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Tech-World Manufacturing

Electricity and Electronics

Level oneCELL Guide

Edition 237190-E0



SECOND EDITION

First Printing, September 2005

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Table of Contents

i

Introduction ................................................................................................................1

Topic 1 – Introduction to Electricity and Electronics.......................................1

Activity 1 − Electricity Is All Around Us.................................................................. 3

Activity 2 – Three Cheers for Careers......................................................................4

Activity 3 – The Structure of the Atom....................................................................5

Topic 2 – Magnetism, Electricity, and Electromagnetism.................................7

Activity 1 – Magnetism.............................................................................................9

Activity 2 – Magnetism and the Compass.............................................................. 10

Activity 3 – Voltage, Current, Resistance, and Power...........................................11

Activity 4 – Electromagnetism................................................................................ 12

Topic 3 – Direct Current.........................................................................................13

Activity 1 – Electrical Measurements ....................................................................14

Activity 2 – Series and Parallel Circuits ................................................................15 Activity 3 – Series-Parallel Circuits ....................................................................... 16

Topic 4 – Circuit Components...............................................................................17

Activity 1 – Voltage and Current Dividers............................................................. 19

Activity 2 – Mechanical Switches...........................................................................20

Activity 3 – Electromagnetic Switch Operation..................................................... 21

Topic 5 – Alternating Current ...............................................................................23

Activity 1 – Resistive AC Circuits ..........................................................................25

Activity 2 – AC Oscil loscope Measurements .......................................................... 26

Activity 3 – Reactive AC Circuits ...........................................................................27

Activity 4 – Time Constants.................................................................................... 28

Activity 5 – Transformers ....................................................................................... 29

Topic 6 – Electrical Wiring.....................................................................................31

Activity 1 – Working with Electrical Wire ............................................................. 32

Activity 2 – Connecting an On/Off L ight Circuit ................................................... 33

Activity 3 – Connecting a Branch Circuit ..............................................................34

Activity 4 – Connecting a Three-Way Switch Circuit ............................................35

Topic 7– Sensors.......................................................................................................37 Activity 1 – Mechanical Sensors ............................................................................. 38

Activity 2 – Non-Contact Sensors...........................................................................39

Appendices.................................................................................................................41

Appendix A – Safety.............................................................................................. A-1

Appendix B – Internet Resources......................................................................... B-1



Table of Contents

ii



Electricity and Electronics Introduction

1

INTRODUCTION

This CELL Guide is to be used with the multimedia presentation and StudentGuide/Portfolio. The CELL Guide remains at the workstation and containsinformation and procedures that are specific to the CELL.

This CELL Guide includes topic information, hands-on instructions, and appendicesspecific to the CELL.

The information in the CELL Guide follows the arrangement below:

♦ topic objective

♦ topic overview

♦ new terms and words

♦ activity objectives

♦ procedures for completing activity tasks

Appendices include Safety, Internet Resources, or other CELL specific tables orcharts.

Tips for navigating the multimedia presentation are detailed in theTech-Lab

M ul t im edia U ser ’s Guid e . There should be a copy of this at the student workstation.I f this is not available, please ask your instructor.

==============

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==============



Electricity and Electronics Introduction

2



Electricity and Electronics Topic 1 – Introduction to Electricity and Electronics

1

TOPIC 1 – INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICITY AND ELECTRONICS

Objective

When you have completed this topic, you will be able to describe the fields of electricity and electronics, including career opportunities and a brief history of major developments. You will summarize some of the interrelated topics you willstudy in this CELL. Finally, you will be able to describe the structure of the atomand relate its behavior to the production of electricity.

Overview

Here you will review the many applications of electricity you already know, butprobably take for granted.

A brief analysis of the structure of the atom, the fundamentals of electricity, andthe more important advancements in the field will help you get a feel for today’s

level of technology.

An overview of career options will answer your questions about what you can dowith the knowledge you’ll gain from this CELL. A look ahead at the remainingtopics in this CELL will give you an idea of how you’ll be preparing for thetransition from school to the workplace.

New Terms and Words

apprentice one who is learning a trade or occupation, especially as amember of a labor union.

associate a degree conferred by a two-year college after the prescribedcourse of study has been completed.

atom a unit of matter, the smallest unit of an element, having allthe characteristics of that element.

bachelor an academic degree conferred by a college or university uponthose who completed the undergraduate curriculum(typically four years of study).

charge a property of matter that is responsible for electromagneticinteraction.

conductor a substance or medium that conducts an electric charge.

current the amount of electric charge flowing past a specified circuit

point per unit time. doctorate the degree or status of a doctor as conferred by a university.

electrician one whose occupation is the installation, maintenance,repair, or operation of electric equipment and circuitry.

electricity the physical phenomena arising from the attraction of particles with opposite charges and the repulsion of particleswith the same charge.




