40g/100g networks in wireless - bicsi · 40g/100g networks & in ... repeater master unit...

40G/100G Networks&&

In‐Building WirelessTrends in the Market

Jason Gonzalez – Technical Manager, Caribbean

AGENDA

Design ConsiderationsDesign Considerations

Fiber Optic TypesFiber Optic Types

T d ’ d F t AT d ’ d F t AToday’s and Future AppsToday’s and Future Apps

40/100G Ethernet Support and parallel applications40/100G Ethernet Support and parallel applications

Connectivity OptionsConnectivity Options

DAS In‐Building WirelessDAS In‐Building Wireless

ConclusionsConclusions

40G/100G Network Infrastructure

Initial Considerations: Design Factors

MACsAvailability

MACs

(Intelligence)

Factors Scalability/ ff1/10/40/100GIntelligence /

P T Factors ScalabilityCost / Efficiency (Pre‐Term)Pre‐Term Solutions

SecurityIntelligence / Keyed

Security/ Lock

Initial Considerations: Standards

Type EN 50173‐5TIA/EIA‐942 ISO 24764

2007

Class E Minimum

2005

Cat 6 recommended

2009

Class EA

Published

Copper Class E Minimum

OM3 recommendedOS1

Cat 6 recommended

OM3 recommendedOS1

Class EA

OM3 recommended OS2

Copper

Fiber

SFF (1‐2 fibers)MPO (> 2 fibers)

LC (1‐2 fibers) MPO (> 2 fibers)

Connector

Distributed Topology

SwitchPanels / Shelves

Availability: Connection Type

• 3 connection schemes based on the networking equipment location:q p

Centralized Distributed Topology (Zone)

Direct Connection

•MDA (Switch)• EDA (Server)

Topology (Zone)

•MDA (Switch)• HDA (Switch)

Connection

• Top of Rack•MDA (Switch)• EDA (Server) • HDA (Switch)

• EDA (Server)•MDA (Switch)• EDA (Switch, Server))

Local Impact Local ImpactZone Impact

Topologies:Communications Redundancyy

Uptime

Tier 2

Tier 3

Tier 1

Source – TIA‐942Tier 3

Tier 4

Redundancia frente a CAPA 8:

“80% of all unplanned downtime can be attributed to people and processes and only 20% is causedprocesses and only 20% is caused by technology failures.”

Scalability: Data Center Switch Port Media MappingData Center Switch Port Media Mapping

MPOMPO

SFP

OM3/4

SFP

CAT6CAT6A

Crehan Research IncCrehan Research Inc.Oct 2010

Selection Process

FO Technology

Multimode Singlemode Pre‐Terminated

Cable Features

I d I d A d I d /O tdIndoor Indoor Armored Indoor/Outdoor

Hardware Features

Intelligent High / Ultra High Color codedIntelligent High / Ultra High Color coded

Fiber Optic Solutions

DMD Bandwidth 850/1300nm(MHz*km)

Distance Capability* 1/10 Gb/s

(MHz km)

62.5um OM1 200/500(OFL BW)

300/33m(850nm)

50um OM2 500/500 550/82m

50um LOMMF “OM2+” 950/500 800/150m(850nm)

50um LOMMF OM3 2000/500 1000/300m50um LOMMF OM3 2000/500 1000/300m(850nm)

50um LOMMF OM4 4700/500 1100/550m(850nm)( )

Single-modeOS2

Not Spec’d --/40km(1550nm)

* Distances are for a standard link with 2 connections. Cross‐connects and interconnects will increase the system loss and decrease allowable distance. OM1 and OM2 fibers will not meet distance requirements for “typical” systems at higher data rates.

Design: Distance calculationDistance calculation

Design: Manufacturer’s Performance Specificationsp

40G/100G Ethernet over FO

40GbE PMDs

4 Lanes @ 850 nm40GBASE‐SR4

4 Lanes @ 850 nm100 m with OM3150 m with OM4

4 CWDM@ 131040GBASE‐LR4 4 CWDM @ ~1310 nm 10 km with OS1/OS2

100GbE PMDs

100GBASE‐SR1010 Lanes @ 850 nm100 m with OM3150 m with OM4

100GBASE‐LR4 4WDM @ ~1310 nm 10 km with OS1/OS2

100GBASE‐ER4 4WDM @ ~1310 nm 40 km with OS1/OS2

Standard Approval AnnouncementStandard Approval Announcement

MPO Connector

• MPO = “multi‐fiber push on”– International standard = IEC‐61754‐7te at o a sta da d C 6 5– EIA/TIA‐604‐5 = FOCIS 5– 4, 8, 12, 24, and 72 fiber options– “Key UP”

