219

Xo[gd, fynkb, m[woh dk f;azrko o; dh nfGftnesh d/ ;zdoG

ftZu s[bBkswe nfXn?B

6H1 G{fwek

fe;/ th rkfJB Å?bh dh o{g o/yk d/ dkfJo/ ftZu eJh sZs Åkwb j[zd/ jB

fit/ A fe rkfJB Å?bh dh f;oiDk bJh gq:'r ehs/ rJ/ okr, ;[o, b?n, skb,

wksok, GkÅk, ;kfjs nkfd Bkb ;zpzXs sZs, rkfJB Å?bh d/ rkfJB dhnK

ftÅ/ÅsktK iK fB:wktbh, rkfJB Å?bh d/ tZy-tZy ;"dAo: nXko, pzfdÅK d/ ftftX

ftÅ/ nkfd. Xo[gd, fynkb ns/ m[woh Å?bh dh pDso sZs fJZe-d{i/ T[Zs/

nXkos oj/ jB. nZi fi; Xo[gd rkfJB Å?bh Bz{ Gkosh ;zrhs dk dogD fejk

iKdk j? ns/ Gkosh ;zrhs d/ ;Zu/-;[Zu/ o{g tZi_'A ikfDnk iKdk j?, T[; Å?bh dh

T[sgZsh dk nXko gqpzX rkB Å?bh j?. gqpzX dhnK okr, skb ns/ gd ;zpzXs

ftÅ/ÅsktK Xo[gd Å?bh dh f;oiDk dk nXko pDhnK. nZr' AXo[gd Å?bh dhnK

e[ZM w[Zy ftÅ/ÅsktK Bz{ fynkb ftZu ngBkfJnk frnk ns/ fynkb Å?bh dhnK

ftÅ/ÅsktK Bz{ m[woh ftZu fJZe Bt/_ nzdkia ftZu gq;s[s ehsk frnk. n;h_ t/yd/ jK

fe Xo[gd ftZu skb, okr, gd dk wZjst fiankdk fojk idfe fynkb ftZu

ebgBk, ftuko, Imagination d/ ;[szso gqrNkt/ bJh ;[o Bz{ fiankdk wjZst fdZsk frnk. fJ; Bt/_AgB d/ d"o ftZu m[woh Å?bh dk o{g T[go'es d'jK

Å?bhnK s'I A ftbZyD j?. m[woh ftZu Gkt gqdoÅB dk wjZst fiankdk j[zdk j?.

GktK d/ ;gZÅN gqrNkt/ bJh fJ; Å?bh dhnK pzfdÅK d/ p'bK dk ;jh gqrNktk

iao{oh j?. m[woh ftZu Gkt gqdoÅB bJh p'bK Bz{ wjZst fdZsk iKdk j? ns/

Bkb-Bkb GktK Bz{ y[{p;{[osh Bkb gqrNkT[D bJh ;[szso ebgBk y/so th w"i{d

jz[dk j?. ;zy/g ftZu fJj fejk ik ;edk j? fe m[woh Å?bh ftZu Xog[d, fynkb

Å?bh d/ fwÅos o{g dk gqrNktk j[zdk j?. fiZE/ sZe fJjBK fszB rkfJB Å?bhnK

s'I_ fÅzrko o; dh T[sgZsh dk ;tkb j? sK n;h AfJj efj ;ed/ jK fe fÅzrko

o; dk ;G s'I_ tZX gqrNktk m[woh, T[; s'I Ae[M xZN gq:'r fyankb Å?bh ftZu ns/

;G s'I AxZN gq:'r Xo[gd Å?bh ftZu j[zdk j?. j[D n;h AfJjBK Å?bhnK ftub/

nzsoK pko/ ikDekoh gqkgs eoKr/.

220

6H2 gd ik ;[o d/ gq:'r ftub/ nzso

fi; soQK fe n;h Ay'i ekoi d/ shi/ nfXnkJ/ ftZu Xo[gd dh gfoGkÅk

ns/ T[sgZsh d/ tZy-tZy nXkoK pko/ ikD u[Ze/ jK fe Xo[gd µpd *Xo[t* ns/

*gd* µpd s'I ApfDnk j?. Xo[t µpd s'I AGkt j? fdqVsk, nNbsk, ;EkJh o{g

idfe gd fe;/ rkJ/ ikD tkbh ouBk Bz{ fejk iKdk j?. fJ; Xo[tsk iK

nNbsk d/ doµB Xo[gd dh o{go/yk d/ jo gZy ftZu j[zd/ jB. Xo[gd dh

T[&Zsgsh gqpzX ns/ Xo[tk rkB s'I j'Jh, fJ; eoe/ fJ; ftZu ;zrhse fB:wK dh

em'osk fiankdk j?. gqkuhB gqpzX rkB d/ *gqpzX* µpd dh gfoGkµk ftZu fijV/

fB:wpZXsk, neko dk tZvkgB, rzGhosk, gd dk wjZst nkfd Gkt j[zd/ ;B,

gqpzX d/ T[; d?th o{g d/ nKfµe doµD Xo[gd Å?bh ftZu iao{o j[zd/ jB. Xo[gd

ftZu gd dk wjZst fiankdk j'D eoe/ jh Xo[gd d/ gd nkgD/ F[ZX o{g ftZu

fwbd/ jB idfe pkeh rkfJB Å?bhnK dhnK eJh gd ouBktK nkgD/ Bt/A, pdb/

j'J/ ns/ ftrV/ j'J/ o{g ftZu th fwbdhnK jB. fynkb, m[woh Å?bh dhnK

g[okDh pzfdµK d/ µpdK dh s'IV-wo'V eoe/ iK T[;d/ ;pdK Bkb S/V-SkV eoe/

pD u[ZehnK eJh pzfdµk w"i{d jB. pzfdµK d/ ;kfjs Bkb ehsh rJh nfijh

S/VSkv s'I Agsk ubdk j? fe fynkb Å?bh ftZu gd dh gqXkBsk Xo[gd Å?bh

Bkb' AxZN j?. fynkb, Å?bh ftZu gd dh EK s/ ;[o Bz{ wjZst fiankdk fdZsk iKdk

j? feT_[AAfe fynkb Å?bh ftZu ebgBk dk wjZst fiankdk j[zdk j? ns/ tZy-tZy

ebgBktK B{z ;[oK d/ tZy-tZy Yzr Bkb ehs/ rJ/ gq:'rK okjhI ;gZFN ehsk iKdk

j?. m[woh Å?bh ftZu Gkt gqdoµB dk wjZst fiankdk j[zdk j?. fi; soQK fJZe

ftnesh nkgD/ wB dh fe;/ rZbpks B{z d{i/ ftnesh nZr/ eJh sohfenK Bkb

gq;s[s eodk j? T[;/ soKQ m[woh fJZe nfijh uzub fposh tkbh Å?bh j?, fi;

ftZu fe;/ Gkt d/ gqrNkt/ Bz{ tZy-tZy sohfenK Bkb doµkT[D bJh eJh seBheK

dk gq:'r ehsk iKdk j?. T[dkjoD tZi' Am[woh ftZu *ghnk, w?_ s[w ;zr Bk

p'b{zrh* µpdK d/ Gkt Bz{ gqdofµs eoB bJh ;EkJh d/ fJjBK w[Zy p'bK Bz{ pj[s

tkoh tZy-tZy ;[oK, ;[oK d/ T[&ZukoD d/ tZy sohfenK iK eke{ G/dK nkfd Bkb

fJ; soK p'fbnk iKdk j? fe pzfdµ ftZu fgqnswk d[nkok nkgD/ ghnk Bkb e[M

Bkokiarh eoe/ o[Zm ikD ns/ Bk p'bD dk Gkt g{oh soK ;gZµN j' iKdk j? fJ;

221

soK Xo[gd, fynkb ns/ m[woh ftZu gd, ;[o, skb, b?n nkfd w"i{d jB gozs[

jo/e rkfJB Å?bh ftZu fJjBk gd, ;[o nkfd sZsK dh ;zfynk ns/ gq:'r ftXh

ftZu coe iK nzso jh T[jBK Bz{ fJZe-d{i/ s'I AftbZyD pDkT[dAk j? ns/ Gkosh

;zrhs ftZu w"i{d tZy-tZy rkfJB Å?bhnK fJ;/ ftbZyDsk dk doµB eotkT[AdAhnK

jB.

(T) gd F?bh dhnK ftF/FsktK ns/ Xo[gd rkfJB F?bh

Xo[gd rkfJB Å?bh dh T[sZgsh ;kbr;{v gqpzX d/ T[gG/d *Xo[t* s'I Aj'Jh,

nfijk wzfBnk iKdk j?.

1

gqkuhB gqpzX rkfJB ftZu th gd dk w[Zy ;EkB j[zdk

;h.

2

gd d/ wjZst d/ Bkb-Bkb gqpzXK ftZu T[drqkj nkfd ftZu yzvK, T[gyzvK

dh frDsh, yzvK ftZu ;[oK dh fJZe' fijh iK tZy-tZy ;[o-ftT[s,A fe; Xks{ s'IAI

pknd fe; Xks{ dk gq:'r ehsk ikJ/, fe; Xks{ T[&Zs/ ;wkgsh ehsh ikJ/, ftZu

;[oK dh T[ukJh-fBukJh dk fynkb oZyDk, rkfJe iK fi; dk toBD ehsk ik

fojk j?, T[;dk BK fe; Xks{ ftZu j'Dk ukjhdk j?, nkbkg dh tZX-xN ;zfynk,

fBµus skb, o;, ohfs, fposh (ftqsh) d/tsk, Gkt tZy-tZy b?nK, gqpzXK dh

bzpkJh nkfd fB:wK dh th g{oh gkbDk ehsh iKdh ;h.

3

1 ;qah okw BkokfJD nrotkb, Xo[gd ;wokN uzdB ih us[ot/dh ;fwqsh rzqE, gzBk 90-91

2 vkH ;[GZdok u'Xoh, Gkoshn ;zrhs w/_ skb n"o o{g ftXkB, gzBk 219

3 Ujh, gzBk 219-220

Xo[gd µpd ftZu Xo[t

Xks{ dh j'_Ad fJ; rZb tZb ;ze/s eodh j? fe fJ; Å?bh ftZu fB:wK dh

nNbsk ns/ eoVkJh j?. gqkuhB ;kbr;{v gqpzX d/ T[gG/dK ftZu'II Xo[t BK d/

T[gG/d dk gqpzXK ftZu pVk wjZst j[zdk ;h. nZr/ uZb e/ Xo[gd Å?bh dh ouBk

bJh gqpzX Å?bh d/ em'o fB:wK Bz{ jh nXko pDkfJnk frnk. fJ; soK Xo[gd

F?bh gqkuhB gqpzX rkfJB F?bh T[Zs/ nXkos j'D eoe/ efmB fB:wK dh XkoBh

j?. nZi eb Gkosh µk;soh ;zrhs d/ y/so ftZu Xo[gd Å?bh Bz{ nfsnzs efmB

Å?bh tZi_'A ikfDnk iKdk j?. Xo[gd Bz{ fJZe ftµ/µ gqeko dh gd ouBk iK rkfJB

µ?bh tZi' A;Ekgs eoB tkb/ rtkfbnko Bo/µ wkBf;zx s'Iwo (1486-1586 JhH)

;B, fJjBK B/ wZXekb dh gd µ?bh dk gquko ehsk. gd µ?bh dk n;b o{g

p[ZX Xow ftZu gqubs uZfonk gdK ftZu t/yD bJh fwbdk j?. uZfonk gd dh

fJe T[dkjoB-

222

ibdh nZSw skj/o T{jD fd;.. Xo[t..

okr gN-wzioh

Gkt B j'Jh nGkt B ikJh.

nkfJ; ;w'j/ e' gfs nkJh.. Xo[t..

b{Jh GDJh pN d[bZy fpDkDk.

fsn XkJ/ ftb;Jh T{j bkr/Dk.. Xo[t..

ikj/o pkDfuzBQ o{p B ikDh.

;' eJh;/ nkrw p/J/ potkDh..Xo[t..

ekj/ o/ fe; GDh wJh fdft fgfoZSk.

T{de uKd fiw ;ku B fwZSk.. Xo[t..

b[Jh GDdh wJh GkfJp fe;.

4

fJ; gd ouBk ftZu d'-d' gzeshnK dh s[e ftT_[As j? ns/ s[e d/ nzs

ftZu Xo[t dk gq:'r ehsk frnk j?. gzeshnK dh bzpkJh th pokpo j? ns/ fJ;

T[dkjoD Bz{ t/ye/ ;gZµN j[zdk j? fe gd µ?bh ftZu gd jh wjZstg{oB j[zdk

;h. gd µ?bh Bz{ i?d/t d[nkok rhs r'ftzd ftZu nµNgdh d/ o{g ftZu ngBkfJnk

frnk fJZe T[dkjoD

uzdqeukoPw:Pofµyzvewzvbtbf:se/µw

gqu{og[ozdoXB[oB[ozfisw/d[owf[do

.

;[t/µw.. ok;/..3..

5

rhs r'ftzd dh gdµ?bh nZr'A Xo[gd rhs ns/ T[&Zso-dZyD Gkos d/ Grs

ethnK d/ gdK d/ o{g ftZu fte;s j'Jh. go fJj Xo[gd SzdK ftZu pzBQ/ j'J/

Bjh A j[zd/ ;B. fJ; Bz{ g{ok eoB bJh skb d/ nB[;ko jh gd Bz{ fyZu fbnk

iKdk ;h.

fJ; nµNgdh d/ ;ko/ gdK d/ nzs ftZu *nw* µpd dk nBfsnkB[gqk; j?

fit/A fe e/µw, ;[t/µw nkfd nzsw µpdK d/ nzdo dh X[Bh iK nK; fJZe' j?.

6

4 vkH ;[GZdok u'Xoh, Gkoshn ;zrhs w/_ skb n"o o{g ftXkB, gzBk 272

5 vkH beµwh BkokfJD ror, (fjzdh nB[tkd) nfGB?n dogD n"o rhs r'ftzd, d{ik ;or, µb'e 3, gzBk 204

6 vkH ;[GZdok u"Xoh, Gkoshn ;zrhs w/ skb n"o o{g ftXkB, gzBk 274

;[nkwh johdk; ns/ whnK skB;/B dhnK y{p;[{os Xo[gd ouBktK d/

T[dkjoD t/y'L-

223

okr µzeok (ouBkeko-;tkwh johdk;)

joh-joh SKV e/ d{;oh B ehi/ pks,

J/e-J/e xoh s'Ij? eo'oB eh iks j?.

xoh-gb fdB ;'J/ fcoj{z B nkt/ s'IJ/,

fSB-Gzr d/j skeh woB i?;h xks j?.

gqG{ e' ;zGko fgnko pet' fp;ko vko,

si e/ nfwqs, ftµ ekj/ e'

J/e-J/e fvB w/ t' s'I fBe;-fBe;

yks j?.

ej/ johdk; wjK ;K; e' ftµtk; ejK,

iks j?.

7

okfrBh r[oioh, u"skb (ouBkeko-skB;/B)

ekBB w[dqk, w[zvwkbk ro? A, G;w ftoki? nzr.

eo fsq;{b, uzdqwk bbkN, gkotsh noXzr..

ftqµ tkjB, ;h; iNk, ;'js iNki{N rzr-sozr

fsqbu'B, fsqµ[b-yZgo vwo{ bhJ/A *skB;/B* rkts

.

ozr..

8

Xo[gd dhnK gozgokrs pzfd;aK eJh ftf;anK B{z gq;s[s eodhnK jB.

Xo[gd ftZu Grsh ns/ w[rb ekb d/ d"okB ouhnK rJhnK f;azrko o; gqXkB

pzfd;aK s'Ia_ nbktk, Bkd wfjwk, r[o{ wfjwk, oki/ wjkokfinK dh fto[dktbh,

T[go'es d't/I ouBktK gd ;a?bh dhnK ouBktK jB ns/ fJjBK ftZu gd

;a?bh dhnK ft;a/;asktK t/yhnk ik ;edhnk jB. nZieb gqubs Xo[gd ;?abh ns/

g[okDh Xo[gd ;?abh d/ F[ZX o{g ftZu ekch nzso j? gozs[ fJ;d/ pkti{d nZi eb

th Xo[gd rkfJB ftZu *gd* ~ wjZst fdZsk iKdk j? ns/ fJ; ;?abh B{z nZi eb

th ;G s'II efmB ns/ ;op'sw fejk iKdk j?.

6H3 Xo[gd rkfJB F?bh dk ;to{g ns/ ftF/

7 ;qh uzdoµ/yo gzs dk b/y-T[Zso Gkoshn ;zrhs e/ Xo[gd ouJhsk, ;zrhs (Xo[gd-Xwko nze 1964), gzBk 196

8 gqGfdnkb whsb, ;zrhs ;wokN skB;/B ihtBh n"o ouBkJ/, gzBk 62

224

gqfeosh toBD, BkfJek G/d nkfd ftf;anK T[Zs/ nkXkfos ouBktK fwbdhnK jB

fijBK dhnK eJh T[dkjoBK y'i ekoi d/ shi/ nfXnkJ/ *Xo[ge okjhA* f;azrko

o; dk gqrNktk* ftZu fdZshnK rJhnK jB.

Xo[gd ;a?bh s'IA o; dh nB[G{sh b?D bJh fJ; ;a?bh d/ em'o gZyK tZb

fXnkB d/D dh pikJ/ fJ;dh nzdo{Bh y{p;{osh tZb fXnkB d/Dk ukjhdk j?.

ftbzps s_'A wZX ns/ do[s tZy-tZy b?nK ftZu B'w s'Iw d/ nkbkg B{z ;[D e/ fJj

nfj;k; j[zdk j? fe fit/A sB-wB gqek;as j' frnk j't/. fJ; s'I_A pknd y{p;{os

gd ouBk dh ;apd-ftT[AsA B{z ;[D e/ sK wB j?okB j' iKdk j?. Xo[gd dhnK

tZy-tZy ouBktK, ebkeko d/ rkfJB dh rzGhosk, ftbzps b?n, gykti ;ki dh

;zrsh ftZu Xo[gd dk rkfJB nkgD/ fe;/ th fjZ;/ iK nzr ftZu fYZbk Bjh

Aj[zdk. fJjBK efmB ebkekohnK B[z{ ;[D e/ ;o'fsnK dk wB nBzdwJh iao{o j'

iKdk j? gozs{ pzXB w[es, ;fjisk, ;e{B nkfd dk Gkt wfj;{; BjhI eo

gkT[AAIdk. fJ; rZb B{z n;hI e[M fJ; soQK th efj ;ed/ jK fe wB nkBzds sK

iao{o j[zdk j? gozs{ skb, b?n, gd d/ uwsekoe ns/ d?th gqdo;aB eoe/ ;fEo

BjhI j' gkT[Idk. Xo[gd d/ rhs s'II pknd b?nekoh gqdo;aB dk Gkr nkT[Idk j?

fi; ftZu d'r[B, u'r[B, fsr[B, nkV ns/ j'o eJh efmB b?nekohnK dk gqdo;aB

j[zdk j?, fJ; Gkr B{z ;[D e/ wB ftZu uwseko iK j?okBh dh GktBk nk iKdh

j?. nzs ftZu GziBh o{ge nbkgsh, fi;B{z nZi eZb dh Gk;ak ftZu T[gi iK

p'btzv, p'bskB efj fdzd/ jB, dk gqdo;aB ehsk iKdk j?.

9

9 vkH ;[GZdok u"Xoh, Gkosh: ;zrhs w_/ skb n"o o{g ftXkB, gzBk 276

Xo[gd ;a?bh d/ ftZu

fJ;dh F[o{nks s'I_A b? e/ nzs sZe skb, b?n dh ftbZyDsk d/ do;aB j[zd/ jB

gozs{ rhs d/ ;apdK B{z fJZe' sohe/ Bkb pko-pko tZy-tZy b?nK ftZu tzv e/

d[jokfJnk iKdk j?. Xo[gd ftZu ;[o, skb ns/ gd fszBK dk y{p;{os o{g ;keko

j[zdk j? gozs{ nkw ;o'sK tor Xo[gd d/ fJ; d?th o{g B{z Bjh__ ;wM ;ed/

feT[Ife Xo[gd ;a?bh wB goukt/ dk ;kXB wkso BjhA j?. fJ;d/ d?th ns/

uwsekoe o{g B{z ;wMD bJh ;zrhse frnkB dk j'Dk io{oh j?. ;zg{oB Xo[gd

d/ gqdo;aB ftZu *gd* dh nDd/yh BjhI ehsh iKdh ns/ Bk jh *gd* ouBk Bkb

S/VSkV ehsh iKdh j? . ukj/ nZi eb Xo[gd rkfJB d/ o{g ftZu ekch pdbkn

225

nk u[Zek j? gozs{ Xo[gd d/ e[M fB:wK B{z nZi eZb th fBGkT[D dh e'f;a;a ehsh

iKdh j?.

6H4 Xo[gd rkfJB F?bh ftZu fFzrko d/ doFB ns/ T[dkjoBK

o; dh fdq;aNh d/ nXko s/ Xo[gd ;a?bh ftZu f;azrko o; d/ do;aB eJh

o{gK ftZu j[zd/ jB. Xo[gd dhnK Grsh o; Gog{o ouBktK ftZu gowkswk d/

o{g-toBD Bkb ;zpzXs f;azrko ns/ ;z;koe pzfd;aK ftZu BkfJek toBD, fos[

toBD, Bkb ;zpzXs f;azrko o; d/ do;aB j[zd/ jB. ft;a/ Gkt/A_ e'Jh th j't/ gozs{

Xo[gd dh brGr jo/e gd ouBk bJh T[sZw ;kfjs dk gq:'r ehsk frnk j?.

;[zdo gd ouBktK d/ e[ZM T[dkjoB L-

Xo[gd (okr-G?ot, u"skb)

ft;ak L- (rD/;a tzdBk)

10

s[w j' rDgsh d/t p[ZXhdksk, ;h; Xo?A ri-;[zv..

i/Jh-i/Jh fXnkt?, s/Jh-s/Jh cb gkt?A, udB b/g ehJ/ G[i dzv..

f;ZX/Fto Bkw fsjko' ejh:s i/ ftfXnkXo,

shBh b'e wjh_, ;gs dhg Bt yzv.

*skB;/B* s[we'A fBs ;[fwos, ;[o-Bo-w[Bh r[Bh-rzXot M[zv..

-ouBkeko skB;/B-

fJ; pzfd;a ftZu rDgsh ih dh wfjwk ns/ o{g toBD j?.

Xo[gd

(o{g toBD)

11

xNkN'g xz[xN, ro?A ;'j? w[es wkb, efN fezeBh,

-ouBkeko skB;/B-

XB-XB o{g s/o' ftozu r[o{ ou:'I, x/odko xz{xN w_/ uzdqpdB,

x[fw-x[fw gr Xo ubs oki-rsh XoB e'I.

10 gqG{fdnkb whsb, ;zrhs ;wokN skB;/B - ihtBh n"o ouBkJ/I, gzBk 54 11 UjhI, gzBk 102

226

;[zdo poBh, xkfJb j's bkrs e[u em'o ;aqhcb ;/,

izx edbh wB w'js ;zuoB e'I.

fxo nkJhI uj{zn'o ;Gh ;j/bh ozGk ;h,

bkrs G[i fwqBkb wqrB?Bh wkB"I fBf;eo-feoB e'I A.

*skB;/B* gqG{ wB jo bhB', xkfJb eos of;eB e',

okik-wjkokik p; eo bhB'I froXoB e'

f;zarko toBD

okfrBh N'Vh, fsskbk

12

12 gqG{fdnkb whsb, ;zrhs ;wokN skB;/B - ihtBh n"o ouBkJ, gzBk 107

- ouBkeko skB;/B-

J/e eo dogB, J/e eo eiok, nzuok rj?I ;[Xkos.

bbBk o/y ekio ;' d{fo eoB T[ms G'o,

w[Zy ewb gos ;h;c{b nfs fpokis

rrB Bys eh T[gwk fin GJh w/o/,

w/o/ ikB t/j{ d{fo oj/ ;e{uks bkis.

:/ efj:s j? wkB"I ;[osoP{ fte;s jh,

*skB;/B* d/ys d[y Gkis

227

T[go'es ouBktK y{p;{os gd :'iBk ~ do;kT[IdhnK jB. fJ; s'II Xo[gd

;a?bh ftZu rkJh ikD tkbh ekft ouBk ftZu gd iK T[Zsw s[e pzdh d/ wjZst

pko/ gsk uZbdk j?.

6H5 fyankb F?bh dhnK ftF/FsktK ns/ fFzrko o;

Xo[gd s'II pknd fynkb ;a?bh dk d"o ufbnk fi; ftZu Xo[gd d/ em'o

fB:wK dk gq:'r xZN frnk. fynkb ;a?bh ftZu pzfd;a d/ p'bK dk wjZst Xo[gd

s'IA_ xZN j[zdk j? feT[Ife fJ; ;a?bh dk ft;Eko *;[o* s/ nXkos j? ns/ fJ; F?bh

ftZu ebgBk dk tX/o/ wjZst j[zdk j?. Xo[gd ftZu toBK, skb dhnK wksoktK

nkfd dh frDsh fB;afus j'D eoe/ ;apdK dk c?bkn pj[s fiankdk Bjh_ j'

;edk. noEks Xo[gd ftZu skb, b?n, gd d/ wjZst tZb fiankdk fXnkB ofjzdk

j? gozs{ fynkb ;a?bh d/ fB:w Xo[gd dh soK em'o BjhI jB.fJ; ;a?bh ftZu

rkfJe fJZe wkBf;e ;fjisk wfj;{; eodk j?. ;fji ns/ ;aKs (ftrfbs) wB

Bkb T[j fynkb ;a?bh dh pzfd;a d/ fe;/ th Gkt, ukj/ T[j Grsh dk j't/ iK

f;azrko dk, B{z py{ph gq;s[s eoB ftZu ;woZE j[zdk j?. ;akfJd fJ;/ ekoB

fynkb ;a?bh ftZu f;azrko d/ ;zi'r-fti'r o{gK ns/ eJh j'o ftf;anK dhnK nB/eK

pzfd;aK fwbdhnK jB. fynkb ;a?bh ftZu *;[o* dk wjZst j'D ekoB fti'r

f;zarko d/ nfsnzs e'wb ns/ eo[DkwJh GktK (fit_/A fe gqhsw d/ ftS'IV/ ftZu

sVg ojh BkfJek d/ wB dh d[yd ;fEsh, gq/w dh ghV nkfd Gkt) dh

nfGftnesh th pj[s jh GktwJh Yzr Bkb ehsh ik ;edh j?. fynkb ;a?bh

dhnK gozgokrs pzfd;aK xokD/dko T[;skdK e'b ;[oZfyns jB ns/ T[jBK dh

uzrh f;a;a-gozgok d[nkok g[okDh pzfd;aK ;[DhnK th ik ;edhnK jB gozs{ ;ZukJh

fJj j? fe pzfd;aK dh gd ouBk Bkb wBwkB/ Yzr Bkb ehsh rJh S/VSkV

fiankdkso fynkb ;a?bh dhnK pzfd;aK ftZu fwbdh j?. fJ;dk ekoB ;akfJd fJj

j? fe fynkb rkfJB ftZu gd dk wjZst Xo[gd ;?abh Bkb'I xZN jz[dk j?

fynkb µ?bh ftZu toD ;zfynK, wksok, rD, d/tsk, o; nkfd Xo[gd d/

fB:w sK BjhI j[zd/ gozs[ fJ;dh ouBktK ftZu Xo[gd µ?bh d/ rhsK dh soK

228

nBfsnkB[gqk; dk gkbB iao{o ehsk frnk j?.

13

fynkb µ?bh ftZu ftbzps fJeZskb, fsbtkVk, M{wok, nkVk ukoskb nkfd

dk gq:'r j[zdk j? idfe wZX-do[s b?n d/ fynkb ftZu fszBskb, fJZeskb,

Mgskb, o{[ge, do[s u"skb nkfd dk gq:'r j[zdk j?. fJjBK skbK dk tkdB

spb/ T[Zs/ j'D eoe/ fynkb µ?bh ftZu fJZe uzubsk, u[;sh pDh ofjzdh j?.

fynkb ftZu nbkg skb pZX j[zd/ jB fi; eoe/ T[jBK ftZu GktK dh ftbZyDsk

j[zdh j?. fynkb rkfJB d/ eqw ftZu ed/ whIv, yNe/-w[oeh, f;ZX/-nkV/ ;[oK d/

gq:'r, S'IN/-tZv/ ;{o ;w{j, rwe, nzd'bB, ekeP gq:'r, nbzeoDK nkfd dh

otkBrh pDh ofjzdh j?. fi; eoe/ GktK d/ gqrNkt/ dh pj[s r[zikfJµ j[zdh j?

ns/ ;[BD tkb/ dk wB th rkfJeh dhnK tZy-tZy feqnktK ftZu o[ZfMnk ofjzdk j?

ns/ EektN wfj;{; BjhI eodk. fJ; soK okr d/ ;[oK ns/ T[jBK ;[oK d/ tZy-

tZy gqrNkt/ bJh y{p;{os ebgBk µesh d/ Bkb fynkb µ?bh tZy-tZy o;K d/

gqrNkt/ ftZu ;woZE j[zdh j?. fynkb µ?bh ftZu fµzrko o; gqXkB j/mK fdZshnK

rJhnK pzfdµk d/ µpdK Bz{ t/y'. o;-Gkt gqrNkt/ ftZu fJ; soK d/ fJj µpd

pj[s ;jkJh j[zd/ jBL- e[M T[dkjoDK

pzfdµ ftZu nBfsnkB[gqk; d/ j'D

Bkb gd ouBk ftZu fJZe b?n pZXsk pDh ofjzdh j?.

fynkb dh ouBktK ftZu ;EkJh nzsok d' Gkr j[zd/ jB. nzsfonk dh

;zfynk fJZe s'I AtZX th j' ;edh j?. fynkb dhnK brGr pzfdµK dh ;EkJh

ftZu p'b e[M xZN j[zd/ jB. fJ;dk ekoB fJj j? fe pzfdµ dk w[Zy Gkt ;EkJh

Gkr ftZu j[zdk j? ns/ ;EkJh Gkr Bz{ pj[s pko d[jokfJnk iKdk j?. fiankdk

p'bK d/ j'D Bkb ;EkJh Bz{ pko-pko d[jokT[D ftZu ns/ Gkt d/ gqdoµB ftZu

e[M o[ektN dk nfj;k; j[zdk j? gozs[ ;EkJh d/ S'IN/ j'D Bkb fJ; soK dh

go/µkBh BjhI nkT_[dh. fynkb µ?bh ftZu fe;/ fµzrkoe pzfdµ Bz{ gqrNkT[D bJh

;[oK dk tZy-tZy soK Bkb gq:'r, yNe/, w[oeh, skB, p'bskB, p'b nbkg, ;orw

nkfd eJh feqnktK j[zdhnK jB. fJjBK feqnktK d/ ;jh frnkB ns/ ;jh ;EkB,

wksok ftZu gq:'r eoB Bkb rkfJe fµzrko d/ tZy-tZy gfjb{nK dk gqrNktk

eoB ftZu ;woE j[zdk j?.