2

electromagneticforce

form of energy arising from charged particles such aselectrons.

electron a negatively charged particle of an atom.

engineer one who applies scientific and mathematical principles to

practical ends such as the design, manufacture, and operationof efficient and economical structures, machines, processes,and systems.

insulator a material or device that insulates, or does not conductelectricity.

integratedcircuit

a tiny slice or chip of material on which a complex of electronic components and their interconnections is etched orimprinted.

master An academic degree conferred by a college or university uponthose who complete at least one year of prescribed study

beyond the bachelor’s degree. microprocessor an integrated circuit that contains the entire centralprocessing unit of a computer on a single chip.

neutron an electrically neutral particle of an atom.

nucleus the positively charged central region of an atom, composed of protons and neutrons.

Ohm’s Law a mathematical equation relating voltage, current, andresistance in an electric circuit.

proton a positively charged particle of an atom.

qualityassurance

a system for ensuring the maintenance of proper standards inmanufactured goods, especially by periodic random inspection

of the product. resistance the opposition of a body or substance to current passing

through it.

semiconductor any of various solid crystalline substances, such asgermanium or silicon, having electrical conductivity greaterthan insulators but less than good conductors.

staticelectricity

an accumulation of electric charge on an insulated body; anelectric discharge resulting from such a charge.

technician an expert in a technical field or process.

transistor a semiconductor device used in a circuit as an amplifier,

detector, or switch. vacuum tube an electron tube from which all or most of the gas has been

removed, permitting electrons to move with low interactionwith any remaining gas molecules.

valenceelectrons

electrons located in the last orbit or outermost portion of anatom.




3

Act ivi ty 1 − Electricity Is All Around Us

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills toidentify the nature as well as the diverse applications of electricity that you

probably take for granted.

You will be able to:

• recognize how common electrical devices and systems have become in yourhome, car, and in industry.

• identify other forms of energy that electricity can be converted to in theseenvironments.

• identify advancements that have shaped today’s technology.




4

Act iv ity 2 – Three Cheers for Careers

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills toput your understanding of electricity and electronics into practice, even if you

choose a career outside of these fields.


• identify the many career opportunities in the electrical and electronics fields.

• describe alternative and supporting career options.




5

Act ivity 3 – The Structure of the Atom

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills todefine the behavior of electrical circuits, which is directly related to the properties of

an atom.


• describe the structure of the atom.

• relate the behavior of the atom to the production of electricity.




6



Electricity and Electronics Topic 2 – Magnetism, Electricity, and Electromagnetism

7

TOPIC 2 – M AGNETISM, ELECTRICITY, AND ELECTROMAGNETISM

Objective

When you have completed this topic, you will understand and be able todemonstrate the basic principles of magnetism and electromagnetism. You will alsobe able to explain and demonstrate the elementary quantities of an electricalcircuit: voltage, current, resistance, and power.

Overview

In this topic, you will demonstrate how a compass can be used to determinegeographical direction and identify magnetic poles. By using iron fi lings, you willshow magnetic field patterns. You’ll make a temporary magnet from an ordinarynail and show how a temporary magnet can lose its magnetic properties.

A working knowledge of electrical and electronic systems begins with a solidunderstanding of the parameters on which they are based. These are voltage,current, resistance, and power.

As you move on to electromagnetism, you will explore the unique relationshipbetween magnetism and electricity.

New Terms and Words

analogous showing a likeness between two things that are similar insome way.

analogy a comparison based on similarities between two things thatare otherwise dissimilar.

battery two or more connected cells that convert chemical energy toelectrical energy.

bits units of information storage capacity.

circuit a closed path followed or capable of being followed by anelectric current if a voltage source is present.

compass a device used to determine geographic direction, usuallyconsisting of a magnetic needle or needles, horizontallymounted or suspended, and free to pivot to align with the

magnetic field of Earth. current the number of electrons flowing past a specified circuitpoint each second.

domains regions in a ferromagnetic material in which the directionof magnetization is uniform and different from that inadjacent regions.

electromagnetism the magnetic field around a coil of wire or other conductorwhen current passes through it.




