;rpahd gpuNjrq;fspYk; ,J tsUk;. ntg;gepiy kpff; Fiwthf

,Uf;Fk; gpuNjrj;jpy; tsh;r;rpailahJ. Mdhy; ,dtpUj;jp nra;ag;gl;L Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;l [k;Gj; jhtuq;fs;

ve;j tifahd fhyepiyapYk; ed;F tsh;r;rpailAk;. ntyp (kzy;) [k;G mjpfkhf tsh;tJ <utyag;

gpuNjrq;fspyhFk;. gpdp [k;G kj;jpa kiyehl;by; mjpfkhf tpisAk;. ,J ePz;l fhyj;jpw;F twl;rpiaAk;>

mjpfsthd ntg;gepiy NtWghL epyTk; gpuNjrq;fspYk;; <L nfhLj;J tsu khl;lhJ. vdpDk; [k;Gg;

gaph;r;nra;iff;F mjpf cyh;thd> mjpf ntg;gkhd gpuNjrq;fs; cfe;jjy;y.

guk;gy; tpijapd;%yk; [k;Git ,yFthf ,dg;ngUf;fk; nra;ayhk;. [k;G tpijfspd;; tho;jfT Fiwe;j

fhyj;jpw;Nf epiyj;jpUf;Fk;. vdNt goj;jpypUe;J tpijiag; gphpj;njLj;jTld; cldbahfNt eLif

nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ,y;yhtpby; kzy; ehw;W Nkilfspy; tpijfis el;L> mjd; gpd;dh; tPhpakhf tsh;e;j

ehw;iw NjitahdthW eLif nra;J nfhs;s KbAk;. gjpa ,dg;ngUf;fj;jpy; ehw;Wf;fis cw;gj;jp

nra;J nfhs;tNj rhyr; rpwe;jjhFk;. tpij %yk; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;l ehw;Wld; (xl;Lf;fl;il) cah;e;j

Fzq;fSila jha;j; jhtuj;jpd; xl;Lf; fpisia xl;b eLtjw;fhd ehw;Wf;fis cw;gj;jp nra;J nfhs;s

KbAk;. ,jidj; jtpu ,il ituj; Jz;lq;fs;> fhw;Wg; gjpitj;jy;> Mg;nghl;L Mfpatw;wpd; %yKk;

ehw;Wf;fis cw;gj;jp nra;J nfhs;s KbAk;.

gaph; nra;jy; jpUg;jpfukhfg; gaph; nra;tjw;F ed;F #hpa ntspr;rk; fpilf;f Ntz;Lk;. vdpDk; rhjhuz

epoypd; fPo; ,jidg; gaphplyhk;. ePh; ed;whf tbe;J nry;y Ntz;Lk;. vy;yh tifahd kz; tiffspYk;

thof; $baJ ,g;gaph;. Vida gog;gaph;fisg; Nghd;Nw [k;gtpw;Fk; epyj;ij Maj;jk; nra;aTk;. 60 r.kP

(2 mb) ePs> mfy> MoKs;s Fopfis ntl;ba gpd; mjid Nky; kz;> cf;fpa rhzk;> $l;nlU Mfpa

fyitahy; epug;g Ntz;Lk;. ,jidj; jtpu ,urhadg; grisfis ,l;Lk; gad; ngwyhk;.

jhtuj;jpd; cauk;> tpjhdk; Mfpatw;iw fj;jhpj;J jhtuj;jpd; fl;likg;igg; guhkhpj;Jf; nfhs;s

KbAk;. gjpa ,dg;ngUf;fj;jpd; %yk; ngwg;gl;l ehw;Wf;fis G+r;rhbfspYk; eLif nra;J gad;ngwyhk;.

gaph;fSf;F Vw;gLk; Neha;> gPilfs; [k;G jhtuj;ij Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsthd Neha;fs;> gPilfs; ghjpg;gjpy;iy. rpy re;jh;g;gq;fspy; ngy; G&l;

(Bell fruit) vDk; [k;G tif go <f;fspdhy; ghjpf;fg;gLk;. ,jw;F rpghhpR nra;ag;gl;lthW g+r;rpg;nghwpfisg;

gad;gLj;jyhk;. nghJthf [k;G goq;fspd; mbg;ghfj;ij Nehf;fp vWk;Gfs; ftug;gLtij mtjhdpf;fyhk;.

,jdhy; goj;jpy; %lg;gl;l ghfj;jpy; vWk;Gfs; fhzg;gLk;. ,jdhy; ,tw;iw tpw;gid nra;tjpy; gpur;rpidfs;

Vw;glyhk;. [k;Gtpd; ,iyfspy; Psylid vDk; G+r;rpapd; jhf;fj;ijf; fhzyhk;. ,jdhy; gpdp [k;GNt

mjpfstpw; ghjpf;fg;gLk;. ,jd; NghJ ,iyapd; kPJ nfhg;Gsq;fs; cUthtijAk; mtjhdpf;fyhk;.


mWtil tpij ehw;;Wf;fs; fha;g;gjw;F Rkhh; 3 tUlq;fs; nry;Yk;. Mdhy; xl;Lf; fd;Wfis

eLk; NghJ 1½ - 2 tUlq;fspy; gad; ngwyhk;. [k;G gOj;jTld; kuj;jpypUe;J tpOtJ

,ay;ghdjhFk;. ,jdhy; goq;fspd; nkd;ikahd ghfq;fs; ghjpf;fg;gLk;. vdNt ,tw;iw

ftdkhf mWtil nra;J re;ijf;F mDg;gp itf;f Ntz;Lk;.

gad;ghL [k;Git NeubahfNt cz;z KbAk;. goq;fspw;F ngWkhdk; Nrh;j;Jk; ,jid

cz;zyhk;. ,it Ritahf tpsq;FtNjhL> ghJfhj;J itg;gjw;fhd tha;g;Gfs; cs;sd.

