전세계3g 이동통신서비스현황및 4g...

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전세계 3G 이동통신 서비스 현황 및

4G 기술개발 동향

LG Electronics, Inc.

2004. 2. 10

LG전자 시스템연구소연철흠 연구위원

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Ⅰ. 3G 기술의 진화

Ⅱ. 3G 서비스 현황

Ⅲ. B3G/ 4G 기술개발 동향

Ⅳ. Conclusion

Contents

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The 5 IMTThe 5 IMT--2000 terrestrial interfaces agreed by ITU2000 terrestrial interfaces agreed by ITU--RR

UTRA FDDUTRA TDD High & low chip rates

UWC 136 cdma2000 DECT™

SC MCDS TC FT

Direct sequence Time Code

Single Carrier Multi-Carrier

Frequency Time

3GPP2TR45

"UMTS"

ⅠⅠ. 3G . 3G 기술의기술의 진화진화 The IMTThe IMT--2000 Family2000 Family

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Technology Evolution for Technology Evolution for 3G Multimedia Service3G Multimedia Service

Enhanced 2GEnhanced 2GVoice+Voice+Circuit DataCircuit Data(~64kbps)(~64kbps)

Voice+ Packet Data• Outdoor: ~384kbps• Indoor : ~2Mbps

• Fixed: ~1Gbps• Mobile: ~100Mbps

WCDMA FDD

DL Packet: ~2.4Mbps1x EV-DO

1x EV-DV~3.4Mbps

System beyondIMT-2000

3G Enhanced 3G Beyond 3G

• More Data Rate• More Reliable Transmission• Increase the IP Compatibility

2G

HSDPA~10Mbps

MIMO~30Mbps

E-DCHfor UL

IPIP--transport RANtransport RAN AllAll--IP NetworkIP Network

기술기술 Evolution MapEvolution Map

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Release 5

Release n

Release 6

3G Long Term Evolution

2002/06 2004/? 2007~2008 (?)

10Mbps

20~30 Mbps

100Mbps~1Gbps

WRC 07

3G Enhancement

Release 5

Release n

Release 6

3G Long Term Evolution

2002/06 2004/? 2007~2008 (?)

10Mbps

20~30 Mbps

100Mbps~1Gbps

WRC 07

3G Enhancement

Release 5 Release 5 이후의이후의 3GPP 3GPP 표준화표준화 및및 진화진화 계획계획

3GPP 3GPP 진화방향진화방향

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33GPP ReleasesGPP ReleasesRelease '99

– functionally frozen December 1999. Defines UTRA and many otherinitial features

• The basis for early 3G deploymentRelease 4

– functionally frozen March 2001. Enhancements to Release '99 plus separation of control plane from user plan in core network

• First steps towards IP-based operation– Also defines the low chip rate TDD mode

Release 5– functionally frozen March/June 2002. In addition to further

enhancements, this release introduces:• IMS - IP-based Multimedia Services• HSDPA - High Speed Downlink Packet Access

Release 6– functionality expected to be frozen 2004.

• Will include 2nd phase of IMS plus many other features designed to exploit multimedia communications, Internet access, etc.

3GPP 3GPP 기술기술 표준표준

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Motivation for R5 UMTS Motivation for R5 UMTS –– SIP 3GSIP 3G• R99 provides better QoS guarantees, better throughput

– R99 does not open the network up to new applications unless they are standardized by 3GPP or are entirely web based.

– This restricts the potential for new applications– Few new applications means little or no new

revenue for mobile operators• Little need for new network equipment

• New applications have no standard way of interactingwith one another

– A serious problem, given that there is expected to be a large number of models of UMTS phones, each implemented a different way

• SIP allows applications running on different user equipment to initiate sessions with one another

– New applications can be created without involvement of standardization bodies

– New applications to market fast


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New Protocols for R5 UMTSNew Protocols for R5 UMTS

• R5 UMTS introduces SIP to the user mobile and the core network

• R5 UMTS mandates that equipment support IPv6, the up and coming internet protocol standard

– IPv4 support is optional

• Testing SIP and IPv6 is a must for R5 UMTS

• So what is SIP anyway ?