8

headings a course or direction followed by a ship or plane.

load a device or the resistance of a device to which power isdelivered.

magnetic field an area where magnetic force is present.

parameters a set of measurable factors, such as temperature and

pressure, that define a system and determine its behavior.permanentmagnets

pieces of magnetic material that have been so stronglymagnetized that they retain their magnetism indefinitely.

permeability the property of a magnetizable substance that determineshow much it modifies the magnetic field.

pole the area on a magnet where the magnetic force isstrongest.

power a source or means of supplying energy.

resistance the opposition of a body or a substance to current passingthrough it.

Resistor a device used to control current in an electric circuit byproviding resistance.

schematic a drawing that uses standard symbols to show electricalpaths and components.

switch a device used to break or open an electric circuit, or divertcurrent from one conductor to another.

temporarymagnet

a magnet whose field quickly loses its magnetic power.

voltage the difference in electrical charge between two points. TheVolt (V) is the unit for measuring voltage.

work the transfer of energy from one physical system to another.

.




9

Act iv ity 1 – Magnetism

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills toexplain and demonstrate the basic principles of magnetism.


• define magnetism.

• describe the characteristics of a magnet.

• distinguish between permanent and temporary magnets.

• show the pattern of a magnetic field using loose iron filings.

• show how to make a temporary magnet from an ordinary nail.




10

Act ivity 2 – Magnetism and the Compass

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills toexplain the history of the compass as a navigational aid and to use it yourself to

identify geographical location.


• describe the use of the compass as a navigational aid.

• identify geographical direction using a compass.

• use a compass to identify the poles of a magnet.

• make your own compass.




11

Act ivity 3 – Voltage, Current, Resistance, and Power

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills todescribe basic electrical concepts.


• describe the relationship of voltage, current, resistance and power.

• interpret a basic schematic diagram.

• use the correct units and quantities to describe electrical measurements.




12

Act ivity 4 – Electromagnetism

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills to

explain and demonstrate the basic principles and practical applications of electromagnetism.


• explain the relationship between electricity and magnetism.

• apply the left hand rule to identify magnetic poles, field direction, andcurrent direction.

• investigate the properties of an electromagnet.



Electricity and Electronics Topic 3 – Direct Current

13

TOPIC 3 – DIRECT CURRENT

Objective

When you have completed this topic, you will be able to use the Electricity Trainerto demonstrate series, parallel, and series-parallel circuits. You will apply Ohm’sLaw to calculate voltage, current, and resistance for the three basic circuit types.

Overview

A working knowledge of electrical and electronic systems begins with a solidunderstanding of the parameters on which they are based. These are voltage,current, resistance, and power.

Even the most complex circuits are just combinations of basic building blocks suchas simple series and parallel circuits. Your first practical experience will be to showhow simple circuits can be connected.

You will gain practice in measuring circuit characteristics using the digitalmultimeter (DMM) and in calculating these characteristics by applying Ohm’s Law.

New Terms and Words

nomograph a chart representing numerical relationships.

parameters a set of measurable factors, such as temperature andpressure, that define a system and determine its behavior.

reciprocal a number related to another number in such a way that,when multiplied together, their product is 1. The reciprocal

of 3/4 is 4/3. [3/4 x 4/3 = 12/12 = 1]. schematic a drawing that uses standard symbols to show electrical

paths and components.

short circuit a low-resistance connection established between two pointsin an electric circuit.

voltage drops The amount of voltage across a resistor, also called the IRdrop.




14

Act ivity 1 – Electr ical Measurements

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills toobserve the rules of safety and use the Electricity Trainer.


• follow the rules of electrical safety.

• identify the components of the Electricity Trainer.

• read values on the multimeter.

• describe Ohm’s Law.




15

Act ivity 2 – Ser ies and Parallel Circuits

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills toexplain and demonstrate the configuration and characteristics of series and parallel

circuits.


• recognize series and parallel circuit configurations.

• calculate and measure equivalent resistance values.

• calculate and measure voltage.

• calculate and measure current.



Electricity and Electronics Topic 3 – Alternating Current

16

Act ivity 3 – Ser ies-Parallel Circuits

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills toexplain and demonstrate the configuration and characteristics of series-parallel

circuits.


• recognize series-parallel circuit configuration.

• calculate and measure equivalent resistance values.

• calculate and measure voltage.

• calculate and measure current.