,jd; rhw;wpd; Rit> nkhWnkhWg;;ghd fbgLk; jd;ik vd;gd gRk; gokhf gpugy;akiltjw;fhd

fhuzpfs; MFk;.

ntyp[k;Git cld; gokhf cz;gij tpl N[k;> n[yp> rPdp rpug; Mfpadthfg; ghJfhj;J>

Vida rpw;Wz;bfshf cz;z KbAk;. ntyp [k;Gitg; gad;gLj;jp cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk;

<w;WzTfspy; mjw;Nf chpa RitAk;> kzKk; mlq;fpAs;sik xU tpNrl mk;rkhFk;.

rpw;Wz;bfisj; jahhpf;fg; gad;gLk; RitA+l;bahd Nuh]; Nthl;liu (Rose water) cw;gj;jp

nra;aTk; gad;gLk;. ntyp [k;G jhtuj;jpd; mhpkuk; gykhdjhy; rq;fPj cgfuzq;fs;> eph;khzj;

JiwapYk;> ghJfhg;G ntypfs;> $iu> Gifapuj rpypg;gh; fl;ilfs;> rpiyfs;> jsghlq;fs;

jahhpf;fTk; gad;gLk;. [k;G ,iyfs; thridj; jputpak; jahhpf;fg; gad;gLk;. [k;Gg; gok;

%isapd; jpwDf;F cjTk; gy kUj;Jtf; Fzq;fisf; nfhz;lJ. [k;G G+f;fspy; mjpfsthd

Njd; fhzg;gLtjhy;> ,it NjdPf;fisf; ftUk;. vdNt jukhd NjidAk; cw;gj;jp nra;J

nfhs;s KbAk;.

[k;Gtpy; mjpfsthd kUj;Jtf; Fzq;fs; cs;sjhf jfty;fs; njhptpf;fpd;wd.

%isapdJk;> <uypdJk; Kiwahd njhopw;ghl;bw;F Kf;fpakhd %ypiffs; ,jpy; mlq;fpAs;sd.

tapw;Nwhl;lk;> cly; twl;rp> fz; Neha; Nghd;wtw;iwf; Fzg;gLj;j [k;G tpij gad;gLfpd;wJ.

gy ehLfspy; [k;G tpijfSk;> Nth;fSk; gy Neha;fspw;fhd kUe;jhfg; gad;gLfpd;wJ. [k;G

G+f;fspd; epwk;> fth;r;rp Nghd;wtw;wpdhy; tPl;Lj; Njhl;l myq;fhuj;jpYk; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.

fyhepjp.fy;ahzp nfl;lNgMur;rp

nghWg;ghd Muha;r;rp mYtyh;

goq;fs; Muha;r;rp> mgptpUj;jp epiyak;>

fd;ndhWit

21kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

vd; moifg; ghhPh;jhtuj;jpd; nghJg; ngah; - naNyh ruf;fh

jhtuf; FLk;gk; - ngNgrpNa (Fabaceae)

jhtutpaw; ngah; - Saraca thaipingensis

gutpAs;s ehLfs; - kpad;khh;>

jha;yhe;J> kNyrpah> ,e;NjhNdrpah

cfe;j fhyepiy - mad kz;ly

ehLfs;

jhtuj;jpd; jd;ik - 7 kPw;whpw;Fk;

mjpf cauk; tsuf;$ba kuk;

nghJthd jfty;fs; - #hpa xspia

mjpfkhf tpUk;Gk; cyh; fhyepiyiaj;

jhq;fp kpf tpiuthf tsUk; xU

jhtukhFk;. ePh; ed;F tbe;J nry;yf;

$ba> XusT mkpyj; jd;ikahd kz;zpy;

rpwg;ghf tsUk; jhtukhFk;. ,j;jhtuj;ij

tpijfs; my;yJ jz;Lj; Jz;lq;fs; %yk; ,jid

,dg;ngUf;fk; nra;ayhk;. ,sk; ,iyfs; ntsph; kQ;rs; epwj;jpy;

fPNo Nehf;fp nfhj;jhfj; njhq;fpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. fLk; kQ;rs; epwkhd G+e;Jzh;fs;

jz;Lfspy; my;yJ gpujhd fpisfspy; cUthFk;. ntg;gkhd fhyj;jpy; ,g; g+f;fs; kyuj;

njhlq;FtJld;> ,uT Neuq;fspy; ,g; g+f;fspd; kzk; mjpfkhftpUf;Fk;. g+f;fs; thLk; NghJ

rptg;ghf khWk;. nky;ypa jl;ilahd nghpa> ePz;l fha;fs; Kjph;r;rpailAk; NghJ Cjh

epwkhf khwp> ,uz;lhf ntbf;Fk;. ,jpy; fWg;G epwkhd tpijfs; fhzg;gLk;.