13 gqG{fdnkb whsb, ;zrhs ;wokN skB;/B - ihtBh n"o ouBkJ/I, gzBk 280

229

okr e/dko (tk;e;Zik BkfJek)

14

(nfG;kfoek BkfJek) okr i'Bg[oh (fsqskbk)

- ;dkozr d[nkok ofus

;EkJh - ;/i fB; BhId Bk B?BB Gkt/,

w?ek ghnk fpB B/e Bk ;[jkt/,

nzsok - i?;h c?b ojh uKdBh, s?;' jh nkG{µD pBs,

pBk nk;k w/oh wj[wdµk,

;dkozrhb/ e' d/t G/t ;/i fB;.

15

(nkokwgfsek BkfJek) okr wkbe"I; (fsqskb)

-;dkozr-

;EkJh - gkfJb eh MBeko p?oBhnk,

MB MB pki/ e?;/ w'o/,

ghnk ;/ fwbB e' ikT{I np w?I.

nzsok - ftojk ;/ sB skg sgs j?

nzr nzr ;p nkr ojhbk

;dkozr T[ms ihnk jPe.

16

T[go'es pzfdµk d/ ftZu fynkb µ?bh d/ ;[Gkt w[skpe µpdK dh u'D

ehsh rJh j?. fit/I fe fynkb dh gfjbh pzfdµ ftZu *BhId Bk B?BB Gkt/* ns/

d{ih pzfdµ ftZu ™gkfJb eh MBeko´ ns/ ™p?oBhnK´ ns/ shih pzfdµ ftZu ™w/o/

xo nkfJbk´ nkfd µpdK ftZu nkbkgukoh ns/ tZy-tZy feqnktK dh ;jkfJsk

;EkJh - nki w'o/ xo nkfJbk ;[ws fgnko eo'rh,

ndkozr ;/ ozrobhnK.

nzsok - nso norik ;[rzX p;B gfjo c[btB ;/i.

fpSkTI{ u[B u[B ebhnK.

14 gzH Gksyzv/, eqfwe g[;se wkfbek, Gkr 3, gzBk 156

15 Ujh, gzBk 663

16 ;qah feq;aBk Bzd ftnk;, ;zrhs okr ebgdq[w, gzBk 305

230

Bkb fFzrko o; dk gqrNktk j' ;edk j?. ed/-ed/ fynkb rhs d/ ;EkJh Gkr

ftZu xZN µpd j[zd/ jB ns/ nzso/ ftZu nzBfsnkBgqk; ofjzdk j?, fi; eoe/ rhs

ouBk dk skbw/b ;jh bZrdk j?. T[dkjoD-

;EkJh - p[bk bk nkbh fµnkw;[zdo pBwkbh

17

nzsok - d/yjz{ B?B-Goh o;hnk eh ;'jBh ;Pos fBokbh wstkbh

fyankb Fpd dk tZy-tZy e'FK ftZu fJZe noE @fXnkB# th j?.

..

fynkb ftZu fJ; soK dhnK eJh pzfdµK jB. fynkb ftZu fµzrkoe

ouBktK dh frDsh fiankdk j?. fµzrko d/ ;zi'r-fti'r s'II nbktk fJ; µ?bh d/

;kfjs ftZu eJh j'o ftµ/ th jB fit/I- o[Zs toBD, fJµto dk r[DrkB,

okfinK-wjkokfinK dk r[DrkB, Bto;, Bhsh ;zpzXs, feqµB bhbk, ftnkj ;zpzXs,

;zrhse f;XKs, µqh feqµB gq/w, r'ghnK Bkb µh feqµB ih dh S/VSkV, pz;oh

tkdB nkfd ftfµnK Bkb ;zpzXs pzfdµK, ;z;koe BkfJe BkfJek T[&Zs/ nkXkos

pzfdFK nkfd. fynkb µ?bh fJe nfijh y[{p;{os rkfJeh j?, fi; ftZu ;[oK dk

ft;Eko fiankdk ehsk iKdk j?. fJ; rkfJB µ?bh dk fJZe-fJZe sZs fe;/ th o;-

Gkt Bz{ ;kfynks eoB ftZu g{oh soK ;fj:'r fdzdk j?. g{oh gd ouBk dk ;ko

iK fBu'V dZ;D tkb/ iK w[Zy µpdK Bz{ tZy-tZy ;[oK nbkg-skB nkfd feqnktK dh

;jkfJsk Bkb nbr-nbr YzrK ftZu gq;s[s ehsk iKdk j?, fi; s'II pzfdµ dk

fFzrkoe Gkt ;gZI;aN j' iKdk j?.

18

17 vkH ;[GdZok u"Xoh dk b/y fynkb e/ fBpZX n'o nfBpZX ek ft;ab/;aD, ;zrhs (fynkb nze 1976),gzBk 9 18 d/y', fJ; y'i ekoi dk nfXnkfJ u"Ek, gzBk 133

fynkb

dhnK pj[s ;kohnK pzfdµK Grsh o; dhnK jB. Grsh o; dhnK pzfdµK ftZu

fjzd{ d/th d/tsk ns/ w[;bw gho, nZbkj, o;{b, y[dk, ftfµnK T[Zs/ nXkos

pzfdµK th fwbdhnK jB. Grsh o; dhnK pzfdµK ftZu th Grsh fµzrko dk o{g

t/fynk ik ;edk j?. fJjBK pzfdµK ftZu gqG{ dh T[;ss d/ Bkb-Bkb T[jBK d/

o{g ;z[dosk dk toBD ehsk iKdk j?. efjD dk Gkt j? fe fynkb µ?bh ftZu

;z;koe ns/ Grsh fµzrko dhnK gd ouBktK fwbdhnK jB. fµzrko s'IA nbktk

231

fJ; µ?bh ftZu µKs, eo[D, o; dhnK ouBKtK th fwbdhnK jB. fynkb ftZu

fti'r fµzrko dhnK eJh pzfdµk jB. n;b ftZu wZXekb d/ d"okB fynkb µ?bh

dk gquko pj[s tZX ikD eoe/ fJ;d/ ;kfjs ftzu brGr jo gqeko d/ o; ns/

ftµ/ Bz{ gqrNkfJnk frnk.

6H6 fynkb µ?bh dhnK fµzrko o; goe ouBktK d/ T[dkjoD L-

(Fqh feqFB bhbk T[&Zs/ nXkos fyankb ouBktK)

okr bfbs (wZX fsqskb)

19

okr s'IVh (tZvk fynkb)

;EkJh - eKeohnK Bk wko' wjkB/, Yhm bzrotk w'o/ nzrtk, ;Gh

d/ys j? b[rtk.

nzsok - s[we' eBjkJh bki Bk nkts, jwe' ™;zdkozr´ :{ jh

;skt' w'j/..

20

okr ;kozr (fsqskb)

;EkJh - d?nk pN d{Go GJh,

w?ek bzrotk GoB B d/s rrohnk J/ d?nk.

nzsok - fpjkB s'Io/ ;zr e?;/ ikT[_ ;iBh phu wKM

mkv', ™;dkozr´ T[ue?nk d?nk..

21

gqDt ozr ;[y gkt/.

;EkJh - w[obh pikJ/ ekB,

fwqd{ w[;ekt/ B?B Bukt/,

g[fB g[fB rkt/ wBjh_ foMkt/L-

nzsok - gBxN nkt/ xNjh d[okt/,

o;eh pshnK fBr{V ;[Bkt/,

19 gzH Gksyzv/, eqfwe g[;se wkfbek, Gkr 4, gzBk 497 20 Ujh, Gkr 2, gzBk 454 21 gzH Ueko BkE mke[o, ;zrhsKibh, Gkr 1, gzBk 42-43

232

µqh feqµB ih d/ o{g, ;z[do Sp T[&Zs/ nXkos fyankb ouBktK L-

okr fµzqr/oh (gzH gKv{ozr nKp/oeo)

22

w[;bwkBK ftZu_'A e[M ;{chnK dhnK Grsh Gog{o ouBktK fijBK ftZu ™gq/w

dh ghV´ dk toBD ;h, Bz{ th ™fynkb´ BK jh fdZsk frnk.

;EkJh - wX[o w[;ekB

J/ ;Kto/ ;b'B/ do; fdykt/.

nzsoK - us[o s'Ioh n?;h Biao pKtoh

™nwo´ w[Me' foMkt/..

23

fynkb

µkj p[ojkB[dhB

ikBw dk fbfynk fyankb rhsL-

24

™

ikBw´ dh fJ; ouBk ftZu iht nkswk, gowkswk Bkb fwbB bJh

sVgdh j? ns/ p?okrD j' rJh j?. fµzrko o; dh fdqµNh s'II T[go'es fynkb

™np ;zd/;k w[M;/ j? µj ek ip ep Gkr'I nzso fwb/!

gho gq/w e/ j/V/ w/o/ B?B'I wKM i'A ezeo fwb/!

fB; fdB ikr/ fpoj wkoh B BhIdk d/y/ B?b gV/!

gbe/I w/oh nkr pb/ feT[I ;gB/ d/y{z ;' yV/.

e"b ghnk s[M nk; brh wB nk; brh s[M gk; ojB!

ip ek MK;k j? w[M bkfJnk fJe fsb w[M/ ;k; oj?I!

Bk ek gBhnk w[Me' bkrk, b'r fdtkBh d/y jz;?I!

ir eh jK;h fenk w[M j'J/, ej' f;ohiB ejK p;?I!´´

22 beFwh BkokfJD ror, ;zrhs (iBtoh 2006) - fGzvhpkiko xokDk nze, gzBk 121-122

23 nukfonk pqj;gsh, w[;bwkB n'o Gkosh: ;zrhs, gzBk 112-113

24 T[jh, gzBk 112-113

233

ouBk fti'r fµzrko iK ftgqbzG fµzrko Bz{ doµkT[Idh j?. fynkb ;a?bh dhnK

pzfd;aK Gkt/A T[j Grsh o; dhnK j'D iK ;z;koe ns/ nfXnkse f;zrko Bkb

i[VhnK j'JhnK, T[jBK ftZu iht nkswk iK BkfJek B{z nkgD/ BkfJe iK fJ;aN d/

do;aB, gq/w ns/ gkqgsh dh nfGbk;ah fdykfJnk iKdk j?.

fyankb pko/ ehs/ T[go'es toBD s'I gsk ubdk j? fe fynkb ;a?bh ftZu

;apdK iK gd ouBk dk wjZst sK j[zdk j? gozs{ fJj wjZst Xo[gd ;a?bh Bkb'I

xZN j[zdk j?. fynkb dh pzfd;a d/ ;EkJh-nzso/ d/ ;apdK ftZu e[M ;apd nfij/

ou/ iKd/ jB fijBK okjhI pzfd;a dk Gkt ;kjwD/ fbnkfJnk iKdk j?. fJ; soK

d/ w[Zy ;apdK dk ft;Eko ;[oK d/ tZy-tZy gq:'r ns/ ebgBk okjh_ ehsk iKdk j?

i' fe pj[s nkeo;ae j[zdk j?. fJ;/ eoe/ fynkb ftZu ;zg{oB gd ouBk dk

wjZst xZN j[zdk j? ns/ ;[oK dh y{p;{os ft;Eko ftXhnK T[&Zs/ fiankdk fXnkB

fdZsk iKdk j?. fJZe f;ZX fynkb ebkeko d/ fynkbK dh T[vkoh sK ;o'fsnK d/

wB B{z fJzBh ;aKsh gqdkB eodh j? fe ;ao's/ th nkgD/ nkg B{z *fXnkB dh

nt;Ek ftZu wfj;{; eod/ jB ns/ fJ; ;wkXh dh nt;Ek ftZu_'A T[j T[; ;w_/A

pkjo fBebd/ gqshs j[zd/ jB, id'I_A e'Jh e[;ab fynkb rkfJe nkgD/ rkfJB dh

y{p;{os Yzr Bkb ;wkgsh eodk j?.

6H7 m[woh F?bh dhnK ftF/FsktK ns/ fFzrko o;

fynkb ;a?bh dhnK ft;a/;asktK d/ w/b Bkb fJZe Bt/A gqeko dh rkfJB

;a?bh dk gquko j'fJnk, fi;B[z{ *m[woh ;a?bh* fejk iKdk j?. T[&Zso Gkosh ;zrhs

dhnK wjZstg{oB ;a?bhnK ftZu_'A *m[woh ;a?bh* ftZu ;ak;soh ns/ b'e ;zrhs d'jK

dh Mbe fdykJh fdzdh j?. t/yD ftZu Gkt_/A fJ; ;a?bh d/ rhs ;XkoD bZrd/ j'D

gozs{ fJjBK rhsK d/ GktK dk gqrNktk eoB bJh pj[s nfGnk; dh iao{os

j[zdh j?. Gkt/I fJj ;a?bh b'e ;zrhs d/ B/V/ fiankdk j? gozs{ fJ; dh gqGkt;akbh

gq;s[sh bJh ;ak;soh ;zrhs d/ fB:wK dk frnkB j'Dk ns/ e[M jZd sZe T[jBK

dk gkbD eoBk th iao{oh j[zdk j?. m[woh ;a?bh d/ gquko-gq;ko dk ;zpzX ntX d/

Btkp tkfiad nbh ;akj (1840-1870) Bkb i'fVnk iKdk j?. T[jBK d[nkok m[woh

;a?bh B[{z fJZe ftbZyD ;a?bh tZi'AI gq;s[s ehsk frnk ns/ ;wki ftZu fJ;dh

234

b'efgqnsk tXh. m[woh dhnK ft;/a;asktK ftZu'IA ;G s'IA_ gqw[Zy ft;/a;ask j?-*Gkt

gqdo;aB*. m[woh, Gkt gqXkB rkfJB ftXk j?. Gkt B{z ;gZ;aN eoB bJh m[woh

ftZu fJZe s'IA tZX okrK ns/ brGZr ;ko/ ;[oK d/ gq:'r eoB dh S[ZN j? feT[Ife

fJ; ;a?bh dk w[Zy be;a? jh GktK dk gqdoFB eoBk j?. m[woh ftZu GktK dk

fJzBk ;iht gqrNktk ehsk iKdk j? fe ;o'fsnK dhnK nZyK Bw j' iKdhnK jB.

m[woh ftZu fiankdkso f;azrko ns/ gq/w-fwbB nkfd ftf;anK Bkb ;zpzXs ;kfjs

fwbdk j?. fJ; ftZu okXk-feq;aB dh gq/w bhbktK dk GktwJh gqrNktk th ehsk

iKdk j? fijVk fe Grsh Gog{o j[zdk j?.fJjBK ftf;anK s'IA fJbktk m[woh ftZu

BkfJe-BkfJek f;azrko i' fe ftbk; Gog{o j?, nkfd ftfFnK T[Zs/ nXkos pzfd;aK

th jB. m[woh ;a?bh dhnK pzfd;aK bJh o;wJh ;apdK iK nfij/ ;apd fijBK

okjhA pzfd;a dk Gkt gqrNkfJnk ik ;e/ ns/ i' m[woh d/ ;[Gkn d/ w[skpe j'D,

dh jh tos'IA ehsh iKdh j?. e[M T[dkjoBK t/y' L-

(feq;aB bhbk Bkb ;zpzfXs ouBk)

okr G?oth F fszBskb

25

fJ; gd ouBk dh yk;hns fJj j? fe fJ; dh ouBk okr G?oth ns/

fszBskb ftZu pZX eoe/ ehsh rJh j?. okr G?oth fw;aos iK ;zehoB gqfeosh

dk okr j?, fi; ftZu eJh okrK dk fw;aoD ehsk ik ;edk j?. okr G?oth d/

ft;Eko dk y/so pj[s tZvk j? ns/ m[woh ;a?bh ftZu sK fJZe s'IA tZX okrK d/

gq:'r ehs/ ik ;ZeD dk fB:w j'D eoe/, fJ; ;a?bh bJh *okr G?oth* fpbe[b

;EkJh - vro w'oh SKV' SKV' S?btk

w'oh wkB' ih wkB' ih wkB' ih BNtko/.

nzsok - rfbB rfbB e' iKus v'bs

pkBh ejs jkoh bbB ghnk

BNyNDk pJhnK B rj' B rj'

w'oh B rj' n?;/ S?btk.

25 ;aqhwsh bhbk ekotkb, m[woh gohu?n, gzBk 60-61

235

Y[ZetK okr j?. fJ; pzfd;a bJh fszB skb B{z u[fDnk frnk j?, i' fe fJZe

b'efgqn skb j?. fJ; skb dh y{p;{osh fJj j? fe fJ;dh gfjbh wksok s'IA b?

e/ ;'bthI wksok sZe jo/e wksok B{z rkfJB ftZu ftZfusosk g?dk eoB bJh,

fsjkJhnK bJh, pzfd;a d/ w[yV/ B{z tZy-tZy Yzr Bkb geV e/ ;w T[&Zs/ nkD

bJh, S'INh-S'INh skBK, w[oehnK b? e/ rb/ dh ebkekoh fdykD bJh gq:'r ehsk

ik ;edk j?. fszB skb ftZu rkfJB-tkdB eod/ j'J/ ebkeko ;fji wfj;{;

eodk j? ns/ fJ; skb ftZu ebkeko nkgDh skb dh fsnkoh B{z py{ph fdyk

;edk j?. T[go'es m[woh dh pzfd;a ftZu Gkt gqdo;aB bJh eJh ;apd wjZst

g{oB jB fit/A_ fe ;EkJh ftZu vro w'oh SKV' iK vro w'oh, SKV' iK SKV'

S?btk, wkB' ih wkB' ih iK wkB' ih fJ; soK ;apdK B{z tZy-tZy, fJeZm/ o{g ftZu

iK ebkeko dh p[ZXh d/ nB[;ko tZy-tZy YzrK Bkb p'b e/ pzfd;a dk Gkt

gqrNkfJnk ik ;edk j?. fJ; pzfd;a d/ nzso/ ftZu_'A e[M ;apd-v'bs iK iKus

v'bs, jkoh, BNyNtk, pJhnK B rj', w'oh B rj', n?;/ S?btk nkfd B{[z tZy-tZy

nzdkia ftZu p'b e/ Gkt gqdo;aB ehsk ik ;edk j?. fJj gd ouBk m[woh

;a?bh dhnK ft;a/;asktK ns/ ;[Gkn w[skpe j?. T[dkjoD L-

(;z;koe f;azrko dhnK pzfd;aK)

okr G?oth - is skb (ftbzps)

26

m[woh F?bh dhnK pzfdFK dh wBw'je Fpdktbh, Gkt gqdoFB ftZu

;jkfJe pDdh j?.fJ; soK m[woh ;a?bh ftZu g{oh eftsk jh gqXkB j[zdh j? ns/

;EkJh - pki{pzd y[b y[b ikJ/

ikJ/ o/

;Ktohnk B/ ikd{ wkok.

nzsok - ikd{ eh g[Vhnk Go-Go wko/,

nzuok T[Vh-T[Vh ikJ/ o/..

26 ;aqhwsh bhbk ekotkb, m[woh gohu?n, gzBk 57

236

Gkt-gqrNktk eodh j?.

27

fJ; soK Gkosh ;zrhs ftZu *m[woh* B{z f;zarko o; B{z ;G s'I tZX

gqrNkT[D tkbh ;?abh fejk ik ;edk j?. m[woh dh T[sgZsh d/ tZy-2 sZsK s'II th

gsk ubdk j? fe fJj ;a?bh ;zg{oB s"o s/ f;zarkoe fposh dh j?. m[woh dk

;zpzX gqk;kfdeh Xo[tk-fi;B{z *ozrokrgq;kdiBBh* fejk iKdk j?, e?f;aeh ftqsh i'

fe f;azrkoo; gqXkB j[zdh j?, Bkdtsh rD?bk- i' fe f;zarko o;, e?f;aeh ftqsh,

ftZfuso XtBh tkbh, toDK ns/ nbzekok Bkb ;ih, ;G dk oziB eoB tkbh

j[zdh j?, Gk;ak okr-fi; ftZu eJh okrK dh T[sgZsh ns/ nbkg dh ;aesh j[zdh

j?, ftGk;ak - fi; ftZu nkgDh fJZSk d/ nB[;ko gq:'r ns/ oziesk j[zdh j?,

o[ge, okr nbkgsh-fi; ftZu okr, ;EkJh, Xks{, okr nz;a, wks{ d/ tZy-2 Bt/I

gqeko pDd/ jB ns/ okr dk gqrNktk, rhs d/ ;apdK B{z tZy-2 Yzr Bkb ;ik

e/ T[jBK ;apdK ftZu jh ;wkJ/ j'J/ eJh ;{yw GktK dk gqrNktk ehsk iKdk j?,

m[woh ftZu eftsk d/ p'b gqXkB j[zd/ jB ns/ id'II ;[oK

Bkb ;ih j'Jh m[woh dh ouBk B{z m[woh d/ y{p;{os ns/ f;azrkoe ;apdK dk

;jkok fwb iKdk j? sK pzfd;a d/ nzdo dk Gkt fJZe ;[zdo o{g Xko b?Idk j?.

m[woh ftZu fJZe ebkeko d/ e'b fJ; rZb dh S[ZN j[zdh j? fe T[j pzfd;a dk

f;zarkoe iK eo[D o;-Gkt nkfd B{z ;[szsok Bkb gqrNk ;e/. pzfd;a d/ Gkt d/

gqdo;aB bJh ebkeko d/ e'b whIv, rwe, yNek, w[oeh, rb/ dh eJh joesK,

jbe/-c[be/ Gkt Gog{o nkbkg, S'INh-S'INh skBK, tZy-2 okrK dk fw;aoB, nkfd

;jkfJe sZsK tZi_' w"i{d j[zd/ jB. m[woh ftZu T[go'es eJh ;zrhse sZsK dh

w"i{drh d/ pkti{d th m[woh d/ p'b jh gqXkB ofjzd/ jB. fe;/ fpojBh BkfJek

dh ;aohoe e'wbsk iK fjod? dh ghV dk fizBk ;{yw toBD m[woh ;a?bh ftZu

;zGt j' ;edk j?, UBK ;akfJd fynkb ;a?bh ftZu Bjh_ j' ;edk feT[_fe nfijk

eoBk fynkb ;a?bh d/ ;[Gkn w[skpe Bjh_ j?. m[woh ftZu ;apdK d/ noE ns/

Gkt w[skpe jh ft;Eko ehsk iKdk j?. fJ; dk gquko g/F/to BosehnK ftZu

fojk fi; eoe/ fJ;dhnK gd ouBktK ftZu f;azrkoe ;apdk dk w/b j'Dk ;[Gkte

j?.

27 vkH wX{pkbk ;e;?Bk, fynkb ;a?bh dk ftek;, gzBk 140

237

u?sh-fpojk- fij/ f;zarko gqXkB b'e rhsK ns/ epho-d[nkok gqrNkJ/ gqG{ gq/w d/

gdK Bkb i'fVnk iKdk j?. fJjBK ;G sZsK s_'A jh m[woh dk ftek; j'fJnk.

28

m[woh ;?abh ftZu T[go'es ft;a/;asktK dk fwbtK o{g fwbdk j?. m[woh rkD d/

fszB gqeko iK ;?abhnK jB fijBK B{z g{oth, gSKjh ns/ gzikph nzr dh m[woh

fejk iKdk j?. m[woh d/ d' gqeko jB pzfd;a iK p'btzv m[woh ns/ p'b

pBkt.

29

pzfd;ah m[woh d/ BK s'II jh ;gZ;aN j' fojk j? fe fJ; ftZu pzfd;a :kBh

fe gd ouBk dk fiankdk wjZst j?. fJ;dh pzfd;a ftZu ;apdK dh ;zfynk

fiankdk j[zdh j? ns/ fJ; ftZu pzfd;a rkT[D s'II pknd E'Vk nkbkg-skB ehsk

iKdk j?.

m[woh ;a?bh bJh uzub ns/ fw;aos gqfeosh d/ okr u[D/ iKd/ jB

fit_/A fe G?oth, ekch, wKv, ghb{ ns/ fJjBK dh gqfeosh Bkb fwbd/ i[bd/ e[M

j'o okr. m[woh ;a?bh dhnK pzfd;aK pqi Gk;ak, yVh p'bh, ntXh, T[od{ nkfd

Gk;aktK ftZu jB. m[woh ftZu jw/;ak s'IA jh b'e Gk;aktK dk gq:'r j[zdk fojk j?

gozs{ fJ;d/ rhsK dh w[Zy Gk;ak *pqiGk;ak* ojh j?.

30

28vkH ;[GZdok u"Xoh dh g[;se Gkoshn ;zrhs w/ skb n'o o{g ftXkB ftZu pBko; fjzd{ ft;atftfdnkb/ dh gZsfoek *gqZfrnk*

(vol viii(2) 1963)ftZu vkH gqwbsk ;aowk d/ b/y "History and origin of Thumri" d/ fJZe ftuko dh ftnkfynk, gzBk 284 29 T[jh, gzBk 285

30 ;aso[xB F[eb, m[woh eh T[sgZsh, ftek; n"o ;a?bhnK, gzBk 205

tZy-tZy b'e GkFktK d/

wX[o FpdK d/ w/b eoe/ m[woh s'I T[sgzB fFzrko o; dh fwnkd fiankdk j[zdh

j?.

238

6H8 m[woh dhnk fFrko o; Gog{o pzfdFK d/ T[dkjoB

(pzfd;a dh m[woh)

m[woh ywki (fsqskb-wZX b?n)

31

okr-jwho (skb-fsqskb)

;EkJh - np ep se so;kJ/ oyh:' ih.

w?A s'I B?B Go Sth d/yB eh j{z roiah..

nzsok - *edo ghnk* w?A s'Ig/ tkoh.

fpB dkw'A ;/ u/oh fsjkoh.

j{z okiah fi;w/I s/oh woiah..

32

okr ywki (skb fsqskb)

;EkJh - ubs ukb nbp/bh nbp/bh-

ej ej{z ;yh tkeh

i'pBtK eh Sth cp

Bt fBoy wB p; rJh

nzsok - uzdqw[yh nsh ;[yh Bkfo -

Btb rks w?B wd u[nks

do;as o;, po;s ozr ;op; Yzr

*bbB ghnk* fgnkoh ;a'Gk efj B iks

;ah;a ;koh ;[xo ;o dJh

33

31 gzH Gksyzv/, eqfwe g[;se wkfbek (d{;oh g[;se), gzBk 128

32 Gkos/Ad{z pkig/Jh, (;zebB eosk ns/ fbgheko) - bbB ghnk eh m[wohnK (Gkr-1), gzBk 6

33 T[jh, gzBk 64

;EkJh - B?B pkfB pKeh, B?BtK fBekJh,

pKeh ozrhbh, pKeh o;hbh,

pKeh Sphbh wkJh.

nzsok - nbh nfbB wkjh_ yVh ;[zdoh,

239

;[jkr Goh n?;h nbp/bh pkb,

*bbB ghnk* gow gqhfs pkYV,

byh tkeh ;[xoskJh..

(p'bpBkt dh m[woh)

m[woh G?oth

34

m[woh G?oth

;EkJh - Bkje bkJ/ rtBtK.. N/e..

no/, nkg s'I ikJ/ fpd/;tk w/ SkJ/..

nzsok - ip ;/ rJ/ w'oh ;[Xj{ B bhBh,

phs'I jh ikJ/ i'pBtK..

Bkje bkJ/ HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH

35

*pkp[b w'ok B?jo S[N'jh ikJ/* fJZe gqf;ZX m[woh ouBk j?, fi;dh ouBk

Btkp tkfiad nbh ;akj (1840-1870 JhH) d[nkok ehsh rJh ;h.

;EkJh - pkp[b w'ok B?jo S{N'jh ikJ/..

nzsok - uko ejko fwb v'bhnk wzrkt'.

ngBk p/rkBk S{N'jh ikJ/..

d'jk

nzrBk s'IA gops G:' d/joh GJh fpd/;

ik pkp[b xo nkgB/ w?_A ubh ghnk e/ d/;.

pkp[b w'ok B?jo S[N'jh ikJ/..

36

34 ;aso[xB ;a[eb, m[woh ;a?bh dh T[sgZsh, ftek; n"o ;a?bhnK ftZu *wBjo ;zrhsktbh* ftZu'IA bJh fJZe m[woh pzfd;a dk t/otk,

gzBk 207 35 gzH Gksyzv/ ,eqfwe g[;se wkfbek, Gkr-2, gzBk 397

36 n?;H pzd'gkfXnkJ/, fJzvhnB fwT{fiae Eo{ d J/fiia, gzBk 117

m[woh ;a?bh dh

ouBktK ftZu fJZe n"os tZb'_A gq/w fwbB iK fti'r dh ghVk dk gqrNktk ehsk

iKdk j?. fJ; d/ ;kfjs ftZu ;zi'r ns/ fti'r d'jK soK d/ f;azrko o{g B[z{

t/fynk ik ;edk j?. m[woh ns/ fynkb ftZu nzso fJj j? fe m[woh ftZu gq/w

240

Gkt dk y[Zbk toBD j? id fe fynkb ;a?bh ftZu g/qw nkfd ftf;anK dk toBD

;hwkpZX j[zdk j?. m[woh d/ ;kfjs ftZu fwbB, ;zi'r f;azrko nt;Ek, gqhsw dk

;zr ns/ gq/w Goh S/V-SkV, ghqsw Bkb o[ZmDk-wBkT[Dk, ftS[VDk, fti'r dh

nt;Ek ns/ fti'r s'IA T[gih ghV dk fuZsoB ehsk iKdk j?. d{i/ ;apdK ftZu

n;h_ efj ;ed/ jK fe m[woh ftZu gq/w, Grsh, gq/wnk;Zesh, y[;ah, rwh, o[ZmDk-

wBkT[Dk, nk;-fBok; nkfd eJh GktK dk gqrNktk fdykJh fdzdk j?. e[M

T[dkjoDK L-

(fti'r f;azrko)

37

fsbe ekw'd - fsqskb

m[woh i'rhnk uKuo (dhguzdh), ftbzps b?n

;EkJh - phs rJh ;koh o?B ;yh oh.

w'j/ ghnk fpB frBs sko/..

nzsok - nyhnK w'oh dtko/ brh j?I.

ep xo nkt'Ar/ ghnk fgnko/..

38

okr-ywki - gzikph skb

;EkJh - ekrk o/ ik o/ ik o/,

ghnk ;/ ;zd/;k w'ok ejh:' ik..

ekrk o/ ik o/ ik o/ HHHHHHHHH

nzsok - :kd nkts w'j/ T[B eh pshnK

ebBk gos ihnk ik o/ HHHHHHHHH

(gq/w Goh S/VSkV Bkb ;pzfXs m[woh ouBk)

39

37 ;aso[xB F[eb, dh g[;se m[woh dh T[sgZsh, ftek; n"o ;a?bhnK ftZu *wBjo ;zrhsktbh* ftZu'IA_ bJh rJh fJZe m[woh ouBk,

gzBk 211 38 okik G?nk g[zStkb/, m[woh sozfrBh, gzBk 13

39 T[jh, gzBk 3

;EkJh - J/ oh J/ w?A s'I;/ BkjhI p'b{z o/

pkbw S/V' ws ikt'.

