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How to Write A Research Paper

SupportandElaborate

Focus

Organize

StyleProper

Conventions

Edit

Sources

A+ ResearchPaper

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How can I create a clearfocus inmy research paper

1. You need to start off by writing a insightful, well-stated thesis. A thesis is a statement that presents your argument on the essay topic and

lists the main points of your argument that you will discuss in your paper(you should have about three main points).

For more information on how to write a thesis, click here.

2. Write a introductory paragraph that describes your topic and explainswhy your topic is important. You want to draw the reader in.

3. Write a conclusion that restates your main ideas in a new andinteresting way You want to remind the reader of what you wanted them to get out of your

paper.

http://www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/handouts/thesis.htmlhttp://www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/handouts/thesis.html

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FocusSampleSample Essay Question: Why shouldteachers include the study of theHolocaust into their curriculums?

(Introduction)The Holocaust was the most significant

event during the twentieth century.It wasthe attempt to systematically destroy the

Jewish race and its culture. It led to thedestruction of six million Jews and to thedisplacement of millions more. The leaderof this attempt was Adolf Hitler, a namethat has been echoed in almost everycomprehensive history book since his time.He believed that Jewish people were notonly an inferior race, but also that they

were a threat to his people, the GermanAryan race. These racist beliefs inflictedpain and suffering not only in his time, but

for decades to come. The Holocaust is anessential historical event for teachers toinclude in their curriculums so that thetruth of this event will always beremembered, to deter events such as thisfrom happening again, and to promoterespect for diversity, one of Americas core

principles.

The firstsentenceintroducesthe readerto thetopic ofthe essay.Gets thereader

focused.

The nextseveralsentencesdescribesthe topicand pullsthe readerin.

The thesisstates theauthorsmainargumentsto bediscussedin thepaper.

(Conclusion)The necessity of including the

Holocaust in the curriculum of schoolstoday should no longer be a question. This

is a world that has seen the twentiethcentury labeled as the age of genocide.

The only way to prevent the loss of thetruth, to avoid the continued occurrence ofgenocide, and to truly teach our core valueof respect for diversity is to ensure that ourstudents are taught the lessons of theHolocaust.Educators must ensure thatthey are giving students the tools they willneed when they become the leaders of ournation to ensure that the label of the age

of genocide does not extend to thetwenty-first century.

The firstsentencerefocusesthe readerto theessay

question.

The nextseveralsentencessummarizes theauthorsmainpoints

The lastsentencerestateswhy theauthors

argumentisimportant.

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How can I support and elaborateon the focus?

1. Utilize ideas and information that clearly supports your thesis. You want to answer the 5 ws in your body paragraphs.

Therefore, in this paper, you want to explain the history of theconflict, the key events of the conflict, and how the internationalcommunity is and should be responding.

2. Provide a meaningful presentation of opposing perspectives Turn against your viewpoint, and reaffirm your argument.

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Immediately after revealing Hitlers atrocities to the world, the world cried, We will never forget! Countries

came together in order to form international laws to prevent genocide, or race-killing, from occurring ever again. Alliedsoldiers came home to their countries to tell their horrifying stories in order to ensure that their sons and daughterswould never have to witness what they had seen. However, international laws passed to prevent genocide were notpassed by the United States for forty years after the Holocaust ended. The stories passed on through the generations

began to fade. The word Holocaust was not even used in mainstream America until the 1960s, twenty years after ithappened. Today, numerous organizations around the world, including modern Nazi organizations and severalorganizations in the Muslim world, deny that the Holocaust occurred. They argue that it is Western propaganda to gainfavor for Jewish peoples. Teachers must continue to teach the Holocaust to ensure that the truth is known about whathappened during this time period. The victims of the Holocaust deserve to have their true story told.

History has the tendency to repeat itself if people do not stop and learn its lessons. Genocide has occurred inseveral countries since the Holocaust including Cambodia, Iraq, Bosnia, Rwanda, and Darfur . Each time theinformation is swept to the side and the majority of the Worlds leaders refuse to accept the comparison of thesecountries to the Holocaust until it is long over. When there is a leader who stands up and draws the comparison, theworlds people turn away and argue they need to focus on their own nations problems. By teaching the Holocaust,

future citizens can understand the ramifications of inaction while genocide is occurring. Perhaps the phrase, not onour watch, can take on enough meaning to give perpetrators the belief that we will not allow them to govern a country

on genocidal practices.