vd; moifg; ghhPh; tpNrl mq;fj;ij toq;;fpath; - fyhepjp.V.vk;.V.v];.mj;jehaf;f> (gpujpg; gzpg;ghsh;)

Rgh\pzp nrdtpuj;d (epfo;r;rp cjtpahsh;)> mur jhtutpaw; G+q;fh


goq;fs; md;whl

tho;f;iff;F mtrpakhd

Xh; czTg;nghUshFk;.

gpujhd czT Ntisf;Fg;

gpd; <w;Wzthf ,d;W

ngUk;ghyhNdhh; goq;fis

cz;gjpy; Mh;tk;

nfhz;Ls;sdh;. ,jw;fhd

fhuzk; goq;fis cz;gjd;

%yk; gpujhd czT

Ntisf;F Nkyjp

fkhf clYf;Fj;

Njitahd gy Nghriz

fis toq;Ffpd;wjhFk;.

,yq;if xU

rpwpa jPthf ,Ug;gpDk;

,q;F Vuhskhd goq;fisf;

fhzf; $bajhf cs;sJ.

,tw;wpy; tUlk; KOtJk;

fha;g;gNjhL> ,d;Dk;

rpy goq;fs; Fwpg;gpl;lf;

fhyj;jpNyNa fha;f;fpd;wd.

NkYk; rpy gpuNjrq;fSf;F

khj;jpuk; kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l

go th;f;fq;fSk; cs;sd.

,jw;fhd Kf;fpa fhuzk;

xt;nthU gaph;fspw;Fk;

mtrpakhd fhyepiy

NtWgLtjhFk;.

ntg;gtya goq;fSk;

,t;thW tpNrlj;Jtkhd fhy

epiy mtrpakhd ,d;ndhU

go tiffshFk;. kiyehl;L

,il> <u tyaq;fspy;

ntg;gtya gog;gaph;fis

tpahghu Nehf;fpy;

nra;ifgz;ZtJ ,yhg

fukhdjhFk;. ,yq;ifapy;

nra;ifgz;zf; $ba ntg;g

tyag; gaph;fshf mg;gps;>

ngahh;];> ];Nuhnghp> gPr;>

nef;lhpd;> yPr;> g;yk;];

vd;gtw;iwf; Fwpg;gpl

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nef;lhpd;> yPr;> g;yk;];

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mg;gps;> ];Nuhghp> ngahh;];

vd;gdtw;wpw;F mjpf

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mg;gpSk;> 248 nkw;wpf;

njhd; ngahh;Rk; ,wf;Fkjp

nra;ag;gl;ld. ,jw;nfd

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&ghAk; 12.3 kpy;ypad;

&ghAk; nrytplg;gl;lJ

(Agstst 2013). mjpf

fpuhf;fp epyTtjd; fhuz-

khfNt ,t;thW ngUk-

sthd nrytpy; ,g;goq;fs;

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kiyehl;L ,il tyak;>

kiyehl;L <utyak;

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tyaq;fspy; ,tw;wpd;

gaph;r;nra;ifia

tp];jhpg;gjd; %yk;

nrytplg;gLk; ngUksthd

me;epa nryhtzpia

kPjg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s KbAk;.

mg;gps;>

ngahh;]; Mfpad g+f;Fk;

fhyg;gFjpapy; 200 - 300

kzpj;jpahyq;fspw;F 15

ghif nry;rpair tplf;

Fiwthd ntg;gepiy

epyTtJ mtrpakhFk;.

,g;gokuq;fspd; rpwe;j

tsh;r;rpf;F ruhrhp cah;

ntg;gepiy 25 ghif

nry;rpair tplf;

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ntg;gepiyahf 15 ghif

nry;rparhfTk; ,Uj;jy;

Ntz;Lk;. ruhrhp rhhPug;gjd;

60 - 70 tPjk; tiu ,Uj;jy;

Ntz;Lk;. ,jdhy; goq;fs;

Njhd;Wtjw;fhd #oy;

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,il> <u tyaq;fspy;

fhzg;gLfpd;wik

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kUj;Jtf; Fzq;fisAk;;

kiyehl;L ,il> <u tyaq;fspy; ntg;g tya gog;

gaph;fisr; nra;ifgz;Ztjw;fhd tha;g;Gfs;

23kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

nfhz;lit vd;gJ

Fwpg;gplj;jf;f mk;rkhFk;.

mjhtJ clypw;F cfe;j

ehh;> xl;rpNaw;w vjphpfs;>

fdpg;nghUs;> tpl;lkpd;fs;

mlq;fpAs;sik> jpde;NjhWk;

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vd;gtw;iw jLj;Jf; nfhs;s

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mlq;fpAs;s nfhOg;ig

Fiwg;gJld; cly;

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gq;fspg;G nra;fpwJ.

,g;gpuNjrj;jpy;

nra;ifgz;z kpfTk;

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tUlq;fspy;;

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mg;gps; kuj;jpypUe;J 20

- 30 goq;fisg; ngw

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kuj;jpypUe;J gwpf;f KbAk;.

ed;F gOj;jit rptg;G epwg;

gpd;dzpapy; nghd;dpwkhff;

fhzg;gLk;. ,wf;Fkjp

nra;ag;gl;lg; goq;fSld;

xg;gpLk; NghJ mjpfsT

RitahdJ.

