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#38 NAYELI BONFIL FLORES

4 areas of the region The Tehuacan ValleyTehuacan Chilac, Altepexi, Ajalpan, San Jose Miahuatln and Coxcatln are themunicipalities of this region.The Tehuacn Valley is regarded as "the cradle of corn inMesoamerica ", and therefore the American agriculture in this region. In this "APeople Popoloca". Klaus Jcklein. National Indigenous Institute.SEP-INI - 25, Mexico City, 1974. z 16 area was discovered agricultural cultivationby the year 6000. C., marking the beginning ofa new era in the history of mankind in America. Different types ofpumpkin and avocado were the first species to be cultivated when they were stillwild corn, chile and beans.Maize was domesticated between 5000 and 3500. C., thus gradually human

culture in the region was transformed from hunter to farmer, ie a sedentarynomadic or semi-nomadic.50 The first settlements that existed in the Tehuacn Valley and that eventuallywould become the current peoples of the region dating back to 3000 BC. C.

Approx. These ancestral inhabitants and grew cotton andgrew corn, beans and squash, dressed in cotton, cassava orMagueyes.

The * is semiarid Tehuacan Valley, composed of thickets, mesquite and

chaparral as well as a wide variety of cacti.

Currently the people of the Valley have been rapidly losing their


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indigenous and peasant condition as many of its people, especially young

people, working in sweatshop garment industry, but still continues growing

corn, beans, squash, tomatoes, garlic, shallots, cassava, alfalfa, chilies and

cane sugar and other products.

Today agricultural production Tehuacn Valley is in a

period back to consumption, since production for regional and national trade

that made the region until the eighties, a major producer of tomato, garlic

and corn nationally, has reached very low levels by capitalization of the

Mexican countryside in general, in addition to production which manages to

introduce to the market is underpaid by intermediaries regional producers.

In the region still remains the production of handicrafts like making reed

baskets in Altepexi, and the traditional dressmaking chaneles in Chilac. Both

manufactures are sold beyond the region. Basketry altepexana sold in

Puebla, Mexico City and even exported to This.

ALTEPEXI:


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Sociodemogrfico profile:

Ethnic groups

There popoloca group families.

According to the results presented in the Second Population and Housing, 2005, in

the municipality they inhabit a total of 8.437 people who speak an indigenous

language

demographic trends

According to the Census of Population 1995 INEGI the municipality has 13.741

inhabitants, 6.737 men and 7.004 women, with a population density of 214

inhabitants per square kilometer, having an annual growth rate of 2.22%. It is

estimated that by 2000 the population is of 15.310 with a population density of 240

inhabitants per square kilometer.

Regarding exclusion have an index of 0.080, meaning that their degree of

marginalization is average, so 156 ranks with the rest of the state.

It has a birth rate of 24%, a mortality rate of 3.8% and a mortality rate of 9.2%.

According to the results presented in the Second Population and Housing 2005,

the municipality had a total of 17.238 inhabitants.

religion

In the township the predominant religion is Roman Catholicism with 90%, followed

to a lesser extent by the Protestant 8% and 2% various religions.

ACTIVITY:

Agriculture

The main agricultural products in the municipality that has highlighted the corn,

tomato vegetables, tomato and green chile.


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Ajalpanproduces building materials such as bricks and tiles, which are

used both for housing in the region, and for the

construction of public schools in Oaxaca and Guerrero.

In Calipam, in the municipality of Coxcatln, lies a wit

sugarcane producers working with Tehuacn Valley and La Caada.

The Sierra Negra

The Sierra Negra is comprised of eight municipalities, is bordered by the Sierra

Zongolica of Veracruz and the Sierra Mazatec of Oaxaca. Indigenous peoples

existing in this area are Nahuas and Mazatec.

Geographically divided into two basic areas, or mountain high and lower

known as Tierra Caliente. The first is located in the municipalities of Tehuacn,

Ajalpan, Coxcatln, Vicente Guerrero, San Antonio Caada, Nicols Bravo and

partsSan Miguel Eloxochitln, Zoquitlan and Coyomeapan. The second is formed

by Tlacotepec Diaz and parts of San Miguel Eloxochitln, Ajalpan, Zoquitlan and

Coyomeapan.

The mountain area is known for its timber resources that

have been exploited mainly by the chiefs of the area of Nicholas

Bravo, Vicente Guerrero and Ajalpan.

Subsistence crops are produced and presented high rates of

marginalization and extreme poverty. In these municipalities many people emigrate

work temporarily in cutting cane harvest in Calipam and row

Omealca mills, and Paso del Macho Motzorongo in Veracruz. there are also

migrants in the United States. Others go to the city as builders in the industry

construction and in the maquiladoras. In fact in this area of the Sierra Negra

maquiladoras are operating three. A Santa Catarina Otzolotepec -

population belonging to Tehuacn - and two Vicente Guerrero, one of the

Tarrant Apparel and other transnational who installed the Ministry of Finance

state government as "social project".