Electricity and Electronics Topic 4 – Circuit Components

17

TOPIC 4 – CIRCUIT COMPONENTS

Objective

When you have completed this topic, you will be able to describe the characteristicsof voltage and current dividers and apply Ohm’s Law to circuits that contain thesecomponents. You will be able to identify the schematic symbols for circuitcomponents and connect a variety of mechanical switch circuits. F inally, you will beable to demonstrate how electromagnets are used in solenoids and relays.

Overview

In this topic, you will develop a working knowledge of some common components of an electrical circuit. You will build circuits that include current and voltagedividers.

Most electrical circuits include one or more switches to turn something on or off,

reverse direction, or change an operating configuration. Your practical experiencecontinues as you fabricate circuits that contain single-pole, double-pole, and three-way switches.

New Terms and Words

armature the moving part of an electromechanical device, such as arelay, loudspeaker, or buzzer.

energize to supply with an electric current, or connect to a source of electricity.

hysteresis the difference between a device’s response to an increasingsignal and a decreasing signal.

latch a device or circuit used to maintain a particular state, suchas on or off, in response to a particular input.

maintained a contact that remains in position until manually ormechanically moved to another position.

momentary a contact that remains in position only as long as it is heldthere manually or mechanically; when released it returns toits original position.

parameters a set of measurable factors, such as temperature andpressure, that define a system and determine its behaviors.

poles the area on a magnet where the magnetic force is strongest.potentiometer a variable resistor connected as a series voltage divider.

relay an electromechanical device with contacts that are openedand closed by an electromagnet.

rheostat a variable resistor used to regulate current.

solenoid an electromagnet with a sliding core.




18

switch a device used to break or open an electric circuit or divertcurrent from one conductor to another.

switches devices used to break or open an electric circuit or divertcurrent from one conductor to another.

throws the number of different positions to which a switch can beset.

voltage dividers the amount of voltage across a resistor, also called the IRdrop.




19

Act ivity 1 – Voltage and Current Dividers

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills todescribe the characteristics and give examples of voltage and current dividers. You

will also be able to apply Ohm’s Law to circuits that contain these components andverify your calculations by measuring circuit parameters with a digital multimeter.


• define voltage and current dividers.

• recognize schematic symbols for various circuit components.

• relate the characteristics of resistors

• differentiate types of resistors by reading the labeling code.

• distinguish between fixed resistors and variable resistors.

• apply Ohm’s Law to various circuits that included resistors.

• verify calculations by measuring circuit parameters with a digitalmultimeter.




20

Act ivity 2 – Mechanical Switches

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills toconnect and operate several basic types of switch circuit.


• recognize the schematic symbols for different contact configurations.

• demonstrate the difference between momentary and maintained contactoperation.

• connect and operate SPST and SPDT switch circuits.




21

Act ivity 3 – Electromagnetic Switch Operation

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills toexplain and demonstrate the basic principles and practical applications of

electromagnetism.


• show how electromagnets are used in solenoids and relays.

• operate a relay as a control circuit, a latch, and a buzzer.




22




23

TOPIC 5 – ALTERNATING CURRENT

Objective

When you have completed this topic, you will be able to identify the importantparameters of ac circuits and take ac measurements with a DMM and anoscilloscope.

Overview

Applying your knowledge of dc circuits will help you to solve resistive ac circuitproblems. Once reactive components are introduced into your circuits, you’ll learnabout additional ac parameters such as impedance, reactance, frequency, andphase. You’ll discover the value and versatility of the oscilloscope as an importantdiagnostic tool.

New Terms and Words

add-invert method an oscilloscope measurement by which one channel issubtracted from the other, resulting in a display of thedifference between the two measurement points.

amplitude the level, or magnitude, of an alternating current or voltage.

attenuation a reduction in amplitude with little or no distortion.

average value the sum of the sine values for all angles up to 180° dividedby the number of values.

capacitance the ability of a device to store electrical charge.

cathode a negatively charged electrode, as of an electrolytic cell, astorage battery, or an electron tube.

cemf counter electromotive force. An electromotive force thatopposes the passage of current in a specified direction.

cosine wave A waveform with deviation that can be graphicallyexpressed as the cosine curve, which is the graph of theequation y = cos x

coupling the transfer of energy from one circuit to another.

current sensing resistor

a small resistance connected in series with a circuit whosecurrent is to be measured.

cycles single complete executions of a periodically repeatedphenomenon

dielectric a non-conducting or insulating material. ferrite core a nonconductive, powdered, compressed, magnetic, iron-

based material.

frequency the number of complete cycles in one second of alternatingvoltage or current.

impedance a measure of the total opposition to current flow in an accircuit; it is made up of two components, ohmic resistanceand reactance.