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ngahh;]; jhtuj;jpd;

nghUshjhu tho;f;iff;

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tiuahFk;. 12 tUlq;fs;

tiu ed;F tsh;e;j

ngahh;]; kunkhd;wpypUe;J

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goq;;fs; tiu mWtil

nra;a KbAk;. mWtil

nra;Ak; NghJ Nkw;Nwhypy;

gr;ir epwj;jpw;F Nky;

,sk; fgpy epwk;

tpUj;jpailtNjhL> mjd;

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KbAk;. ,r;re;jh;g;gj;jpy;

mWtil nra;jhy;

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kUj;Jtf; Fzq;fSk;

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th;f;fj;jpw;Nf mjpf


xU n`f;lahpy; gaphpLtjw;fhd cw;gj;jpr; nryT

mg;gps; ngahh;]; ];Nuhgwpp

ehw;Wf;fspw;F (&gh) 126 000'00 99 000'00 3 320 000'00

Fopfisj; jahhpf;fTk;> ehw;W elTk; (&gh) 91 200'00 72 000'00 80 000'00

ePh;r; Rz;zhk;gpw;Fk;> rhzj;jpw;Fk; (&gh) 14 000'00 16 200'00 104 000'00

mbf;fl;Lg; gris (&gh) 4 710'00 3 650'00 8 400'00

nghUshjhu tho;f;iff; fhyj;jpy; gris ,l (&gh) 47 210'00 37 000'00 37 200'00

Neha;> gPilf; fl;Lg;ghl;bw;F (&gh) 10 000'00 10 000'00 5 000'00

kuj;ijf; fj;jhpf;fTk;> gapw;Wtpf;fTk; (&gh) 10 000'00 10 000'00 1 600'00

sthd tha;;g;Gfs; cs;sd.

,t;th;f;fj;ij gaphpLk; NghJ

xU n`f;lahpypUe;J 20 -

30 nkw;wpf; njhd; goq;fis

tpisr;ryhfg; ngw;Wf;

nfhs;s KbAk;. ehw;Wf;fis

el;L 4 khjq;fspd; gpd;dh;

mWtil nra;a KbAk;.

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nra;if gz;z Vw;gLk;

nryTfs; ml;ltiz 1 ,y;

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nra;ifgz;Ztjpy;iy.

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gaphpLfpd;wdh;. mj;Jld;

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KbAk;.

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$bajhfTk; cs;sJ.

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cz;ikahd Ritia

ehk; czu KbahJs;sJ.

Mdhy; vkJ ehl;bNyNa

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Ritahd goq;fisAk;

ehk; Efuyhk;.

njhFj;J toq;fpath;

<.Nf.<.rP.ead

Muha;r;rp mytyh;

gpuhe;jpa tptrha Muha;r;rp epiyak;>

gz;lhutis

25kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

frl;il Fzq;fs; epuk;gpa

tUlk ;

xU Kiw

Vg;uy;> Nk

khjq;fspy; gutyhff;

fpilf;Fk;> Ritahf czT jahhpf;ff;

$banjhU fha; frl;il MFk;.

Careya arborea Roxb vd;gNj ,jd; jhtutpaw; ngauhFk;. ,J

Lecythidaceae FLk;gj;ij Nrh;e;j xU

jhtukhFk;. ,J ,yq;if> ,e;jpah>

kpad;khh;> kNyrpah> Mg;fhdp];jhd;

Nghd;w ehLfspy; fhzg;gLfpwJ. rpq;fs

nkhopapy; ,J f`l;l vdTk; jkpopy;

frl;il vdTk; ,e;jpapy; Fk;gp vdTk;

Xf; kuj;ij xj;jpUg;gjhy; Mq;fpyj;jpy;

gj;jd Xf; vdTk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.

<utyag; gpuNjrq;fspy;

,j;jhtuk; ed;F tsh;r;rpailAk;.

fly; kl;lj;jpypUe;J 1500 kPw;wh;

cauk; tiuahd fz;b> khj;jis>

Nffhiy> khtdy;iy> njy;njzpa

Nghd;w gpuNjrq;fspy; gutyhff;

fhzg;gLk;.

10 - 20 kPw;wh; cauk; tiu

tsUk; ,iyAjph;f;Fk; xU jhtuk;

MFk;. tUlj;jpw;nfhU jlit gr;ir

epwkhd ,iy nghd;dpwkhf khwp

,iyAjph;g;gNjhL> tlfPo; gUtg;

ngah;r;rpf; fhw;W kioapd; NghJ

Gjpjhf Jsph; tpLk;. ,j;Jsph;fs; fgpy

epwkhdjhFk;. ,e;epwj;jpd; fhuzkhf tPl;Lj;

Njhl;lq;fspy; xU myq;fhuj; jhtukhfTk;

,J gad;;gLfpd;wJ.

khh;r;> Vg;uy; khjq;fspy; fpisf

spd; Edpapy; kyh;fs; cUthFk;. ehd;F

,jo;fisf; nfhz;l frl;ilg; G+tpy;

Gy;ypfSld; fha; ,ize;jpUf;Fk;. tise;j

,jo;fs; gr;ir epwkhdit MFk;. ,sQ;

rptg;G epwkhd kfue;j ,iofs; kyUk; NghJ

Nky;Nehf;fpf; fhzg;gLk;. kfue;jr; Nrh;f;if

mile;j gpd; kPjkhfp GijAk; ghfj;ijNa

ehk; czthf cl;nfhs;fpd;Nwhk;.