241

nzsok - po i'oh eo w'oh pJhnK wo'oh

pkbw ihnk Bk ibkt'..

okr-ywki fsqskb (wZXb?n)

40

okr izrbk - gzikph skb

;EkJh - nki w'oh ebkJh w[oe rJh,

wkB' w'oh pks ekBjk,

w'oh bki bJh.

nzsok - *Bioghnk* s[w wkBs ekj/ BkjhA

vro ubs w';/ eos oko s[w

;[B/r/ b'r, ub' ikB/ d' GJh ;' GJh.

fJZe j'o m[woh dh gd ouBk t/y'. fJ; pzfd;a ftZu Grsh Gkt t/fynk

ik ;edk j?L-

41

m[woh fJZe fJ;soh gqXkB rkfJB ;a?bh j?, fi; ftZu gq/w Bkb ;zpzXs tZy-

tZy fuZsoK dk gqrNktk fJZe fJ;soh iK BkfJek gZy tZb'_A jh ehsk iKdk j?.

pzfd;aK ftZu BkfJe iK g[oF dh w'i{drh dk nfj;k; sK j[zdk j? gozs{ BkfJe

u[Zg (w{e) jh ofjzdk j? pbfe BkfJe d[nkok ehsh rJh rZb-pks, S/V-SkV,

o[Z;D-wBkT[D, ;"sB e'b iK ftd/;a ub/ ikD, osh t/b/ BkfJe tZb'A ehshnK

;EkJh - w[obh tkb/ f;ankw w'j/ wkor

B/e pskt' o/,

w[obh tkb/ HHHHHHHHHHHHH

nzsok - ;zr Bjh_ ;j/bh ofj ne/bh

fes Bjh_ ;{Ms rKt o/ HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH

w[obh tkb/ HHHHHHHHHHHHH

40 okik G?nk g[zStkb/, m[woh sozfrBh, gzBk 4-5

41 Ujh, m[woh sozfrBh, gzBk 27-28

242

rJhnK feqnktK dk fiaeo th BkfJek d[nkok jh ehsk iKdk j?. fJ;soh iK

BkfJek f;azrko o; dk w[Zy nzr j? ns/ m[woh ;a?bh fe;/ BkfJek d/ gq/w ;zpzXh

GktK B{[z gqrNkT[D bJh T[&Zsw wkfXnw j?. fJ; B[{z *GktK dk nkJhBk* fejk

frnk j?.

42

m[woh

w/o/ w[skfpe m[woh fJ;soh d/ wB dhnK e'wb ns/ ;{yw GktBktK

dk nkfJBk j?.

m[woh dhnK gd ouBktK eJh Gk;aktK ftZu fit/_A fe ntXh, yVh p'bh,

T[od{ nkfd Gk;aktK ftZu th jB. pqi Gk;ak ftZu ouh m[wohnK d/ e[M T[dkjoD

fgZS/ fdZs/ ik u[Ze/ jB. e[M j'o Gk;aktK ftZu m[woh dhnK pzfd;aK d/ T[dkjoD

fJ; soK jB L-

(yVh p'bh ftZu m[woh ouBk)

43

m[woh

;EkJh - J/oh r[JhnK, w?A e?;/ G/i{z gksh,..N/e..

edo ghnk e' e?;/ G/i{z gksh..

nzsok - J/e s'I gkfgB o?B nzX/oh, d{i/ ;{Bh ;/i BkfrB.

shi/ w/ok pkbk i'pB, jkJ/ ;iksh..

g{oph fjzdh Gk;ak ftZu m[woh ouBk, fi; ftZu ntXh d/ Bkb-Bkb G'ig[oh

dk ozr th t/fynk ik ;edk j?.

44

m[woh

;EkJh - J/ oh d?nk, w'oh M{bBh j/okBh.

nzsok - w{zd fetotk w?A i' ;'Jh,

Ghso ;'t? d/tok.

fGB;otk eh Bh_d, w'oh M{bBh j/okBh..

(T[od{ Gk;ak ftZu m[woh_)

45

42 ;[;ahbk fw;aok, byBT{ eh ;zrhs gozgok, gzBk 11

43 ;aso[xB ;a[eb,m[woh eh T[sgZsh, ftek; n"o ;a?bhnK, gzBk 206

44 T[jh, gzBk 207 45 ;aso[xB F[eb, m[woh dh T[sgZsh, ftek; n"o ;a?bhnK, - gzBk 208

243

;EkJh - ngB/ ;afjiakd/ nkbw e/ bhJ/,

izrb ;jok fpnkpkB fcoh.

nzsok - sB yke wbh, ecaBh gjBh,

eo i'pB ek ;kwkB ubh.. ngB/ HHHHHHHHH

nzsok 2- T[&Zso, dZfyB, g{op, gZfSw,

fdZbh ;afjo, w[bskB fcoh.. ngB/HHHHHHHHHHHHH

(gzikph Gk;ak ftZu m[woh)

m[woh (fsqskb-wZXb?n)

46

Xo[gd dh µ[o{nks ftZu ft;Ekog{ote B'ws'Iw dk nkbkg j[zdk j? fijVk

fe ftbzps b?n s'II do[Zs b?n tZb j'bh-j'bh rsh Bz{ tXk e/ ehsk iKdk j?.

nkbkg fiT[I-fiT[I ftbpzs b?n s'II do[Zs b?n tZb tZXdk j? T[;/ soQK Xo[gd d/

o{g fBowkD d/ nXko dh fsnkoh µ[o{ j' iKdh j? ns/ ;o'fsnK d/ wB ftZu e[M

;EkJh - d/y' ;'Dk w?B{z Sb pb ngBh fdyKdk..

nzsok - Bkia' ndk eo t/ uzub ekfwBh t/.

B?B'A dh ;?B ubKdk, tkoh t/ ubKdk..

nzsok 2- B?B brk bhB' t/ fJ;aedk sB wB t/.

fJ;ae dh nkr brKdk, tkoh t/ brKdk..

fJ; soK m[woh ;a?bh fi; y/so ftZu gquZfbs j'Jh T[; T[_&Zs/ T[&ZE_'A dh b'e

Gk;ak dk n;o j[zdk fojk ns/ T[; ftZu Bth_ Gk;aktK d/ ;apdK dk w/b j[zdk

fojk. f;ZN/ ti'A_ m[woh ftZu o; dh fwnkd tZXdh rJh feT[Ife tZy-tZy Gk;aktK d/

y{p;{os GktwJh p'bK, T[dkjoD tZi_'A T[go'es tZy-tZy Gk;aktK dh pzfd;aK ftZu'IA_

e[M y{p;{os ;apd fit_/A fe r[JhnK, gksh, gkfgB, pkbk i'pB, d/tok, M{bBh,

i'pB, ;'Dk, Bkia' ndk, ekfwBh, B?B'A eh ;?B, fJ;ae dh nkr nkfd ;apdK dk

w/b j'D Bkb m[woh dk o;-Gkt gZy gqpb j[zdk fojk.

6H9 rkB ftµ/µsktK ftub/ nzso

(T) nkozfGe nbkg ns/ T[;dk gqGkt

46 ;aso[xB F[eb, m[woh dh T[sgZsh, ftek; n"o ;a?bhnK, gzBk 209

244

p/u?Bh ysw j' iKdh j? ns/ wB ;[e{B dk nB[Gt eodk j?. do[s b?n ftZu iK

nkozGe nkbkg eoB s'II pknd id'II fJZedw pzfd;a dk rkfJB µ[o{ ehsk iKdk j?

sd T[j ;EkB Xo[gd iK fe;/ th rkfJB ;?abh dk w[Zy ;"IIdo: ;EkB j[zdk j?

feTI[fe nkbkg fJZe fBokeko ouBk j? fi; dh e'Jh Gk;ak BjhI j?, ;apd BjhI

j?. fBokeko j[zd/ j'J/ th nkbkg ftZu fJsBh ;aesh j? fe T[j fe;/ okr d/

;to{g B{z ;keko eo fdzdk j?. nkbkg dh feqnk ;o'fsnK d/ wB d/ ftekoK B{[z

d{o eodh j? ns/ fJzdohnK B[{z fJekrosk gqdkB eodh j?. fJ; soK B'ws'Iw iK

nkeko d[nkok ehs/ nozGe nbkg d[nkok Xo[gd, fynkb ns/ m[woh ;?abh ftZu

fJZe nfij/ nkXko dh BhIt oZyh iKdh j?, fi; T[&Zs/ fJjBK rkfJB ;?abhnK B{z

fJZe ;[zdo d/t w{osh dh soK ;Ekgs ehsk iKdk j?. nkozGe nkbkg d[nkok

fsnko ehs/ rJ/ nXko dk o{g Xo[gd, fynkb ns/ m[woh ftZu tZy-2 j[zdk j?.

nkozGe nkbkg B{z ;[D e/ ;o's/ d/ wB ftZu g?dk j'Jh fifrnk;k iK T[s;kj jh

T[;dh Xo[gd rkfJB ftZu o[uh B{z tXkT[Idk j?.

fynkb ;?abh d/ nozG ftZu ehs/ ikD tkbk nkeko dk nkbkg B'w-s'Iw d/

nkbkg fijk ft;Ekog{ote BjhI j[zdk feT[IIfe nkozGe kbkg s'II nbktk th fynkb

dk y/so pj[s tZvk j[zdk j? ns/ fynkb ;?abh dh y{p;{osh, fJ; ftZu ehs/ ikD

tkb/ skb pZX nkbkgK ftZu j?. fynkb ;?abh ftZu nkbkg dk wjZst j[zdk j? ns/

rkfJe fynkb dh pzfd;a d/ fe;/ w[Zy ;apd B{z b? e/ nkbkgukoh okjhI okr d/

nw{os o{g B{z w{os o{g d/D dh e'f;a;a eodk j?.T[dkjoB tZi'I L- okr e/dko

ftZu ouh fJ; fynkb dh pzfd;a

;EkJh L

dk w[Zy Gkt nkgD/ gqhsw d/ ftS'IV/ ftZu sVg ojh fJZe fpojBh BkfJek dh wB'

;fEsh dk toBD eoBK j?. fynkb ;?abh ftZu ehs/ ikD tkbk nkozGe nfBpZX

nkbkg f;oca okr d/ ;o{g B[{z ekfJw eodk j? idfe pzfd;a rkD s'II pknd ehs/

;/i fB; BhId Bk B?BB Gkt/,

w?Iek ghnk fpB B/e Bk ;[jkt/.

245

ikD tkb/ skb pZX nkbkg pzfd;a d/ o;-Gkt d/ nB[;ko jh ehs/ iKd/ jB.

T[go'es pzfd;a ftgqbzG f;zarko dh j? ns/ fJ; ftZu ftojk dk fJj Gkt ;gZ;aN

j? fe BkfJek B{[z nkgD/ gqhsw d/ nkgD/ e'b Bk j'D dh jkbs ftZu e[M th

uzrk BjhI bZrdk. uKdBh dk fybBk, nkG{;aDk (rfjD/) dk uzrk Bk bZrDk ns/

oks B[{z fJZeb/ BhId Bk nkT[D dk Gkt w[Zy j?. fJ; pzfd;a d/ ftgqbzG fFzrko iK

fti'r Gkt ns/ BkfJek dh wB dh ;fEsh B{z ;o'fsnK nZr/ ;gZ;aN eoB dk

ekoi fynkb rkfJe eodk j?. ;[oK d/ tZy-2 soK d/ gq:'r fijBK B{z ;zrhse

Gk;ak ftZu toD feqnk fejk iKdk j?, nbzeoD-fit/I fe whIv, w[oeh, eD nkfd,

eke{ G/d (nktkia B{z tZy-2 YzrK Bkb brkT[Dk) ns/ ebgBk ;aesh d/ nXko s/

ebkeko d[nkok nbkgukoh d/ d"okB Gkt gqrNkt/ d/ tZy-2 w[ekwK B{z S'IfJnk

iKdk j?. fi; soK d[Zy dh nt;Ek ftZu e'Jh fJ;soh iK e'Jh th ftnesh

nkgD/ wB dh ghVk B[{z, jo gqeko Bkb dZ;D dk :sB eodk j?. T[j nkgDh

ghV B{z ;G d/ nZr/ ;gZ;aN eoB bJh eJh soK d/ jkt-Gkt, p'bD dk Yzr

nkfd okjhI nkgD/ wB dh ghV B[z{ gqrNkT[D ftZu ;cb j' iKdk j? ns/ ;[BD

tkb/ ftnesh d/ wB ftZu th jwdodh iK Ujh Gkt g?dk eo fdzdk j?, i' fe

T[;d/ wB ftZu j[zd/ jB. fJ; feqnk B{z rkfJB ftZu gqdo;as eoBk fJZe u[B"sh

Gfonk ezw j?, fi; B{z fe fynkb rkfJe py{ph fBGkT[Idk j?. pzfd;a ukj/ Grsh,

eo[D, f;zarko (;zi'r-fti'r) fe;/ th o; T[&Zs/ nXkos j't/, ;[oK okjhI pzfd;a dk

;zi'r iK ftgqbzG Gkt gqrNkT[D bJh tZy-2 ;zrhse feqnktK ns/ sZsk dk gq:'r

ehsk iKdk j?. m[woh ;?abh f;zarkoe fposh dh ;?abh j'D d/ Bkb-2 fJ;soh

gqXkB ;?abh j?. fJ; ftZu fJ;soh d/ wB d/ gq/w, fwbB-ftS'IV/ d/ tZy-2 gfjb{nK

ns/ ekw tk;Bk Bkb ;zpzXs ftf;anK dk gqrNktk pV/ jh ;{yw Yzr Bkb ehsk

iKdk j?. m[woh ftZu Grsh-gq/w dhnK ouBktK ftZu okXk -feq;aB d/ gq/w, osh,

ok; feqnk nkfd B{z gqrNkfJnk iKdk j?. fJ; soK fJ; ;a?bh dh ft;/a;ask fJ;dh

f;azrkoe fposh j? ns/ m[woh ftZu Gkt-gqdo;aB eod/ ;w/I fJ;dh f;zarkoe fposh

B{z ekfJw oZyD bJh fJ;dh gd-ouBk B{z pV/ jh GktwJh Yzr Bkb rkfJnk

iKdk j?. m[woh ftZu S'IN/-2 Gkt Gog{o nkbkg j[zd/ jB ns/ fJ; ftZu neko d/

nbkg dh EK s/ p'bK B{z nbkg d/ ;[oK ftZu Ykb e/ gq;s[s ehsk iKdk j?.

246

Gkt/I m[woh ;a?bh ftZu Gkt gqrNkt/ dh feqnk dk wjZst fiankdk j[zdk j? gozs{

fJ; ftZu GktK dk gqrNktk th pzfd;a d/ p'bK T[Zs/ jh nXkos j[zdk j?. fJ;

eoe/ fJ; d/ jbe/-c[be/ nbkg th p'bK T[Zs/ jh ou/ iKd/ jB. gq/w-fgnko,

f;zarko (fwbB-ftS'IV/) dh GktBk B{z Xo[gd, fynkb, m[woh ;a?bh nbZr-nbZr o{gK

ftZu gq;s[s eodh j?. Xo[gd ftZu gq/w dk gqrNktk th fJZe d?th-oki;h nzdkia

iK ozr b? bI?Adk j? feT[Ife Xo[gd ftZu okr, ;[o, b?n, gd gq;s[sh ns/ skb

gZy'AI em'o fB:w, T[; d/ o{g ftZu ;aq/;amsk, ;op'swsk dk Gkt g?dk eod/ jB.

fynkb ftZu T[;/ gq/w dk ;kXkoD ns/ ;hwkpZX gqrNktk j? idfe m[woh T[;/ gq/w

dk ftbk;wJh ns/ ;[szso gqdo;aB j?. brGr fJj' nzso ns/ GktBktK fJjBK

rkfJB ;a?bhnK B{z ;[BD t/b/ wB ftZu nB[Gt ehs/ ik ;ed/ jB.

Xo[gd dk nkozGe nbkg ekch d/o sZe nbZr-nbZr b?nK ftZu ehsk

iKdk j?. ;[oK dk rfjB rzGho ;[o brkt, wzdq ;[oK dk fiankdk gq:'r, tZy-tZy

b?nK dk gqdo;aB eoBk nkfd e[M nfijhnK ;zrhse feqnktK jB, fijBK ftZu'IAI

o; dk nB[Gt e/tb ;zrhse p[ZXh tkbk ftnesh jh eo ;edk j?. wzdq ;[oK

dk fiankdk gq:'r, nfs wzdq ;[oK T[Zs/ ntki dk fNekT[Dk, rwe dk gq:'r nkfd

feqnktK rkfJB ftZu rzGhosk dk fBowkD eoB bJh gq:'r j[zdhnK jB. g[okD/

;w/A dh soK nZi eb th rkfJB ftZu fJjBK feqnktK d/ gq:'r eoB dk T[d/;a

rzGhosk, eo[D o; nkfd dh f;oiDk eoBk jh j[zdk j?. nfs wzdq, wzdq ;gse

d/ ;[oK dk em'o nfGnk; Bkb ehsk frnk gqdo;aB ;[D e/ wB y[F sK j[zdk j?

gozs{ fFzrko o; B{z nB[Gt eoB tkbh nt;Ek ftZu BjhI nk gkT[Idk. Gkt fJj

j? fe wB ;fjia BjhI j' gkT[Idk.

m[woh d/ nkozGe ft;Eko bJh th *neko* d/ nbkg rkJ/ iKd/ jB.

m[woh s'IAI f;azrko o; d/ gqrNkt/ bJh T[;d/ nozGe nkbkg d[nkok fe;/ ft;fsqs

G{fwek B{z fsnko eoB dh iao{os BjhA j[zdh feT[Ife m[woh fJZe uzub ;[Gkn

tkbh rkfJB ;a?bh j'D eoe/ fJ;d/ fJZe-fJZe p'b ns/ rkD feqnk okjhA f;azrkoe

Sp gq;s[s ehsh ik ;edh j?. fynkb dk nekfoe nbkg fJZe nfij/ ;fji

247

wkj"b dh f;oiDk eodk j?, fi; ftZu nkg;h gq/w-fgnko dhnK rZbK B{z fJZe

wfonkdk ftZu oZy e/ ehsk iKdk j?. fynkb dk ;o{g ;[BD tkb/ d/ wB B[z{ th

fynkbK ftZu fes/ d{o b? iKdk j?. m[woh dk nkozGe nkbkg finkdk

ft;Ekog{ote Bk j[zd/ j'J/ th nkgDh uzub fposh d[nkok wB dhnK rfjokJhnK

B{z S'Ij iKdk j? ns/ Å[o{nksh nkbkg B{z ;[D e/ jh wB ftZu uzubsk (ekw-;pzXh)

nk iKdh j?. fJ; soK Xo[gd, fynkb, m[woh ;a?bh dk nozGe nbkg, f;azrko

o; gqrNkt/ bJh nbZr-nbZr fgZm G{whnK dh BhIt oZydk j?.

(n) pzfdF dk wjZst

nozGe nkbkg s'II pknd Xo[gd, fynkb ns/ m[woh nkfd rkD ;?abhnK dk

d{ik wjZstg{oB fjZ;k rhs, pzfd;a iK gd ouBk dk rkfJB j[zdk j?. rhs ftZu

;apd j[zd/ jB, fJ; eoe/ ;apdK B{z ;wMDk nk;kB j[zdk j? gozs{ FpdK d/ nzdo

fSg/ Gkt ns/ ;[oK d/ tZy-tZy gqrNkftnK B{z ;wMD bJh ;zrhse ;{Mp{M dk

j'Dk iao{oh j?. Gkt fJj j? fe eke{ G/d d/ nkXko s/ pzfdF d/ fe;/ fJZe p'b

iK ;[o d/ eJh noE-Gkt eZY/ ik ;ed/ jB. p'bK s'I pzfd;a dh ouBk dk Gkt

;wM nk iKdk j? fe nw[e ouBK Xkowe j?, f;zarkoe j? iK ;aKs o; dh j?

nkfd. T[dkjoD tZi'A fJjBK pzfd;aK dh ouBK t/y'L-

(Xo[gd) okr fpjkr, u"skb

47

iB *p?i{ pkto"* okto", BkE gkJ/ nrw-nBkfd,

gfjbh ouBk ;azeo-

okis uzdqwk bbkN, ;h; iNki{N rzr,

r"oh noXzr ;zr Bzdh tkjB e'j?

G;w nkG{;aB ehn?A, riuow n"Y?,

wkoszv fBos eos j? Xo?A pj[o{g ;'j?}

ftnkb j{ ft;kb, ;'fGs pzdBk ;[y ;dBk,

e?bk; ftbk;h f;t-;esh ;zi[es ;z;ko i'j?.

47 gqG{fdnkb whsb, ;zrhskukfonk p?i{ n"o r'gkb, ihtBh n"o ouBkJ/I, gzBk 44

248

;zaeo ;okjhJ/ e{z e'j?}

d{ih ouBk

okfrBh w[bskBh XBK;qh, pqjwskb

48

okfrBh w[bskBh XBk;qh, u"skb

uzdq Gkb ;h; rzr r"oh noXzr,

bbkN G;w wz[vwkb eo fgBke oJhnkHHHHHHHHHHHHH

*p?i{ BkfJe* ;zrhs fBoss d/tgsh oJhnk,

shJ/ J/nk J/nk J/nk nk:" nk:" J/nk}

shih ouBk

49

fJ; T[dkjoB ftZu Xo[gd ;a?bh dhnK fszB ouBktK jB. gfjbh ns/ d{ih

ouBk d/ pzfd;a dk w[Zy Gkt-f;at ;azeo dh wfjwk, o{g dk r[DrkB eoBk j?

idfe shih pzfd;a BkfJek G/d T[Zs/ nXkos j? :kBh fe f;azrko o; dh pzfd;a

j?. fJ; soK pzfd;a dh ouBk d/ ft;a/ B{z fJZe tkoh rk e/ ;gZ;aN eo fdZsk

iKdk j?. pzfd;a rkD d/ Bkb fJ; rZb dk gsk uZb iKdk j? fe nw[e pzfd;a

fe; ft;a/ T[Zs/ nXkos j?. ;zrhs ftZu GktK d/ gqrNkt/ bJh pzfd;a dh pj[s

p'bh:' B v'bh:', b? nkT{ j[{z fgnkoh e"I ,

;[B" j' ;[xopo, np jh w?I ikT{ j{z.

wkfBBh wBkJ/ e?, fsjko/ gk; bkJ/ e?,

wX[o p[bkJ/ e/, s" uoB rjkT{ j{z}

;[B oh ;[zdo Bkfo, ekj/ eos J/sh okfo,

wdb vkos wkfo, ufb sgs p[MkTI{ j{z.

w/oh ;hy wkBeo wkB B eo' s[w J/;,

*p?i{* gqG{ fgnko ;'I pjhnK rjkT{I j{z..

48 gqG{fdnkb whsb, ;zrhskukfonk p?i{ n"o r'gkb, ihtBh n"o ouBkJ/I, gzBK 45

49 UjhI, gzBk 66

249

wjZstg{oB EK j[zdh j? feT[Ife p'b ns/ ;[o d't/A tZy-tZy ;zrhse sZsK Bkb

fwbe/ jh o;-Gkt B{z gqrNkT[Id/ jB. ;o'fsnK B{[z nkgD/ rkfJB d/ Bkb i'V e/

oZyD bJh *;apd* fJZe pj[s tZvh ;aesh jB feT[Ife ;apd ns/ ;[o dk fw;aos

o{g ;o'fsnK B[{z fJZe-fJZe ;apd d/ Gkt ftZu v[pk e/ oZy ;edk j?.

50

Xo[gd ;a?bh ftZu pzfd;a d/ rkB s'II pknd b?nekoh dk gqdo;aB ehsk

iKdk j?. *b?n* dh nkgDh jh fJZe ikd{ Goh Gk;ak j?. pj[s Xhwh, Xhwh, wZX,

do[s, nfs do[s jo/e b?n dk nkgDk noE j?. pzfd;a d/ ;apdK dh r?o jkiaoh

j[zd/ j'J/ th *b?n* nkgDh ukb d/ Bkb tZy-tZy o;-Gkt B{z gqrNk ;edh j?.

fBqs ftZu Gkt gqdo;aB (Gkt/A T[j g?oK d[nkok, jZEK dhnK w[doktK iK nZyK, w{zj

d/ tZy-tZy nzdkiaK d[nkok j't/) b?n T[Zs/ jh nXkos j[zdk j?. nfs ftbzps,

ftbzps b?n s'Ia rzGhosk, eo[Dk dk nfj;k; j[zdk j? id fe wZX b?n d[nkok

i/eo pzfd;a

tho o; dh j[zdh j? sK ;o'fsnK d/ wB ftZu T[s;kj g?dk j' iKdk j? ns/ i/eo

pzfd;a Grsh iK f;azzrko o; dh j[zdh j? sK ;o'fsnK dk wB th T[jh ;fEsh

ftZu o; wrB j' iKdk j?. fJ; soK o; d/ nB[Gt eoB d/ be;a? ftZu pzfd;a

dh fJZe nfjw G{fwek j[zdh j?.

(J) ft;Eko sZsK ftub/ nzso

pzfd;a d/ rkfJB s'II pknd Xo[gd, fynkb, m[woh ;a?bh d/ ft;Eko iK

T[gi dk y/so Å[o{ j' iKdk j?. fszB' ;a?bhnK ftZu nkgDh-nkgDh o{g-o/yk d/

nB[;ko jh pVs j[zdh j? fit/I fe Xo[gd ftZu pzfd;a s'II pknd b?nekoh,

@T[gi@-fi; ftZu p'b tzv ns/ p'b skB dh feqnk j[zdh j?. fynkb ;a?bh ftZu

nkbkg, p'b nkbkg, ;orw, skB, p'bskB nkfd ns/ m[woh ftZu p'b pBkt

d[nkok Gkt gqdo;aB nkfd d/ w[skpe pzfd;a d/ GktK B{z ;g;aZN ehsk iKdk j?

ns/ ;o'fsnK B[z{ ;zrhs d/ be;a? *nkBzd* nB[Gt d/ tZb b? ikfJnk iKdk

j?.

(;) b?n nXkoK ftZu nzso

50 vkH wX{okDh ;a[ebk, *eke{* ek ;zrhfse ftt/uB, gzBk 171

250

wB ftZu eJh soK d/ y[;ah, rwh Bkb ;pzfXs o; Gkt gqrNkJ/ iKd/ jB. do[s

b?n B[z{ ;[D e/ wB ftZu uzubsk, T[s;akj g?dk j' iKdk j?. fJ; soK rkfJB dh

gq;s[sh t/b/ ;[oK ns/ ;apdK B{z tZy-tZy b?nK ftZu p'bD Bkb tZy-tZy o;-Gkt

gqrN j[zd/ jB. Xo[gd ;a?bh ftZu ;[oK dk ehsk frnk b?n T[Zs/ nkXkfos gq:'r

;o'fsnK B{[z nkBzd gqdkB eodk j?. p'bK B{z tZy-tZy b?nK ftZu tzv e/ p'bD ns/

b?n d/ xZND-tZXD Bkb fi; o; dh f;q;aNh j[zdh j?, T[; B{z ;o's/ th nB[Gt

eod/ jB. fJZe ;XkoB ;o'sk ;zrhs dhnK pohehnK B{z sK BjhA ;wM gkT[Idk

gozs{ b?n d/ tZy-tZy o{gK d/ nkgD/ fdb'-fdwkr T[Zs/ g? oj/ gqGkt B{z wfj;{;

io{o eodk j?.

fynkb ;a?bh ftZu ftbzps fynkb dk rkfJB rzGhosk ns/ o'wKu d'jK

soK d/ wkj"b dh f;oiDk eodk j?. fiZE/ b?n dk ftbzps o{g wB ftZu ;aKs,

Grsh, eo[Dk nkfd GktK dh f;oiBk eoe/ rzGhosk g?dk eodk j? T[ZE/ jh wZX

b?n dk fynkb wB ftZu y[;ah, uzubsk iK pzfd;a d/ ;apdK d/ nB[;ko tZy-tZy

Gkt T[sgzB eodk j?. do[Zs b?n ftZu nB[Gt j[zdk j? fit/I fe wB dh y[;ah,

uzubsk, o'wKu ns/ T[&Zs/iBk B{z y{p;{os gzy br rJ/ j'D. fJjBK gzyK d/

;jko/ jh ebkeko, fynkb rkfJB o{gh ft;akb nkek;a ftZu T[vkohnK wkodk j?.

fJ; soK fynkb ;a?bh dh o{g o/yk ftZu fszBK b?nK d/ gq:'r j'D d/ (ftbzps

fynkb ftZu ftbzps, wZX fynkb ftZu wZX b?n ns/ do[Zs ftZu do[s b?n dk

gq:'r j'Dk) ekoB fynkb ;a?bh okjhI o; dh f;q;aNh eoB ftZu tZy-tZy b?nK

dk wjZstg{oB ;EkB j?. tZv/ fynkb dh gd ouBk d/ µpd fµzrko o; d/

;zi'r o{g Bkb ;zpzXs - *fgnk w'o/ nkJ/* iK fti'r f;zarko Bkb ;pzfXs ™fgnk

BjhI nkJ/́ e[M th j' ;ed/ jB. tZv/ fynkb ftZu fJjBK pzfdµK d/ Bkb gfjb/

gqGktK dk gqrNktk tZy-tZy ;zrhse sZsK dh wdd Bkb ehsk iKdk j?. ftbzps

fynkb dh Xhwh b?n fe;/ th d[Zy-;[Zy dk ft;Eko g{ote gqrNktk eo ;eD dk

g{ok nt;o fdzdh j? ns/ d[Zy-;[Zy dh nt;Ek dh rzGhosk iK uzubsk d/ wkj"b

Bz{ th pDkJ/ oZydh j?. fJ; soQK Xhwh b?n ftZu rkJh rJh pzfdµ dk w[Zy Gkt

;o's/ d/ wB ftZu, ;[oK d/ gq:'r dhnK tZy-tZy eqhnktK, eke{ G/dK, nkbkg, p'b

251

nbkg dh wdd Bkb ;EkJh o{g b? b?Idk j? i' fe nkBzdwJh brdk j?.