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SIP isSIP is……• A text based signaling protocol defined by the I.E.T.F.• Based on a REQUEST/RESPONSE mechanism:

– REQUESTS are sent by Clients.– RESPONSES are sent by Servers

• Used to:– Locate users.– Determine users’ availability.– Determine users’ capabilities.– Set up, modify and tear down sessions between two ‘SIP

enabled’ devices• SIP has been modified for UMTS by 3GPP:

– To support UMTS style authentication based on keys storedin the home network and SIM card

– To provide home network and visitor network divisions withproxies that follow special rules

– To assist in charging information exchange– SIP in UMTS requires support of IPv6


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SIP TerminologySIP Terminology

• User Agent (UA):– Logical entity that can act both as a user agent

client and a user agent server– UA examples are user mobiles and application

servers• SIP Proxy (PS):

– Relay Call Signaling (Acts as both Client and Server).

– Serves as “rendezvous” point at which callees are globally reachable

– Performs Routing Function, Authentication, Authorization, Accounting, etc…

• IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS):– A system of servers and proxies that manage call

states using SIP in R5 UMTS networks


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Release 5 SummaryRelease 5 Summary

Release 5 - March 2002• Main features:

– IMS - IP-based Multimedia Services• All the core network elements for multimedia

services• Based on SIP (from IETF) and PS bearers

– HSDPA - High Speed Downlink Packet Access• Data only, downlink speeds of up to 10Mbit/s• Included in ITU-R update of M.1457

– And much more!• Wideband AMR codec• End-to-end QoS• Enhancements to messaging, security, etc…

Mic

roso

ft


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What does HSDPA provide?What does HSDPA provide?

HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access):

– Supports services requiring instantaneous high data rates in the downlink– e.g. Internet browsing; video on demand

– May be deployed in both Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) modes (both high and low chip rates)

– Various configurations defined, offering data ratesof up to 10Mbit/s


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What does IMS provide?What does IMS provide?

IMS provides:– IP Transport in the Core network– IP Transport in the UTRAN

And this therefore provides the possibility for:– End to end IP services– Increased potential for service integration– Easy adoption and integration of instant messaging,

presence and real time conversational services


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Other Release 5 FeaturesOther Release 5 Features

Other major features in Release 5 include:

– Wideband AMR (new 16 kHz codec)– End-to-end QoS in the PS domain – Messaging enhancements (EMS, MMS)– Intra domain connection of RAN nodes to multiple CN nodes

• i.e one RNC serving two or more MSCs within the same network• opens the way to Network Sharing

– Security enhancements• Access security of IP-based services• Network Domain Security (IP Network Layer)• Lawful Interception interface


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Release 6 and beyondRelease 6 and beyond2004Many new features and enhancements, including:

– Wireless LAN/UMTS interworking– Presence– Speech recognition and speech enabled services – IMS "Phase 2" (incl. IMS Messaging, Conferencing, Group Management)– Interoperability between IMS using different IP-connectivity

networks– Use of UTRA in other spectrum arrangements

• Contributions already prepared for ITU-R WP8/F– FDD & TDD in 850MHz, 1.7/2.1 GHz for USA– and 800 MHz for Japan– 2500-2690 MHz

– Network sharing– Radio improvements continued…


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New features and enhancements (continued)…

– Fast uplink– Push to talk over Cellular

– New radio modulation techniques

– Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS)

– MMS enhancements

– Packet switched streaming services

– USIM/UICC enhancements

…

Release 6 and beyondRelease 6 and beyond


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IP Core Network Harmonization• Agreed harmonization goals:

– OSA/PARLAY-based service APIs– IMS (3GPP IMS and its equivalent in 3GPP2, MMD)

• Adoption of a single IMS reference model • Consistent terminology to describe common IMS functional entities

