368 robert kelly

Open Access Comes of AgeSSP Pre-‐Mee3ng Seminar

June 1, 2011

Robert Kelly

Director Journal Informa3on Systems

The American Physical Society

1Friday, May 27, 2011

06/01/2011 Open Access Comes of Age 2

American Physical Society Objec3ve

"In the firm belief that an understanding of the nature of the physical universe will be of benefit to all humanity, the Society shall have as its objec3ve the advancement and diffusion of the knowledge of physics."

APS Cons3tu3on – Ar3cle II

“Physics by Physicists for Physicists”Currently ~48 K Membership, ~ 20% Interna3onal

Publisher of Physical Review



APS task force report on electronic information systems, published in the Bulletin of the American Physical Society Vol.

36, No. 4, April 1991

• We have defined a single, long‐term goal, a World Scientific Information System, which we have called our Vision 2020. This vision has two principal features:

- All the world's formal scientific literature is available, on‐line, to scientific workers throughout the world, from a world scientific database.

- The "documents" of this database would go well beyond the articles...........

* They set the Vision, it is up to future APS management to figure out how to do it and how to pay for it.

* Using the benefit of hindsight, Open Access and Creative Commons seem to fit the bill.



The Story• Since 1994 the American Physical Society has consistently

moved in steps towards the implementa3on of Vision 2020.– A heuris3c and a holis3c approach

• Star3ng with the recognizing of eprints as a legi3mate element of the Physics process through the launching of pure and hybrid OA journals up to recent announcements of Crea3ve Commons Licensing, permiVng reuse, including commercial reuse, of select APS ar3cles.



The environment for the APS Journals has changed significantly since 1994.

• View from Inside– Re-‐Engineer Peer Review / Manuscript processes, from paper / folder based to all

online, web based, author, editor, referee system.

• World wide access

• Mirrored in Co-‐Loca3ons

– Compose in SGML/XML/ MathML – reducing composi3on cost from > $70 per page to < $30 per page

• Re-‐Purpose Content

– All journals published, on line, back to Volume 1, Issue 1

• Star3ng in1893

• Ar3cles published when ready, daily.

– APS Journals delivered from APS plaborms




• View from Outside– Grew from 7 to 9 journals plus Focus/Physics by 2009

Ar7cles / Year Submi?ed Published

1994 20,180 12,087

2010 35,143 18,654

• Online set the stage for the canceling of duplicate subscrip3ons




– Introduce Tier Pricing in 2001 – 1 through 3 then 4 and 5

– Two General Price reduc3ons 2005 and 2009

– Tier 1 APS All, online only pricing – Lowered by 10.88 % 2001 to 2010

– Tier 4 APS All, online only pricing – Increased by 23% 2001 to 2010

Pricing



Comparison: 1998 vs 2004 – Ins3tu3on XCost of APS All No. APS All Total Cost

1998 $12,015 3 (+1 PRL, 1 RMP) $38,300

2004 $24,570 (Tier 4) 1 $24,570 (incl. print)

What’ included:1998: Print – 1 year of online2004: Print -‐ Electronic access at the desktop for en3re ins3tu3on back to 1893, linked and searchable.(Electronic cons3tutes more than 400 linear feet of shelf space!)




• OA View– Guiding Principal

• APS policies will be aligned with the principles of Open Access to the greatest extent possible consistent with the maintenance of high quality refereeing, edi3ng and the financial stability of the Society

– Free Access to Public and High School Libraries – a crisp line between academic and public informa3on infrastructure




• OA View– Green from the beginning

– Copyright statement evolu3on:• Authors can post manuscript pre-‐prints – in advance of peer review

• Authors can post APS formamed versions on authors and ins3tu3ons site.

• Authors can make deriva3ve works of up to 50% of their published ar3cle

• The above applies to ar3cles published under the subscrip3on funding model




• OA View– Green from the beginning – Link to Submission Server

– 1 Tradi3onal offering – Reviews of Modern Physics

– 6 Hybrid Journals – Physical Review and Physical Review Le?ers

– News and Views – Physics / Focus – freely available

– Three Gold OA Journals

• Physical Review Special Topics – Accelerator’s and Beams – Gold – Laboratory Sponsored

• Physical Review Special Topics – Physics EducaIon Research – Gold -‐ Author Pays

• Physical Review X – Gold – Author Pays




• OA View -‐ Funding– Green –

– Subscrip3on model – world wide understanding – one size fits all -‐ it works.

– SCOAP3 – Consor3um of libraries, worldwide, and CERN. Channel library subscrip3on money to make high energy physics journals open access – under review for sustainability.

– Ins3tu3on and Government sponsorship / funding.

• There is where we are heuris3c.




• Vision 2020 View– Crea3ve Commons – CC – By – Commercial use ok

– Ar3cle PDF freely available

– And now on to:• Data

• Interac3ve Content

• Author and Ins3tu3on Iden3fiers

• Accessible Content

• Seman3c Tagging



Vision 2020The Commons • APS• Scien3fic• ??• APS will be there

Summary:• Contain Costs• En3re Process online• Content re-‐usable• Holis3c view of the discipline• Wider availability and usability• Flexibility for future innova3on

Thank You,Bob [email protected] Graphics by David Ellis


mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


Graphics by David Ellis


368 robert kelly

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