µo'fsnK d/ wB ftZu fµzrko d/ tZy-tZy o{gK Bz{ b? e/ eJh ebgBktK j[zdhnK

ofjzdhnK jB. fJjBK ebgBktK ftZu ed/ sK BkfJek tZy-tZy YzrK Bkb nkgDh

y[µh dk fJiajko eodh iK d[Zy Goh ghV ;[DkT[Idh j'Jh gqshs j[zdh j?. ed/-ed/

fJjBK ebgBktK Bz{ µo's/ nkgDh fBZih fiazdrh d/ fe;/ y[µh-rwh d/ gb Bkb

i'V e/ th nB[Gt eod/ jB. tZv/ fynkb dh rzGhosk s'II pknd wZX b?n iK

do[Zs fynkb dk ubB j?. w[Zy nzso sK b?n dk jz[dk j?. do[s fynkb dh

b?n ftbzps,- fynkb s'II s/ia j[zdh j?. fJ; ftZu p'b skB, skB, xZN nkbkg,

fcos dk ezw, ftZfusosk Gfonk ;[o brkD dk Yzr, fszBK ;gseK ftZu ;gkN

skBK ns/ skBK d/ tZy-tZy gquko nkfd, whIv, w[oeh, eD, ;[o nkfd w[Zy

ftµ/µsktK jz[dhnK jB. Xhwh b?n ;[BD s'II pknd b?n dh s/iah Bz{ ;[D e/ wB

ns/ fdwkr ftZu ;c[osh nkT[Idh j? ns/ pzfdµ d/ Gkt d/ w[skpe jh wB ftZu

Gkt ird/ jB. wZX b?n d/ fFzrko ftZu gqrN ehs/ rJ/ fµzrko o; dk o{g

tZv/ fynkb ftZu fpnkB ehs/ rJ/ ;zi'r fµzrko d/ o{g s'II e[M uzub j[zdk j?.

b?n d/ eqw nB[;ko tZXD d/ Bkb Bkb o; ns/ nkBzd dh fwnkd tZXD, tkb/

r{[V sZsK Bz{ ;wMD tkb/ rkfJe ebkeko nZi th tZv/ fynkb s'II pknd gfjbK

wZX b?n dhnK pzfdµK dk gqdoµB eod/ jB.

fJ; soQK fynkb µ?bh ftZu tZv/ fynkb, wZX fyankb s'II b? e/ S'IN/

fynkb sZe fµzrko o; dh fwnkd j"bh-j"bh tZXdh iKdh j? ns/ nzs ftZu

µo'fsnK Bz{ gow nkBzd dk nB[Gt j[zdk j?. fµzrko o; dh jh soQK fynkb

µ?bh ftZu µKs, eo[D, Grsh nkfd o;K Bz{ th fe;/ b?n eqw Bkb gqrNkfJnk

iKdk j?.

m[woh ;a?bh ftZu Gkt gqdo;aB bJh b?n d/ tZy-tZy o{g ;jkfJsk eod/

jB. tZy-tZy b?nK dk fijVk uwseko fynkb ftZu ftbzps, wZX, do[Zs fynkb

d/ o{g ftZu fdykfJnk iKdk j?, T[jh uwseko fJZe' m[woh ouBk ftZu fdykfJnk

iKdk j?. efjD dk Gkt fJj j? fe fynkb ;a?bh dh soK m[woh ftZu tZy-tZy

b?nK dk gqdo;aB o[Ze-o[Ze e/ BjhI ehsk iKdk pbfe m[woh ftZu fJZe' m[woh

252

ouBk d/ gqdo;aB d"okB jh b?n tZy-tZy o{gK ftZu gqdo;as ehsh iKdh j?.

nfijk eoB Bkb m[woh dh uzubsk ns/ Gkt gqdo;aB B{z pb fwbdk j?.

T[dkjoB tZi'I m[woh ftZu *w'o/ B?Bk Go-Go nkJ/* ;apdK B{z dhguzdh skb ftZu

p'bD s'IA pknd id'II b?n tXkJh ikJ/rh sK m[woh rkfJB ftZu e[M Bt/AgB B[z{

fbnkT[D bJh fszB skb, efjotk, bZrh nkfd dk gqdo;aB th ehsk ikJ/rk ns/

gd ouBk d/ w[Zy-p'bK B{z fJjBK skbK ftZu th tZy-tZy Yzr Bkb pDk e/ gq;s[s

ehsk iKdk j?, fi; d/ Bkb m[woh d/ Gkt ;gZ;aN s'II th ;gZ;aN j[zd/ ofjzd/ jB

ns/ wB dhnK ekw[e fJZSktK B{z S'IAIjd/ ofjzd/ jB.

m[woh ftZu e/tb fµzrko ns/ ekw ;zpzXh GktK dk gqrNktk jz[dk j?.

51

ekw[e GktK d/ gqrNkt/ bJh gqhfs, wkoiBh, nefµsh, oesk, ;zdhgBh ns/

nbkgBh nkfd µo{shnK dk gq:'r jz[dk j? ns/ fJjBK dk gq:'r m[woh ftZu j[zdk

j?. fJjBK µo{shnK dk ;zpzX (w) ns/ (g) ;[oK Bkb j? fJ; eoe/ m[woh dk

rkD nfij/ okrK ftZu j[zdk j? fijBK ftu (w) ns/ (g) ;[oK dh gqXkBsk j[zdh

j?. m[woh ;zukoh GktK d/ w/b Bkb fµzrko o; dk gqrNktk eodh j?.

52

m[woh

d' nzrK Bkb rkJh iKdh j?. m[woh d/ gfjb/ nzr iK Yzr fi;Bz{ fe g{op nzr

dh m[woh efjzd/ jB d/ d' T[gG/d jB- p'b pBkt ns/ p'b tzv dh m[woh.

53

p'b pBkt dh m[woh ftZu rkfJeh dk fiankdk wjZst j[zdk j?. fJjBK m[wohnK Bz{

b'eX[BK iK T[;d/ Bkb fwbd/-i[bd/ okrK ftZu rkfJnk iKdk j?.

54

m[woh d/ nzso/ dk ft;Eko th e[M fJ;/ soQK Bkb jz[dk j? ns/ fJ; s'II

pknd wZX b?n ftZu ft;Eko j[zdk j? ns/ ftZu-ftZu S'INh - S'INh skBK b? e/

wkj"b Bz{ fµzrko wJh pDkfJnk iKdk j?. p'b tzv dh m[woh ftZu pzfdµ dh gd

ouBk dk gqGkt fiankdk jz[dk j? ns/ fJ;Bz{ pzfdµh m[woh th efj fdzd/ jB.

nozGe nbkg

s'II pknd ftbzps dhguzdh iK gzikph skb ftZu pzfdµ rk e/ p'bpBkt dh feqnk

pV/ Gkt Gog{o Yzr Bkb ehsh iKdh j?.

55

51 O. Goswami , The story of Indian music, page 134 52 Ujh,gzBk 134

53 vkH wX{okDh µ[ebk, eke{ ek ;zrhfse ftt/uB, gzBK 178

54 Ujh, gzBk 179

55 vkHwX{okDh µ[ebk, eke{ dk ;Krhfse ftt/uB, gzBk 181

253

wZX b?n dhnK m[wohnK ftZu ;zi'r-fti'r d't/I fµzrko o{gK dk gqrNktk j[zdk j?.

idfe uzubsk fiankdk j'D eoe/ s/ia b?n dhnK m[wohnK ftZu e/tb ;zi'r

fµzrko o{g dk gqrNktk fiankdk j[zdk j?. p'btzv m[woh ftZu pzfdµ d/ µpdK Bz{

b?n ftZu tzv e/ uwseko g?dk ehsk iKdk j?. fJ; eoe/ fJ;Bz{ b?n tzv dh

m[woh th fejk iKdk j?.

56

m[woh ftZu p'b ns/ Gkt gqrNktk d'B' jh wZjstg{oB j[zd/ jB pbfe

m[woh d/ tZy-tZy gqekoK (p'b tzv ns/ p'b pBkt m[woh) dk nXko th m[woh dk

Gkt gqdoµB ns/ p'bK d/ rkD dk Yzr j?. m[woh µ?bh ftZu fµzrko o; dk

;iht toBD eoB ftZu pj[s fwjBs eoBh g?Idh j? fi; bJh rb/ Bz{ ftµ/µ

nfGnk; ftXhnK d[nkok fsnko eoBk g?Idk j?. t?;/ sK m[woh d/ p'bK, b?n,

skb, Gkt gqrNkt/, ;[oK d/ tZy-tZy gq:'r, eke{ G/dK ns/ rkfJe dh ebgBk

okjhI m[woh s'II fµzrko o; dk gqrNktk ehsk ik ;edk j? gozs[ fJ;d/ Bkb-Bkb

m[woh ftZu tZiD tkb/ ;ki fit/I fe jkow'Bhnw, spbk, ;kozrh, µfjBkJh nkfd

th fµzrko o; d/ gqrNkt/ ftZu ;jkfJe pDd/ jB. ed/-ed/ jkow'Bhnw, ;kozrh

nkfd ;kiaK T[Zs/ m[woh pzfdµ dh w[Zy ;[o fbgh s'II jN e/ ebkeko e[M j'o

fJ; µ?bh ftZu tZy-tZy gqeko dhnK b?nekohnK d/

Bkb-Bkb µpd, ;[o gqXkB p'b ft;Eko dh gqXkBsk ofjzdh j?.

b?n dh ftbZyDsk m[woh ftZu ozia g?dk eodh j?. m[woh dh µ[o{nks ftZu

fijVh ftbzps b?n Bz{ oZfynk iKdk j?, T[j tZv/, fynkb dh soQK ftbzps BjhI

j[zdh pbfe wZX ftbzps b?n j[zdh j? fi; dk gq:'r Gkt gqdoµB bJh ehsk

iKdk j?. wZX b?n ftZu fµzrko goe ouBktK dk gqrNktk fiankdk gqGktµkbh

brdk j? feT[Ife pj[s Xhwh ns/ pj[s s/ia b?n ftZu rzGhosk ns/ T[Zs/iBk

T[sgzB j[zdh j? idfe wZX b?n, fJZe ftT[IspZX b?n j? i' fe BK sK s/ia j'D

ekoB T[&Zs/iaBK tXKdh j? ns/ Bk jh Xhwh j'D eoe/ rzGhosk dh f;oiDk eodh

j?. fµzrko o; d/ ;EkJh Gkt ™osh´ s'II T[sgzB j'J/ GktK Bz{ gqrNkT[D bJh wZX

b?n dh buedko ukb nfs T[Zsw brdh j?.

56 Gkosh okm"V, Gkosh ;zrhs eh wX[fowkL m[woh, gzBk 147

254

fwbd/ i[bd/ b'erhsK dhnK X[BK nkfd tikT[Id/ jB. fJ; d"okB spbk tkde

th bZrh iK e[M j'o uzub m/e/ tik e/ wkj"b Bz{ ozrhB pDk fdzd/ jB. fJ;

soQK b'e gozgok T[Zs/ nXkos j'D eoe/ m[woh µ?bh s'II fµzrko o; d/ gqrNkt/ dh

fwnkd pj[s fiankdk j?. m[woh rkfJB ftZu pzfdµ dh ;EkJh dk wZjst j[zdk j?

feT[Ife fe;/ p'b d[nkok Gkt gqrNkT[D s'II pknd pko-pko pzfdµ dh ;EkJh dh

gfjbh gzesh Bz{ p'fbnk iKdk j?. m[woh d/ rhs d/ p'bK ns/ T[;Bz{ fµzrkoe

S'Ij d/D bJh eD, yNek, w[oeh, frNeoh, whIv, rweK d/ ftµ/µ gqekoK dk

gq:'r j[zdk j?.

57

m[woh dk ;zpzX fBqs Bkb j'D eoe/ th fJ; ftZu p'bK ns/

Gkt gqrNkt/ dk wjZst fiankdk j?. µqh r';[nkwh d/ nB[;ko p'b Bz{ pBkT[D dh

feqnk T[j feqnk j? fi; ftZu fJZe µpd d/ fizB/ th noE fBeb ;ed/ jB,

T[jBK Bz{ ;zrhs okjhI gqrNkfJnk iKdk j?.

58

fszBK ;a?bhnK d/ b?n-nXkoK ftZu nzso j[zdk j?. Xo[gd dhnK skb,

wksoktK fB;aus j'D eoe/ fJ; ftZu w[Zy skb B{z sK BjhI pdfbnk iKdk gozs{

gd ouBk B{z tZy-tZy b?nekohnK okjhI jh ;gZ;aN eoB dh e'f;a;a ehsh iKdh j?.

Xo[gd nkgDh y{p;{os gd ouBk, ntki dh rzGhosk, ftbzps b?n ns/ gykti

dh ;zrs ftZu d[r[B, fsr[B ns/ efmB b?nekohnK d/ gqdo;aB ekoB nkgD/

fe;/ th fjZ;/ ftZu fYZbk Bjh_ ikgdk pbfe ;o'fsnK d/ wB ftZu *o;* dh ;fEsh

fJZe µpd d/ r{V-fBr{V noEK Bz{

gqrNkT[D bJh ebkeko d/ e'b Gkt[e fjod?, y{p;{os nktkia ns/ ebgBkµhb

fdwkr dh b'V j[zdh j?. m[woh fJZe nfijh ftXk j? fi;dk f;o s'II b? e/ g?o

sZe ;kok ;aoho f;azrko Bkb nbzfeqs j/. ekw GktBktK B[z{ e'wbsk Bkb S'Ij

;eD tkbh m[woh ;a?bh f;azrko dk dogD j?. m[woh dk gqubB gfjbK fBqs Bkb

j'D eoe/ fJ; ftZu nKfre nfGB?n Bkb ;zpzfXs ;apdK dk gqrNktk th rk e/

jh ehsk iKdk j?. fJ;d/ GktK d/ gqrNkt/ B{z gqGkt;akbh pBkT[D ftZu eke{ G/dK

dk ft;a/;a wjZst jz[dk j?.

57 ;aso[xB ;a[eb, m[woh eh T[sgZsh, ftek; n"o ;a?bhnK, gzBk 276

58 O. Goswami, The story of Indian Music, Page 134 "The art of conveying musically as many shades of meaning as the words can bear".

255

pDh ofjzdh j?. fi; ftZu tZy-tZy b?nekohnK d/ gqdo;aB, rwe nkfd Bkb tkXk

j[zdk ofjzdk j?.

(j) okr ns/ skb fBoXkoB

i/eo Xo[gd d/ ;ak;ts ;o{g dh rZb ehsh ikt/ sK fJ; ftZu gq:'r ehs/

ikD tkb/ okr, skb nkfd fB;afus j[zd/ jB. Xo[gd dh rzGhosk B[{z pDkJ/ oZyD

bJh fJ; ftZu e[M rzGho gqfeosh tkb/ okr iK fijBK okrK d/ ;[oK dk

rzGhosk Bkb T[ZukoD ehsk iKdk j?, dk gq:'r ehsk frnk j?. tZy-tZy Xo[gd

dhnK pzfd;aK B{z t/yD s'II gsk ubdk j? fe fJjBK ftZu w/xokr, G?ot, wzrb

G?ot, :wB, fjzv'b, ftGk;, nk;ktoh, Ghw gbk;h, okwebh, whnK wbjko,

wkbe"I;, G{gkbh, okfrBh N'Vh, ;kozr, pkra;aqh, jwho, fGzB ;aVi, ;{o wbjko,

X{[bhnk wbjko, ywki, ekch, wkbh r"ok, ftzdqktBh ;kozr, be;awh s'IVh, d/;,

nbj?nk fpbktb, r"V wbjko, r[oioh okfrBh, yzpktsh okfrBh, okfrBh

w[bskBh Ghwgbk;h

59

okfrBh w[bskBh XBk;aoh

60 ,

, okfrBh wkb;aqh

61

, rzXko

62

,

okfrBh g{oth

63

nkfd eJh okrK dk gq:'r ehsk frnk j?. fJjBK ftZu'II

fiankdkso okrK d/ ;[oK dk T[ZukoD rzGhosk Bkb ehsk ikdk j?. fJ;d/ Bkb

Xo[gd ftZu n'i iK e[M rzGhosk pDh ofjzdh j? i' fe Xo[gd dh o{g o/yk bJh

iao{oh th j? feT[Ife nkgDh fJjBK ft;/a;asktK eoe/ jh Xo[gd pkeh ;a?bhnK s'IA

nbZr j?. fJ;/ soK fJ;dh ;zrsh bJh fiankdkso pzfd;aK uko skb ftZu

fwbdhnK jB. uko skb s'IA fJbktk, Mgskb, skb ;ho,

64

fsskbk, Xhw skb,

65

o{ge

66

, ;{b iK ;{b ckesk, uouoh

67

59 gqG{fdnkb whsb, (;zrqfj) ;zrhs ;wokN skB;/B, ihtBh n"o ouBkJ/AI, gzBk 63

60 Ujh, gzBk 63 61 Ujh, gzBk 68

62 Ujh, gzBk 81

63 Ujh, gzBk 137

64 gqG{fdnkb whsb, (;zrqfj) ;zrhs ;wokN skB;/B, ihtBh n"o ouBkJ/A, gzBk 205

65 Ujh, gzBk 131

66 Ujh, gzBk 128

67 Ujh, gzBk 104

, shtok, Xwko, pqjw, o[Zdo, be;awh,

;tkoh, wZs, ;a/;a nkfd skbK ftZu pZX pzfd;aK th jB.

256

fynkb ;a?bh ftZu ftftX ftF/ fwbd/ jB. fJ; eoe/ fJ; dhnK pzfd;aK

bJh eJh okr jB fit/A fe jwho, fsbzr, d/;, ;kozr, :wB, G{gkbh, fpjko,

r[oioh s'IVh, i'r, f;aqzr/oh, wkotk, f;atez;, ywki, Mhbc, Bkr ;toktbh, fsqt/Dh,

;KM, e/dko, nk;ktoh, jz;XtBh, y/w, fMzM'Nh, nkG'rh, fGzB ;aVi. fJjBK okrK

ftZu pZX pzfd;aK ftZu eJh ft;a/ jB feT[Ife fynkb ftZu Xo[gd s'IA e[M xZN

rzGhosk ns/ m[woh s'IA e[M xZN uzubsk dk w/b j[zdk j?. fJ; eoe/ fJ; ftZu

d't/A ;a?bhnK ftZu gq:'r j'D tkb/ okrK dk gq:'r ehsk frnk j?. fynkb ftZu

jo gqfeosh tkb/ okr, skb fwb iKd/ jB. jK, skbK dh u'D t/b/ fJ;dh

gqfeosh dk fXnkB oZyDk g?AIdk j? feT[Ife fynkb Bk sK Xo[gd dh soK u"skb

ftZu rkfJnk ikDk ukjhdk j? ns/ Bk jh m[woh tKr uzub pDk d/Dk ukjhdk

j?. fJ;dh nkgDh fJZe y{p;{osh j? fi; B[z{ poeoko oZyD bJh fJ; ftZu fJ;d/

;[Gkn w[skpe jh e[M skbK fit/A fe fszB skb, fJZeskb, fsbtkVk, nkVk

ukoskb, Mgskb, dkdok, o{ge nkfd dk gq:'r ehsk iKdk j?.

m[woh dh uzubsk B{z ekfJw oZyD bJh fJ; dh ouBk uzub ns/ ;zehoB

gqfeosh d/ okrK ftZu fiankdk j[zdh j?. fJ;d/ bJh G?oth, XkBh, gjkVh, d/;,

ghb{ izrbk, ghb{, ftzdqktBh ;kozr, fsbe ekw'd, ekch, wKv, ywki nkfd okrK

s'II fJbktk pkr/;aqh, ;'om, dopkoh ekBjVk

68

, whnK eh wbjko

69

68 Gkos/Id[ pkig/Jh, (;zebB eosk), bbB ghnk eh m[wohnK, gzBk 112

69 Ujh, gzBk 115

, G{gkbh, jwho,

e/dko, r"V ;kozr, ;ogodk, BN fpjkr, pjko, yzpktsh, BkfJeh ekBVk, ;ajkBk,

;'jBh ekBjVk, nVkBk, wkbe';a, uzdqe';a, ;{jk ;[xokJh, goi, r"oh, rkok, rkok

yzpktsh,fjzv'b (fJjBK okrK ftZu pZX pzfd;aK dk t/otk Åqh Gkos/Id{ pkig/Jh dh

g[;se-bbB ghnK eh m[wohnK ftZu t/fynk ik ;edk j?) nkfd eJh fw;aos

gqfeosh d/ okrK dk gq:'r ehsk frnk j? sK i' m[woh d/ Gkt gqdo;aB ns/

f;azrkoe Gkt B{z j'o ;gZ;aN ehsk ik ;e/. m[woh bJh uzub gqfeosh dhnK skbK

dk jh gq:'r uzrk bZrdk j?. fJ;d/ bJh is (ftbzps), fszBskb, efjotk,

f;skoykBh (fszBskb), dhguzdh, nZXk fszBskb nkfd dk gq:'r T[fus bZrdk j?.

257

T[go'es ;a?bhnK ftZu tos/ rJ/ okr ns/ skb d/ nzso Bkb jh o; ns/

GktK ftZu nzso nk iKdk j?. fJjBK okrK ftZu bZrD tkb/ F[ZX, e'wb, shto,

;[oK dk o; T[sgZsh Bkb rfjok ;zpzX j?. rzGho gqfeosh d/ okr-skb rzGhosk

dh T[sgZsh eod/ jB ns/ uzub gqfeosh d/ okr, skb nkfd wkj"b B{z ozrhB

pDk fdzd/ jB. fJ; soK fJjBK ;a?bhnK ftZu o; dh T[sgZsh bJh okr, skb,

b?n dh T[fussk tZb fXnkB fdZsk iKdk j?. f;zarko o; d/ d?th gqGkt bJh

skb dh rzGhosk, fwb/-i[b/ f;azrko gqrNkt/ bJh ;fji YzrK Bkb skb dk

tikT[Dk ns/ f;zzarko d/ ekw[e gqrNkt/ bJh uzub gqfeosh dk tkdB ;jkfJe

jz[dk j?.

6H10 fFzrko o; nfGftnesh ftZu ;jkfJe wjZstg{oB sZs

(T) ;[o ;ztkd

okr ns/ skb s'II fJbktk ;[o ;ztkd ;-g iK ;-w nkfd dk th nbZr-

nbZr gqGkt j?. ;-g ;ztkd Bkb rzGhosk, f;azrko, Grsh iK e'Jh th o;

gqrNkfJnk ik ;edk j? gozs{ ;-w dk ;ztkd ;[D e/ f;azrkoe iK e[M uzubsk,

p/u?Bh dk nB[Gt j[zdk j? t?;/ th ;kv/ ;zrhs ftZu (w) ;[o dk okr d/ y/so

ftZu pj[s wjZst j?. wfXnw ;[o dk Å[ZX o{g th uzubsk dk wkj"b jh

pDkT[Idk j? gozs{ wfXnw dk shto o{g sK okr dh o{g o/yk B{z jh pdb fdzdk

j? ns/ okr B{z fJZe shykgB (uzubsk iK fwmk;) d/ fdzdk j?. m[woh ;a?bh ftZu

Gkt gqdo;aB B{[z ;gZ;aN eoB bJh tZy-tZy eke{ G/dK dk gq:'r ehsk iKdk j?.

fJZE/ p'b B[z{ ed/ nkj Goe/, ed/ wB dh ghV pDk e/, ed/ j{e pDk e/ gq;s[s

eoB ftZu shto, e'wb ;[oK dk GktwJh T[uZkoD ns/ ;w dk nkeoFe ;[o

;ztkd pj[s ezw nkT[Idk j?. fJ; soK d/ Gkt gqrNkt/ xZN-tZX wksok ftZu

fynkb ;?/bh ftZu th j[zd/ jB gozs{ m[woh s'IIA xZN. Xo[gd ;a?bh ftÅ[ZX ;a?bh j?,

fJ; ftZu okr, skb, ;to nkfd gfjbK jh fB;afus j'D eoe/ fJ;dk ;o{g Å[o{

s'Ia nyho sZe ekfJw ofjzdk j? ns/ fJZe' ;[o-;ztkd, ;[oK dk o{g (e'wb, shto

iK F[ZX nkfd) ;zg{oB Xo[gd ftZu uZbdk j?. id fe fyankb ns/ m[woh ftZu

258

;[oK d/ tZy-tZy YzrK Bkb gq:'r nkftoGkt-fso'Gkt nkfd feqnktK eoB dh S[ZN

j[zdh j? fi; eoe/ fJjBK F?bhnK s'I o; dh T[sgZsh fiankdk j[zdh j?.

(n) pqi GkFk ;kfjs

pzfd;aK dk pqi Gk;ak ;kfjs th f;azrko o; d/ ;zi'r-fti'r gqrNkt/ B{z

;iht pDkT[D ftZu ;jkfJe f;ZX j[zdk j?. w/o/ nB[;ko pqi Gk;ak d/ ;apd fit/I

fe wB eh pshnK, ek;/ ej{z, nkbh, ghnk, sps?A, se{z oh nkbh nkfd fijh

;apdktbh o; Gog{o j? ns/ r?n ft;a;asktK dh XkoBh j?. ;zrhs ftZu wX[o

Gkt fbnkT[D bJh pqi Gk;ak dhnK pzfd;aK jh T[g:[es bZrdhnK jB. ;akfJd

fJ;/ eoe/ ;kv/ Gkosh ;zrhs dk ;kfjs pqi Gk;ak dhnK pzfd;aK Bkb Gfonk

j'fJnk j?. pqi Gk;ak d/ ;apd rkD ftZu sK fwmk; God/ jh jB pbfe Gkt

gqrNkt/ ftZu th ;jkfJe pDd/ jB. *w?A BjhA ikT{Irh ;j/bh iw[Bk e/ sN go*

dh EK s/ *w?A Bk ikT{I ;yh iw[Bk e/ sho* ;apd fiankdk r?nkswe jB :kfB fe

rkJ/ ikD tkb/ jB. *w?A Bk ikT{I ;yh iw[Bk e/ sho* ;apdK okjhA o;-Gkt

gqrNktk th ehsk ik ;edk j? ns/ fJj ;apd rkD ns/ ;[BD tkb/ d/ fjod? B{z

th uzr/ bZrd/ jB. Xo[gd ftZu th pqi GkFk dk gq:'r ehsk frnk.pqi Gk;ak

dk ;ob ns/ ;fji gqrNktk fynkb ns/ m[woh F?bh dhnK pzfd;aK ftZu fwb

iKdk j?. fJjBK pzfd;aK d/ noEK B{z ;wfMnk ik ;edk j?. m[woh ftZu pqi Gk;ak

d/ Bkb-Bkb tZy-tZy b'e Gk;aktK dk n;o th j?. fJ; eoe/ fJ;dh pzfd;aK dk

ekw[e Gkt ;wMD ftZu fiankdk d/o BjhA bZrdh. fJ; soK pqi Gk;ak dh fwmk;

B[z{ t/yd/ j'fJnK fJ;dk gq:'r tZy-tZy rkfJB ;a?bhnK ftZu ehsk frnk. pqi G{wh

d/ okXk-feq;aB ih B{z f;azrko o; dk nkbzpB pDk e/, tZy-tZy ok; bhbktK, ekw

feqnktK dk toBD pqi Gk;ak ftZu pj[s jh gqGkt;akbh bZrdk j? ns/ f;azrko o;

d/ ;iht gqrNkt/ ftZu ;jkfJe pDdk j?.

(J) eke{ G/d

Gsohjfo d/ nB[;ko ;koh fttjkoe ;Zsk ;apd, noE ns/ frnkB,

fJjBK fszB o{gK ftZu tzvh j'Jh j?. *;apd* w[Zy j[zdk j? feT[Ife fJ; T[Zs/ jh

259

noE ns/ frnkB nkXkos j[zd/ jB.

70

;apd iK XtBh, nktkia, Bkd jh ;zrhs

dk nkXko j?. XtBh, pqjwKv dk fJZe wjZstg{oB nzr j/.gqfeosh ftZu th eJh

soK dhnK XtBhnK jB ns/ tZy-tZy iht, izs[nK d[nkok T[; fJe' XtBh B[{z tZy-

tZy YzrK Bkb fBekfbnk iKdk j?. XtBh dh T[sgZsh d/ tZy-tZy YzrK s'II jh

;kB{z fJj frnkB j' iKdk j? fe e'Jh nktkia fe;/ fuVh dh j?, eK dh j? iK

e'fJb dh j?. eJh tkoh e'Jh gzSh th nkgDh nktkia B{z eJh YzrK Bkb eZYD

dh e'f;a;a eodk j? i'fe ed/ sK pj[s voktBh ns/ ed/ pj[s wX[o bZrdh j?.

id'II e'Jh ebkeko Gkt gqdo;aB bJh ntki B[z{ tZy-tZy YzrK Bkb brkT[Idk j?

sK fJjh f;XKs ;zrhs ftZu th bkr{ j[zdk j?. T[dkjoD d/ bJh Xo[gd ;a?bh

ftZu ebkeko nkgDh ntkia B{z p[bzd, rzGho, n'ig{oB pDkT[Idk j? ns/ fynkb

ftZu nkbkg nkfd ftZu Gkt gqrNkT[D bJh ntki B{z ed/ e'wb, buedko,

uzub ns/ ed/ p[bzd nkfd pDkT[Idk j?. nktki dk tZy-tZy YzrK Bkb brkt

eoBk sK m[woh dk gqkD j?. nkgD/ ihtB ftZu n;hI t/yd/ jK fe fe;/ Bkb

bVd/-MrVd/ j'J/, vKNd/ j'J/ ntkia T[uZh ns/ e'qX Goh, d[Zy ftZu nktkia pj[s

BhthI, gq/w eoB t/b/ uzub iK ekw[e j' iKdh j?. ntkia ftZu fJ; soK d/

T[sko-uVkn n;hI ikD-p[ZM e/ BjhI eod/ pbfe ntki ftZu fJj pdbkn w"e/ d/

nB[;ko nkgD/ nkg nkT[Id/ jB. fJZe ftnesh ;t/o/ s'IA b? e/ oks sZe fe;/

Bkb rZb-pks eofdnK j'fJnK (ukj/ T[j xo ftZu iK pkjo fe;/ Bkb th rZb

eodk j?) nkgDh p'b ukb ftZu fJ; soK d/ nukBe nkT[D tkb/ T[sko-uVknK

B{z nB[Gt eo ;edk j?. ;zrhs ftZu fJj T[sko-uVkn pzfd;a d/ o;-Gkt d/

nB[;ko iK rkfJe dh ebgBk ;aesh d/ nXko T[Zs/ nkT[Id/ jB. ;zrhs ftZu

XtBh d/ fJ; T[sko-uVkn ns/ ntkia d/ tZy-tZy YzrK Bkb gq:'r eoB dh

feqnk B{z eke{ G/d fejk iKdk j? iK Gkt d/ nB[;ko ezm dh XtBh ftZu j'D

tkb/ pdbktK B{z eke{ efjzd/ jB.

71

eke{, XtBh ftZu fJ; soK ;wkfJnk j? fit/I

nZr ftZu ;/e ns/ ;aoho ftZu nkswk

72

70 vkH ohBk e[wko, fjzd[;skBh ;zrhs ek ntb'eB, *eke{* e/ nkXko go, gzBk 1

71;[GZdok u"Xoh, (ftnkfynk ns/ nB[tkd) ;akozrd/t feqs ;zrhs osBkeo, d{ik yzv, shik nfXnkJ/,

;ab'e 120, gzBk 148 72 vkH ohBk e[wko, fjzd[;skBh ;zrhs ek ntb'eB, eke{ e/ nkXko go, gzBk 27

. rkfJe Gkt/I fe;/ th gqeko Xo[gd,

260

fynkb, m[woh nkfd dk rkD eodk j't/ gozs{ T[;d/ bJh eke{ d/ tZy-tZy G/dK

dk frnkB j'Dk io{oh j?. gzH ;akozrd/t ih th rkfJe d/ 22 be;aDK ftZu'IA fJZe

r[D eke{nK dk frnkB *;oteke{ft;aa/;afts* dh rZb B{z wzBd/ jB.

73

eke{ d/ S/ G/d ;[o eke{, okr eke{, nzfBnokr eke{, d/;a eke{, ;a/so

eke{ ns/ :zsq eke{ jB.

74

eke{ d/ gfjb/ fszB G/dK dk ;pzX okr d/ o{g d/

Bkb j[zdk j? idfe nrb/ fszB G/d gqd/;a, ezm ns/ ;kiK dh XtBh d/ r[DK T[Zs/

nXkos j[zd/ jB.