• MTP® = “mechanical Transfer Push‐On”

US Conec trademark– US Conec trademark

• “Standards‐compliant” = MPO & MTP are compatible

•• Multimode Multimode –– Flat polishFlat polish•• SinglemodeSinglemode –– Angle polishAngle polish

Next Generation Technologies Support: Parallel Transmission

• More useful life, less change, more green• Simple easy upgrade from Serial to Parallel

( f ff d d d l k )• 100 meters OM3 (some manufacturers offer extended distance like 140m)• 150 meters OM4 (some manufacturers offer extended distance like 175m)

40G Transmit

Receive

Ethernet100G100G

EthernetTransmit Receive

Infrastructure: TIA‐568C‐3 Polarity

It defines 3 methods: It defines 3 methods:

Methods A, C – Design to mostly support 2 fiber applications (duplex)– Requires a special component to achieve polarity

Method B– It supports both duplex and parallel transmission (MPO 12FO)– No special components needed– No special components needed

TIA‐568C‐3 Polarity Method A

Method A

“Key Up – Key Down”

Non‐Standard compliant Patch Cord (cross‐over)

SpecialPatch Cord‐

Upgrade to Parallel – Method A

Type B Patch Cord(Key up – Key Up)

PUSH

PULL

Fiber 1

Fiber 12

PUSH

PULL

PUSH

PULL

Fiber 1

Fiber 12

Rx1Rx2::

Tx2

Patch Cord CableKey up to Key down mated connection

Tx2Tx1

Patch CordRx1

Special Patch Cord(Key up – Key Down)

Key up to Key down mated connection

PUSH

PULL

Fiber 12

Fiber 1

PUSH

PULL PUSH

PULL

Fiber 1

Fiber 12

Patch CordRx1Rx2::

Tx2Tx1

TIA‐568C‐3 Polarity Method C

Method C

TxR

Key up to Key upmated connection to

transceiver

Key up to Key up

2

1Fiber 1

PUSH

PULL

Rx

Fiber 1

Key down to Key up

PUSH

PULL

Fiber 1

Fiber 12

2

4

3

6

5

8

B7

Fiber 2

Fiber 128

10

9

12

11 Special Cable(crossed pairs)

Special Cable (crossed pairs)

Key up to Key down

Key down to Key down(bottom view)

11

12

9

10

Point‐to‐Point only

PUSH

PULL

Fiber1

y p y

Key down to Key downmated connection to

transceiver(bottom view)

Fiber 11

Fiber 2

PUSH

PULL

Fiber 12

Fiber 1

7

8

5

3

4

B6

RxTx

Fiber 1

Fiber 21

2

Upgrade to parallel – Method C

Upgrade:

1. Changetrunk cabletrunk cable to a “B Type” cable

2 P t h C d2. Patch Cords“C” + “B”

3. Add new “C Trunk”

TIA‐568C‐3 Polarity Method B

Method B

TxRx

2

1

PUSH

PULL

Fiber 1

Fiber 12

Aligned Key mated connection

PUSH

PULL

Fiber 1

Fiber 12

I

8

7

6

5

4

3A‐to‐B patch cord

Tr nk CableSame transitions

10

11

12

9

Keys up

Same Components

It allows extensionsTrunk CableSame transitions

w port positions transposed (1 has become 12).

Keys up

3

2

1

It allos cross‐connections

No Special Components

PUSH

PULL

Fiber 12

Fiber 1

Aligned key mated connection

A to B patch cord

PUSH

PULL

Fiber 1

Fiber 12

I

9

8

7

6

5

4

26

TxRx

A‐to‐B patch cord10

11

12

Method B ‐ Example

Fiber 12

Aligned‐keymated connection

TxRx

Fiber 15

4

3

2

1

A‐to‐B patch cord

PUSH

PULL

Fiber 1

PUSH

PULL

Fiber 12

I

10

11

9

8

7

6

ALPHA

1‐2

Trunk CableSame transitions w port positions transposed (1

has become 12).

12

Keys up

Keys up

Trunk Cableshown with a twistto rotate key upon lower end

Same transitions;one installed keys up,the other keys down.