– Interoperability between 3GPP IMS mobiles and 3GPP2 IMS mobiles• a 3GPP IMS mobile can set up a session with a 3GPP2 IMS mobile and

vice-versa– Application level intersystem IMS roaming

• a 3GPP IMS mobile should be able to roam into a 3GPP2 network andvice-versa

• Recommendations include:• continued collaboration between 3GPP & 3GPP2, and with IETF, ITU, etc• 3GPP2 to base on-going development on 3GPP IMS Rel-5 and Parlay 3.1

Collaboration with 3GPP2Collaboration with 3GPP2


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Another harmonization issue to resolve…

• "Interoperability between IMS using different IP-connectivity networks"– Release 6– Use of IPv6 is mandatory for 3GPP IMS– Use of IPv6 is optional in 3GPP2– So interoperability between IPv4 and

IPv6 networks has to be assured

• Thus a harmonization task between 3GPP and 3GPP2

Collaboration with 3GPP2Collaboration with 3GPP2


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• Harmonization of 3GPP work also being enhanced by adoption of external common specifications

– Notably, IETF RFCs (approx. 40)– RFC 3113 defines basis of co-operation between 3GPP & IETF– IMS based on SIP, defined by IETF…

• SIP in original form not adequate for 3GPP– signalling, voice and radio efficiency issues

• But 3GPP did not want a 3GPP specific version of SIP– would prevent interworking

• 3GPP-IETF collaboration has provided required SIP extensionsand IETF interoperability changes

• Collaboration continues…

Collaboration with IETFCollaboration with IETF


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2001 2002 2003 2004E 2005E

3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q

NTT Japan

3 UK and Italy

VOD Japan

UK, Germany and Italy

TMO Germany and UK

OR UK and France

Major marketsOperator

Tracking the 3G progressTracking the 3G progress

3G launch statusThe European launch of 3G services has been

continuously delayed by the major mobile players

The world’s first commercial 3G service was

launched in Japan by NTT DoCoMo in October 2001

Source: Company data, equity research

Q3'01 expected 3G launch Currently expected 3G launch

Q3'02 expected 3G launch Commercial 3G service launched

ⅡⅡ. 3G . 3G 서비스서비스 현황현황 UMTS UMTS 망망 구축구축

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UMTS deployment roadmapUMTS deployment roadmapEurope,USA,Russia,Middle East

PacificRim

Orange

Hutch 3G

One

2002 2003

DoCo Mo

Source: GSM Association / EMC database, May 2003

Hutch 3G

Hutch 3G

Hutch 3G

Mobilkom

O2 (Isle of Man)

2004

J-phone Hutch 3G

Tele 2

Monaco Telecom

Etisalat

SingTel

Mobile TeleSystemsVimpel Com

Vodafone

T-Mobile

Finnish 3g

Radiolinja

Telia Sonera

SFR

T-MobileVodafone D2 E-plus

EurotelPraha

Centertel

Polkomtel

PolskaTelefonia

Vodafone

TMN

Optimus

Mobitel

Amena

TelefonicaMoviles

Vodafone

North-West GSM

Vodafone

Svenska

Taiwan Cellular Corporation

CSL

Hutch 3GSmarTone3G SUNDAY

Taiwan PCS

Chunghwa

FarEas Tone

TIMVodafone

WIND

NetcomTelenor Mobil

KTF

SK Telecom

Actual Planned

AT&T

Sonera

Vodafone

M1

StarHub

O2

Orange

Vodafone

Optus

Maxis

Vodafone

40+ UMTS/WCDMA launches expected

before end 2004

UMTS UMTS 망망 구축구축

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3G3G--324M Protocol Architecture324M Protocol Architecture

Video codecsH.263,

(MPEG4-video)

Audio codecsAMR-NB,(G.723.1)

Command & Control - H.245

Video I/O

Audio I/O

System

3GModem

Multiplexer/Demultiplexer

H.223 with Annexes A & B

• Umbrella Protocol for Multimedia Communications over 64kbps bearer channelAdopted by 3GPP / 3GPP2 for real-time communications over 3G networks


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3G3G--324M Conversational & Real324M Conversational & Real--Time Streaming ServicesTime Streaming Services