America is a country founded on diversity. Today, in schools, teachers are to teach their students to respectand appreciate the differences between themselves and others. If teachers did not do this, they would not be preparingtheir students for the future. Outside of schools, their students will need to work with others that will undoubtedly bedifferent from them. By studying the Holocaust, students will learn how judging others negatively based on theirdifferences may lead to misunderstanding and mistreating others. Without studying the Holocaust, students maynever understand how small racist jokes and prejudices may escalate to national practices that violate others rights. It

is also essential to show students the importance of standing up for others even if they themselves are not beingharmed by racist jokes, unfair laws, and unfair government practices. They will learn what happened in the Holocaust

when people stood by and watched their neighbors rights slowly disappear until eventually they were exterminated.Critics argue that including the Holocaust in a high school curriculum can expose children to dangerous

ideology, extraordinarily graphic images and stories, and an oversimplified version of events. However, examiningNazi ideology and these graphic images and stories is necessary to understanding the world today. Racist ideologiesare still prevalent in the world today and what better way to combat modern racist ideologies than to teach studentsthe fallacies in historical racist ideologies? Understanding how and why Nazi ideology became widespread in Germanyduring the 1940s is a key to preventing racist ideology to spread further. Also, although examining graphic images

and stories is undoubtedly hard for anyone, it is admittedly much more difficult for teenagers. But examining theseimages and stories with the goal of understanding their significance enables students to create an accurate image ofwhat occurred. One can not accurately grasp the atrocities that occurred during the Holocaust without confronting

these images. This also ultimately prevents the oversimplification of events that many critics are afraid of.

Support and Elaborate Example

Who, what,where,when, andwhy is it

important?

Meaningfulpresentationfor opposingperspective

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How can I organize my paper tomake my focus stronger?

1. Draw strong, clear connections betweenthesis and related ideas in the bodyparagraphs

Use topic sentences to connect and supportinformation clearly

2. Effective progression of related ideasthroughout the paper

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Immediately after revealing Hitlers atrocities to the world, the world cried, We will never forget!Countriescame together in order to form international laws to prevent genocide, or race-killing, from occurring ever again. Alliedsoldiers came home to their countries to tell their horrifying stories in order to ensure that their sons and daughterswould never have to witness what they had seen. However, international laws passed to prevent genocide were notpassed by the United States for forty years after the Holocaust ended. The stories passed on through the generations

began to fade. The word Holocaust was not even used in mainstream America until the 1960s, twenty years after ithappened. Today, numerous organizations around the world, including modern Nazi organizations and severalorganizations in the Muslim world, deny that the Holocaust occurred. They argue that it is Western propaganda to gainfavor for Jewish peoples. Teachers must continue to teach the Holocaust to ensure that the truth is known about whathappened during this time period. The victims of the Holocaust deserve to have their true story told.

History has the tendency to repeat itself if people do not stop and learn its lessons. Genocide has occurred inseveral countries since the Holocaust including Cambodia, Iraq, Bosnia, Rwanda, and Darfur . Each time theinformation is swept to the side and the majority of the Worlds leaders refuse to accept the comparison of thesecountries to the Holocaust until it is long over. When there is a leader who stands up and draws the comparison, theworlds people turn away and argue they need to focus on their own nations problems. By teaching the Holocaust,

future citizens can understand the ramifications of inaction while genocide is occurring. Perhaps the phrase, not onour watch, can take on enough meaning to give perpetrators the belief that we will not allow them to govern a country

on genocidal practices.

America is a country founded on diversity. Today, in schools, teachers are to teach their students to respectand appreciate the differences between themselves and others. If teachers did not do this, they would not be preparingtheir students for the future. Outside of schools, their students will need to work with others that will undoubtedly bedifferent from them. By studying the Holocaust, students will learn how judging others negatively based on theirdifferences may lead to misunderstanding and mistreating others. Without studying the Holocaust, students maynever understand how small racist jokes and prejudices may escalate to national practices that violate others rights. It

is also essential to show students the importance of standing up for others even if they themselves are not beingharmed by racist jokes, unfair laws, and unfair government practices. They will learn what happened in the Holocaust

when people stood by and watched their neighbors rights slowly disappear until eventually they were exterminated.Critics argue that including the Holocaust in a high school curriculum can expose children to dangerous