75

Xo[gd, fynkb ns/ m[woh ftZu eke{ d/ gq:'r Bkb tZy-tZy

Gkt-noE ;kjwD/ nkT[AId/ jB. ntkia d/ brkn d/ tZy-tZy YzrK d/ nkXko T[Zs/

jh Xo[gd fJZe rzGho rkD ;a?bh, fynkb rzGhosk ns/ f;zarkoesk d/ w/b B[z{

gqrNkT[D tkbh rkD ;a?bh ns/ m[woh f;azrko o; ns/ ekw GktBktK B{[z irkT[D

tkbh ;a?bh tZi'I gqf;ZX j?. eke{nK d/ nkXko T[Zs/ jh fJZe ;XkoD ;apd dhnK

tZy-tZy Gkt-GzfrwktK B{z gqrN ehsk iKdk j?. ;zrhs ftZu yk;eo e/ m[woh ;a?bh

ftZu fJZe' ;apd B{z nktkia d/ T[sko uVkn Bkb gq;s[s eoB s/ T[; ;apd dk

jo ;zGt noE ns/ Gkt ;kjwD/ fbnkfJnk iKdk j?, fJj feqnk eke{ T[Zs/ jh

nXkos j?. Xo[gd rkfJB ftZu ntki B[{z rzGho pDkT[Dk, wzdq ;gse ftZu

rzGhosk g{ote b? ikDk ns/ thosk Gog{o nzdkia Bkb pzfd;a rkDk ns/

b?nekoh, p'b tzv nkfd feqnktK eod/ t/b/ rkfJe nkgDh ntki B{[z eJh YzrK

Bkb pDkT[D dh e'f;a;a eodk j?. ebkeko d/ eke{ frnkB d/ nkXko s/ jh

Xo[gd dh pzfd;a dk GrshwJh iK f;azrkoe Gkt gqrN j[zdk j?. fynkb ;a?bh

ftZu pzfd;a d/ GktK d/ gqrNkt/ bJh ebgBk d/ Bkb-Bkb eke{ G/dK dk gq:'r

th ;jkfJe j[zdk j?. nkbkg nzr ftZu nktki B[z{ ed/ dod - Goh, ed/ e'wb,

ed/ f;zarkoe GktK Bkb Gog{o eoe/ brkDk eke{ G/dK dk jh uwseko j?.

fynkb ;a?bh ftZu ;[o, okr, d/;a gqeko d/ eke{ gqekoK dk gq:'r j[zdk j?.

76

73 ;[GZdok u"Xoh, (ftnkfynk ns/ nB[tkd) ;akozrd/tfeqs ;zrhs osBkeo, d{ik yzv, shik nfXnkJ/,

;ab'e 16, gzBk 113 74 vkH ;[GZdok u"Xoh, (ftnkfynk ns/ nB[tkd) ;akozrd/t feqs ;zrhs osBkeo, d{ik yzv, shik nfXnkJ/,

gzBk 148 75 T[jh, gzBk 152

76 vkH wX{okBh ;a[ebk, eke{ ek ;Krhfse ftt/uB, gzBk 176-177

m[woh ;a?bh ftZu *eke{* gqkD dh soK ej/ ik ;ed/ jB feT[Ife p'bK iK ;[oK

ftZu T[sko-uVkn s'II fpBK Gkt gqrNktk eoBk ;zGt BjhI j?. eke{ dh ;jkfJsk

261

Bkb m[woh dh gd ouBk d/ w[Zy Gkt B[z{, m[woh ouBk d/ e[M w[Zy p'bK okjhA

gqrNkT[IDk nk;kB j' iKdk j?. m[woh ftZu ;[o, okr eke{ s'II fJbktk nzfBn okr

eke{ dk th gq:'r j[zdk j? feT[Ife o; T[sgZsh ns/ Gkt gqrNkt/ bJh m[woh ftZu

eJh j'o okrK d/ ;[oK dk w/b th j[zdk j?.

T[go'es fszBK ;a?bhnK ftZu f;azrko o; d/ gqarNkt/ bJh ntki dk brkt

nbZr-nbZr j?. ;EkB, T[uZkoD ns/ rsh ftZu nzso nk ikD Bkb fijVk

pdbkt nkT[Idk j? T[; s'II tZy-tZy GktK dk gqrNktk j[zdk j?.

77

f;azrko o; *osh* BK d/ ;EkJh Gkt s'II T[sgzB j[zdk j? ns/ fJ;B{[z

*T[itZb t/;akswe* :kBh fe T[itZb o{g tkbk fejk frnk j?.

;[oK B{z tZy-tZy

rkD ;a?bhnK ns/ gd ouBktk d/ o;-Gkt w[skpe Gkt[e pDkT[Dk eke{ dk ezw

j?. eke{ jh ;zrhs ftZu nkBzd gqdkB eodk j? feT[Ife fJ;d/ nkXko s/ ehsk

frnk ntki dk tZy-tZy gq:'r wB B{z S'Ij iKdk j? ns/ y[;ah fdzdk j?. XtBh

ftZu nkD tkb/ nzso fit/A fe s/i s'II jbeh, T[Zuh s'II BhthI, fwZmh s'IA e'Vh j'D

nkfd dk e'Jh ekoB j[zdk j? ns/ jo XtBh tZy-tZy Gkt bJh tosh iKdh j?.

wzdq, sko, gsbh, w'Nh, Gkoh, jbeh jo soK dh nktki dk nbZr-nbZr noE

jz[dk j?. fJ;h soK Xo[gd, fynkb, m[woh dhnK tZy-tZy ftf;nK ft;/a;aeo f;azrko

o; Gog{o pzfd;aK d/ o;-Gkt B{z nktkia d/ eke{ G/dK okjhI ;iht pDkfJnk iKdk

j?. m[woh nkfd ;a?bhnK ftZu nktkia ftZu j'e/, j{e, p/u?B j'D dk Gkt, dod s'II

T[mZD tkbh ghV nkfd dk Gkt fdykDk th eke{ T[Zs/ jh nXkos j? fijVk fe

Gkt gqrNkt/ B[z{ j'o ;gZ;aN eodk j?.

(;) BkfJe-BkfJek G/d

78

f;zrko o; d/

gqrNkt/ d/ ;w/A f;azrko ;apd s'Ia Gkt j[zdk j? - nk;tkdB ehs/ ikD tkbh osh

ns/ osh B{z G'rD tkb/ BkfJe BP{z *f;zarkoh* fejk iKdk j?.

79

;z;ko ftZu fijVh

uhia Åa[G, gftZso, s/i Gog{o iK T[itZb, do;aB eoB :'r j?, T[;B{z f;azrko dh

T[gwk fdZsh iKdh j?.

80

77 vkH ohBk e[wko, fjzd[;skBh ;zrhs ek ntb'eB, eke{ e/ nkXko go, gzBk 77

78 pkp{ bkb Å[eb ;ak;soh, fjzdh BkN;ak;so , Gkr 6, gzBk 299

79 Ujh, gzBk 299

80 Ujh, gzBk 300

f;zarko B{z *T[sZw :[t gqfeosh* fejk frnk j?. fJZE/ g[o;a

262

ns/ fJ;soh d'jK bJh T[sZw ;apd tofsnk frnk ns/ fJ; soK fJZe :[te ns/

fJZe :[tsh fwbe/ d' T[Zsw j'J/ jB. fJZE/ T[Zsw :[t dk wsbp f;oc bVe/-

bVeh dh ;aohoe ;[zdosk dk j'Dk jh BjhI j? pbfe fJ; s'II d'jK dh Gkt[esk

pko/ gsk ubdk j?. fJ;soh-g[oy d'jK d/ T[sZw Bk j'D iK BkfJe d/ Bk j'D

s/ *osh* fNe BjhI ;edh. f;zarko dk gqkD j? -;zi'r ftZu fwbBk. ;zi'r d/ ;w/A

ftSVB dk vo ns/ fti'r ftZu fwbD dh sKx pDh ofjzdh j?.

81

f;azrko o; dk Gkosh ebk, ;kfjs Bkb pVk jh Y{zxk ;zpzX j?. ebk-

;kfjs d/ jo o{g ftZu f;azrko dh S'Ij dk nfj;k; j[zdk j? feT[Ife f;azrko o;

Bkb ebktK ftZu o; dh fwnkd tZXdh j?. ;zrhs ebk sK f;azrko o; s'II fpBK

ofj jh BjhI ;edh. efjD dk Gkt fJj j? fe f;azrko o; d/ tZy-tZy gfjb{nK

dk gqrNktk ;zrhs ftZu pV/ jh GktwJh Yzr Bkb ehsk iKdk j? feT[AIfe Gkosh

;zrhs ftZu tZy-tZy gqfeosh, o; T[Zs/ nXkfos rkD ftXktK gqufbZs jB. tZy-tZy

rkD ftXktK fit/I fe Xo[gd, fynkb, m[woh ftZu th f;azrko o; dk gqrNktk

xZN-tZX o{g ftZu j[zdk fojk j?. Xo[gd d/ fJfsjkf;e fgS'IeV B{z t/yD s'II gsk

ubdk j? fe fJ; d/ nkozGe o{[g ftZu Jh;atoh rkD gqw[Zy fojk gozs{ w[rb

ekbhB okiB?fse tksktoB B/ Xo[gd ;a?bh B[{z th f;azrkoe ozr d/D dh e'f;a;a

ehsh. Xo[gd ;a?bh dhnK f;azrkoe pzfd;aK T[;/ :[Zr dh d/D jB. fynkb ;a?bh

dh sK gotfo;a jh w[rbekbhB ozrhB wkj'b ftZu j'Jh, fi; eoe/ fynkb ;a?bh

fFzrko d/

y/so ftZu fJj ;G e[M nkT[Idk j?. f;azrko d/ d' G/d jB ;zi'r ns/ ftgqbzG

f;zarko. f;zarko d/ nkbzpB BkfJe-BkfJek j[zd/ jB. ;zi'r f;azrko ftZu BkfJe-

BkfJek dk fwbB ns/ fti'r f;azrko ftZu ftS'IVk j'Dk d' nbZr-nbZr nt;EktK

jB fijBK d/ gqrNkt/ ftZu nzso B{z pVh jh nk;kBh Bkb ;wfMnk ik ;edk j?

gozs{ gq/w j'D s/ ;zG'r Bk j'D dh nt;Ek ftZu th ;zi'r f;azrko d/ fttjko

dk gqrNktk ebktK ftZu ehsk iKdk j?. BkfJe-BkfJek d/ wB ftZu gq/w j'D d/

pkti{d th fwbB Bk j'Dk nkfd, d'B' d;aktK d/ w/b Bkb pVk jh uwsekoh

gqGkt T[sgzB j[zdk j?.

81 pkp{ bkb Å[eb ;ak;soh, fjzdh BkN;ak;so, Gkr 6 - gzBk 301 - 303

263

ftZu f;azrko o; d/ Bkb -Bkb eJh o;K dk gqrNktk j'fJnk. fynkb ;a?bh dhnK

Grsh Gog{o ns/ ;z;kfoe pzfd;aK ftZu th f;zarko dk gqrNktk j?. m[woh ;a?bh

dk gkbB g';aD jh BtkpK ad/ dopkoK ftZu j'fJnk fi; eoe/ fJ; ftZu

w[rbekbhB ftbk;h tksktoB dh Mbe t/yD B{[z fwb iKdh j?. fszBK rkfJB

;a?bhnK ftZu f;azrko o; dk gqrNktk Grsh ns/ ;z;kfoe d'jK gqeko dhnK pzfd;aK

ftZu fwbdk j? gozs{ fJjBK d[nkok f;azrko o; d/ gqrNkt/ ftZu e[M w[Zy nzso

fJ; soK jB L-

Xo[gd ftZu fwbD tkbhnK Xkofwe pzfd;aK ftZu d/th-d/tfsnK dk o{g-

toBD, wjkB ftneshnK dh fto[dktbh, ;zrhse f;XKs, gqfeosh toBD Bkd

wfjwk, BkfJek G/d nkfd ft;a/ gqkgs j[zd/ jB.

gzH beFwh BkokfJD ror d[nkok T[jBK dh g[;se (fi;dk T[jBK

d[nkok fjzdh nB[tkd ehsk frnk j?) @nfGB?n dogD n"o rhs r'ftzd# ftZu

BkfJe-BkfJek dhnK tZy-tZy dFktK ns/ G/dK dk y{p;{os toBD ehsk frnk j?

fi;B{z t/y e/ w?B{z nfijk nB[Gt j[zdk j? fe okfinK-wjkokfinK dh gq;zza;k ftZu

fbyhnK rJhnK eJh Xotgd ouBktK ftZu pkd;akjK B{z *Xho'dks* BkfJe (fijVk

nkgDh gq;az;k Bk eodk j't/, wkc eoB tkbk, rzGho ;[Gkt, ;[Zy-d[Zy ftZu ;fEo

ofjD tkb/ ;[Gkn tkbk, gZek fB;au? eoB tkbk, Bwo, ;fEo iK nNb,

;[nkfGwkBh, T[dko fjod? tkbk j[zdk j?)

82

Xo[gd dhnK Xkofwe pzfd;aK, fijBK ftZu f;at ;azeo, rD/;a, ns/ eJh

d/th d/tfsnK d/ o{g, r[D, wfjwk dk toBD ehsk frnk j?, ftZu th gowkswk

tZi'I gqrNkfJnk frnk j?. w[rb

pkd;akj n'ozri/p dh gq;az;k ftZu th ;z[do Xo[gd ouBktK fwbdhnK jB, fJjBK

s'IA nzdkiak brkfJnk ik ;edk j? fe fJjBK ouBktK B{[z fbyD dk T[d/;a

pkd;akjK dh fto[dktbh, gq;za;k ns/ T[jBK s'II fJBkw ns/ uzr/ nj[Zd/ nkfd gkT[Dk

j[zdk j't/rk feT[Ife Xo[gd ftZu wjkB ftneshnK dh fto[dktbh T[Zs/ nXkos

eJh pzfd;aK fwbdhnK jB.

82 vkH be;awhBkokfJD ror, (nB[tkde) nfGB?n dogD n'o rhs r'ftzd , gzBk 53

264

B{z Xho'dks BkfJe tZi'I gqrNkfJnk frnk j? id fe dopkoh Xo[gdK ftZu Åqh

feq;aB-okXk B[z{ f;azrko d/ nkbzpB tZi'I gqrNkfJnk frnk j?. Åqh feq;aB-okXk T[Zs/

nXkos fJjBK Xotgd pzfd;aK ftZu ;aqh feq;aB ih B{z Xho'dks BkfJe j'D d/

Bkb-Bkb Xho bfbs BkfJe (noEks T[j BkfJe i' fuzsk ofjs, wX[o ;[Gkn,

j;hI-y/v B[z g;zd eoB tkbk, jw/;ak fBqs-rkB nkfd ebktK ftZu wrB ofjD

tkbk j[zdk j?)

83

ti'I do;akfJnk frnk j?. i?d/t d/ rhs r'ftzd ns/ feq;aB-okXk

T[Zs/ nkXkfos tZy-tZy Xo[gd pzfd;aK ftZu BkfJek d/ eJh G/dK dk gqrNktk j?.

fJjBK ouBktK ftZu Åaqh feq;aB ih B[z{ tZy-tZy r'ghnK Bkb ok; eod/ j'J/ ns/

fBqs-rkB ftZu wrB nt;Ek ftZu do;akfJnk frnk j? gozs{ Åqh feq;aB d/ gq/w dk

w[Zy e/Ido fpzd{ okXk ih B[z{ jh gqrN ehsk frnk j?. Åqh feq;aB ih d/ gq/w dk

;pzX okXk d/ Bkb i'fVnk frnk. fJ; soK ;aqh feq;aB ih B[z nB{e{b BkfJe (i'

BkfJe nkgDh ftnkj[sk n'os Bkb gq/w oZy/ ns/ fe;/ j'o fJ;sqh pko/ Bk ;'u/)

84

j'D d/ Bkb-Bkb def;aD BkfJe (;G BkfJektK d/ gqsh fJZe' soK dk gq/w oZyD

tkbk BkfJe fi;B{z jo BkfJek nkgDk gq/w jh ;wMdh j?)

85

Xo[gd ;a?bh ftZu fe;/ ftnesh bJh gq;za;k ;{ue ;apdktbh dk gq:'r e[M

fiankdk fwbdk j?. Xo[gd dhnK f;azrkoe pzfd;aK ftZu BkfJek d/ eJh o{g fwbd/

jB fit/I fe ;t?ehnk (fijVh ufoZsotkB, Fowhbh, gshtos fBGkT[D tkbh j't/),

nkrwgfsek (fi;dk fjod? gqhsw d/ xo tkfg; nkT[D s/ nBzd Bkb Go iKdk

j?), befFsk (fi;dk gq/w gq;zr T[;d/ beFDK s'I jh gsk ub iKdk j?), Xhok

Xhok (fijVh BkfJek o' e/ nkgD/ ngokXh gsh d/ wB ftZu gSsktk g?dk eo

fdzdh j?), nXhok (fJj BkfJek nkgD/ gsh d/ wB ftZu gSsktk g?dk eoB bJh

tZi'A th gqrNkfJnk

frnk. fiankdkso rkfJB ;a?bhnK ftZu tZy-tZy BkfJek G/d jh fwbd/ jB feT[aIfe

fJjBK ;a?bhnK dhnK pzfd;aK ftZu BkfJe w{e jh ofjzdk j? ns/ T[;d/ ;zi'r-

fti'r s'II fwbD tkb/ ;[Zy-d[Zy dk toBD th BkfJek d[nkok jh ehsk iKdk j?.

fJ; eoe/ fJjBK ;a?bhnK ftZu BkfJek G/dK dh ;zfynk e[M fiankdk j?.

83 vkH be;awhBkokfJD ror, (nB[tkde) nfGB?n dogD n'o rhs r'ftzd, 53

84 Ujh, gzBk 54

85 Ujh, gzBk 54

265

e"V/ p'b p'bdh j?), Xhok (fJj BkfJek pVh ;fjisk ns/ y[Fh Bkb nkgD/ gsh

d/ wB ftZu T[;dh ehsh fe;/ rbsh bJh gSsktk g?dk eodh j?), yzfvsk

(fijVh nkgD/ gsh d/ fe;/ j'o n"os Bkb ;zi'r eoB s'I fwb/ fuzBK B{z t/ydh

j? ns/ nkgD/ gsh d/ ;t/o/ xo tkg; nkT[D s/ r[Z;k eodh j?), ft:'frBh ns/

gkt; ft:'frBh (noEks gsh d/ fti'r ftZu sVgdh BkfJek dhnK tZy-tZy

nt;EktK) nkfd. okXk feq;aB Bkb ;pzfXs pzfd;aK ftZu BkfJektK d' soK dhnK

jB - ;t?ehnk ns/ goehnk. okXk ftZu ;t?ehnk-goehnk d't/I o{g fdykJh fdzd/

jB id fe okXk s'II S[ZN pkeh ;G r'ghnK goehnk iK gokJh jB. ;t?ehnk

Bkb'I goehnk o{g ftZu fiankdk nkBzd gqrNkfJnk frnk j? gozs{ ;{odk; B/ ok;

gqeoD ftZu okXk feq;aB dk rzXot ftnkj eok e/ okXk B{z ;t?fenk BkfJek d/

o{g ftZu gqrNkfJnk.

86

T[go'es toBD d/ nkXko s/ fejk ik ;edk j? fe Xo[gd d/ f;azrkoe

o{g ftZu BkfJek d/ ;t?ehnk, goehnk, wZfXnk (f;azrko ;ak;so dh frnksk)

87

,

yzfvsk (gsh d/ fe;/ j'o BkfJek e'b ikD ns/ gq/w ;{ue fuzBK B{[z t/y e/ r[Z;k

eoB tkbh)

88

Xo[gd s'II pknd fynkb ;a?bh dhnK pzfd;aK ftZu ftgqbzG f;azrko, eo[Dk,

;aKs, Grsh o; T[Zs/ nXkfos pzfd;aK fbfynK rJhnK. fJjBK ftZu fJ;soh d/

wB d/ GktK dk gqrNktk Xo[gd ;a?bh d/ gqrNkt/ Bkb'I e[M fiankdk ;gZ;aN ehsk

frnk j?. Xo[gd ftZu BkfJe d[nkok BkfJek dh y{p;{osh dk fuZsoD pV/ jh

T[sZw ;apdK ftZu ehsk frnk feT[Ife fJ; rkfJB ;a?bh ftZu okfinK-wjkokfinK d/

r[DrkB, d/th-d/tfsnK, Bkd wfjwk nkfd dh wfjwk dk rkD j[zdk ;h , fJ;

eoe/ fJ;d/ bJh nktkia ftZu n'ia (thosk dk Gkt) dh iao{os j[zdh j?. j'

;edk j? fJ;/ eoe/ fJ; ;a?bh dk ;zpzX g[o;a rkfJeK Bkb fiankdk fojk feT[Ife

g[o;aK dh nktkia ;[Gkte s"o s/ rzGho j[zdh j?. fi;B{[z eke{ G/dK Bkb e[M j'o

nkfd BkfJektK dk fuZsoD ehsk frnk j?.

86 vkH wBw'jB r"sw, (;zgkde-ftnkfynkeko), ;kfjs: bfjoh, gzBk 54-55 87 be;awh BkokfJD ror, (nB[tkde) nfGB?n dogD n"o rhs r'ftzd, gzBk 56 88 Ujh ,gzBk 61

266

rzGho iK e'Jh th o{g ftZu pDkfJnk ik ;edk j?. rzGho ftf;anK s'II jZN e/

Xo[gd ;a?bh ftZu f;azrko o; d/ fi; o{g dk gqrNktk ehsk frnk j? T[; Bt/I

o{g ftZu th Xo[gd d/ g[oksB s/iwJh o{g, T[sZw ;apdK Bkb fto[dktbh, o{g-

r[D-wfjwk dk toBD nkfd ft;/a;asktK dk gqGkt fdydk j?. fJ; eoe/ Xo[gd d/

f;azrkowJh o{g ftZu BkfJek d/ nfsnzs Gkt[e fjod? dk toBD BjhI fwbdk.

Xo[gd dh BkfJek ftZu th d?th o{g dk toBD jh fwbdk j?.

fynkb ;a?bh dhnK pzfd;aK d/ eJh ft;a/ jB fijBK ftZu gq'f;asgfsek

(fijVh BkfJek gsh d/ god/;a ub/ ikD s/ fpojk ftZu f;azrko BjhI eodh),

yzfvsk (fijVh BkfJek gsh d/ fe;/ j'o fJ;soh Bkb gq/w eoB ns/ gq/w fuzBK B{z

t/y e/ r[Z;k eodh j?), tk;e;Zik (;[zdo GtB ftZu nkgDh ;j/bhnK d[nkok ;zG'r

f;azrko bJh fsnko j[zdh BkfJek), nfG;kfoek (fijVh fJ;soh ekw Bkb ghfVs

j' e/, ;ki-;iktN SZv e/, fwbB tkbh irK T[Zs/ ik e/ BkfJe B{z p[bkT[Idh j?),

gqts;Z:gfsek (fijVh Bkfjek gqhsw d/ god/; ikD dh ypo ;[D e/ ftnke[b

j[zdh j?), nkrwgfsek (fijVh BkfJek dk wB gqhsw d/ xo tkg; nkT[D dh

ypo ;[D e/ y[;ah Bkb Go iKdk j?)

89

89 vkH be;awh BkokfJD ror,(nB[tkde) nfGB?n dogD n"o rhs r'ftzd, gzBk 61-62

fynkb dh BkfJek ftZu ;t?ehnk (nkgDh)

BkfJek fiankdk gqrNkJh rJh j? feT[Ife fJ; ftZu BkfJek nkgD/ gsh -gq/wh

nkfd d/ fe;/ d{ih n"os Bkb ;pzX j'D pko/ nB[wkB, ;aZe p[Ddh ofjzdh j? ns/

nkgD/ BkfJe B{z fe;/ go fJ;soh e'b j'D pko/ skB/ fdzdh j?, Bkokiarh isKdh

j?. nkgD/ wB d/ GktK B{z T[j nkgDh ;yhnK, w'o, ukse, e'fJb nkfd gzShnK,

tZy-tZy gqfeose t;sK fitI/A fe pZdb, fpibh, whIj, nkfd T[Zs/ iakfjo eodh j?

ns/ fJjBK B{z nkgD/ gsh Bkb ehs/ ;zi'r-fti'r dhnK rZbK pV/ jh GktwJh

Yzr Bkb dZ;dh j?. gqfeose uhiaK Bkb fJ; soK dk Gkt gqrNktk b"fee

;kfjs, ebk ftZu th j[zdk j? ns/ ;kv/ gqkuhB ;kfjs ftZu th fwbdk j?. fynkb

;a?bh ftZu fJ; soK dk gqrNktk o;-f;oiDk d/ BiaohJ/ s'II ehsk frnk j?.

fynkb dh BkfJek p/jZd ;z[do j[zdh j? gozs{ T[; ftZu Xo[gd dh BkfJek tkb/

d?th r[D BjhI j[zd/ ns/ Bk jh fynkb dh BkfJek dh gq;az;k bJh T[Zu e'fN d/

267

;kfjse ns/ T[gwk Go/ ;apdK dk fiankdk gq:'r ehsk iKdk j?. fynkb dh

BkfJek e'wb nzrK tkbh j?, d?th r[DK Bkb Gog{o BjhI j?. T[dkjoD L-

(fynkb F?bh dh fJZe ouBk ftZu BkfJek dk o{g toBD)

;EkJh - r'o/ w[y ;' w'o/ wB Gkt/

b[eS[g do;aB nsh jh ;[jkt/.

nzsok - B:B fwqr ;w uzdqw[yh pdB.

90

fBekJh e" Gko" Go:" oh gbk HHHHHHHHHHHHHHo{g ebk.

ewb nsh ;dkozr wB SKvt/.

(Xo[gd ;a?bh dh fJZe ouBk ftZu BkfJek dk o{g toBD)

s[t w[Zy n"o uzdqwk ftozu s[bkekoh s'Ib:",

n'S" nek; r:", M[fe XoBh ofj:"

91

fJ; soK fynkb ftZu BkfJektK d/ eJh o{gK dk fuZsoD ehsk frnk.

m[woh ;a?bh dh BkfJek, fynkb dh BkfJek dh soK nkgD/ wB d/ GktK Bz{ fe;/

wfonkdk ftZu ofj e/ BjhA gqrNkT[Idh pbfe fJ;dh BkfJek nkgDh fJZe rZb Bz{

eJh YzrK Bkb rk e/, GktK d/ Bkb gqrNkT[Idh j?. GktK dk wjZst jo/e ebk

bJh j[zdk j? gozs{ Gkt gqdo;aB, m[woh ;a?bh dk ft;aa/;a bZe;aD j?. m[woh ftZu

fJ;soh d/ wB dhnK f;azrkoe GktBktK, ;zi'r-fti'r f;zarko dk toBD ehsk

iKdk j? i' fe pj[s jh ekw[e iK o'wKfNe j[zdk j?. fJ; ftZu eJh Gk;aktK d/

;apdK dk w/b ehsk iKdk j?. m[woh ftZu tk;e;Zik, ftoj'sezfmsk (fJjBK dk

toBD fynkb ;a?bh d/ ;pzX ftZu th ehsk frnk j?), ;tkXhB gfsek (fi;d/

ftZu osh r[DK d/ j'D eoe/ T[;dk gq/wh T[;B[{z BjhI SZvdk, nfijh ftbk;wJh

BkfJek), ebjKsfosk (fijVh gfjbK sK gsh dh p/fJiZsh eodh j? ns/ T[; d/

ub/ ikD s'II pknd gSsKdh j?)