GatekeeperMCUPacket

NetworkPacket

Network

3G-324MTerminal

MSC

Video MailboxVideo Call Answering

H.323/SIP

Conversational Video

Telephony/ Conferencing

Real-time Content Streaming

ISDN video telephony

Broadcast Streaming Over

3G-324M

Video Gateway

3G-324Mterminal

3G Video Telephony (3G-324M)

Core Network

Video Conferencing

3G Network(Node B, RNC)3G Network

(Node B, RNC)


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Tools for 3GTools for 3G--324M Analysis324M Analysis

Core Network

3G-324M terminal under testISDNISDNBRI/ PRI

3G-324M Protocol Analyzer

TERMINAL MODE

MSC or Media GatewayNode

B/ RNC

E1Protocol Analyzer Capturing bidirectional 3G-324M traffic, playing, storing to files.

MONITORING MODE


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Worldwide MPEGWorldwide MPEG--4 Forecast4 Forecast

Shipments inmillions of units*

*Includes standalone MPEG-4 chips and cores embedded in processorsSource: ISUPPLI CORP.


25 / 60

Recent MPEG4 announcements and releasesRecent MPEG4 announcements and releases

• MPEG-4 HD-based video camera (Samsung)• Solid state video cameras (Panasonic, Divio)• DVD players that read MP4 (Toshiba, Kiss)• HDTV Chips (Sigma Designs)• PDA’s (Sony’s Clie, Sharp’s Zaurus)• Video ‘jukeboxes’ (e.Digital, Archos)• Home entertainment gateways (e. Digital, Equator,

Sigma, …)• Mobile phones that decode and stream MP4 (Nokia,

Motorola)


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WLAN Revenue Growth Strong GrowthWLAN Revenue Growth Strong Growth

Source: Business Times 3 Sep 2001: “Asia's wireless LAN market likely to hit US$350 by 2005”; Reuters: “WiFi and 3G slog it out in Asia”

45350

883

3,270

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

2002 2005 2007 2009* ** Without Japan

Million US$


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Number of Wi-Fi Hotspots

1,600

40,000

6,000

120,000

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

Y2002 YE2007

AsiaWorld

Public WLAN Market: Asia vs. WorldPublic WLAN Market: Asia vs. WorldStrong Growth both in Asia and WorldwideStrong Growth both in Asia and Worldwide

Source: Gartner Dataquest (published in Australian IT, “WiFi and all the buzz”, 13.06.2003)


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0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

GPRSSMS

Source: Gartner, 2003

The Opportunity: GPRS market developmentThe Opportunity: GPRS market development

Growthcoming

from GPRS

Asia Pacific Data Revenue 1999 – 2007 (US$ Mn)

MMS Forecast to be worth GBP31 billion by 2007*

* Source: Ovum 2003


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MMS Network EffectMMS Network EffectMetcalfe’s law works!

(MMS Users)² vs Sum(MMS Downloads/Messages)

Apr-02

Jun-02

Aug-02

Oct-02

Dec-02

Feb-03

Apr-03

Jun-03

Aug-03

Oct-03

(MMS User)²

Sum(MMS Downloads/Messages)

Correlation = 0.987


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• Swedish MVNE Spinbox promises initial contract to commercial MVNO in 3 weeks - new competitors

• Hong Kong operator CSL promises to take new applications like games from 1st contact to commercial use in 48 hours - new services

• Finnish mobile operator Saunalahti takes change of network operator orders via SMS - 1 minute to churn

• In the UK the congestion charge for London has 20% mobile payments in only 6 months from launch

• Ringing tones became 1 B USD business in 4 years• In Croatia half of all parking is paid by mobile phone

MVNE = Mobile Virtual Network EnablerMVNO = Mobile Virtual Network Operator

New standards of 3G speedNew standards of 3G speed

Pearls: Real Mobile Servicescollected by Tomi T Ahonen


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사례사례: : DoCoMoDoCoMo 망망 구축구축 및및 가입자가입자 증가증가 추이추이