ideology, extraordinarily graphic images and stories, and an oversimplified version of events. However, examiningNazi ideology and these graphic images and stories is necessary to understanding the world today. Racist ideologiesare still prevalent in the world today and what better way to combat modern racist ideologies than to teach studentsthe fallacies in historical racist ideologies? Understanding how and why Nazi ideology became widespread in Germanyduring the 1940s is a key to preventing racist ideology to spread further. Also, although examining graphic images

and stories is undoubtedly hard for anyone, it is admittedly much more difficult for teenagers. But examining theseimages and stories with the goal of understanding their significance enables students to create an accurate image ofwhat occurred. One can not accurately grasp the atrocities that occurred during the Holocaust without confronting

these images. This also ultimately prevents the oversimplification of events that many critics are afraid of.

Organize Example

Remember this is the

thesis: The Holocaust isan essential historicalevent for teachers toinclude in their

curriculums so that thetruth of this event willalways beremembered, to deterevents such as thisfrom happening again,and to promote respectfor diversity, one ofAmericas core

principles.

Look atthose topicsentences!!!

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How should I style my paper tomake my paper stronger?

Skillful use of language, including word choice, andconsistent voice Language and Word choice includes using terms correctly,

using the correct words to describe and emphasize your point(sometimes fewer words are better than many), and avoidingthe use of slang and jargon.

Including voice within your paper is something that takes timeand effort, but it is what makes a paper become meaningful. Itis when you express emotion and passion within your writing.It shows the author feels connected to his/her work. It makes

the message powerful.

Each time the information is swept to the side and the majority of the Worlds

leaders refuse to accept the comparison of these countries to the Holocaust untilit is long over. When there is a leader who stands up and draws the comparison,the worlds people turn away and argue they need to focus on their own nations

problems. By teaching the Holocaust, future citizens can understand the

ramifications of inaction.

VoiceExample

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How can I use the properconventions required in a

research paper

1. Label your pages

2. Use 1 inch margins

3. Use standard conventions in grammar including properparagraphing, spelling, capitalization, punctuation

4. Do not use first or second person or contractions

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Proper Conventions: LabelingPages Go to your menu at the

top of your worddocument and clickview.

Click view header andfooter.

Type in your last name.Align it to the left handside of the paper.

Click the page with thenumber sign on it in the

header and footer menuthat is on your screen.

Your screen should looksimilar to the screen onthe left. Press ok on thepage number formatbox.

There should now be aone next to your name.

On the next page, itshould say your lastname, and then 2 nextto your last name. Thiswill be doneautomatically by thecomputer.

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Proper Conventions: Setting yourMargins

Go to your menu at

the top of your word

document and click

file

Click page setup.

Change your left andright margins to one

instead of .75.

Push ok.

H I th i f ti f

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How can I use the information from

my sources best in my research

paper?It is extremely important to document your sources within your paper as

well as in a Works Cited page at the end of the paper.

Using both in-text citations and a Works-Cited page isnecessary to avoid plagiarism. It is important for you to knowhow to do this to avoid committing plagiarism. Many peoplehave gotten in trouble for plagiarism in school and in theirprofessional careers (whether they committed it purposely orby accident) and have had serious consequences.

Understanding how to properly document sources isessential for any career.

Although there are several different formats for citing papers, we will be

using the MLA format.

Here is a link to Ms. Ks worksheet on how to cite sources within your

paper.

http://pages.cms.k12.nc.us/gems/melissa1kienbaum/InTextNotesInstruction.pdfhttp://pages.cms.k12.nc.us/gems/melissa1kienbaum/InTextNotesInstruction.pdf

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How am I expected to cite mysources?

A Works Cited page lists all the sources you usedwithin your paper.

Here is a citation machine in which you can inputyour sources information and it will create a citationfor you.

Go to the next page to see how to format yourWorks Cited page.

http://citationmachine.net/index2.php?reqstyleid=1http://citationmachine.net/index2.php?reqstyleid=1

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How am I expected to cite mysources? Example of a Works

Cited Page.There is noheader on

this page

Works CitedTitle iscentered on

a new page.

List of sourcesis alphabetized

List of sourcesis doublespaced

If the sourcehas more thanone line, thesecond lineneeds to beindented (pushtab).

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How can I edit my paper and makesure my paper is turn-in ready?

Have two peers edit your paper before

you do your final draft.

A peer editing worksheet will be given to

you in a later assignment.