24

inductance the property of a conductor to oppose a change in currentflowing through itself.

mutual inductance the ability of one coil to induce voltage into another coil inclose proximity by way of a fluctuating magnetic field.

period the time required for an ac waveform to complete one cycle.

phase angle the measure of progression of a periodic wave from a choseninstant or position.

primary a transformer winding connected to a source voltage.

quadrant any of the four areas into which a plane is divided by thereference axes in a Cartesian coordinate system, designatedf i r st, second, thi r d, and fourth, counting counterclockwisefrom the area in which both coordinates are positive.

reactance opposition to the flow of alternating current caused by theinductance and capacitance in a circuit rather than byresistance.

secondary a transformer winding connected to the load. sine In a right triangle, the ratio of the length of the sideopposite an acute angle to the length of the hypotenuse.

sine wave a waveform with deviation that can be graphicallyexpressed as the sine curve, which is the graph of theequation y = sin x.

tap a fixed electrical connection at a specified position on atransformer winding.

time constant the time required for voltage or current to rise or fall by63%. This is the result of the ability of inductors orcapacitors to store energy.

transformer a device used to couple energy from one circuit to anotherthrough mutual inductance.

turns ratio the numeric relationship between the primary andsecondary turns of a transformer.

zero crossing a point on an ac waveform at which the waveform crossesthe 0V axis.




25

Act ivity 1 – Resis tive AC Circuits

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills tocalculate and measure resistive ac circuit parameters.


• measure ac voltage and current with a DMM.

• perform Ohm’s Law calculations for resistive ac circuits.




26

Act ivity 2 – AC Oscilloscope Measurements

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills touse an oscilloscope for ac circuit measurements and analysis.


• describe the operation of an oscilloscope.

• operate the controls of an oscilloscope.

• connect oscilloscope probes for circuit measurements.

• measure the peak and peak-to-peak amplitude of an ac signal.

• determine the frequency, period, and phase of an ac signal




27

Act ivity 3 – Reactive AC Circuits

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills tocalculate parameters and perform measurements on reactive ac circuits.


• explain and demonstrate the operation of capacitors and inductors in accircuits.

• determine the reactance of capacitors and inductors.

• solve ac circuit problems using Ohm’s Law.




28

Act iv ity 4 – Time Constants

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills tocombine resistors, capacitors, and inductors in various ways to create time

constants and affect an ac signal.


• demonstrate the properties of RC and RL circuits.

• view the effects of different component combinations with an oscilloscope.

• calculate and measure time constants.




29

Act iv ity 5 – Transformers

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills toexplain and demonstrate the operation of a transformer.


• connect transformer circuits.

• measure transformer parameters.

• calculate primary and secondary circuit parameters.




30



Electricity and Electronics Topic 6 – Electrical Wiring

31

TOPIC 6 – ELECTRICAL WIRING

Objective

When you have completed this topic, you will be able to wire and test basicelectrical circuits.

Overview

Topic 6 gives you the skills to prepare, install, and test electrical devices and wiring. You will cut, strip, and connect wires to switches, receptacles, and a lamp. You willconnect and demonstrate on/off and two-way switch circuits and a branch circuit.

New Terms and Words

burrs rough edges on material, such as metal, after it has beencast, cut, or dril led.

cable a bound or sheathed group of mutually insulated

conductors.circuit breakers automatic switches that stop the flow of electric current in a

suddenly overloaded or otherwise abnormally stressedelectric circuit.

circular mil a unit of measure of the cross-sectional area of a conductor,equal to the square of its diameter in mils.

cross section a section formed by a plane cutting through an object,usually at right angles to an axis.

duplex relating to a single assembly having two identical units thatare capable of operating simultaneously or independently.

filament a fine wire heated electrically until it glows.frost line the depth to which frost penetrates the earth.

fuses safety devices that protect an electric circuit from excessivecurrent. Fuses consist of or contain a metal element thatmelts when current exceeds a specific amperage, therebyopening the circuit.

gauge thickness or diameter, as of sheet metal or wire.

mil a unit of length equal to one thousandth of an inch (0.001in.).

overload loading in excess of normal rating.

strip gauge a guide that is printed, stamped, or molded onto a device toprovide a reference for the strip length of a wire.

wire a usually pliable metallic strand or rod made in manylengths and diameters, often electrically insulated, usedchiefly to conduct electricity; a group of wire strandsbundled or twisted together as a functional unit.




32

Act ivity 1 – Working wi th Electr ical Wire

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills toprepare electrical wire for a circuit.