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NTT DoCoMo FOMA Subscribers Top 2 MillionTOKYO, JAPAN, January 29, 2004 --- NTT DoCoMo, Inc. and its eight regional subsidiaries announced that subscribers to the 3G FOMA® service surpassed two million today, two years and four months after the service was launched.FOMA subscribers, having doubled in the last four months, reached the two million mark approximately two months ahead of DoCoMo's forecast. DoCoMo attributes this rapid increase to increasingly advanced handsets, expanded nationwide coverage and greater availability of service in indoor areas.DoCoMo will soon launch the new 900i series, the most advanced FOMA handsets ever. Models in the series weigh approximately 115 grams, equivalent to the weights of 2G mova® handsets. They also boast a battery standby time of approximately 500 static hours. DoCoMo expects the impending launch of the 900i series to fuel a sharp increase in FOMA subscribers.Meanwhile, DoCoMo continues to enhance FOMA's service quality. By the end of March, service coverage will reach 99% of Japan's population and indoor base stations will increase to 1,600 for expanded service inside major buildings, underground malls and subway stations. The expansion speed of FOMA's coverage area for indoor base stations is four times faster than that of PDC.

January 19, 2004 ReutersNTT DoCoMo on Friday got a shot of confidence from Moody's Investors Service as the ratings agency raised the outlook for DoCoMo's debt ratings, citing an expansion of its FOMA 3G services.

DoCoMo's FOMA gets outlook upgrade from Moody's

신문기사신문기사 예예: : DoCoMoDoCoMo 망망 구축구축 및및 가입자가입자 증가증가 추이추이

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UMTS/ WCDMA Terminal AvailabilityUMTS/ WCDMA Terminal Availability

2002 1H2003 20042H2003

Several other GSM/WCDMA handsets 1H2004 e.g. Sharp

(SelectionOnly)

3G 3G 단말단말

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Business OfferingsBusiness Offerings

Radio Radio AccessAccess

TransmissionTransmissionCore Core NetworkNetwork

Application Application & &

ServicesServicesBillingBillingCustomer Customer

CareCareMarketingMarketing SalesSales

MVNO

HNO (Host Network Operator)

Rebiller

HNO

Network Network ProvisioningProvisioning

Service Service ProvisioningProvisioning

Korea

USA/EU

< Reference: MVNOs-The “New” Concept for Mobile Operators, Charles M Sarraf >

3G 3G 단말단말

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The Browser is the key ComponentThe Browser is the key Component

UI

OS

Browser

Biz.Application

Multimedia &

Games

MessagingVoice Rich Call

Operating System

Internet

3G 3G 단말단말

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Selecting TechnologySelecting Technology

Operating System

Middleware

High-end Application

VoiceXMLSMSFlash

Lite

PocketPC

User Interactiveapplication

PalmLinux

Rich Mobile ApplicationRich Mobile ApplicationRequired Engineering Test

Flash, Java, animations, Video, Music,

Symbian Others

3G 3G 단말단말

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Mobile DRM Mobile DRM –– What is it?What is it?

Enables secure distribution, promotion and sale of digital contentContent is controlled using a “rights” license The rights license describes the usage rules of the content- Purchase, Preview, Rental, Metering, Gifting etc.

The usage rules are enforced by a secured consuming device

RightsRights

Content

ProtectedContent

DRMPackage

DRMPackage

3G 3G 단말단말

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A Suggested Mobile DRM RoadmapA Suggested Mobile DRM Roadmap

Software only

Target: “keep the honest people honest”Basic DRM features including superdistribution, content rental and subscription-based content access

++Software + SIM

Target: “keep young people honest”Advanced DRM features, integrated with the handset SIM, offering higher security and enhanced protection against the more sophisticated and hack-willing users

SIM + Chip solution

Target: “keep the hackers honest”High level of protection, integrated with the handset chipset, harder for hackers to penetrate. Includes a management system tracking memory, Applications, Configuration and operational security

+

3G 3G 단말단말

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MobileContent Mobile Operator

Backend

EncryptedContent

User Ticket

Mobile Network

ContentManager

Subscriber Manager

Encryptor Content License

Generator

User TicketGenerator

Content DeliveryServer

License DeliveryServer

Ticket DeliveryServer

ChipsetLEVEL C

SIMLEVEL B

Handset OSLEVEL B/C

CA/DRMAgent

Decryptor

Secure Player

HandsetManagement

Security

Delivery

Advanced Mobile DRM SolutionAdvanced Mobile DRM Solution

3G 3G 단말단말

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There are many levelsof network sharing, from

operators using the sametower to full and

Comprehensive sharing ofthe entire network

The European Commissionhas specified the different

types and degrees of network sharing it considers

significant in regard to competition issues.