92

90 gzH Gksyzv/, eqfwe g[;se wkfbek, Gkr - 3, gzBk 576

91 gqG{fdnkb whsb, (;zrqfj) ;zrhs ;wokN skB;/B, ihtBh n"o ouBkJ/AI, gzBk 102

92 vkH be;awh BkokfJD ror,_ (nB[tkd) nfGB?n dogD n'o rhs r'ftzd, gzBk 61-62

, yzfvsk- r[gsyzfvsk (gsh d/ d{ih n"os d/

268

Bkb j'D ns/ ;t/o xo tkfg; nkT[D s/ gq/w fuzBk B{z t/y e/ gsh Bkb Bkoki

j'D tkbh BkfJek B{z yzfvsk efjzd/ jB, r[gs yzfvsk BkfJek nkgDh Bkokiarh B[z

wB jh wB ftZu oZydh j? ns/ eq'fXs j[zdh j?) -fJZe T[dkjoD r[gs yzfvsk

BkfJek

;EkJh - w'o/ eowtK w/ :kjhI fbyk, j' okik,

93

(gq'f;asgfsek BkfJek T[j j[zdh j? fijVh gsh d/ god/;a ikD s/ fpojk

Bkb p/u?B j[zdh j? ns/ fµzrko nkfd B{z fsnkr fdzdh j? gozs{ gq'f;asgfsek dh

g{ot nt;Ek s'II Gkt fJj fbnk ik ;edk j? fe BkfJek gqhsw d/ ub/ ikD s/

p/u?B sK j[zdh j? gozs{ f;zarko B{z fsnkrdh BjhI feT[Ife m[woh dk o{g jh

fµzrkowJh BkfJek Bkb ;gZ;aN j[zdk j?. fti'r dh p/u?Bh ftZu fti'rB dk o{g

XkoB Bkb BkfJek d/ y{p;{os o{g ftZu f;zarko Gkt dh EK s/ p?okr Gkt :kBh

fe o[Zy/gB dk gqrNktk j'D dk vo j[zdk j?, fJ; eoe/ fti'r ftZu th f;zzarko

dh fwnkd xZN BjhI ehsh ik ;edh), nfG;kfoek BkfJek dk fiaeo fynkb ;a?bh

ftZu th fwbdk j?, nfrnks ns/ frnks :'tBk (fijVh BkfJek B{z nkgD/

nbjVgB ftZu o{g-i'pB dk ns/ :[tsh j' ikD dk gsk jh BjhI ubdk ns/

T[j nkgD/ ihtB ftZu nk oj/ pdbktK dk ekoB BjhI ;wM gkT[Idh T[;Bz{

nfrnks :'tBk BkfJek efjzd/ jB. fJ; s'II T[bN fi; BkfJek B{z nkgD/ o{g,

i'pB, itkBh dk frnkB j[zdk j? ns/ fijVh nkgD/ ihtB ftZu nk oj/ Bt/ ABt/I

y{p;{os pdbktK dk nkBzd wkDdh j? T[;B[z frnks :'tBk efjzd/ jB.

eo b/ ;tshnk (:kBh fe ;'sB) ;/ gqhs..

nzsok - ijK ojh:' okik e[;ab ;/ ojh:'.

w'o/ f;zd[otk e/ Gkr, j' okik

eo b/ ;tshnk ;/ ghqs..

ftgqbpZXk (fijVh BkfJek nkgD/ gqhsw B{z fwbB tkbh irK T[Zs/ Bk t/y e/ d[Zyh

j[zdh j?), gq'f;asgfsek BkfJek dh gfjbh nt;Ek

94

93 vkH ;aso[xB ;a[eb, m[woh eh T[sgZsh, ftek; n"o ;a?bhnK, gzBk 216

94 vkH be;awh BkokfJD ror, (nB[tkd) nfGB?n dogD n"o rhs r'ftzd, gzBk 57

fJ; s'II

269

fJbktk okXk-feq;aB gq/w, S/VSkV nkfd T[Zs/ nXkos pzfd;aK ftZu µqh feqµB ih Bz{

Xho bfbs (fB;afuzs, wX[o ;[Gkn, j;hI wike eoB tkbk, fBqs-rhs ftZu wrB

ofjD tkb/ BkfJe) BkfJe tZi'I doµfkJnk frnk j?. fynkb, m[woh dhnK pzfd;aK

ftZu j'bh, p;zs, toyk nkfd o[ZsK d/ toBD Bkb ;pzfXs pzfd;aK th fwbdhnK

jB. jo/e rkfJB ;a?bh d/ ;[Gkn w[skpe fJjBK pzfd;aK ftZu f;azrko o; B[z{

gqarNkfJnk frnk j?.

f;ZNkL-

Xo[gd, fynkb, m[woh d/ T[go'es ;zg{oB s[bBkswe nfXn?B d/ nkXko

T[&Zs/ fejk ik ;edk j? fe Xo[gd, fynkb ns/ m[woh fszB'A ;a?bhnK ftZu f;zzarko

o; dk gqrNtktk fJjBK rkfJB ;a?bhnK d/ ;[Gkn w[skpe ehsk frnk j?.

jkbKfe fJjBK ;a?bhnK ftZu ouhnK rJhnK eJh pzfd;aK ftZu fJ;soh d/ µohoe

nzrK, o{g-;z[dosk dk GZdk iK nB[fus toBD th ehsk frnk i' fe f;zzarko o;

d/ dkfjo/ s'II pkjo dk fejk ik ;edk j? feT[Ife Gkosh ;kfjs, ebk-;z;feqsh

ftZu f;azrko o; dh j'Id pj[s g[okDh j? ns/ ;kfjs ebk ftZu fJ; B{z fpnkB

eoB ;pzXh f;XksK dk rmB th ehsk frnk j?. fJjBK o; f;XKsk d/ dkfjo/

ftZu ehsk frnk toBD ;wki d[nkok ngBkJ/ ik ;eD tkbk j[zdk j? idfe

f;azrko o; d/ gqrNkt/ ftZu ;[szsosk dk rbs gq:'r eoB Bkb fµzrko o;

gqrNkt/ d/ o{g ftZu ftrkV nk iKdk j?. tZy-tZy rkD ;a?bhnK ftZu fwbD

tkbhnK nB[fus pzfd;aK w[rb ekb dh okiBhfse, ;wkfie gfo;fEshnK dk f;ZNk

j' ;edhnK jB. Xo[gd , fynkb, m[woh fszB' ;a?bhnK Gkosh ;zrhs dhnK w[Zy

;a?bhnK jB ns/ fJjBK d[nkok Bt o;K ftZu'II ;op'sw ej/ ikD tkb/ f;zzarko o;

dk gqrNktk py{ph ehsk frnk j?. f;azrko o; dh S'Ij fJjBK ;a?bhnK dhnK

Xkofwe pzfd;aK ftZu th fwbdh j?. f;ZN/ tZi'A fejk ik ;edk j? fe f;azrko o;

T[sZw, nfs-T[sZw, ;op'sw fJjBK fszB o{gK ftZu m[woh, fynkb ns/ Xo[gd ;a?bh

ftZu ;wkfJnk j'fJnk j?. efjD dk Gkt j? fJj j? fe Xo[gd µ?bh ftZu

fµzrko o; dk gqrNktk (Gkt/I T[j GrshwJh iK ;z;koe fµzrko j't/) ™T[sZw´ j?

idfe fynkb µ?bh ftZu fµzrko o; dk o{g ™nfs-T[sZw´ fejk ik ;edk j? ns/

270

m[woh ftZu fµzrko o; dk gq:'r ™;op'sw´ j?. fJjBK fszBK F?bhnK d[nkok

gqrNkJ/ fFzrko o; d/ gqrNkt/ ftubh tzB-;[tzBsk jh Gkosh ;zrhs B{z ftbZyDk

ns/ y{p;{osh gqdkB eodh j?.

271

Xo[gd ftZu ;[o, b?n, skb dh Xo[tsk iK nNbsk eoe/ fJ;dk ;to{g fe;/

;XkoD rkB F?bh dh soK Bjha bZrdk pbfe fJj F?bh nkgDh o{g o/yk, ;kfjs,

ndkfJrh d/ gZy'I d?th r[DK Bkb Gog{o gqshs j[zdh j? . fJ; F?bh ftzu ;z;koe

BkfJe-BkfJek d/ o{g r[D Bkb ;zpzXs fFzrkoe ftF/, osh toBD ns/ eJh j'o

ozie ftfFnK T[Zs/ nkXkos ;kfjs th ofunk frnk j? . Xo[gd d/ d?th o{g dk

gqGkt fJ;d/ ;z;koe fFzrko toBDK ftZu th t/fynk iKdk j/ . Xo[gd dk

;z;koe fFzrko toBD fe;/ ;XkoB Bo-Bkoh dk fFzrko toBD Bjha bZrdk

f;ZN/ ns/ ;EkgBktK

Xo[gd, fyankb ns/ m[woh B{z fjzd[;skBh ;zrhs dhnK fszB gqw[Zy rkfJB

F?bhnK tZi'I ;theko ehsk iKdk j?. Xo[gd F?bh dk o{g T[Zu Fk;soh fB:wK ns/

Xkofwe GktBktK Bkb Gog{o j[zdk j? . fJ; F?bh ftZu ;z;koe ftfFnK dh

uouk xZN ehsh iKdh j? id fe d/th d/tfsnK, okfinK-wjkokfinK d/ o{g-r[D

dk T[gwk Gog{o toBD fiankdk ehsk iKdk j? .nkgD/ g[okD/ F[ZX o{g ftZu

Xo[gd F?bh w[rb dopko dh ;z;feqsh ns/ gqrNkt/ s'I pj[s d{o ;h. Xo[gd d/

g[okD/ ns/ F[ZX o{g ftZu fJ;atoh r[DrkB jh w[Zy j[zdk ;h gozs{ dopkoh ;z;feqsh

s'IA_ gqGkfts j' e/ Xo[gd ;a?bh ftZu th f;azrkoe pzfd;aK dh ouBk j'Jh, fJjBK

pzfd;aK dh Gk;ak T[&Zu e'Nh dh j? . fJj ;a?bh r[DhnK d[nkok rkJh ikD tkbh

ns/ nZr'_A r[DhnK d[nkok jh ;wMh ikD tkbh ;a?bh ;h ns/ w[rb dopko d/

T[&Zu/ ofjD-;fjD d/ w[skpe ;h . Xo[gd dh ;zrsh bJh efmB skb, thDk

tkdB ns/ Xo[gd fBqs d/ toBD th fwbd/ jB . fJ; s'II fJj nzdkiak

brkfJnk ik ;edk j? fe T[; ;w/A_ Xo[gd s'II T[sgzB j'J/ f;azrko o; B[z{ ;wMD

iK T[;dk nBzd b?D bJh th ;zrhse frnkB dk j'Dk iao{oh j[zdk ;h fi; eoe/

nkw b'eK ftZu fJ; ;a?bh dk gquko BjhI j' ;fenk . T[; ekb dhnK f;azrkoe

gfo;fEshnK d/ ekoB Xo[gd ftZu f;azrko o; dk gqrNktk j'fJnk gozs{ Xo[gd

ftZu GrshwJh f;azrko o{g jh fiankdk gqpb fojk ns/ Xo[gd dk ;z;koe f;azrko

;EkJh o{g ftZu Bjh__ ofj ;fenk . fJ;d/ pkti{d th Xo[gd d/ ;kfjs ftZu

eJh f;zarkoe ouBktK gqkgs j[zdhnK jB.

272

pbfe fe;/ nsh ;[zdo d?th r[DK Bkb Gog{o Bo-Bkoh dk fFzrko toBD gqshs

j[zdk j? . fJ; toBD ftZu fijBK T[Zu e'Nh d/ ;kfjZse FpdK ns/ T[gwktK

(;zfrnktK) dk gq:'r ehsk frnk j?, T[; soK dk gqrNktk fyankb ns/ m[woh

dhnK ouBktK ftZu BjhI fwbdk . jkbKfe fyankb F?bh dhnK eJh ouBktK ftZu

;[zdo pqi GkFkJh FpdK dk gq:'r th ehsk iKdk j? gozs{ fJj Fpdktbh Xo[gd

F?bh d/ ;wkB gfoFfeqs ns/ T[&Zue'Nh dh BjhI j[zdh .

fJ; soK Xo[gd F?bh ftZu fFzrko o; dk toBD ;z;koe, Xkowe, o[ZsK

nkfd d/ toBDK d/ o{g ftZu ehsk frnk j? . Xo[gd F?bh d/ jo o{g ftZu

(Gkt/I T[j Xkowe j't/ iK ;z;koe ftfFnK T[Zs/ nXkos j't/) T[;dh ;kfjZse

;[jisk ns/ Fk;soh ohsh dk gkbB ehsk iKdk j? . b'eK d/ wB goukt/ bJh

fJ; F?bh d/ ;to{g Bkb S/VSkV BjhI ehsh ik ;edh. FkfJd fJ;/ ekoB fJ;

F?bh ftZu BkfJe-BkfJek G/d ns/ fFzrko dhnK T[sZw pzfdFK fwbdhnK jB ns/

T[jBK B{[z th Xo[gd dh gozgokrs ohs Bkb jh fpBK fe;/ pdbkt s'I rkfJnk

iKdk j? . ftF/ Gkt/I fezB/ jh o'ue j'D gozs{ Xo[gd d/ fB:wK ftZu e'Jh Yhb

Bjha tosh iKdh .

ftek; eqw dh fdqFNh s'I Xo[gd F?bh s'I pknd ;zrhs ftZu fyankb F?bh

dk gquko j'fJnk. fynkb ftZu f;azrko o; d/ d'jK o{gK ;zi'r-fti'r f;azrko,

Grsh ns/ eo[D o; s'IA_ b? e/ ftnkj ;zpzXh, o[ZsK ;zpzXh, gqqfeosh, ;zrhse sZsK

pko/ eJh pzfd;aK jB . fynkb dk f;azrko Xo[gd ;a?bh Bkb'I ;[szso j?, fJ; ftZu

BkfJek nkgD/ BkfJe dh f;oc f;cs jh Bjh_ eodh pbfe T[; Bkb o[Zmdh-

wBkT[_dh, f;aekfJs eodh, gq/w dhnK rZbK eodh, osh dk ;[Zy G'rdh th do;kJh

iKdh j? . fJ; ;a?bh ftZu n"os e/tb fJZe gq;za;k ;{ue t;s{ Bk j' e/ nkgD/

wB d/ gq/w ;zpzXh GktK dk fpnkB th eodh j? i' fe Xo[gd ;a?bh s'I_ fiankdk

;gZ;aN j?.m[woh, fynkb ;a?bh ftZu BkfJek d[nkok gqrNkJ/ rJ/ wB d/ GktK ns/

T[; ftZu fSg/ r{V noE B[z{ fJZe nkfJB/ dh soK ;gZ;aN eo fdzdh j? . fynkb

ftZu fJZe BkfJek-BkfJe dh ;zi'r-fti'r nt;Ek dk toBD fJZe ;hwk ftZu ofj

e/ ehsk iKdk j? . fJ; pzXB iK ;hwktK B[z{ m[woh ;a?bh dk Gkt gqdo;aB pVh

jh e'wbsk Bkb y'b fdzdk j? .

273

fFzrko o; dk T[j ;[szso gqrNktk i' fe Xo[gd F?bh ftZu BjhI j'

;edk ;h, dk gqdoFB fyankb F?bh ftZu ehsk frnk . n;b ftZu fJ;B{z n;hI

wB[Zy dh n"yhnkJh s'I ;"yhnkJh tZb ikD dh gqftosh tZi'I ;wM ;ed/ jK .

fyankb d/ ;to{g ftZu fFzrko o; d/ tZy-2 gfjb{nK dk ;[szso gqrNktk GkFktK

ftZu eoBk ;zGt ;h . fJ;dh ;ob GkFk ns/ fB:wK gZy'I ;obsk pkdFkjK B{[z

nkBzds eoB d/ Bkb-Bkb T[jBK dh ekw[e gqftosh B[z{ th T[sFkfjs eodh ;h.

f;ZN/ tZi'I fyankb F?bh ftZu fFzrko d/ jo gfjb{ B{z gqrNkfJnk frnk. fJ; F?bh

dhnK pzfdFK eJh GkFktK pqi, ntXh, gzikph, fjzdh, T[od{ nkfd ftZu ouhnK

rJhnK. nZieb fyankb F?bh dk jh gqubB j? . fJ;d/ ;kfjs ftZu fdB'-fdB

tkXk j' fojk j? ns/ tZy-tZy ftdtkBK d[nkok ;w/A-;w/AI s/ fyankb dhnK eJh

BthnK pzfdFK th ouhnK rJhnK jB . fJ; F?bh ftZu @ebgBk# dk wjZst j[zdk

j?. @ebgBk# dh ;jkfJsk Bkb jh fJZe ebkeko fyankb ftZu tZy-tZy ftfFnK B{[z

y{p;{osh Bkb gqrNk ;edk j?. fJ; eoe/ fJ; F?bh ftZu ;zi'r-fti'r s'I nbktk

th eJh ftF/ fwbd/ jB.

fyankb F?bh okjhI fFzrko d/ ;zi'r-fti'r o{gK dk e'wb gqrNktk j[zdk j?.

fJ;dh fFzrko nfGftnesh ftZu ;[szsosk sK j[zdh j? gozs{ fJj ;[szsosk m[woh

F?bh dh fFzrko nfGftnesh s'I xZN j[zdh j?. fyankb F?bh ftZu m[woh dh soK

e/tb ekw fJZSktK dk fJiajko jh BjhA j[zdk pbfe fJ; ftZu BkfJek B[z{ ;zi'r

d/ ;[Zy ftZu y[FhnK wBKdh, fti'r ftZu ftbkg eodh ns/ fJ; ;zi'r-fti'r

fFzrko s'I fwb/ ;[Zy-d[Zy B{z eJh soK Bkb gqrNkT[Idh fdykfJnk iKdk j?. fyankb

F?bh dk y/so pj[s ftFkb j[zdk j? ns/ fJ;d/ ftfFnK dh ;zfynk th tZvh j?.

@ebgBk# dk wjZst ns/ b?n dh ftftXsk j'D eoe/ fJ; ftZu ;zi'r-fti'r d/

fe;/ fJZe S'N/ fij/ gfjb{ B{[z th pj[s ;gZFN ns/ e'wb Yzr Bkb gq;s[s ehsk

ik ;edk j?. fJ; s'I fwbD tkbk nkBzd wB dhnK fFzrkoe GktBktK B{[z

e'wbsk Bkb S'j iKdk j?. fFzrko dk fJj gqrNktk ekw[e BjhI j[zdk.

fyankb F?bh s'I pknd m[woh F?bh nfsnzs ftbZyDsk Goh F?bh j?.

fJ; F?bh dk w[Zy o; @fFzrko# j?. fjzd[;skBh ;zrhs ftZu fFzrko o; dk ;G s'I

tZX gqrNktk m[woh F?bh okjhI ehsk iKdk j?. m[woh fJ;soh d/ wB d/ ;{yw s'II

274

;{yw GktK dk gqrNktk eo ;eD ftZu ;woE j?, fJ; eoe/ fJ; ;?abh ftZu

f;zzarko dhnK ;G s'II tZX pzfd;aK fwbdhnK jB. fynkb dh jh soK m[woh d/

;kfjs ftZu th fJ;soh iK BkfJek, d[nkok ;zi'r-fti'r f;zarko, o[ZmDk-wBkT[Dk,

S/VSkV nkfd dhnK nt;EktK dh ikDekoh fdZsh iKdh j? gos[z m[woh ftZu

f;zarko dh ;zi'r-fti'r nt;Ek d"okB ;aohoe gqGkt iK ;aoho d/ nzrk T[&Zs/ gJ/

gqGktK dk pVk jh ;iht toBD ehsk iKdk j?, fijVk fe fynkb ;?abh s'II th

tZX ;gZ;aN j[zdk j?. fJ; ;?abh dhnK pzfd;aK ftZu BkfJe dh w"i{drh dk nfj;k;

th BkfJek jh eotkT[Idh j? feT[Ife pzfd;a ftZu BkfJe r"D o{g ftZu jh j[zdk

j?.

gfjbK m[woh dk gqubB g/F/to BosehnK ftZu fojk fi;d/ f;ZN/ tZi'I

fJ; ftZu fFzrkoe FpdK dk e[M fiankdk nkeoFe YzrK Bkb gq:'r ehsk iKdk

j?. m[woh fFzrko o; dk ;[szso gqrNktk j?. fFzrko o; d/ gqrNkt/ dh

;[szsosk fyankb ftZu th j[zdh j? gozs{ m[woh F?bh d/ gqrNkt/ ftZu ekw[e fJZSktK

dk gqdoFB fiankdk j[zdk j? .fe;/ ;w/I ftZu m[woh B{[z (nKfre nfGB?n) nzrK d/

gqdoFB Bkb, BZu e/ rkfJnk iKdk ;h. fJ; soK dk gqdoFB t/fFnktK d[nkok

ehsk iKdk ;h gozs{ nZieb fJ; B[z{ fBqs dh ;zrsj s'I pr?o th rkfJnk iKdk

j?. fBaqs dh ;zrsh s'I fpBK th fJ; F?bh ftZu fFzrko d/ ;{yw gfjb{nK, Fohoe

e'wb nzdkia ns/ ndktK dk osh g{oB gqrNktk eoB dh Fesh j[zdh j?.fJ;

F?bh ftzu Xo[gd, fyankb, NZgk, b'erhsK dhnK ftF/FsktK fJZe' EK s/ fwb

iKdhnK jB fi; eoe/ fJ; F?bh ftZu fFzrko o; dh ;G s'I tZX nfGftnesh

;zGt j[zdh j?. fJ; soQK Xo[gd, fynkb ns/ m[woh ;?abh okjhI Grsh wJh ns/

;z;koh d'jK soK d/ f;zarko dk gqrNktk ehsk frnk j?. Xo[gd ftZu T[&Zu e'Nh

dk ;fjs ns/ skb nkfd d/ fB:w j'D eoe/ f;zarko nkgD/ d?th o{g ftZu gqrN

j[zdk j? idfe fynkb ftZu fiankdk T[gwk Gog{o ;apd Bk j'D eoe/ f;zarko dk

;XkoD ns/ e'wb o{g gqrN j[zdk j?. m[woh ftZu tZy-2 b'eGk;aktK d/ o;hb/ ns/

uzub noEK tkb/ ;apdK dk gq:'r j'D eoe/, m[woh s'II f;azrko o; dk fijVk

o{g T[gidk j?, T[j ekw[e j[zdk j? ns/ T[; ftZu f;zarko dk fBMZe toBD jz[dk

j?.

275

µk;soh ;zrhs ftZu Xo[gd s'II fynkb ns/ fynkb dh soKQ m[woh µ?bh dh

T[sgZsh j'Dk fJZe wB[Zy d/ pdbd/ ofjD tkb/ o[M/ftnK dk ;p{s j?. tZy-tZy

ntZ;EktK ftZu wB[Zyh wB tZy-tZy soQK d/ ;zrhs Bz{ ;[DBk g;zd eodk j?. wB[Zyh

gqftosh dh fJj Skg ;zrhs ftZu th fdykJh fdzdh j?. wZX ekb ftZu Xo[gd

rkfJB µ?bh dk ubB ;h, fi; ftZu ;[o, skb, ;kfjs dh ftbZyDsk j[zdh ;h.

T[; s'II pknd fynkb dk gquko tfXnk fi; ftZu ebgBk dk wjZst ;h ns/

Bkb jh Bkb byBT{ d/ dopkoK ftZu m[woh dk ubB j'fJnk, fi; ftZu Gkt

gqdoµB dk wjZst ;h. fszBk µ?bhnK dhnK pzfdµK ftZu pqi Gkµk i' fe fJZe

fwZmh p'bh j? dk gq:'r ehsk frnk j?. y'i ekoi ftZu Xo[gd, fynkb, m[woh

dhnK eJh pzfdµK d/ T[dkjoB fdZs/ rJ/ jB fijBK ftZu pqi Gkµk dk gq:'r

ehsk frnk j? ns/ fJjBK ftZu okXk-feqFB B{z fµzrko d/ nkbzpB tZi'I gqrNkfJnk

frnk j? . fszBK µ?bhnK bJh T[jBK d/ ;[Gkn w[skpe jh okr, skb, ;[o-;ztkd,

;kfjs, dh ;jh u'D eoe/ fµzrko o; dk gqrNktk ehsk iKdk j?.

T[go'es fszBK F?bhnK ftZu fFzrko o; dk gqrNktk j[zdk j? feT[Afe fFzrko

o; dh S{jD s'I pr?o fe;/ th ekft, ;kfjs, ebk ftZu o; T[sgzB BjhI j'

;edk. Xo[gd dh Grsh ftZu fFzrko j? ns/ fyankb, m[woh dh BkfJek dk jo

t/b/ nkgD/ BkfJe bJh p/u?B ofjDk Grsh dh T[; nt;Ek dh soQK j? fi;

ftZu fJZe Grs nkgD/ gowkswk d/ doFBK bJh ns/ T[;dh gqkgsh bJh p/u?B

j[zdk j?. T[j gowkswk d/ fwbD s/ ;[Zy ns/ T[;d/ Bk fwbD dh nt;Ek ftzu

sVgdk j?.fJ; soK ;zrhs ftZu Xo[gd, fyankb, m[woh nkfd e'Jh th F?bh

fFzrko s'I ;ZyDh BjhI j?. fszB'I F?bhnK fFzrko o; B{z nkgD/ tZy-tZy nzdkia ftZu

gqrNKdhnK jB.fFzrko o; d/ nfsnzs e'wb gZyK B[z{ th fJjBK F?bhnK ftZu

gqrNkfJnk iKdk j? gozs{ fJ; bJh fJjBK F?bhnK dhnK nkgDhnK-nkgDhnK

;hwktK dk gkbB ehsk iKdk j?. nkgDhnK-nkgDhnK wfonkdktK ftZu ofj e/

fFzrko o; iK fe;/ j'o o; dk tZy-tZy gqrNktk eoBk fJjBK F?bhnK dh

276

ftF/Fsk j?. jo fJZe F?bh dh nbZr-nbZr gqfeosh ns/ ndkfJrh Gkosh ;zrhs

B[z{ ftbZyD pDKdh j?. fJ; ftbZyDsk ftZu jh Gkosh ;zrhs dh y{p;{osh j?.

Gkosh ;zrhs d/ GftZy B{[z ;[oZfyns oZyD bJh fJjBK F?bhnK dh

ftbZyDsk B[z{ pDkJ/ oZyDk }o{oh j? . fe;/ fJZe F?bh s'I nfGftnes j'D tkbk

fFzrko o; fe;/ d{ih F?bh dh fFzrko nfGftnesh s'I nbZr feT[I j? ns/ fJ;d/

fejV/-fejV/ nXko jB, fJjBK sZEK B[z{ ;wMD bJh fJjBK F?bhnK d/ gozgokrs

o{g B{z ;[oZfyns oZyD dh b'V j?. nfijk eoBk fJ; eoe/ th }o{oh j? sK fe

Xo[gd ftZu fyankb ns/ fyankb ftZu m[woh dh x[;g?m B{[z o'fenk ik ;e/.

nkX[fBe :[zr ftZu ;zrhs d/ y/so ftZu Bt/I-Bt/I eqKshekoh gq:'r j'

oj/jB. Bt/I-Bt/I fJb?eNqkfBe T[geoBK d/ Jhikd j'D Bkb g[okD/ ;kiK dh o{g

o/yk B[z{ ;wMD, T[jBK B{z nkgD/ nkg fwjBs Bkb ;[o eoB ns/ T[;dh nK; d/

Bkb nktk} fwbk e/ rkT[D dh otkfJs ni"eh ghVh d/ ebkekoK ftZu xZN ojh

j?. s/}h d/ nkX[fBe d"o ftZu ;zrhs ftfdnkoEh th pkeh ftfFnK d/

ftfdnkoEhnK dh soK ibdh-ibdh ;G e[ZM f;Zy e/ ihtB ftZu ;cbsk gkDk

ukjz[dk j?. ;zrhs dh skbhw ns/ T[; s'I o; dh T[sgZsh eoB bJh fizBh

fwjBs ns/ ;po dh b'V j[zdh j?, T[j nZi eZb dh ghVh ftZu xZN j?.

;zrhs y/so ftZu nkgD/ rkfJB okjhI wkj"b B{[z o;wJh pBkT[D tkb/

ebkekoK dh frDsh ;hfws j? idfe rkfJeK dh ;zfynk tZX ojh j?. Xo[gd,

fyankb, m[woh F?bhnK s'I fFzrko iK fe;/ th o; dh nfGftnesh eoB bJh

fJjBK F?bhnK d/ xokD/dko ebkekoK s'I ftXhts f;Zfynk b?Dh }o{oh j?. e'o/

;zrhse frnkB Bkb fJj ezw BjhI j' ;edk. fe;/ F?bh ftZu fFzrko o; d/

gqrNkt/ bJh okr, ;[o,b?n, skb, ;kfjs , ft;Eko sZs, ;"Idon nXkoK, ;[o

;ztkd, eke{ G/d nkfd e[M nfij/ sZs jB fijBK dk ;jh ohs ns/ fwnkd Bkb

gq:'r eoBk e'Jh uzrk r[o{ jh f;yk ;edk j? . fe;/ F?bh dk rkfJB rbs

ohs Bkb eoB ns/ T[; dh wfonkdk s'I pkjo ikD Bkb o; dh jkBh j[zdh j?.

Xo[gd, fyankb, m[woh F?bhnK dhnK ftF/FsktK dk ;tkd nbZr-nbZr b?Dk

ukjhdk j? ns/ ebkekoK B[z{ ukjhdk j? fe T[j e'Jh uwseko iK BtK gq:'r

fdykT[D bJh fJjBK F?bhnK dk J/eheoB eoe/ Bk fdykJ/ feT[Ife nfijk eoB

277

Bkb ;[BD tkfbnK d/ fdwkr ftZu Xo[gd, fyankb,m[woh d/ ;to{g B{z b? e/

T[bMD g?dk j[zdh j? ns/ o;-T[sgZsh dk fB:w Gzr j[zdk j?.

fJjBK F?bhnK d/ n;fsst dh oZfynk eoB bJh f;Zfyne ;z;EktK ftzu

fJjBK B[z{ gkmeqw ftZu Fkwb ehsk frnk j?. jo ;kb tZy tZy :{Bhtof;NhnK

tZb'I :[te w/fbnK iK tZy-tZy gqsh:'frsktK dk nk:'iB eotkfJnk iKdk j? go

fJjBK ftZu gozgokrs F:?bhnK B[z tX/o/ ;EkB BjhI fwbdk. nkX[fBe ;w/I ftZu

f}nkdkso ebkeko fyankb F?bh jh rKd/ jB. f;ZfynZe ;z;EktK ftZu fijV/

nfXnkge jB, T[j th f}nkdkso fyankb F?bh d/ jh ikDeko j[zd/ jB, fi;

eoe/ T[j nkgD/ ftfdnkoEhnK B{z Xo[gd, m[woh nkfd F?bhnK s'I tho o; iK

fFzrkokfd o; dh T[sgZsh dk pkjoh o{g sK fdyk fdzd/ jB gozs{ ftfdnkoEhnK

d/ wB ftZu Xo[gd ns/ m[woh dh n;b y{p;{osh dk Gkt g?dk eoB ftZu

n;woZE ofjzd/ jB.

gfoDkw ;o{g efj ;ed/ jK fe ;zrhs ftfdnkoEhnK ns/ ;o'fsnK B{[z

Xo[gd, fyankb ns/ m[woh d/ fFzrko o; dh wX[osk B{[z nbZr-nbZr nB[Gt

eotkT[D bJh fJjBK F?bhnK d/ gquko-gq;ko dh b'V j?. fFzrko o; dk ;G s'I

tZX gqrNktk m[woh ftZu j[zdk j? idfe fJ; F?bh dk gquko nZieb pj[s xZN

frnk j?. f;oc m[woh F?bh B{z rkD tkb/ ebkeko pj[s xZN jB idfe nZieb

fyankb rkfJe jh m[woh B{z fyankb dh fgZSbZr{# rkfJeh dh soK rKd/ jB i'

fe f;oc wkj"b B{[z e[M gb bJh ozie pBkT[D bJh rkJh iKdh j?. fJjBK

fyankb rkfJeK d/ m[woh rkJb ftZu T[j ozr ns/ fFzrko o; dh nkeoFe S'j

th fdykJh BjhI fdzdh i' fe g[okD/ m[woh ebkekoK dh rkfJeh ftZu j[zdh ;h.

fFzrko o; ;zrhs dk gqkD o; j? ns/ fJ;dk ;G s'I tZX gqrNktk m[woh

okjhI j[zdk j?. i/eo m[woh dk gozgokrs o{g jh ;[oZfynZs BjhI oj/rk sK nkT[D

tkbhnK ghVhnK B{[z ;zrhs ftZu fFzrko o; dh ;{yw nfGftnesh ns/ T[;d/ r{V

sZsK B[z{ ;wMkT[D dk nXko jh ysw j' ikt/rk. fJ; bJh @m[woh# F?bh B{[z

pukT[Dk ns/ fJ;dk gquko }o{oh j?. y'i ekoi ftZu n;hI tZy-tZy F?bhnK ftzu

b?n d/ wjZst pko/ th e[ZM uouk ehsh j?. b?n-skb dk gq:'r tZy-tZy o;K dh

f;oiDk eoB ftZu ;jkJh j[zdk j?. nsh ftbzps, ftbzps, wZX, do[s, nsh do[s

278

jo b?n ns/ jo skb nbZr-nbZr o; dk ;zuko eodh j?. b?n skb dk ;jh

frnkB Xo[gd F?bh d/ rkfJB s'I gqkgs j[zdk j?. nZieb Xo[gd dk gquko xZN

j'D eoe/ ftfdnkoEh b?n-skb gZy'I th e[M ew}'o j[zd/ jB. Xo[gd dh nfs

ftbzps, fyankb dh ftbzps, wZX, do[Zs ns/ m[woh dh do[Zs ukb nbZr-nbZr

o; dh f;oiDk eod/ jB. fJ; eoe/ Xo[gd F?bh dk frnkB gqkgs eoBk th

}o{oh j?.fyankb F?bh ftZu ftftXsk f}nkdk j? ns/ @ebgBk# dk wjZst j?.

e'wb GktK B{z gqrNkT[D bJh ebgBkFhb fdwkr dk j'Dk th }o{oh j?. fJ;

soK fFzrko o; Gkosh ;zrhs dk w[Zy o; j? fi;dh j'Id jo rkfJB F?bh ftZu

fe;/ Bk fe;/ o{g ftZu o; g?dk eodh j?.