• cut electrical wire to length

• route wire through rigid conduit

• strip off insulation from the wire ends




33

Act ivity 2 – Connecting an On/Off L ight Circuit

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills towire and test an on/off light circuit.


• connect electrical wiring to an on/off switch and a light fixture

• use a multimeter to check your wiring and switch operation.

• install a switch and light fixture in electrical boxes.




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Act ivity 3 – Connecting a Branch Circuit

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills towire and test a branch circuit.


• connect a branch circuit with switches, duplex receptacles, and a lamp.

• use a multimeter to check your wiring and circuit operation.

• distinguish between a hot wire and a hot white wire.




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Act ivity 4 – Connecting a Three-Way Swi tch Circuit

Objective

When you have completed this activity, you will have the knowledge and skills toconnect and operate a three-way electrical switch circuit.


• explain the difference between an on/off switch and a three-way switch.

• connect and demonstrate a three-way switching circuit.




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Electricity and Electronics Topic 7– Sensors

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TOPIC 7– SENSORS

Objective

When you have completed this topic, you will be able to explain and demonstratethe operation of several types of sensors as well as typical applications.

Overview

In this topic, you’ll be introduced to several types of sensors: the plunger switch, themagnetic sensor, the vibration sensor, the photoelectric sensor, and the infraredmotion detector. You’ll connect the sensors in circuits to demonstrate theiroperation in practical applications.

New Terms and Words

infrared light outside the visible spectrum at its red end. Infraredlight has a wavelength between about 700 nanometers and1 millimeter.

sensors devices that receive and respond to a stimulus or signal.

stimulus something that causes a response.




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Act ivity 1 – Mechanical Sensors

Objective


wire and operate mechanical sensor circuits.


• connect a plunger switch circuit.

• connect a magnetic sensor circuit.

• connect and operate a vibration sensor circuit.

• demonstrate the operation of mechanical sensors in a practical application.




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Act iv ity 2 – Non-Contact Sensors

Objective


use infrared sensors.


• set up and operate an infrared beam sensor circuit.

• set up and operate an infrared motion detector.




40



APPENDICES



Electricity and Electronics Appendix A – Safety

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Appendix A – Safety

Safety is everyone’s responsibility. All must cooperate to create the safest possibleworking environment. Remember that there is potential for harm in any work area.Follow the common sense safety rules presented in the courseware and by yourinstructor.

Any environment can be hazardous when it is unfamiliar. The Tech-Worldlaboratory may be a new environment to you. Make sure you use the equipment inthe manner intended by the manufacturer. Your instructor will provide thenecessary introduction to the learning environment and the equipment.

Here are some basic rules that you should make part of your everyday Tech-WorldCELL routine.

• Make sure your behavior is appropriate to the workplace. (No clowning.)

• Avoid loose-fitting clothing, jewelry, or other items that could get caught inthe equipment.

• Report any injuries to the instructor.

• Keep areas clean and uncluttered.

• Familiarize yourself with proper equipment operation and procedures.

• Obey all other safety rules set forth by your school, instructor, and equipment

manufacturers.

==============

WARNING! The cables and accessories supplied with a specific Lab-Volt trainingsystem or module have been carefully selected, in regard to severaltechnical aspects, to ensure that the Lab-Volt equipment is safe for theend users (i.e. instructors, students, etc.). Never use these cables andaccessories with other Lab-Volt training systems or modules, or withequipment from any other manufacturer, unless otherwise specified in

Lab-Volt course material.==============



Electricity and Electronics Appendix A – Safety

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Electricity and Electronics Appendix B – Internet Resources

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Appendix B – Internet Resources

You are encouraged to access the following websites on the Internet to expand yourreference base and to explore career opportunities. These sites were valid at thetime of printing, but are subject to change by their owners at any time.

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a professionalassociation that offers a variety of publications and services. Student membershipsare available.

www.ieee.org

At theNational Electrical Code Internet Connection, students can consult theproper code references for any electrical project.

www.mikeholt.com/

Cheap Master Electrician provides online help for residential and commercialelectrical projects at the repair, upgrade, and design levels.

http://valleye.speed1.net

Great Lakes Pressoffers books, links, and other information related toprofessional engineering licenses and exams.

www.glpbooks.com/

Students can browse through technical job descriptions and find help with creatinga resume and finding a job at the following sites:

www.tech-lease.com/ TLI Technical Employmentwww.careermosaic.com Career Mosaic



Electricity and Electronics Appendix B – Internet Resources

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