Many European states currently prohibit the

Sharing of the core UMTSNetwork. he majority of

regulators do not permit frequency sharing

Node B external NodeB internal Common UTRAN Common network

TowerSite Building

Antenna

ShelterLine Equipment

Power supply a

nd

battery battery b

ack-up

Amplifiers

TRX and channel ca

rds

RNC Core network

Network sharingNetwork sharing

Source: Siemens

Common networkRAN sharingNodeB sharingSite sharing Radio

frequency

Network structure

Basic network sharing (towers/sites) is allowed in most European markets. ABN AMRO believes that regulators could selectively soften network roll-out requirements to alleviate

increasing pressure by operators for further sharing of the core UMTS networks

시스템시스템 Cost Cost 이슈이슈

41 / 60

European regulatory backgroundEuropean regulatory background

Country Roll-out requirement Network sharingTransfer oflicences

France Voice: 25% of pop by Jun 03, 80% ofpop by Jun 09Data: 20% pop by Jun 03, 60% of popby Jun 09

No

Germany 25% of pop by Dec 0350% of pop by Dec 05

No

Italy All regional capitals by Jul 04All main provincial towns by Jan 07

Yes, but notfor at least48 monthsfollowing issue

Netherlands Built up areas of all municipalities>25,000 inhabitants and of all maintraffic arteries between them, plusmotorways to Germany and Belgiumand main airports by Dec 2006

Yes

Spain Coverage in all 16 cities with a pop>250,000 by Jun 02

Yes, but notfor 4 yearsand thensubject toauthorisation

UK 80% of pop by Dec 07 Network sharing allowed on a case by case basis No

Licenses have been awarded with strict roll-out

requirements and tight network infrastructure

sharing regulation

Increased network sharing will be the key to significant

capex savings

In most of the countries, licenses cannot be traded

in the near future

Authorised

Authorised understrict conditions

Not authorised

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5


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Just a Perfect Mix: High Bandwidth with WLAN and Just a Perfect Mix: High Bandwidth with WLAN and HighHigh--speed Mobility with Cellularspeed Mobility with Cellular

10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 kbit/s

GPRS

Mobility

On the move

Urban traffic

Pedestrian

In-house/Hotspot

Small rooms

UMTSGSM

WLAN

EDGE

DECT

Bluetooth

Cellular or WLAN?There is no right or wrong

ⅢⅢ. B3G/ 4G . B3G/ 4G 기술기술 개발동향개발동향 AllAll--IP IP 진화진화

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Trends Trends to visionto vision

Trend analysis

Society

Politics

Economy

Technology

Customers

Competition

Environment

High-level Vision B3G

Seamless network of complementary access systemsSeamless network of complementary access systemsSeamless network of complementary access systems

IMT-2000

WLANtype

Cellular2ndgen.

Short RangeConnectivity

WirelinexDSL

otherentities

DigitalBroadcast

return channele.g. cellular

download channel

New RadioInterface

IMT-2000

WLANtype

Cellular2nd gen.

Short RangeConnectivity

WirelinexDSL

otherentities

DigitalBroadcast

return channele.g. cellular

download channel

New RadioInterface

IP based Network

Services andapplications

AllAll--IP IP 진화진화

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Network Evolution, the Path to ConvergenceNetwork Evolution, the Path to Convergence

circuit-switched airlinkcircuit-switched backboneno built-in data capability

2x circuit-switched airlink(RTT for voice, EV-DO for data)2x circuit-switched backbone(one for voice, one for data)

Single packet-switched airlinkOver one packet-switched backbone

Converged IP Network


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FlarionFlarion Mobile Broadband System Mobile Broadband System One Network for Voice & Data1.25 MHz pair of FDD radio spectrum100% Internet Protocol based