gad;fs;

,iyAjph; jhtukhifahy;

myq;fhuj; jhtukhf tPl;Lj; Njhl;lq;fspy;

gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. frl;ilj; jhtuj;jpd;

jb ,sk; fgpy epwkhdjhFk;. frl;il kuk;

ePiu cwpQ;rhj gbahy; ePz;l fhyj;jpw;F

cf;fhJ epiyj;jpUf;Fk;. ,jdhy; rpypg;gh;

fl;ilfs;> fjT epiyfs;> jsghlg;

nghUl;fs; Mfpadtw;iwj; jahhpf;fg;

gad;gLk;. kuj;ij kpDkpDg;ghf;Fk; NghJ

myq;fhukhfj; Njhw;wkspf;Fk;. ,jd; G+f;fs;>

,sk; fha;fspypUe;J rikf;Fk; czT

kpfTk; RitahdjhFk;.

kUj;Jtf; Fzq;;fs;

kdpj clypy; MNuhf;fpa tho;tpw;F

mtrpakhd xl;rpNaw;wnajphpfs; (Antioxident)

gytw;iw ,j;jhtuj;jpd; ,iyfs;> fha;> gl;il>

G+f;fs; vd;gd nfhz;Ls;sd. vdNt jhtuj;jpd;

ghfq;fs; gy;NtW Neha;fisf; fl;Lg;gLj;j

MAh;Ntj itj;jpaj;jpy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

,Uky;> jbkd;> GOf;fis mopf;f> fhaq;fs;>

nrq;fz;khhp Nghd;w gy Neha;fisf; Fzg;gLj;j

gutyhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

tpl;lkpd; rp gw;wp ePq;fs; mwpe;jitAk;> mwpahjdTk; !!! tpl;lkpd; rp vd;gJ Gjpa goq;fspYk;> kuf;fwpfspYk;>

fPiufspYk; mjpfstpw; fhzg;gLk; ePhpw; fiuAk; xU tpl;lkpd;

MFk;. cztpw; fhzg;gLk; tpl;lkpd; rp czTf; fhy;thapdhy;

KOikahf cwpQ;rg;gLk;. tpl;lkpd; rp MdJ m];Nfhgpf; mkpyk;

vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;

Mf;fk;

czTg; nghUs; msT czTg; nghUs; msT

ney;yp 600 gr;ir kpsfha; 150

Ke;jphpifg; gok; 200Njhil Njhy;$

nykd; Njhy;150

fWg;G jpuhl;ir 200 - 250 Njhlk; gor;rhW 60

Ke;jphpif 180 gg;ghrp 30 - 120

nfha;ah 10 - 400 md;dhrp 30 - 60

gr;ir epwf; fPiu 50 - 220 kh 10 - 50

thio 10 - 30

Mh;.gp.v];.Nf.nf.uj;dkyy>

tptrhag; Nghjdhrphpia>

©q;fdpapaw; gaph;fs; Muha;r;rp>

mgptpUj;jp epWtdk;>

fd;ndhWit

tpl;lkpd; rp mlq;fpAs;s gpujhd czTg; nghUl;fs;

(100 fpuhkpy; mlq;fpAs;s msT kpy;yp fpuhk;fspy;)

27kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

mtiug; gaph;fspYk;>

jhdpaq;fspYk; mlq;fpAs;s tpl;lkpd;

rp ,d; msT FiwthdNjhL> mtw;iw

Kisf;f itj;J cz;Zk; NghJ

mjpYs;s tpl;lkpd; rp ,d; msit

mjpfhpj;Jf; nfhs;s KbAk;.

mNdfkhd goq;fspy; NjhypNy-

Na mjpfsthd tpl;lkpd; rp

mlq;fpAs;sjhy; nfha;ah Nghd;w

goq;fis cz;Zk; NghJ NjhYld;

cz;gNj rhyr; rpwe;jJ.

jhapd; cz;;Zk;

cztpNyNa jha;g; ghypYs;s tpl;lkpd;

rp ,d; msT jq;fpAs;sJ. vdNt

jha;g; ghiy nfhLf;Fk; jha;khh;fs;

Kiwahf tpl;lkpd; rp mlq;fpAs;s

czTfis cz;gJ Kf;fpakhFk;.

,yq;ifapYs;s ngUk;ghyhd

kuf;fwpfspYk;> goq;fspYk; tpl;lkpd;

rp mlq;fpAs;sjhy;>

Nehahspfisj; jtpu VidNahh;

gpuj;jpNafkhf kUe;Jfspd; %yk;

tpl;lkpd; rp I cs;nsLf;f Ntz;ba

mtrpakpy;iy.

tpl;lkpd; c apd; gad;fs;

nfhny[d; vd;Dk; ngaU

ila ehh; th;f;fk; cly; mq;fq;fs;>

ghfq;fs; vd;gdtw;iw tYTld;

guhkhpf;f mtrpakhFk;. ,e;j

nfhyn[d; ehh; Kjph;r;rpaila tpl;lkpd;

rp mtrpakhFk;. tpl;lkpd; rp FiwghL

Vw;gl;lhy; FUjpf; Foha;fspd; Rth;fs;

$l tYtypof;Fk;. ,jdhy; FUjpf;