Xo[gd fyankb ns/ m[woh tZy-tZy :[rK dh d/D jB ns/ nkgD/ ftek;

eqw d"okB T[jBK :[ZrK dh ;[jikswe u/sBk B{z fJjBK B/ nksw;ks ehsk . fJ;/

ekoB fJjBK d/ ;[jikswe w[Zb ns/ fwnko tZy-tZy pD/. fszB'I F?bhnK d/

fFzrkoe ;[ji B{z gfjbK ;wMD ns/ fco gqrNkT[D bJh fJ; ;z;feqfse u/sBk

dk j'Dk pj[s }o{oh j?. d{;o/ FpdK ftZu efj ;ed/ jK fe fizBK n;hI nkgDh

;zrhse ftok;s s'I NZ[NKr/, UBK jh fJjBK F?bhnK B{z ;wMD ns/ fJjBK dh

;kXBk eoB ftZu Bkew ojKr/. n;b ftZu Gkosh ebktK gozgok ftZu fJzBh

rfjokJh Bkb y[ZGhnK j'JhnK jB fe gozgok d/ u"yN/ B[z fXnkB ftZu oZy e/ jh

fJjBK B{z ikfDnk ik ;edk j?. ;wkie gfotosB B/ fJZe ;fGnkukoe

gfotosB B{z th iBw fdZsk. yk;eo m[woh torh F?bh dh wkofwesk, fyankb

dk ;[o ft;Eko ns/ Xo[gd dk b?n ft;Eko- fJjBK dh rfjokJh B{z nB[Gt

eoB bJh ;{yw fdqFNh dk nZi d/ s/}h d/ d"o ftZu xkD j' fojk j?. fFzrko

torh Bki[e GktBk ns/ fJ;dh ;{yw nfGftnesh B{z nZi whvhnk s'I gq;kos j'D

tkbk ;zrhs nFbhbsk d/ fi; w[ekw s/ b? nkfJnk j?, T[j fuzskiBe j?. fJ;

bJh toswkB d/ ;wofgs ebk ;kXeK, ftdtkBK, fuzseK, nfXnkgeK ns/ ;{MtkB

;o'fsnK dk fJj gow Xow j? fe T[j Gkosh ebktK ftZu o; dh nfGftnesh

ns/ ftF/F eoe/ @o; oki fFzrko# dh nfGftnesh B{z i' T[&Zsw ;EkB gqkgs ;h,

T[;B[z{ ekfJw oZyD tZb isBFhb ofjD sK i' Gkosh ebk FkB Bkb nZr/ tZX

;e/.

279

(T) Xo[gd (nfXnkswe f;azrko)

okr jwho-u"skb (ftbzps)

1

1

;EkJh - ;ko; pdBh, ;kozr B?Dh,uzge poBh, nfwqs puBh .

nzsok - euxNk d;aB dkfwBh, nXo fpdqw ;h; p/Bh, B?B whB eho Bk;, uzdqw[yh ;[ydkBh .

;zukoh - uks[oh eh ;hwk ikBh o{g eh i'r ;wkBh, ugbk eh uwe ikeh, ojs Bkjh_ fesj{z SkBh .

nkG'r - wd BkfJe gqG{ ;', eos gq/w wX[o pkBh, shB b'e ;aq/;am w/oh ;aqh wjkokBh ..

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

X 0 2 0 3 4 Bh

X - - Bhw X

X

o/_

Bh

;I - Bh

Bh

X B[h g

;k s s o s s ; p s s d s Bh

g

w - g

g

X - g

g

X

X

w g w r wo/

;k s s oz s r B : s Bh s s s w

r - w X - g

r

w r wo/ ; o/ ;

uz s s g s e p s s s o s Bh

Bah

; ; -

r

o/ g -

r

w r wo/ ; o/ ;

n fwq s s s s p s s s o s Bh

nzsok

w

g g -

g

;I ;I -

Bh

;I ;I ;I o/I ;I ;I

e u s x Nk s d ;a B dk fw Bh

;

X

Bh

X

Bh

X ;I ;I o/_ ;_ - Bh

Bh

X B[h g

n X o fp dq w ;h s ; p/ s Bh

;

r_ wI o/_

Bh

;I o/I ;I

;I

X

Bh

X ;I

Bh

;I o/_ ;_

B?

s B wh s B eh s o Bk s ;

w

g - g

w

g

Bh

X o/_ ;_ Bh X

w

g wg

g

rw

uz s dq w[ yh s ;[ y s dk s s Bh s ;zukoh

r

w - wr g - g

Bh

X Bh X

w

g X g

uk s s[ s oh s eh ;h s wk ik s Bh

g -

Bh

X

Bh

X ;I ;I

Bh

X Bh X

w

g X g

o{ s g eh s i' ok s ; wk s Bh

g

r

w

r wo/ rw X g

g

r rw o/

Bah

; o/ ;

u g s s bk s s

fe u w s e ik s fe

Bah

; ; ; o/

r

g g

g

r rw o/

Bah

; o/ ;

o j s Bk s jh_ fe s s j{z Sk s Bh

nkG'r

w

g g -

Bh

;_ - ;I ;I - ;I ;I o/_ ;I

w d s Bk s : e s gq G{ s ;'

Bh

X

Bh

X

Bh

X ;I - o/_ ;I ;I Bh

Bh

X B[h g

e o s gq/ s w w X[ o pk s Bh

wI

rI w_ o/_

Bh

;I o/_ ;I

Bh

X

Bh

X ;I ;I o/_ ;I

sh s B b' s e

;aq/ s ;am w/ s oh

w

g - - g

;

X o/_ ;I Bh X g wg

w

rw

Åqh s s w jk s ok s s s ss Bh

1 gz Gksyzv/, eqfwe g[;se wkfbek (Gkr 3), gzBk 111-113

280

:wB efbnkD - u"skb (ftbzps)

2

1

;Kto' w/o/ jh dtko g/, fBs fBs oko wukt/ oh ..

w[obh nXo Xo/, tBwkb ghs p;B, shy/ B?B Bukt/ oh .. 1 ..

rfjqeki eoB eki, ikT[_ sjK s[os nkg, B?BB eh ;/Bd/n, ezm brkt/ oh .. 2 ..

fuzskwDh :k fpqi, fSB fSB e[;b ekBj, eko' fpyXo Bk ikB' v; ikt/ oh .. 3 ..

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Bh X g r

o/

r g r - o/ r w ro/

;K s t s o' s w/ s s o/ s jh

ro/ ; - Bah Xa ga ; ; - o/ r r

s s d±k s o s g/ fB s s Bh s s

r - r r w

Bh

X Bh X g w g

r

w

ok s o w s s uk s s t/ s oh

nzsok

g g - ;I - ;I ;I Bh

X

Bh o/_ - ;I

w[ o s bh s n X o s X s o/

Bh

X

Bh X Bh ;I rIo/I ;I - BhX Bh X g

p B s wk s b s gh s s s p ; B

r - o/

g

r g

Bh

X

Bh

X ;I - X g g

sh s s y/ s s B? s s B s B

Bh

X Bh

Bh

X Bh X g Bh X g r r g

uk s s t/ s oh ;K s t s o' s

;zukoh

r r

r

o/

g

r g g X g g g - g

rq fj s ek s i e o B ek s i

g - X

;_

Bh ;I -

Bh

X Bh X

Bh

g X g

ik s T{_ s jK s s[ o s nk s g

r o/ r X g - r - o/ ; o/ ;

B? s B B eh s ;/ s B d/ s n

r - o/ r w g

Bh

X Bh X Bh X g

ez s s m s b rk s s t/ s oh

nkG'r

g - ;I - ;I ;I o/_ ;I - ;I - ;I

fuz s sk s w Dh nk s s pq s i

;II

Bh

;II

Bh

Bh

X ;_ - o/_ ;I ;I BhX Bh X g

fS B s fS s B e[ ; b s ek s Bj

r -

r

o/

g

r g g

Bh

X Bh X Bh X g

ek s s o' s fp y s s X s o

Bh X g X ;I ;I o/_ ;I - X ;I o/_

Bk s s ik s B' e p/ s v ; s ;I Bh

Bh

X Bh X g

ik s s t/ s oh

2 okik G?nk g[zStkb/ @;zrhsukfonk@, Xo[gd Xwko rkfJeh (Gkr .), gzBk 7-9

281

okr fGzB ;aVi

3

nzsok - nkX Ye/ nkX y[b/, ;od e[w[d wKM

wkB', e'T{ o; b'b[g ;akw wX[g

nkJ/ p;/ n"o cI;/ .. 1 ..

rhs

;EkJh - Bhe/ bkr/ oh s'o/ B?B ikr/ o?B

T[Bhe/ wzd wzd nb;/ fpb;/ nkbh-

ukoskb

wksok 12 ftGkr 6

skbh ftGkr 1,5,9,11 $ ykbh 3,7

;EkJh

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

x 0 2 0 3 4

r w

Bh

X Bh

Bh s e/ s ;I - ;I Bh X w

;

r w

;

w r ; ;

bk s r/ s oh s s' o/ B? s s B

x 0 2 0 3 4

Bah ; X[ Bh ; w - w

Bh

X

Bh

X w w

ik s r/ s o? s s B T[ Bh_ s d/

x 0 2 0 3 4

r w

Bh

X Bh ;I ;I Bh ;I

Bh

X w r w

wz s d wz s d n b ;/ s ft b

x 0 2 0 3 4

r - ; - ;I Bh X w r w

Bh

X Bh

;/ s s s nk s bh s Bh s e/ s x 0 2 0 3 4

;I - ;I Bh X w

;

r w

;

w r ; ;

bk s r/ s oh s s' o/ B? s s B

x 0 2 0 3 4

nzsok

w r w w

Bh

X BhX ;I - ;I ;I ;I -

nk s X Y e/ ss nk s X y[ b/ s x 0 2 0 3 4

;I Bh ;I

Bh

X

Bh

X w

Bh

X Bh ;I

Bh

X - w

; o d e[ w[ d wK s M wk s B'

x 0 2 0 3 4

X Bh ;I - rI ;I r_ w_ - r_ - ;I

d' s T{ s o ; b' s s b[ s g

x 0 2 0 3 4

;I

Bh

X r w r ; r w X Bh ;I wI

;k s w w X[ g nk s J/ p ;/ s x 0 2 0 3 4

w r

;

r w r - ; - r w

Bh

X Bh

n" s o cI ;/ s s s Bh s e/ s x 0 2 0 3 4

;I - ;I -

bk s r/ s

3 gz UIeko BkE mke[o, ;zrhsKibh (Gkr 1), gzBk 70-72

282

okr ;{o wbjko - Mgskb (Xo[gd ;a?bh)

4

1

;EkJh - d/yh :[rb Sth ;ktB bki/ .

nzsok - T[s xB fJs xBf;ankw bkfvb',

T[s dkfwBh fJs fgqn ;zr oki/ ..

;zukoh - T[s po;s p{zdB eh bkohnK,

fJs rb/ w'shnB jko fpoki/ ..

nkG'r & T[s dkd[o fJe pis pK;[oh,

T[s rois fJs B[g{o pki/ ..

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

x 2 0 3

;I Bah X w w g B[h X g g

d/ s fy s i[ r b S s th

w o/

w

o/ g g w o/

w

Bah ; -

;k s t s B bk s i/ s s nzsok

w g B[h g Bh ;I ;I ;I - ;I

T[ s X s B fJ s X s B

Bh ;_ o/_ - ;I Bh ;I B[h X g

;ak s w s bk s vh b' s s Bh ;I o/_ w_ o/_ ;I (;I) B[h X g

T[ s dk s s fw fB fJ s s

o/ g w o/ ; Bah ;

w

o/

g

w g

fgq n ;z s r ok s i s s ;zukoh

B[h g w - o/ w w g - g

T[ s p s o ; s p{z s d

w g B[h g Bh ;I Bh ;I - ;I

B s eh s s b oh :K s s Bh ;I o/_ - ;I ;I B[h X w g

fJ s r s b/ w' fs n s B

o/w gB[h g w o/ Bah ;

w

o/

g

w g

jks ss o s fp ok s i/ s s nkG'r

w o/ g - - B[h g Bh ;I ;I

T[ s dk s s d[ o fJ s s

Bh ;I o/_ w_ o/I gI wI o/_ ;I ;I

p i s s s pK s ;[ s oh

;I B[h X w w g B[h X g w

T[ s r s o i s fJ s s

o/ g w o/ ; Bah ;

w

o/

g

w g

B{ s g[ s o pk s i/ s s

4 vkH rhsk p?Boih, okrwbjko do;aB, gzBk 129-130

283

okr X{bhnk wbjko - u"skb (ftbzps)

5

1

;EkJh - nki Xosh b/ d[bjB w/x d[bjk ftnkjB nkJ/

nzsok - fJzdq d/ dwkw pki/ p{zdB e' ;/ok,

poB poB e/;rkJh nkJ/ ..

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

x 0 2 0 3 4

- g w o/

g

w w

s nk s i X o

g - w g g g,gw

w

B[h X B[h w g g

sh s s b/ s d{,bs j s s s s B

;I - Bh ;I

;

o/_ - ;I B[h X g w gg

w/ s s X d{ s br s s s ftnk jB

;I - - B[h X g - w o/ r[

;

o/ ww

nk s s s s s s J/ s s s, Xo

nzsok

w g ;I -

fJz dq e/ s ;I

Bh ;I ;I ;I Bh ;I ;I -

;I

Bh ;I o/_

;I

o/_

d wk w pk s i/ s p{z d B e'

- ;I

;_

Bh ;I Bh ;I o/I -

w

g

g

o/_ o/_ o/_

s s s s ;/ s r s p o B t

o/_ o/_ o/_ rI, o/;I o/_ Bh ;I ;I ;I - - B[h

o B e/ s s s s s ; rk Jh nk s s s X g - w

w

o/ r[

;

o/

g

w

s s s s s s :/ nk

5 vkH rhsk p?Boih, okrwbjko do;aB, gzBk 186-187

284

okr ywki

6

1

rhs

;EkJh - pK;[oh pikJh nki ozr ;'_ w[okoh

f;at ;wkXh G{b rJ/ w[BhiB wB jkoh

nzsok - t/d GBs pqjw G{b/, G{b/ pqjwukoh

ozGk ;p skb G{bh, G{bh fBqs:ekoh .. 1 ..

ukoskb

wksok 12 ftGkr 6

skb ftGkr 1,3,5,7,9,12

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Bh ;I Bh ;IBh ;I o/ ;IBh ;I B[h X g X

pK s ;{ oh s s p ik s s Jh nk s i

r w g Xg

;I

B[h Xw g X r w r -

oz s r ;'_ s s w[s r s oh s s s ; Bah ; w r w g X r w g X

f;a t ; wk s Xh G{ s b r J/ s Bh ;I Bh ;I ;I o/_ ;IBh ;I B[h X g X

w[ Bh i B w B sk s s oh s s s

nzsok

w r w B[h X Bh ;I - ;I

o/_

Bh ;I ;I

t/ s d G B s pq s jw G{ s b/

Bh - Bh ;IBh ;I o/_ ;IBh ;I B[h X g X

G{ s b/ pq s s jw

uk s s oh s s s r w g X Bh ;I rI w_

o/_

rI ;I Bh_ ;I

oz s Gk s ; p sk s b G{ s bh

g ;I Bh ;I - o/_ Bh ;I B[h X g X

G{ s bh fBq s s: ek s oh s s s

6 gzH UIeko BkE mke[o, ;zrhsKibh (Gkr-1), gzBk 83-84

285

okr ekcah

7

1

rhs

;EJh - nkJ/ oh w'o/ Xkw f;ankw, e[zto ekB

fiBe/ uoBD B?BB gbeB ;'_ go;'_

nzsok - pz;hXo fwqdb nXo, pki/ o; okr wX[o

Bkus E? E? BNto, nkJ/ bkJ/ ro;'_, fjno/ ;o;'_

ukoskb

wksok 12

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

B[h

g

X g

w

r[

;

o/ - w

nk s J/ oh s w' o/

g - g X

w

r[

;

o/ w

o/

r w

B[h

g

w

r

;

o/

Xk s w ;ak s w e[z t o ek s B

; o/

w

r[

;

o/ w gw X g ;I B[h

g

X g

fi B e/ s u o s B B B? s B B

r w B[h g

w

r

;

o/ B[h g

w

r[

;

o/

o/

B[h ;

g b e B ;'_ s g o ;'I s s s ; o/

w

r[

g

w

X

g B[h

g

X g

w

r[

;

o/ w w

nk s s s s s s J/ oh s w' o/

nzsok

w - g - Bh Bh ;I ;I ;I

o/_

Bh ;I ;I

pz s ;h s X o fwq d{ b n X o

B[h

g w

g

w g

w

r[

;

o/ B[h

g

X gw B[hg Bh ;I

pz s ;h s X o fwq d{ b s n s X o

o/_ ;I

w_

o/_ g_

wI

r[_ o/_;I o/_ Bh ;I B[h

g

X g

pk s i s o ; s ok s r w X[ o

B[h

w

B[h

g Bh ;I o/I

wI

rI

;I

o/_ ;I ;I B[h

g

X g

Bk s u s E? s E? s B N t o

r w B[h g

w

o/

w

r[ o/; o/ B[h g

w

r[

;

o/

nk s J/ s bk s J/ s s r o ;'_ s o/

o/_ B[h

g

X g r w B[h g

w

r[

;

o/

o/

B[h ;

j' J/ o/ s s s ; o ;'_ s s s ; o/

w

r[

g

w

X

g B[h X g

w

r[

;

o/ w w

nk s s s s s s J/ oh s w' o/

7 nkukfonk pqj;gsh, ;zrhs fuzskwDh (Gkr-1), gzBk 53

286

(n) Xo[gd (;z;koe f;azrko)

8

1

be;awh s'Vh - (Mgskb)

(Btkpnbh yK d[nkok g/;a ehsk frnk Xo[gd)

pzfd;a

;EkJh - o{gtzsh, bkitzsh wkB wsh w[y s/o' Bhe' .

nzsok - i'sqhnk nkt/, Bheh Bk bkr/

i?;/ fdt; dhnok eh pksh ..

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

;k - o/ r - w - w - w

o{ s g tz s sh s bk s i

w - g - - g - X[ - -

wz s sh s s wk s B s s X[ - g Bh w

w

r[ - o/

;

o/

Bah - w s sh s s w[ s y s s ; - o/ - g

w

r[ - o/

;

; B[ha

s/ s o' s s Bh s e' s s

nzsok

w - g g - Bh ;_ ;_ - -

i' s sqh nk s nk s t/ s s Bh ;_ ;_ - o/_ ;_ B[h X g - Bh s eh s B bk s r/ s s g o/_ ;_ - o/_ B[h ;_ Bh g g

i? s ;/ s fd t ; fd s n

w

r[ - w g -

w

r[ -

;

o/ ;

B[h

ok s eh s s pk s sh s s

fJj Xo[gd ouBk eqfwe g[;se wkfbek Gkr 6 d/ gzBk Bz 406-407 T[&Zs/ th fwbdh j? gozs{ T[go'es fdZsh rJh pzfd;a

ns/ eqfwe g[;se wkfbek dh fJ; pzfd;a d/ ;[oK d/ gq:'r ftZu ekcah nzso j? .

8 Btkp nbh ykB, w[nkfoc[BBrawks (Gkr-2), gzBk 268-269

287

okr d/;a

9

1

ukoskb

rhs

;EkJh - :/oh ;yh ;ktB nk:' nki

fpojk nrw w'g/, ebBk gos

gqkB fgnko/ fpB

nzsok - uj{z n"os/_ pkdo, T[wzv x[wzv nkJ/,

SshnK T[wrh ekB eko/ fpB

ukoskb

wksok 12

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

x 0 2 0 3 4

r

w

w

o/[ - w g

:/ oh s ; yh

x 0 2 0 3 4

Bh ;_Bh ;_ o/_ Bh Xg

X

w

X

g

g

X w

w

r o/

;k ss s t s Bs nk s :' nk s i

x 0 2 0 3 4

w

o/

r

o/ g w

w

r o/ w r o/

o/_

B[h ; ;

fp o s r s s n r w w' s g/

x 0 2 0 3 4

;

B[h

;

B[h ;

w

o/ w

w

o/ w g - Bh ;_ o/_;_

e b s Bk s g o s s gqk s Bs x 0 2

0 3 4

o/_ - B[h -

g

X g X

r

w

w

o/ - w g

fgnk s o/ s fp B s :/ oh s ; yh

x 0 2 0 3 4

nzsok

g

w

g

w g Bh ;_ Bh ;_ - -

o/_

Bh ;_ ;_

u j[z s n" s o s/_ s s pk d o

x 0 2 0 3 4

o/_

Bh ;_

w

o/_ w_ r o/_

o/_

Bh

o/_

;_ o/_ -

g

X g

T[ wz v x[ wz v nk s s :/ s s x 0 2 0 3 4 wr o/ - wI rI o/

o/_

Bh ;I

;_

g

Bh ;_ o/_;_

Ss sh s nK s T[ w rh s ek s Bs x 0 2 0 3 4

o/_ - Bh -

g

X g X

r

w

w

o/ -

w g

ek s o/ s fp B s :/ oh s ; yh

x 0 2 0 3 4

9 gzH UIeko BkE mke[o, ;zrhsKibh (Gkr-1), gzBk 95-96

288

okr okwebh (ouBkeko-tkDh ftbk;)

10

1

rhs

s[w T[mh nkJh_ G'ojh_ ghnk e/ ;whg/, ikr/

nB[okr/ o;gkr/ nyhInK y'bs B y[bkJh . 1 .

ns vo ip nkt/ pks/_ eos s[soks gr vrwrks

gr v'bs B v[bkJh . 2 .

;e[u ;/ fcos ejK Bjh_ wkBs, ;koh o?B

ikrs nkJ/ p"okB/ p"okJh . 3 .

tkDh ftbk; e/ gqG{ ghsw ejK oj/,

g{Ss pshnK p'bs B p[bkJh .4.

u"skb

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

x 0 2 0 3 4

w r o/[ r r r X[Bh X[ X[ ;_ ;_ ;_

nk s s s Jh s G's s o jh s s ; Bh X[ g g g g g w w w w

gh nk s e/ ; wh s g/ ik r/ n B[

r r o/[ r r r o/[r o/[r o/[; ; ; ;

ok s s r/ o ; ss ss ss gk s r/

; ; w w rwrw g wgwg X[ gX[gX[ ;_ BhX[ g

n yh_ nK s ssss s ssss s ssss s ss s X[ g g w g wr o/[r r X[ g w g

y' b s B y[ bks ss Jh s[ w T[ mh

2 g g X[ X[ Bh ;_ ;_ ;_ ;_ ;_ ;_ ;_

n s v o i p s s nk s t/ s X[ X[ Bh ;_ ;_ ;_ ;_ ;_ o/_[;_ o/_[;_ BhX[ g

pk s s s e o s s s[s s[s oks s

X[ g w g w r o/[ r ;_ BhX[ g g

g r v r w rk s s g rs s s X[ g g w g wr o/[r r X[ g w g

v' b s B v[ bks ss Jh s[ w T[ mh

3 ns/ 4 X[X[ X[X[ gg gg wwr ww gg gg X;_ Bh X[X[ g

;e[ u;/ fcs os ejks Bjh_ wks Bs ;koh s o?s B

X[X[ g g g ww w rr o/[r X[Bh ;_ ;_;_ ;_

ikr s nk J/ p"ok B/ p"ok sJh; tkDh s ftbk ;

;_ ;_;_ X[ Bh;_ ;_o/_[ ;_BhX[ g g rwr ww gg g

e/ gqG{ gh sw ejk sss o j/ g{ss Ss psh nK

wgwg X[ gX[gX[ ;_ Bh X[g wg w r o/[r X[g wg

ssss s ssss s p' bs Bp[ bk s sJh s[w T[mh

10 joh BkokfJD w[y'gkfXnkJ/, Xo[gd ;tofbgh (Gkr-1), gzBk 10-11

289

nbj?nk

11

1

rhs

gqks T[mh nkJh oh bbBh bkb ;zr, ikrh

nB[okrh gq/w gkrh bki'jh nyhnK .. 1 ..

fpE[oh nbe Mbe gbe vrwrh fvrB

;'_, bbke/ spj{z w?_ byhnK .. 2 ..

nb;kBh BhId eh nxkBh ghnk eh gqhs w?_

gfjukBh sp w[;ekBh ;yhnK .. 3 ..

BJh pkbk ;yh gqp; i';a eos

nkts d/y ubh iksh eByhnK .. 4 .. u"skb

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

x 0 2 0 3 4

XX gw o/r gg XX Bh; gqks ss ss s/s T[mh s ; ;_ Bh;_ X X g g X X gw g w ro/

nk ss Jh s oh s b b Bhs s bk bs r wg g r wr o/ ; o/ ; ; ; ;

;z ss r ik ss fr n B[ s ok rh s ; ; rw g g g g g XX Bh ;_ Bh;_

gq/ s ws s gk s rh s bks i' jh ss XX g X X gw g

ss s n yh_ nKs s

nzsok

g g X X Bh Bh ;_ ;_ ;_ ;_ o/_X Bh;_

fp E[ oh s n b e s M g es ss ;_ ;_ ;_ ;_ ;_ o/_ r_ w_ r_o/_ r_ o/_ ;_

g b e s v r s s ws fr s s ;_ ;_ ;_Bh Xg XX w o/r g XX Bh ;_ ;_;_

fv r Bs ;'s bbk s ss e/ sp s j{z w?_s XX g X X gw g

ss s b yh nKs s

;zukoh

; ; r w g g X X g g w g

n b ;k s Bh s Bh_ s d eh s s w w r r X X g wg w r o/r wg

n xk fp s gh nk eh ss gqh s w?_s ss r w r o/ ; ; ;o/w rg XX Bh ;_ ;_

g fj uk s Bh s sps ss w[; ek Bh s XX g X X gw g

ss s ; yh nKs s

nkG'r

g g X X Bh ;_ ;_ ;_ ;_ o/_ r_ w_

B Jh p bk s s ; yh gq p s ;

r_ o/_ ;_ ;_ X X X X g g g g

i' Å s s e o s s nk s t s

X X w w o/r

wh v

g g g XX Bh ;_ ;_

d/ s s s ss y s s ubh s ik s

XX g X X g wg

es s B yh nK ss

11 joh BkokfJD w[y'gkfXnkJ/, Xo[gd ;tofbgh (Gkr-1), gzBk 15-16

290

r"V wbjko

12

1

s[w B:B w/_ wkB' ekw eh xNk ;h T[wV x[wV nkJh .. 1 ..

gbe d[B ;'Jh tois uzub uwes ugbk ;h e[zds n?;' nkJh .. 2 ..

n"o poB X[otk;h skJh pegkzsh skoB eh i:'s fMzrB ;h v'o

wkB' fJzdqtX{ ;'jkJh .. 3 ..

gkBh gVs p[zdB ;' wjwd ;kj ghnk eh fJZSk po; n?;' nkJh .. 4 .. u"skb

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

0 2 0 3 4

X[ X g g w wo/

s[ w B : B ss wo/w o/wg g gw XBhX Bh ;_ ;_ X X Bh ;_

w/ss sss s wks sss s s B' ek w s eh

XX XX Bh g w g w o/ ww o/ ww o/

xNk ss s ;h s s s s T[w V x[w V

; ;Bh ;;

rwe

;; o/;

rwe

o/o/ wo/

rwe

ww o/o/ o/o/ ; ;

nk ss ss ss ss

ss ss ss ss ss s s o/ o/ Bh ;_Bh ;

; ;

s s s ss s Jh

nzsok

BhX BhX Bh ;_ ;_ ;_ ;_Bh ;_ o/_ o/_;_ o/_ ;_

gs bs e d[ s B ;'s Jh r os i s

w_w_ w_w_ o/_ o/_ ;_Bh o/_ ;_ ;_Bh XBh ;_ o/_ ;_

uzs ss u b us w e ss ug bk ;h s XX gwg ww o/ ; BhXBh ;_Bh ;_;_ o/_

rwe

;_o/_o/_ w_w_o/_

rwe

w_w_o/_;_

e[zs dss J/n ;' nk sss ss ss s sss sss ssss o/_o/_ Bh;_ XBh ;_o/_ Bh;_ Bh;_

ss ss ss ss ss sJh

;zukoh ns/ nkG'r

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

x 0 2 0 3 4

wwBh

(rwe)

XBh ;_;_ ;_;_ gBh Xg Xw gg wg XX Bh;_ XX

n"so sp oB X[o pks sf; sks Jhs pe

gKs ss shs gg wg wo/ wo/ ww o/o/ ; ;; X XBh XBh Xg

sks oB fes i's fMzs rB f; v'o wk B's Jh_s dqs X X Bh;_ Bh;_ ;_ ;_ wBhXBh;I;I ;_;_ ;_;_ Bh;_

(rwe)

o/_ o/_o/_o/_

p X{ ;'jk sJh s s gkBh sgVs p{zd B;'_ wjZw d ;ksj w_w_o/_

(rwe)

;_;_ ;_;_;_

rwe)

BhBhBh XBh

(rwe)

;_o/_ Bh;_

(rwe)

Xg wg

(rwe)

wo/ o/XX

(rwe)

Bh;_

ghnkfe fJZSk po; n?;'s nks ss ss ss ss ss sss ss ;_o/_

(rwe)

;_o/_ w_w_

(rwe)

o/_;_ g_w_

(rwe)

o/_;_ XBh ;_o/_;I XX gg w wo/

ss ss ss ss ss ss ss sJhs, s[w B: B ss

12 joh BkokfJD w[y'gkfXnkJ/, Xo[gd ;tofbgh (Gkr-1), gzBk 164-165

291

(J) fyankb nfXnkswe f;azrko

okr jwho - fsqskb (wZXb?n)

13

1

;EkJh - e?;/ xo ikT[_ bzrotk,

;[B gkt/ w'oh ;k; BBdhnk,

nzsok - j{z i' ubh gBxNtk mkv'

e"D pjkB/ fgnko/ pkbwk ShB bJh w'oh ;h; rrohnk

poi'oh ehBh jk o/, ;[zdotk ..

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

x 2 0 3

Bh

X - - - Bh X ;I ;I

;I

X B[h g X w g r

g

w

e? s s s ;/ s x o ik s T{_ bz r o tk s

Bh

X - - - Bh X

X

o/_ ;I

;I

X B[h g X w X g -

e? s s s ;/ s x o ik s T{_ bz r o tk s g

r r

g

r wo/

w

r w X g

g

r - w o/ ; o/ ; -

;[ B gk ss t/ s w' oh ;k s ; B Bz dh nk s Bh

X - - X Bh X ;I o/_ ;I Bh X g

g

w g

g

r w

SK s s v d/ s w' j/ Yh s N bz r o tk s

nzsok

w

g - g g

g

;I - ;I ;I ;I ;I ;I -

Bh

;I o/_ ;I -

j{z s i' u bh s g B x N tk s mk s v' s ;I

X -

Bh

X

Bh

X

X

;I - ;I -

Bh

;I o/_ ;I -

;I

X X g -

e" s B p jk s B/ s fgnk s o/ s p b wk s Bh

;I -

wI

rI

wI

rI wI o/_ ;I ;I

;I

X

Bh

X ;I ;I ;I o/_ ;I -

Sh s B b Jh s w' oh ;h s ; r r oh nk s X

;I ;I

;I

X

Bh

X XBh ;Io/_ ;I Bh

;I

X B[h g X w g

g

r w

p o i' s ohs ss eh Bh jk s o/ ;[z d o tk s

13 gz Gksyzv/, eqfwe g[;se wkfbek (Gkr 3), gzBk 75-76

292

okr d/;a

14

1

Mgskb

rhs

;EkJh - d/y' oh Bk wkB/ ;akw

sro ubs w'oh, pJhnK wo'oh .

nzsok - nzrhnk w;e rJh

u{ohnK eoe rJh .

n?;/ nBkoh ;'_

w/o' go:' ekw .. 1 ..