Public Internet

Standard IP Data Network

PC1000Network

CardUser HostTerminals

RadioRouter®Base Station

GatewayRouter

Mobile Broadband NetworkMobile Broadband Network

FLR1500Chipset

FlashViewTM

Element Manager


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UTRAN Evolution for IP SupportUTRAN Evolution for IP Support

Release 5IP-Transport RAN

Future ReleaseAdvanced RAN

Release 99/4

Increase the IP CompatibilityMore Open and More Flexible


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• 2G (e.g. GSM)– PSDN, ISDN서비스를 위한 망 설계

– CS, 주파수 효율을 고려한 베어러, 텔레 서비스 제공

– Voice 중심의 설계

– TDM transport• 2.5G (e.g. GPRS)

– GSM망에 PS 패러다임을 도입

– IP,X.25 지원

– Voice, Data를 동시에 지원할 수 있는

핸드셋

– Packet core에서의 IP 자원

• 3G– 더 높은 전송율과 Packet data 지원의 향상

– Packet data를 위한 QoS 지원

– Voice, Data를 동시에 사용 가능함

– 2G 와 backward compatibility– ATM transport

4G 4G 무선기술무선기술 동향동향

• 4G에 대한 견해 (Nokia)– 3G 진화 시스템은 셀룰러와 WLAN의

결합으로 진행될 예정

– 4G시스템은 새로운 무선 접속 개발과

2010년 이후의 시스템을 위한 연구임.

• 무선 성능 향상 : 고 전송 율과 짧은 지연속도

– 스트리밍과 고속 다운로드

• E.g. MP3, 고해상 비디오 클립, 3D– 큰 사이즈의 다운로드

• 전송 방법과 홉 (hop) 전송

기술발전기술발전 동향동향

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• 3G 시스템은 10/100 Mbps (wide/ local)으로 진화

• 4G 시스템은 3G 진화 시스템보다 나은 성능을 가짐.

– 100/1000 Mbps (wide/ local)

– 100 Mbps bandwidth까지 고려

• 3G 보다 향상된 셀룰러 용량

– 3G + 3G Evol.: WDMA+HSDPA = 0.5 ~ 1.0 bps/Hz

– 4G (single cell) : 5~10 bps/Hz

– 4G (multi-cell) : 1.0 bps/Hz

• 다른 무선환경에서의 적응성

– 다른 무선 환경 (Wide, Local)에서 최적의 성능 제공

• 다양한 QoS (Real-time, Non-Realtime)를 가진 서비스들의 효율적 지원


4G 4G 무선성능무선성능

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Comparison of cdma2000Comparison of cdma2000cdma2000 1x 1xEV-DO 1xEV-DV(Rev.C) 1xEV-DV(Rev.D)

Voice service Support Not support Support Support

Voice capacity About 40 users - About 40 users About 40 usersBackwardCompatible

Yes NO Yes Yes

Data serviceCircuit & Packet

data Packet dataCircuit & Packet

dataCircuit & Packet

dataPacket datascheduling

Slow Fast (1.667 ms) Fast (1.25 ms) Fast (1.25 ms)

QoS control Power control SchedulerPower control &

SchedulerPower control &

SchedulerPeak data rate 307.2 kbps 2.4 Mbps 3.1 Mbps 3.1 Mbps

Throughput 200-300 kbps 600-1200 kbps 800-1700 kbps 800-1700 kbps

Slot length 20ms 1.67ms 1.25ms 1.25ms

Peak data rate 307.2 kbps 153.6 kbps 307.2 kbps 1.54 Mbps

Throughput 200-300 kbps 200-300 kbps 200-300 kbps 500-900 kbps

Rate control Variable data rate Common ratecontrol

Variable data rate Scheduler & Ratecontrol

RL Data

Voice

FL Data

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• 정확한 4G 전송 속도는 중요하지 않으나, 전송 목표의 설정은

연구/ 개발 목표로서 의미를 가짐.