Foha;fs; ntbj;J nkd;ikahd gFjpf-

spD}lhf FUjpf; frpT Vw;gLk;. ,J

curvy vdg;gLk;.

vkJ clypw;F vjph;g;Gr;

rf;jpia toq;Ftjw;F tpl;lkpd;

rp mtrpakhFk;. ,jdhy;

Neha;fspypUe;J ghJfhf;Fk;

ty;yik ,jw;F cz;L. mj;Jld;

ituir mopf;Fk; ty;yikAk;

nfhz;lJ. ,jdhy;jhd; jbkd;

Neha; Vw;gLk; NghJ tpl;lkpd; rp I mjpfstpy; toq;Fk; re;jh;g;gq;fSk;;

cs;sd.

tpl;lkpd; rp ,y; xl;rpNaw;w

kiltjw;fhd vjph;g;Gf; fhuzp

fisf; nfhz;Ls;sjhy; Gw;W

Neha; cUthFk; re;jh;g;gj;ijf;

Fiwf;Fk;.

,Uk;G mfj;JwpQ;riy

tpl;lkpd; rp mjpfhpf;Fk;. vdNt

ty;yhiu Nghd;w ,Uk;G mjpfk;

fhzg;gLk; fPiufis rikf;Fk;

NghJ tpl;lkpd; rp mlq;fpAs;s

vYkpr;ir rhw;iw Nrh;j;jhy; ,Uk;G

mfj;JwpQ;ry; mjpfhpf;fg;gLk;.

,Uk;G Fiwg;ghl;il epth;j;jp

nra;a ,jid gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s

KbAk;.

rikf;Fk; NghJ cztpy;

mlq;fpAs;s tpl;lkpd; rp mjpf

stpy; moptilAk;. ,jid

FLk;gj; jiytpfs; mwpe;jpUj;jy;

kpf mtrpakhFk;. mjpf Neuk;

czitr; #lhf;Fk;

NghJk; tpl;lkpd; rp mjpfstpy;

moptilAk;. cjhuzkhf

rikg;gjw;F Kd; 200 fpuhk;

Nfhthtpy; 70 kpy;yp fpuhk;

tpl;lkpd; rp fhzg;gLk;. Mdhy; 10


epkplq;fs; #lhf;fpa gpd; ,e;j msT

50 kpy;yp

fpuhkhff; FiwAk;. 15 epkplk;

#lhf;fpa gpd; ,JNt 30 kpy;yp

fpukkhff; FiwAk;.

gr;irahf cz;zf;$ba

czTfis gr;irahf cz;gjd; %yk;

,e;j ghjpg;igf; Fiwj;Jf; nfhs;s

KbAk;.

ghiy fpUkpaopf;Fk;

NghJk;> ghy; khitj; jahhpf;Fk;

NghJk; tpw;wkpd; rp mjpfs

tpy;; mopAk;. tpl;lkpd; rp

ePhpw; fiuAk;. ePiur; Nrh;j;J rikf;Fk;

NghJ mjpy; mjpfsT nrhjp Ald;;

fiue;J tpLk;;. nry;Yk;. vdNt

czit cl;nfhs;Sk; NghJ nrhjpia

Nrh;j;Jf; nfhs;tJ Kf;fpakhFk;.

czit gpj;jis kw;Wk; ,Uk;G

ghj;jpuq;fspy; rikf;Fk; NghJ tpw;wkpd;

rp mjpfsT moptilAk;;. vdNt

kz; my;yJ mYkpdpag; ghj;jpuj;ij

cgNahfpf;Fk; NghJ ,g;gpur;rpid

Vw;glhJ.

N[k; jahhpf;Fk; NghJ rPdp

iar; Nrh;g;gjdhYk;> Fsp&l;LtjdhYk;

tpl;lkpd; rp mjpfsT moptilahJ.

vdpDk; #hpa xspapy; mlq;fpAs;s

Cjhf;; fle;j fjph;fs; (uv) glf; $bathW itf;Fk; NghJ tpw;wkpd; rp moptilayhk;. vdNt ,tw;iw fWg;G

epwkhd Nghj;jy;fspy; my;yJ ,Ushd

,lj;jpy; fsQ;rpag;gLj;jp itg;gJ

Kf;fpakhdjhFk;.

fPiufis mhpe;J

miw ntg;gepiyapy; 4 - 12

kzpj;jpahyq;fspw;F itf;Fk;

NghJ 30 - 80% tpw;wkpd; rp moptilAk;. goq;fisAk;>

kuf;fwpfisAk; ePz;l fhyk;

Nrkpj;J itj;jy;> miuj;J

cz;zy;> rikj;J ePz;l

Neuj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dh; cz;zy;

vd;gdTk; tpl;lkpd; rp Fiwa

fhuzq;fshf mikAk;.

goq;fis cz;z Kd;

mtw;iw ntl;b itf;Fk; NghJ

mtw;wpd; kPJ fhw;W

gLtjdhYk;> gof;fyitiaj;

jahhpj;J fhw;W gLkhW itf;Fk;

NghJk; tspapy; fhzg;gLk; xl;rprd;

%yKk;> cztpy; fhzg;gLk;

m];NfhNg]; nehjpak; %yKk;

tpw;wkpd; rp mjpfstpy; Fiw

tilAk;. vdNt gof;fyitiaj;

jahhpj;J 12 kzpj;jpahyq;fspw;Fs;

cl;nfhs;sy;> tspapy; jpwe;J

itg;gijj; jtph;j;jy; my;yJ

Fsph;rhjdg; ngl;bapy; itg;gJ

Kf;fpakhFk;. mr;rhW my;yJ

cg;gply; %yk; cztpy;

mlq;fpAs;s tpl;lkpd; rp KO

ikahf moptilAk;. kuf;fwp>

fPiu tiffis ntl;ba gpd;dh;

fOTtjhYk; tpw;wkpd; rp mopAk;.

Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l mk;rq;;fisf;

fUj;jpw; nfhz;L czTfisj;

juk; Fiwahky; czthfj;

jahhpj;J cl;nfhs;sy; rpwg;ghFk;.

B.gP.gP.mUz arghypj;j>

tptrhag; Nghjdhrphpah;>

Nrthfk>

nghyd;dWit

29kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

myq;fhu ,iyj; jhtuq;fis nra;ifgz;Ztjw;fhd tha;g;Gfs; fle;j ,jopd; njhlh;r;rp...

nrd;wpahdhit nra;ifgz;z

ghj;jpfis Maj;jk; nra;jy;

epoy; tiyfspdhy; kiwg;gplg;gl;l

epyj;ij NkYk; kl;lg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.

kl;lg;gLj;jpa gpd;dh; ghj;jpfisj; jahhpf;f

Ntz;Lk;. ghj;jpfspd; mfyk; 1.5 kPw;wh;

MfTk;> ePsj;ijg; guhkhpf;f ,yFthfTk;>

tiy ,y;yj;jpd; mstpw;fikaTk;

jPh;khdpj;Jf; nfhs;s KbAk;. ,U

ghj;jpfSf;F ,ilNa 50 r.kP msTs;s

fhd;fspdhy; ghj;jpfis Ntwhf;ff;

$bathW $dpabj;Jf; fapw;iwf; fl;b

ghj;jpfis milahskply; Ntz;Lk;. tiy

,y;yj;jpy; elg;gl;bUf;Fk; J}z; ghj;jpapd;

eLtpy; mikahjgb ghj;jpfs;; jahhpf;fg;gLk;.

mjd; gpd; 50 r.kP mfyj;jpw;F fhid

ntl;b> mk; kz;iz ghj;jpapd; Nky; ,l;L

4 mq;Fyk; caukhd ghj;jpfis Maj;jk;

nra;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,t;thW

jahhpf;fg;gl;l ghj;jpapYs;s nghpa fw;;fs;>

Nth; vd;gdtw;iw Fg;igthwp %yk; mfw;wp

rkg;gLj;jTk;. rkg;gLj;jg;gl;l ghj;jpapd; kPJ

Jk;Gj;J}isAk;> kuj;J}isAk; xd;whff;

fye;j fyitia 2 mq;Fy cauj;jpw;F

xU gilahf ,lTk;. ,f;fyitia ghj;jpapd;

Nky; Ez;zpajhfg; gutp tplTk;.

,r;re;jh;g;gj;jpy; ePh;g;ghrdk;

nra;tjw;F trjpahf Foha;fisAk;

nghUj;jpf; nfhs;tJ Kf;fpakhFk;. ,tw;iw

cq;fs; Njitf;fika jpl;lkpl;L ];jhgpj;Jf;

nfhs;s KbAk;.

,t;thW fhd;fs;; mikj;J

ghj;jpfis Maj;jk; nra;tjw;Fg; gjpyhf

NtW xU KiwAk; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. 2

x 4 x 10 mq;Fy msTfspy; jahhpf;fg;gl;l

nfhq;wPl; (rPnke;Jf;) fw;fisg; gad;gLj;jp

1.5 kPw;wh; mfykhd ghj;jpfs; 50 r.kP

,ilntspapy; jahhpf;fg;gLk;. ,g;ghj;jpfspw;F

Nrjdg; gris ($l;nlU)> kz;> kzy;> Jk;Gj;

J}s; (njd;dQ; NrhW) Mfpatw;iwr; Nrh;j;J

ngwg;gl;lf; fyitia ,l;L ghj;jpfs; kl;lg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

,jidj; jtpu Xl;Lj; Jz;Lfs; Nghd;w nghUj;jkhd

nghUl;fisg; gad;gLj;jpAk; ghj;jpfisj; jahhpj;Jf;

nfhs;s KbAk;.

nrd;wpahdh ehw;Wf;fis ely;

jahhpf;fg;gl;lg; ghj;jpfspy; gy Kiwfspy;

ehw;Wf;fis eLif nra;J nfhs;s KbAk;. gioa

gaph;r;nra;ifapypUe;;J ntl;lg;gl;l ehw;Wf;fis

Neubahfg; ghj;jpfspy; eLif nra;J nfhs;s

KbAk;. ,jd; NghJ jha;j;jhtuj;jpypUe;J ntl;lg;gl;l

Neha;g;gPilj; jhf;fkw;w tPhpakhd ,uz;L ntl;Lj;

Jz;lq;fs; ,iyfSld; xU eLiff; Fopapy; xd;whf

elg;gLk;.