Mgskb

wksok 10 ftGkr 4

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

x 2 0 3

Bah ;

w

o/ w g

g

X w ro/ r o/

d/ y' oh s B wk B/ ;aks s w

x 2 0 3

o/

Bah ;

wk

o/ w o/ w g Bh ;I ;I

v r o s u b s w' s oh

x 2 0 3

g o/_;I o/_ Bh[ Xg

X

g X w

o

/r o/

pJh_ ss nK s ws o' s oh s s x 2 3

Bah ;

w

o/ w g

g

X w ro/ r o/

d/ y' oh s B wk B/ ;aks s w

x 2 0 3

nzsok

X

w g Bh - Bh ;I ;I o/_Bh ;I ;I

nz rh nk s w ; e rs s Jh

x 2 0 3

Bh ;I r_o/_ w_ rI o/_ rIo/_

o/_

Bh ;I ;I

u[ oh nKs s e o

es r s Jh_

x 2 0 3

Bh - ;IBh ;I o/_;I o/_ Bh[ X g g

n? s ;/s s ns Bk s oh s ;'_

g o/ w - g Xg X w

o/

r o/

w/ s o' s g o:'_s s ek s w

x 2 0 3

14 gzH UIeko BkE mke[o, ;zrhsKibh (Gkr-1), gzBk 83-84

293

okr ;kozr (fsqskb)

15

1

rhs

;EkJh - w[obh pikt/ ekBQ ,

fwqd{ w[;ekt/ B?B Bukt/ ,

g[fB g[fB rkt/ wBjh foMkt/ -

nzsok - gBxN nkt/ xNjh d[jokt/,

o; eh pshnK fBr{V ;{Bkt/,

gqDt ozr ;[y gkt/

skbh ftGkr

wksok 16 ftGkr 4

1,5,13 ykbh 9

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

x 2 0 3

o/ o/ Bh[ ;

w[ o bh p

;I - Bh[ - w g Bh[ gw o/ - Bh[ ; o/ o/ ; o/

ik s s s t/ s s ss ek s s BQ fwq d{ w[ ;

B[h ; ; - w o/ w g Bh[ Bh[ gw g w g Bh ;I

ek s t/ s B? s B B uk s t/s s g[ Bh g[ Bh

o/_ w_ o/_ ;I Bh ;I o/_ ;I Bh ; Bh[ g w o/ Bh[ ;

rk s t/ s w B jh oh Mk s t/ s w[ o bh p

nzsok

w w w w g - Bh - ;I ;I ;I ;_ o/_ Bh ;I -

g B x N nk s t/ s x N jh d[ ok s t/ s Bh ;I o/_ w_ o/_ o/_ ;I - Bh ;I o/_ ;I bh ;I Bh[ g

o ; eh s p sh nK s fB r{ v ;{ bk s t/ s g o/_ ;I o/_ Bh ;I Bh[ g o/ w Bh[ g

gq D t oz s r ;[ y gk s t/ s

15 gzH UIeko BkE mke[o, ;zrhsKibh (Gkr-1), gzBk 42-43

294

okr r{ioh s'Vh

16

1

;EkJh - nki w'o/ wB bkr' bzrotk,

r[B ozr o; nfXe i:'s,

wstko' ;kiB ;[xo iBtk .. Xo[H..

nzsok - ;[rw ;[rzXB uzdB nzfrs,

p'b ;pd Bhe/ o; wBjo,

rks o{g rs *nwo* ;'js wBtk .. 1 .. (T[H nwkb nbh yK)

fszBskb$do[Zs b?n

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

x 2 0 3

- o/ - r[ r[ o/ ; ;

s nk s i w' o/ w B

;X[X[ -X[ - w r[ w r[ o/[ ; - , X[

A

r[ o/[ r[ ; ;

bkss ss s r' s bz r o tk s , r[ B oz r o ;

X[

A

X[

A

X[

A

; - ; o/[ r[ o/[ - - X[ - r[ w X[

n fX e i:' s s w s tk s s o' s ;k i B

o/_[Bh Bh[X[ X[w wr[ r[o[/ o/[; ; o/[

;

Bah,

;[zs ds os ;{s xs os i B tk,

nzsok

X[ w X[ r[ w - X[Bh- X[w

;[ r w ;[ rz s Xss Bs X[Bh ;I ;I ;I ;I Bh o/[_

;I , Bh

X[ -

Bh

X[

Bh

X[ Bh Bh ;I -

uzs s d B nz s fr s , p' s b ; p d Bh s

;I o/[_r[_ o/[_ ;I Bh ;I X[ X[ , r[_ - r[_ r[ - r[ w X[

e/ ss o ; w B j o , rk s s o{ s g r s

o/[_Bh BhX[ X[w wr[ r[o[/ o/[; ; o/[ Bah ,

ns ws os ;'s js ss w B tk ,

16 ;zrhs (iB 2006), fGzvh pkiako xokDk nze, gzBk 106

295

okr i'r

17

18

1

;EkJh - n?;' pBtkoh wkJh j'

;iBk ;yhnB ;zrQ

fwb v'o/ oh .. Xo[Ç..

nzsok - ohM foMkt/ pz;h ;' j[b;kts

nwo ns wB p'o/ oh .. 1 ..

(TH nwkB nbh yK)

o{ge$wZX b?n

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7

0 1 2

B[hga

A

;Bh[

A

-rw

J/s ;'s spB

w -

g

r wg w

wBh[

g rw

tk s s ss s oh ss r[ - ; o/Bh[; ,

A

Bh[ga

B[h

;I Bh[g

wk s Jh j'ss , ;i Bk ;fy

g

;I - Bh[g Bh[ w Bh[g rw

: s ss B s ;zr fwb

;

r[ - ; o/Bh[; , A

v' s o/ ohss ,

nzsok

w Bh[g

oh Moh

;I - - ;I , ;I r_ -w_

Mk s s t/ , pz ;h s r[_ - ;I Bh[g w rw g;I

;' s s j[b ;k ts nw

;I - Bh[g Bh[ w Bh[g rw

o s ss s s ns wB

r[ - ; o/Bh[; ,

A

p' s o/ ohss ,

17 ;zrhs (iB 2006), fGzvh pkiako xokDk nze, gzBk 110

296

(;) fyankb (;z;koe f;azrko)

rhs

19

1

;EkJh - gkgh gghjk ;'tB Bkjh_ d/s,

bkr/_ gbe B/e spjh_ irkt/ u/s

nzsok - n?;h T{m/ j{e w'o/ ihnk w/,

u?B go/ Bkjh_, ip gh eh e{e d/s .

Mgskb wksok 10

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x 2 0 3

; Bh w r w g - Xg Xg X

gk s gh s g gh s rs ss s ;_Bh o/_Bh;_- X Bh w Xg X w r r

;' ss t s B Bks jh_ d/ s s

Bh - ;_Bh ;_ o/_ Bh ;_ BhX Bh X g

bk s r/_s s g b e B/s ss e

;IBh o/_Bh;_- X Bh w Xg X w r r

ss pss- jh s i rks t/ u/ s s

nzsok

w r w BhX ;_ Bh -

o/_

Bh ;_ ;_

n? s ;h ss T[ m/ s j{ s e

Bh - ;_Bh ;_ o/_ ;_Bh o/_Bh;_- X Bh g

w' s o/s s ih nks sss- w/_ s s

r w g X ;_ X gX Bh r_w_

o/_

r_ o/_

u? s B s g o/s ss Bks s

jh

;_Bh o/_Bh;_- X Bh w Xg X w r r

is pss- gh s eh e{s e d/ s s

19 gzH UIeko BkE mke[o, ;zrhsKibh Gkr-1, gzBk 82-83

297

2 okr Mhbc (nk;ktoh EkN)

20

r[ ns/ Bh e'wb ns/ d'B'_ X?ts bZrd/ jB

nko'j ; o/ r[, w g X[, Bh g ;I, X Bh g, g X Bh

nto'j ;I

;I

Bh

1

X[ g, X[ w g, r[ w ;

;EkJh - xB o{gB i'pB fJsB' wB pY/ Gkt

eo jh BoB,

wrB-wrB r[B, wX[o p'b/ p'b/ ..Xo[aaH..

nzsok - nbe f;zarko eo wzuB uzdB p;B s/_

fdqrGo/ eioB, n"o wKr Go/ w[es-w[es

sp *nwo* d/y v'b/ ..1..

(ouBkeko - T[ nwkBnbh yK)

;EkJh fJZeskb$do[Zs b?n

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

x 0 2 0 3 4

; o/ r[ - w g

x B o{ s g B

Bh

X[ - - - Bh g, g g X[X[ gw g g

i' s s p s B, fJ s B's ss w B

g ;_ - ;_ - ;_, o/_;_ ;_ B[hX[ Bh X[g gw w

p Y/ s Gk s t, es os jhs Bs os B

g X Bh[ ;_ X[ X, g g X[ w g r[

w r B w r B, r[ B w X[ o p'

- r[ r[ - w ;

s b p' s b/ s

nzsok

g X[ w w g X[ ;_ ;_ g - g g

n b e f;z rk o e o wz s u B

g X[ w w g X[ ;_ - o/_ Bh[ X[ w

uz d B p ; B s/_ s fdq r G o/

g g ;_ ;_ - ;_, o/_ ;_ Bh[ X[ g w

e i s o s B, n" o wK r G o/

g X Bh[ ;_ X[ X[ g g X[ w g r[

w[ e s w[ e s s p n w o d/

- r[ r[ - w ;

s y v' s b/ s

20 gzH UIeko BkE mke[o, ;zrhsKibh Gkr-1, gzBk 77-78

298

okr Bkr;toktbh (eoBkfNe ;zrhs dk fJZe okr )

21

nto'j : ;_ X g w r ; .

;EkJh - nki ;yh w'oh nkJh, pB-mB xB w[y ;[jkJh,

ugb Mbe ;is nzr, nsh B?BB wdB GkJ/ ..Xo[H..

nzsok - ike/ w[yuzdq ;'j/, s?;' r[B-o{g w'j/,

fJmbkts Btb Bko, d/y *nwo* wB p"okJ/ ..1..

;EkJh fJZeskb$do[Zs b?n

3 (ouBkeko - UH nwkB nbh yK)

tofis ;[o - o/ ns/ Bh

;ztkd - w-;

;wK - oks

nko'j : ; r w g X ;_ .

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

x 0 2 0 3 4

r - w r ; - r - w g - g

nk s i ; yh s w' s oh nk s Jh

r

w

g

X

r

w

X

g

w

r

-

;

p B m B x B w[ y ;[ jk s Jh

r w r, ; r ; r

g

w

X

g X;_ - ;_

u g b M b e ; i s nzs s r

g X X;_ - X g X g w r - ;

n sh B?s s B B w d B Gk s J/

nzsok

r

g

w g X r w g;_ ;_ ;_ ;_ - ;_

ik s e/ s w[ y uzs s dq ;' s j/

g - X;_ X;_ ;_ ;_ r_ - w_ r_ - ;_

s? s ;'s ss r[ B o{ s g w' s j/

g X ;_ g X w X g w r - ;

fJ m bk s t s B t b Bk s o

; - ;_ ;_ ;_ g gX gX w[ r - ;

d/ s y n

w o ws sB p" ok s J/

21 gzH UIeko BkE mke[o, ;zrhsKibh Gkr-1, gzBk 80-81

299

okr e/dko (ouBkeko-f;ankw dk; fwÅaq)

22

1

e?;/ nkT{_ nzrBk, pkbwtk fgqnsw .

pkdb rois, uwes fpi[ohnk vo bkr/ ..

;EkJh Mgskb$wZXb?n

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

x 2 0 3

X - g - w g X g

e? s ;/ s nk T{_ nz r

w - o/ - ; o/ ; - XBh ;_o/_

Bk s pk s b w tk s fgqn ss ;_Bh Xg ss

ws

nzsok

g - ;_ ;_ ;_ o/_ ;_ ;_ X Bh

pk s d b r o i s u w

;I w_ o/_ ;_ X g w g X;_ X;_

e s fp i[ oh nk v o bks ss g - r/ s

22 ;zH beFwh BkokfJD ror, ;zrhs 1977, gzBk 12-13

300

okr fGB ;aVi

23

1

fsqskb

rhs

;EkJh- brBh ek gzE fBokbk,

fiBe/ B?B br/ gqhsw ;'I

;dk oj/ wstkbkHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHbrBh,

nzsok- ;B/j ;[Xko; Se/ Sekt/,

eo/ w'j wd Skok,

S/d/I G/d @gqDt# ;p czdk,'

eo/ irs T[finkokHHHHHHHHHHHHHbrBh

;EkJh

fsqskb

wksok ftGkr 16 skbh ftGkr 1, 5, 13 ykbh 9

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

x 2 0 3

r w r - ; - B[h ; X[ B[h

2 b r Bh s ek s gz s E Bh

; B[h; w - r ; r w r - ; - B[h ; X[ B[h

ok ss bk s s s b r Bh s ek s gz s y Bh

;

A

B[h; A w - - - - - ok w X Bh ;I - ;I Bh

ok ss bk s s s s s fi B e/ s B? s B b

X Bh ; wI rI rA ;I -

Bh

X ;I - Bh X w X Bh

r/ s gqh s s w ;'I s ; dk s o j/ s w s

X - w - ok ;

tk s bk s s s 0

x 2

nzsok

r= - w w X w

Bh

X Bh

;B/ s j ;[ Xk s o ;

;I ;I -

Bh

X Bh g ;I - X ;I - Bh X w X Bh

S e/ s S ek s t/ s e o/ s w' s j w d

X - - - w - rw- - X Bh ;I rI wI - wI wI

Sk s s s ok s sss s S/ s d/ s G/ s d gq

rI ;I rI wI ok - ;I - X ;I - Bh X w X Bh

D t ; p cz s dk s e o/ s i r s T[ fi

X - w - r ; r w r - ; - B[h ; X[ B[h

nk s yk s s s b r Bh s ek s gz s E fB

ok Bah; w s s s

ok s s bk s s s

23 gzH UIeko BkE mke[o, ;zrhsKibh, Gkr-1, gzBk 64-65

301

(j) m[woh (Xkofwe f;azrko)

okr G?oth

24

1

- fszBskb

;EkJh - vro w'oh SKV' SKV' S?btk

w'oh wkB' ih wkB' ih BNtko/ .

nzsok - rfbB rfbB e' iKus v'bs

pkBh ejs jkoh bbB ghnk

BNyNtk pJh_nK B rj' B rj'

w'oh B rj' n?;/ S?btk ..

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

x 2 0 3

-o/[ B[h ; r[ w

sv r o w' oh

g (X[) g g r[ - r[wg w o/[ o/[ ; - g ;I B[h ;I

SK s s V' SK s ssV' S? s b tk s w' oh wk B'

B[h X[ g X[ g X[ g w r[ o/[ ;, -o/[

ih wk B' ih wk B' ih B N tk o/, sv

nzsok

r[ r[ w w

r fb B r

X[ X[ B[h X[ ;I - ;I ;I o/[_ Bh[ ;I ;I ;I o/[_ ;I Bh[

fb B e' s iK s u s v' s b s pk s Bh e

;I B[h X[ B[h X[ g X[ g w r[ - g w o/[ o/[ ;

j s jk s oh b b B gh nk s B N y N tk

; - ; ; g g g ;I B[h ;I ;I B[h ;I B[h X[ Bh[

pJh_ s nk Bk r j' Bk s r j' s w' s oh Bk s X[ g w g r[ r[wg (g) w o/[ o/[ ;, -o/[

r j' s s J/ sss ;/ S? s b tk, sv

24 bhbk ekotkb, m[woh gohu?n, gzBk 60-61

302

okr fsbe ekw'd - fszBskb

25

1

;EkJh - wXtk wzrkT_{ ghnk nXko ;iB

;/ihnk eo{z f;azrko c[bprhnk ;'_

wbhnk ;'_ c[btk wzrkT{_

r/_dk r[bkp p/bk uw/bh

r[bsZ[ok e/seh fBtkoh

i{jh w'shnk e' jotk rotk vko' w[e[]N w[y

fBrko' eke' fgnko' brs o{g :kjh pdB

mko' wro' .

nzsok - s[w s' fBs jh nkBk ikBk

wkos ojs j' fB;akBk ekBjk

nki w[e[o e/ eo bki tke' eo/

n" f;oski *bbB ghnk* ngBh ;'_

o{g ;zGko' wjko' ..

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

x 2 0 3

ga ga Bah Bah ; ; r o/ r ; - ; o/ r o/ g

w X tk wz rk T{_ gh nk n Xk s o ; i B ;/

x 2 0 3

w r ; o/ r (;) - ; Bah Bah ; ; ; - ; -

ih nk e o{z f;z rk s o c{ b p rh nk s ;'_ s x 2 0 3

o/ o/ w - g - - - Bh Bh ;_ Bh ;_ - ;_ -

w bh nk s ;'_ s s s c[ b tk wz rk s T{_ s x 2 0 3

o/_ r_ ;_ Bh ;_ - ;_ - Bh ;_ g X w r o/ -

oh_ s dk r[ bk s p s p/ s bk u w/ s bh s 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

x 2 0 3

Bh Bh ;_ - ; -

w

o/ - w w - w g - g -

r[ b s[o s ok s e/ s s eh s fB tk s oh s x 2 0 3

g X w r o/ r Bah ; w - Bah Bah ; - ; ;

i{ s jh w' s sh nk s e' s j o tk s r o

x 2 0 3

; - o/ - g - w r o/ r o/ r Bah - ; -

tk s vk s o' s w[ e[ o w[ y fB jk s o' s x 2 0 3

o/ - w - g - ;I - g X g w - r o/ -

ek s e' s fgnk s o' s b r s o{ s s g s x 2 0 3

Bah - Bah - ; ; ; - o/ r - ; ; - ; -

x 2 0 3

nk s jh s p d B s mk s s o' wjk s o' s x 2 0 3

25 bhbk ekotkb, m[woh gohu?n, gzBk 114-116

303

nzsok

x 2 0 3

w

o/

w

o/ w - w w w - g - g - g - g -

s[ w s' s fB s jh s nk s Bk s ik s Bk s x 2 0 3

w - w w g g g Bh Bh ;_ - ;_ ;_ - ;I -

wk s o s o j s j' fB ;ak s Bk ek s Bjk s x 2 0 3

g - g g X g w - w w ; - ; ; - ;

nk s i w[ e[ o e/ s e o bk s i tk s e'

x 2 0 3

w o/ w - w w g - g - Bh Bh Bh Bh ;_ -

e o n" s f; o sk s i s b b B gh nk s x 2 0 3

r o/ g w r o/ r Bah ; - ; - ; - ; -

n g Bh ;'_ o{ s g ;z Gk s o' s wjk s o' s x 2 0 3

304

okr d/; fsqskb

26

1

;EkJh- ;Kto/ w/oh pJhnK rj' Bk,

;Kto/ w'oh pJhnK rj' Bk .

nzsok- w?I s'I Bkoh gokJ/ xo eh,'

w/o/ Go';/ ;akw oj' Bk .

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

x 2 0 3

- r - w o/ r Bah ;

s ;K s t o/ s w' oh

o/ - w g gX

;I

Bh[ X g - g X w wr o/r Bah ;

pJhI s nK r j' s s BK s s ;K s t o/s ss w' oh

r[r[ o/;o/ w g ;I;IBh[X Bh[

g

X g

pJhI s

sss nK r j' sss s s Bk

nzsok

- w - g Bh ;I ;I -

Bh ;I s w?I s s' Bk s oh s g Bh - ;I ;I o/I o/I - gBh ;Io/I ;I Bh[ Xg X Xw ro/

g ok s J/ x o eh s w/s ss o/ G o' s s ;/ ss w

o/ - w g wg XBh[

g

X g

;ak s w o j';I s s s Bk

26 okik G?nk g[zS tkb/, m[woh sozfrDh, gzBk 8

305

okr fsbe ekw'd

27

1

;EkJh- Bho GoB e?;/ ikT{I ;yh oh,

vro ubs w';/ eos oko .

nzsok- n?;' uzub ugb jN BN yN

wkBs ekj{ eh pks, fpBsh eos np

rJh oh jko .

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

x 2 0 3

r o/ g w r ;o/ - r

Bh o G o B e?s s ;/

; - ; ; (;) - Bah - ga ga Bah ; o/ r[ ; o/

ik s T{I ; yh s oh s v r o u b s w' ;/

w g X w ro/ r ; -

e o s ok ss o w?I s

nzsok

g g Bh Bh ;I ;I g Bh

j N B N y N wk B

w w g g Bh Bh ;I ;I g Bh ;I o/I ;I Bh[ X g

n? ;' uz u b u g b fp B sh e o s n p

w g X w ro/ r ; -

ar dh rz r s s o w?I s

27 okik G?nk, okik G?nk g[zS tkb/, m[woh sozfrDh, gzBk 13-14

306

pzfd;a

28

1

(pzpJh ;NkfJb)

(fszB skb)

;EkJh- B?BB w/I p;/ w[okoh

r'poXB froXkoh ..

B?BB w/I HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH

nzsok- w[obhXo r'e[b e' o;hnk

f;ankw fpjkoh g? tko{z ;yh..

B?BB w/IHHHHHHHHHHHHH

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

x 2 0 3

r g Bh X - w r - ;

B? B B w/I s p ;/ s w[

o/ - - - ; - ; - ; - r w g g Bh Bh

ok s s s s oh s s s r' s p o g B fr o

gBh ;IBh XBh ;IBh X g r r

Xks ss ss ss oh s B B?

nzsok

Bh[ Bh[ Bh[ Bh[X g Xg wr w

w[ o bh ss X o s r's s g X X gX Bh Bh ;I - rI o/IrI o/IrI o/I;I ;Io/I ;Io/I - ;IBh

e[ b e' ss o f; nk s ;ak wks ss fps jk s ohs ss g?s Bh;I o/I;I Bh X g -

ps ss o{z ; yh s

28 beFwh BkokfJD ror, m[woh nze 1961, gzBk 42

307

(e) m[woh (;z;koe f;azrko)

okr G?oth-isskb (ftbzps)

29

1

;EkJh - pki{pzd y[b y[b ikJ/,

ikJ/ o/

;Ktohnk B/ ikd{ wkok .

nzsok - ikd{ eh g[Vhnk Go-Go wko/ ..

nzuok T[Vh-T[Vh ikJ/ o/ ..

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

2 3

r[o/wr[ o/r[o/,; o/[; o/[;B[h; r[ w g

Bh[

X[

pksss sssi{ pzd ssss y[ b y[ b

g - - wr[ r[; gwgw o/[ ; ;wr[gw g(w) r[w o/[; r[ w g

B[h

X[

ik s s J/s ik sJ/ss o/ s pkssss si{ pzs ds y[ b y[ b

g - - wr[ r[w gwgw

w

o/[ ; r[ g g g X[ X[ g (r[)

ik s s J/s iks sJ/ss o/ s n p ;K t oh nk s B/

r[ w r[w r[wgw

;

r[ w

w

o/[ ; ;o/r[wgX[wg rwrwgw r[w o/[; r[ w g X[

ik s ss sssd{ wk s ok s pksssssss sssssi{ pzs ds y[ b y[ b

g - - wr[ r[w gwgw

w

o/[ ;

ik s s J/s iks sJ/ss o/ s

nzsok

r w

B[h

X[ B[h ;I o/_[ ;I -

ik s d{ eh g[ Vh nk s ;I

B[h

;I

B[h ;I ;I B[h;Io/[;I B[h;I

;I

X[ g g g g - g X[ B[h ;I

G o G o wksss ss o/ s nz u ok s T[ Vh T[ Vh

X[ B[h X[,X[ gwr[ r[wgw r[w o/[ ;

ik s J/,p sss sssi{ pzs d s

29 bhbk ekotkb, m[woh gohu?n, gzBk 57

308

okr fsbzr-fsqskb

30

1

;EkJh- ghnk e/ nktB eh ;[Bs ypohnk,

pkN ses jw Bhe Biohnk .

nzsok- edo ghnk s[wo/ ekoB ;',

SkJ/ ojh i?;h ekoh pdohnk .

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

x 2 0 3

; ; r r w w g Bh[g

gh nk e/ nk t B eh ss Bh (;I)

g

Bh[ X r (;) r - Bh - Bh Bh ;I (;I) Bh[ g

;[ B s y p oh nk s pk s N s e s j w

BhI;o/I Bh;I Bh[ g r (w) r -

B/ ss ss e B i oh nk s

nzsok

r w g Bh ;I Bh;I ;I ;I

e d o gh nk ss s[ w

g Bh ;I - ;I

;

IrI

o/I

rI (;I) - rI - wI rI (;I) - Bh[ g

o/ s ek s o Bs ;' s Sk s J/ o jh s i? ;h

r w g Bh[ g (w) r -

ek s oh p d oh nk s

30 okik G?nk g[zS tkb/, m[woh sozfrDh, gzBk 17-18

309

okr d/;a - fJZeskb

31

1

;EkJh - ghnk eo Xo d/y' XVes j? w'oh SshnK

n?;h oshnK ekoh Gkoh nsh jh vokts

nukBe nkB rj/ bhBjh_ pJhnK .

nzsok - s[w s' n?;/ o;hnk ngB/ jh o; e/ rkje

ekj{ eh pks B wkBs np j{z ;[Bs fBe;s

w'o/ w[y ;'_ pshnK ..

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

x 0 2 0 3 4

B[h X w g ;I B[h X g

gh nk e o X o d/ y'

x 0 2 0 3 4

X g w r w r w o/r[ ;o/ w - w

X V e s j? s s ;'s s oh s S

x 2 0

g - g - w - g X w r o/ -

sh s nK s n? s ;h s o sh nK s x 2 0

o/ o/ g w r o/ r[ o/ ; Bah ; ;

ek oh Gk oh n sh jh v ok s t s

x 2 0

o/ o/ w w g - X X B[h X g ;_

n uk B e nk s B r j/ s bh Bjh_

x 2 0

B[h X g -

pJh_ s nK s

nzsok

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

w w g -

s[ w s' s x 2 0

Bh Bh ;_ Bh ;I Bh ;I - Bh Bh ;I ;I

nz s ;h s ;h s nk s n g B/ jh

x 2 0

o/_ r[I o/_ ;I o/_ Bh ;I ;I X X X -

o ; e/ s rk s j B ek j{ eh s x 2 0

g - B[h ;_ B[h X g g g o/_ ;I o/_

pk s s B wk s B s n p j{z ;[

x 2 0

Bh ;_ g Bh ;I o/_ Bh X w o/ w g

B s fB e ; s w' o/ w[ y ;'_ s x 2 0

B[h X g -

p sh nK s

31 bhbk ekotkb, m[woh gohu?n, gzBk 151-152

310

m[woh ywki (uKuo - dhguzdh, 14 wksok)

32

1

;EkJh - ikt' edo Bkjh_ p'b' jw ;/ .

jw ;/ pj[s/o/ s[wo/ dw ;/ ..

nzsok - M{mh brkts w'j/ Bkjh_ Gkts .

j' joikJh s[w s' iBw ;/ ..

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

x 2 0 3

; - - r - - r w w - r w g X

ik s s t' s s e d o s s s Bk jh_

x 2 0 3

Bh - - ;I - - - o/_ ;I (;I) - B[h - X

g

X

p' s s b' s s ss j w s ;/ s s s x 2 0 3

Bh - - ;_ - ;I ;I

;I

X

X

;I - B[h - X -

jw s s ;/ s p j{ s/ s s o/ s s s x 2 0 3

g

r w - g - - X r w - r - - -

s[ w s o/ s s s d w s ;/ s s s x 2 0 3

nzsok

w r w B[h X - Bh ;I - Bh ;I - ;I -

M{ s s mh s s b rk s s t s s s x 2 0 3

Bh Bh - ;I - ;I - ;I Bh ;I B[h - X -

w' j/ s Bk s jh s Gk s s t s s s x 2 0 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

x 2 0 3

Bh - - ;I - ;I -

;

IX

X

;I - B[h - X -

j' s s j s o s ik s s Jh s s s x 2 0 3

g

r w - g - - X r w - r - - -

s[ w s s' s s i B w s ;/ s s s x 2 0 3

32 Fso[xB F[eb, m[woh eh T[sgZsh, ftek; n"o F?bhnK, gzBk 101-102

311

okr d/; - f;skoykBh

33

1

;EkJh - pbw ftd/;a ;iBh w/o' .

nzsok - Bk ikB{z ejK SkJ/ fpbwkJ/

Bk ikB{z ejK SkJ/ fpbw oj/

ihnk fpu T[ms nzd/;a ..

;EkJh

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

w

o/ w g X

g

w

p b w s ft

x 2 0 3

w - - o/

r

o/ -

o

/r Bah ; - - , o/ w g X

g

w

d/ s s s s s s ;a s s s , p b w s ft

x 2 0 3

w - r w ro/ r

;

Bah o/ ; - - o/

w

w g X w

d/ s s s ;as s ; i Bh s s p b w s ft

x 2 0 3

w - - o/ o/ r - (Bah) ; - - - o/ w g -

d/ s s s s s s ;a s s s s ; i Bh s x 2 0 3

Xgwg Bh ;I -

X

g -

g

X - w - -

w

o/

w/sss s s s s s s s o' s s , p

nzsok

x 2 0 3

w g Bh ;I Bh

Bk ik B{z s e

x 2 0 3

;I - ;I o/I;I B[h - g Bh gBh;Io/_ -o/_ rIo/IrI[o/_;I w

;I

Bh

;I

Bh ;I Bh

jK s Sk J/ s s fp b wksss sJ/ sssss Bk ik B{z s e

x 2 0 3

;I - ;I o/_;Io/_;IBh g Bh Bh;Io/_ -o/_ rIo/_rIo/_;I Bh ;I o/I Bh Bh Bh Bh

jkI s Sk J/ssss fp b wss so j/ssss s ih nk fp u T[ m

x 2 0 3

;I g gX Xgwg ;I - g X[ w - o/ ,

w

o/

s s nz d/sss s s s s ; s s , p

x 2 0 3

33 bhbk ekotkb, m[woh gohu?n, gzBk 144-145

312

nzfsek

pzfdFK dh ;{uh

bVh BzH pzfdFk dk Bkw gzBk BzH

(T) Xogd F?bh ftZu nfXnkswe fFzrko dhnK pzfdFK

(n) Xogd F?bh ftZu ;z;koe fFzrko dhnK pzfdFK

(J) fyankb F?bh ftZu nfXnkswe fFzrko dhnK pzfdFK

(;) m[woh F?bh ftZu nfXnkswe fFzrko dhnK pzfdFK

(j) m[woh F?bh ftzu ;z;koe fFzrko dhnK pzfdFK