24/6/05 Dr. J.J. Remedios, EOEP review, 27/6/2005 1

Highlights of Atmospheric Science from ESA Satellites

J.J. Remedios

EOS-SRC, Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, U.K.

With acknowledgements to a large no. of contributors!

http://www.leos.le.ac.uk/home/

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Atmospheric Instruments

• ERS-1/2

GOME

ATSR-1/2

MWR

• ENVISAT

MIPAS

SCIAMACHY

GOMOS

AATSR

MERIS

MWR

• OTHER [NON-ESA] MISSIONS

MOPITT on EOS-TERRA

MLS ON EOS-AURA

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NEW SPECIES

OCS, SO2: OxfordPAN, formic acid: Leicester

450 pptv PAN, 1.2 ppbv formic acid in China outflow

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The Near-Surface atmosphere

Climate gases

Pollutants - Air Quality

Emission sources – climate and air quality

Aerosols

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CLIMATE GASES

Images courtesy of MOPITT team

CO2 columns with column errors < 3%

SCIAMACHY CO2: Leicester

SCIAMACHY CH4: Heidelburg, KNMI Science paper

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POLLUTANTS

Images courtesy of MOPITT team

MOPITT day-night “surface” CO concentrations: Leicester

SCIAMACHY tropospheric NO2 columns: Heidelburg

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LONDON AIR QUALITY

PROMOTE SYSTEM:

Regional backgrounds from assimilation of satellite data

Integrated into very high spatial resolution air quality forecasts (CERC)

www.cerc.co.uk/yourair

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AEROSOLS

AATSR – AERONET Aerosol Optical Depth (Venice 1/9/2004)

AATSR infra-red Saharan dust: Leicester

(A)ATSR Visible Aerosol: Oxford/RAL

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The Upper TroposphereCirrus clouds,

Ozone

Transport into the stratosphere

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Clouds(Cirrus)

Cloud Optical depth Effective radiusCloud top pressureFalse colour

Clouds from AATSR: RAL

Cloud top heights from MIPAS: Leicester

Microphysics: Oxford

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Upper tropospheric gases

MLS CO at 146 mb: Edinburgh

MIPAS O3 at 146 mb: Leicester

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Age of Air from MIPAS SF6Zonal Mean August 2003

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OZONE DEPLETION: THE POLAR LOWER

STRATOSPHEREAnomalous Antarctic ozone hole of 2002

Polar stratospheric cloud types

Denitrification

Chlorine processing

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Vintersol Polar Campaign 2002/3

G. Braathen, NILU

NAT, 2nd week, December 2002

MIPAS 02/12/2002

MIPAS 03/01/2003 MODEL

DENITRIFICATION (LOSS OF HNO3): 03/01/2003

Leeds, Leicester

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ANOMALOUS OZONE HOLE OF 2002

Feng et al., JAS (2005)Leeds, Leicester, BAS, IMK

MIPAS MODEL

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Active and reservoir species in the Antarctic polar vortex

MLS observations:

Edinburgh, JPL

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Summary

• Science highlights in key areas:

Carbon cycle and climate gases

Air quality

Tropospheric composition and climate

Stratospheric ozone depletion

• Power of space missions demonstrated in atmospheric science but much remains to be done.

• Close working with field campaigns and models – integrated Earth System Science

• New species, higher spatial resolution

• Challenges to come:

bridging the temporal gap

Maximum information for the near-surface atmosphere

Integrated nadir and limb observations

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Acknowledgements

• Leicester University

• British Antarctic Survey

• Cambridge University

• Cambridge Environment Research Consultants (CERC)

• Edinburgh University

• Leeds University

• Reading University

• Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

• The Met. Office

Acknowledgments to NERC, ESA, EC and Defra for funding.

Contrails, Burton-on-Trent,

Dave Moore, Weather, Feb 2005