eLiff;fhf njhpT nra;ag;gLk;

ntl;Lj;Jz;lq;fs; 10 r.kP - 20 r.kP msTs;sjhapd;

kpfTk; rpwe;jJ. ,t;ntl;Lj;Jz;lq;fspy; Nth;tpLjiy

tpiuTgLj;Jk; Kfkhf Nth; tpLjiyj; J}z;Lk;

XNkhd;fis ntl;L Kidfspy; G+rp tply;

Ntz;Lk;. ,y;yhtpby; jha;j;jhtuj;ij fj;jhpf;Fk;

NghJ ngwg;gLk; ntl;Lj;Jz;lq;fspypUe;J ,iyfs;

mfw;wpa gpd; 10 r.kP caukhd Jz;lq;fshf

ntl;lTk;. ntl;LKidia rPnke;Jg; gilapdhy;

my;yJ nkOfpdhy; rPy; nra;J kzy; ehw;W

Nkilapy; el;l gpd; Nth; tpl;l fd;Wfis eLtjw;Fg;

ngw;Wf; nfhs;s KbAk;. ,dg;ngUf;fpapDs;

(Gnuhg;gNfl;lh;) ntl;Lj; Jz;lq;fis el;L>

Jz;lq;fspy; Nth; tplr; nra;J> mtw;iwAk;

eLtjw;Fg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s KbAk;.

ehw;W eLk; NghJ 1.5 kPw;wh; mfykhd

ghj;jpapy; mfykhd gf;fj;jpy; 7 ehw;Wf;fs;

,Uf;fj;jf;fthW thpirfspw;fpilapy; 20 r.kP ,ilnt-


ifg;gpb

$uhf;fg;gl;l kuj; Jz;L 20 cm 15 cm

ehw;Wf;fis eLtjw;fhd cgfuzk;

rpwg;ghf tsh;r;rpaile;j nrd;wpahdh jhtuk;

spapy; elTk;. ghj;jpapd;; ,U gf;fq;fspYk; 15

r.kP ,ilntsp tply; Ntz;Lk;. ,t;thW ehw;W

el 1.5 kPw;wh; ePskhd hPg;ig xd;wpy; ,UG-

wKk; 15 nr.kP ,ilntspia tpl;L 20 r.kP

,ilntspapy; VO $uhd gyifj; Jz;Lfis

Xh; Mzpapd; cjtpAld; nghUj;jp ,e;j vspa

cgfuzj;ijj; (glj;ijg; ghh;f;fTk;) jahhpj;J>

mjid ehw;Wf;fis tphpirfspy; eLtjw;F

milahskpl;Lf; nfhs;s KbAk;. ,t;thW ehw;W

elg;gl;l ghj;jpapy; xU th;f;f kPw;wh; gug;gstpy;

25 ehw;Wf;fs; tiu fhzg;gLk;.

ePh;g;ghrdk;

,g;gaph;r;nra;iff;F rpwg;ghd

ePh;g;ghrdk; mtrpakhFk;. ePh;g; gw;whf;Fiw

Vw;gLk; NghJ ,iyfspd; Edp fUFk;.

,J Tip burn vd miof;fg;gLk;. ,t;thW

ghjpg;gile;j fd;Wfs; Vw;Wkjp nra;a

cfe;jit my;y. kio Fiwthd fhyj;jpy;

xU ehs; tpl;L xU ehs; ePh;g;ghrdk; nra;jy;

mtrpak;. ,wg;gh; Foha;fspy; nghUj;jg;gl;l

g+g;Nghy ePiu tprpWk; ghfj;jpd; Clhf

eP&w;wTk;. ,y;yhtpby; J}ty;; ghrdj;ijAk;

Nkw;nfhs;s KbAk;.

cyh; fhyq;fspy; ePiug; gpbj;J

itf;f Jk;Gj;J}s; my;yJ kuj;J}s;

fyitahdJ ghj;jpapd; Nky; gj;jpuf;

fyitahf ,lg;gLfpd;wJ. 2 - 3 mq;Fy

cauj;jpw;F gj;jpuf;fyitia ,Ltjd;

%yk; ePiuAk;> NghrizfisAk; mjpf

fhyj;jpw;F mfj;JwpQ;r KbAk;. gaphpd;

tsh;;r;rpapy; ePhpd; juk; mjpf nry;thf;Fr;

nrYj;Jk;. ngu]; mad;fspd; (Fe+) nrwpT

$Ltjhy; nrd;wpahdh Nfhy;l; ,iyapd;

Nkw;Gwj;jpy; gr;irakw;w xsp Gf tpLk;

,lq;fisf; fhz KbAk;.

nrd;wpahdhtpw;fhd Nghrizj; Njit

jhtuf; fyq;fs; cUthfy;;>

,ioaq;fs; cUthfy; Nghd;w gy;NtW

njhopw;ghLfspw;F Nghriz

mtrpakhFk;. jhtu tsh;r;rpf;F gy

Nghrizfs; mtrpakhFk;. NtW

jhtuq;fisg; NghyNt ,tw;wpw;Fk; vy;yh

NghrizfisAk; toq;f Ntz;Lk;.

gP.[P.Mh;.Nf.tpf;ukNrf;fu

Muha;r;rp cjtpahsh;

mLj;j ,jopYk; njhlUk;. . .

31kyh; 53 - ,jo; 2

2014 vg;uy; - [ d; (52 - 2) ,jo; fkj;njhopy; tpsf;fk; · ii name of the publication : kamatholil...

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