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La Mixteca:Tehuacn is somehow the beginning or end of the regions that comprise the

Mixtec area that encompasses the states of Puebla, Oaxaca and Guerrero. Within

theMixtec Tehuacanera are the municipalities of Tehuacn, Zapotitlan,

Caltepec and Acatepec towards Coixtlahuaca and Huajuapan de Len, Oaxaca.The area is located in the area of the Biosphere Reserve Tehuacn -

Cuicatln, which consists of the valley and mountains Zapotitln and

Knot glens Mixteco. This whole area is a forest of cacti desert

endemic, many of them endangered. It is a semi-arid region, almost

uninhabited and wild.Against this background of desert life, agriculture is almost

nonexistent. People live

artisanal production of palm hats and backpacks, and onyx handicrafts,

but as these products are very poorly paid, the area has become a

ejector region of migrants to the United States. It is estimated that in New York

Mexican 800.000 inhabitants, of which 600.000 are poblano source and about

10,000 are in the region of these mysterious mountains of abundant cactus.

62 This has somewhat improved the economic situation of the region by sending

the migrant remittances, but instead has imported diseases such as AIDS, and

substance abuse among youth.

SAN JOS MIAHUATLN:

ECONOMIC ACTIVITY:

Agriculture

The municipality produces grains like corn and beans grown in forage alfalfa,vegetables have about: chile, garlic, tomatoes and tomato, fruit is the cane.animal husbandry


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In this activity, the municipality has only won backyard, among which are: cattle,pigs and horses mainly, plus others such as mules and donkeys. There are alsoseveral poultry rearing.

industry

This town has food manufacturing and blacksmiths and incipient development only.

trade

The main businesses are: grocery stores, fruit, vegetables, ice cream parlors,snack, miscellaneous and small shops.

services

It offers facilities like eateries and diners for food preparation, automotive repairshops, bicycles and appliances.

Economic activities of the municipality

The economically active population of the municipality represents 38.4% of thetotal. Of this 97.9% are employed and 2.1% unemployed. Besides the totaleconomically active population is 59.6%.

costume


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Flora and Fauna

The vegetation of this region has a great variety and among the main highlights:

Agave karwinskii Zucc "Cachitn"

Agave Kerchovei Lem "Ixtle"Yuca periculosa Baker "Izote"

Brahea dulcis "Palma"

Gymnoperma glutinosum "straw and grosgrain"

Ceiba parvifolia Rose "Pochote"

Bursera arid "Palo mulato"

Cephalocereus "white Cardon"

Escontria chiotilla "Quiotilla"

Myrtillocactus geomentizans "Garambullo"

Neobuxbaumia "Tetecho".

Stenocereus pruinosus "Pitayo"

Hylocereus "Pitahaya"

Echinocactus "mother Seat"

Ferocactus "Biznaga"

Piita Biznaga

Fauna:

squirrels

skunks

eagles

rabbits

vultures

bats

Rattlesnakes

iguanas

deer


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SAN GABRIEL CHILAC:It is a community located near the city of Tehuacn. This population was popoloca

home and was later conquered by the Spanish. Its name means Place of chile. The

Day of the Dead are armed colorful flower arrangements to decorate the candles

that people put in the offering and on the grave of their dead.We found the tenates full of fruits, flowers, bread donkey and confetti adorning

Chilac offerings

Regin del altiplano:Tepanco of LopezThe name of this town has two possible translations. It can be derived from the

word tepantli (or boundary wall) and-co (locative particle). In this case, as can be

seen in the boundary. The other possibility is when derived from tepan (scree) and-

co, from which can be translated as In the scree. The Lopez family name was

added in 1861, by decree of the State Congress of Puebla.

Historic Landmark: eighteenth-century parish church dedicated to San Juan

Bautista.

Crafts: They are crafted, woven palm and reed.ChapulcoName consisting of the Mexica, "or chapulli chapollin" from which the aztequismochapulin, lobster and "co" in, meaning "The Locusts or Grasshoppers".

Architectural Historic Landmark: parish church in honor of St. Peter built in the XVI

century, located in the county seat.

Crafts: tilled timber and tissues are made of palm and reed.

Nahuatl word derived from "miahuatl" ear of corn, "tlan" among or alongside and

make meaning "between the ears of corn stalks."


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Architectural Historical Monument: The parish church built in the sixteenth century,

dedicated to Lord James.

Crafts: Worked palm and reed. Hand embroidered dresses.

ONIX


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USESIt is mainly used in jewelry and decorative items, such as cameos, due to its

attractive green tones and the quality of its polish.

[edit] Varieties

There are four varieties of onyx:

Green Onyx: translucent shades and hues of green, the darker the shade most

precious. It usually brown veins. Often attracts small mammals that dead end

resting on the mineral.

Onyx San Martn: opaque, brown and reddish colors. Presents bands of different

intensities, and its extreme hardness allows a perfect polish.

Onixtin: onyx materials having both varieties.

Aragonite: whitish or greyish, where the fibers are thicker than previous varieties.[edit] Formation and deposits

It has a volcanic origin, caused by accumulation of volcanic gases.

In Argentina, this stone is in the town of La Toma, San Luis province, and in its

surroundings. It argues that quarries are the only ones on the planet, and they are,

but only green onyx. The largest producer of Onyx is Pakistan.

The America's largest reservoir is in the Laguna (state of Durango, Mexico).

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