• 4G 시스템은 기본 요구 사항

– 많은 고속 사용자들을 동시에 지원

– 전송 율과 용량의 극대화

– 지연을 최소화

• 연구 목표는 최적의 대역폭을 수용할 만큼 높게 정해야 함.

• 근거리 전송 속도는 1Gbps까지 이를 것이고, 광대역에서의

전송 속도도 이에 접근 할 것임.


4G 4G 전송속도전송속도 (100Mbps/ 1Gbps)?(100Mbps/ 1Gbps)?

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• 셀룰러 용량 한계 분석[IEEE com. Magazine,vol39.no.5,May 2001]

– Bandwidth=100 Mbps

– Carrier frequency=2GHz

– Terminal density=1000 per Km2

• 이상적이만 셀 당 용량은 가능할 것으로 예상.

• 부가적인 용량은 MIMO기술로 얻어질 수 있음.


용량용량 한계한계

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• 가능성

– Moore’law는 계속 적용되어 2010년 경에는 100 배의 성능 향상 예상.– 비트 당 저 비용이 필수임에 따라 주파수 효율 향상임 필수.– 어디에서나 고 전송율이 요구 됨에 따라 모든 미디어를 지원해야 함.

• 중요 연구 분야

– Spatial domain solution– Multi-dimensional adaptation– Multi-dimensional radio resource allocation– Advanced Coding & Modulation– Multiple-antenna


4G 4G 무선무선 접속접속 연구분야연구분야

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• Large Granularity로 다양한 QoS를 만족하는 서비스 제공 가능

• 고 주파수 효율 제공

Multi-dimensional Resource Allocation

user3

user4

user5

user2

user1

user6

user7

Time

Frequency

Code/Space

N bits/Hz

N bits/Hz

N bits/Hz

N bits/Hz

N bits/Hz

N bits/Hz

M bits/Hz

M bits/Hz

N bits/Hz

K bits/Hz

Frame 2


New Air InterfaceNew Air Interface

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• 고 주파수 효율 제공

• 채널 용량 증대

• Open loop, Closed loop 방식

Multi-antenna techniques

High Element Correlation

Low Element Correlation

Switched Beam Adaptive Beam Diversity Hybrid

Multi-Antenna Processing

Spatial multiplexing


New Air InterfaceNew Air Interface

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• UMTS 3G Multimedia Service architecture– R99 – MMS– R4 – MSC(R99) is split into MSC server and MGW (Media

GateWay)– R5 – Introduction of IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem)– R6 – MBMS (Multicast and Broadcast Multimedia Service, WLAN

interworking (Loosely coupled)• UMTS Access technologies to support broadband Multimedia service

– R5 – HSDPA, IP Transport RAN– R6 – MIMO– Post R6 – EDCH, OFDM, Distributed RNC

• Key Features of 3G Network Evolution– All IP network architecture– Broadband wireless access

ⅣⅣ. Conclusion. Conclusion SummarySummary

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2004 will be the year of global deployment for UMTS…– 2002-2003 have seen stability in the specifications

and a steady introduction of new systems– 2004 will see mass deployment in all regions

Korea/ Japan was the pioneer in this region of the world…– Now the rest of the world can benefit from that

pioneering effort– and share in making 1x EV-DO/ UMTS a global success!

20042004

Release '99 proven to be a sound basis for deployment…Release 4 and 5 provide compelling new features…Release 6 and beyond will build on this sound foundationand bring additional revenue-generating services

ConclusionConclusion

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Good sources of informationGood sources of information

• Biggest free 3G info site - www.the3Gportal.comsign up for their free daily 3G newsletter !

• More service idea “Pearls” - www.tomiahonen.com• Disruptive marketing - www.smlxlarge.com• Most advanced Segmentation - www.xtract.info• Tariffing, Revenue assurance - www.compwise.com• 3G training, Oxford - www.conted.ox.ac.uk/electronics• Free on-line experts community - www.ecademy.com• Partnerships knowhow - www.metaccord.com• Business applications - www.verista.com• UMTS Forum Reports - www.umts-forum.orgMore information send e-mail to [email protected]

참고참고

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