A‐to‐B patch cordshown with a twist to rotate keys down

on right end Keys downBETA11‐12

Fiber 12Fiber 15

4

3

2

1


on lower endg

Fiber 12


Fiber 1

PUSH

PULL

Fiber 12

Fiber 1

Rx


PUSH

PULL

Fiber 12

I

10

11

9

8

7

6Fiber 12

Fiber 12Fiber 1

Fiber 1

Same Components

BETA

1‐2

11‐12

TxRx 11

12

It allows extensions

It allows cross‐connections

ALPHA

Method B ‐ Example

TxRx

3

2

1

A to B

RxTx

A to B10

11

12

MPO Connections

Trunk Cable

I

9

8

7

6

5

4

A‐to‐Bpatch cord


I

4

5

6

7

8

9MPO Connections

10

11

12

9

3

2

1AB

BA

Module Module

40G on Method BAligned key

mated connectionFiber 12

Rx1Rx2

Aligned keymated connection@ transceiver Patch Cord

Fiber 1 Fiber 12

PUSH

PULL

PUSH

PULL PUSH

PULL

::

Tx2Tx1

Fiber 1 Fiber 12 Fiber 1

TrunkCable

No special components

Key Up – Key Up

Aligned keymated connection

Aligned keymated connection@ transceiver Patch CordRx1

PUSH

PULL

mated connection

PUSH

PULL PUSH

PULL

Rx2::

Tx2Tx1

Fiber 1

Fiber 12

Fiber 12

Fiber 1

Fiber 12

Fiber 1

Future‐Proof your Network

AccessAccess Switch

DistributionSwitch

Upgrade to 40G

CONCLUSIONSPolarity

Special Components Key Up Key DownSpecial Components Key Up – Key Down

Migration

10/40/100G 12 / 24 FO10/40/100G 12 / 24 FO

Design & Installation

Extensions Cross ‐ Connection

DAS In‐Building Wireless

Significant Improvement in Users Experience

Total downloading

Time

GPRS 48 kbps 19.5 mins

Data Transfer Rates

UMTS

EDGE 236 kbps

2 Mbps

6 mins

2 mins

19.5 mins

HSPA+ 42 Mbps 40 secs

LTE 172 Mbps 7secs

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 (MB)

LTE offers a better Users experience compared to Other technologies

Source: huawei simulation

LTE offers a better Users experience compared to Other technologies

In‐Building Wireless ‐Market Drivers

• CommercialUbi i ll l i b i i i b ildi– Ubiquitous cellular coverage is now a basic expectation in‐building

– ≈ 75% of mobile calls are originating or terminating indoors (Verizon 2009)– Higher frequency 3G/4G services make in‐building coverage more critical

• Public Safety– In‐building coverage taking on greater importanceIn building coverage taking on greater importance– Migration to 700/800 MHz means less signal penetration– Portable radios should support first‐responders within buildings– New ordinances and building codes mandating coverage

Market Drivers – Public Safety

• In‐building coverage taking on greater importance due to 9/11 and other tragedies (Safecom Report)

http://www.safecomprogram.gov/SAFECOM/library/technology/1165_inbuildingintunneluser.htm

http://www.safecomprogram.gov/NR/rdonlyres/265949B5‐5CC6‐4804‐88BA‐F479309848AF/0/Long Island EMC pdfF479309848AF/0/Long_Island_EMC.pdf

“The Fire Department of New York encountered substantial difficulties with its land mobile radio system during the initial response efforts.”

“After the collapse of the World Trade Center towers, the lack of in‐building After the collapse of the World Trade Center towers, the lack of in building wireless communications hindered building evacuation, search and rescue, and damage assessment operations.”

“The Blackberry wireless messaging system remained operational and was used

The Blackberry wireless messaging system remained operational and was used by several public and private entities during the response and recovery operation.”

Market Drivers ‐ Problem BuildingsgTypes Of Buildings

• Corporate Offices (Fortune 1000)

l i Hi h i Offi ildi

High‐Rise Buildings

• Multi‐tenant High‐Rise Office Buildings

• Universities• Hospitals• Manufacturing FacilitiesManufacturing Facilities• Upscale Hotels and High‐Rise Condos• Casinos• Stadiums• Fed/Local Go ernment Facilities• Fed/Local Government Facilities

Deep Cavernous Buildings

Below Grade Below Grade

Market Drivers Market Drivers ‐‐ Problem BuildingsProblem Buildings

Low E‐Glass

gg

Low E glass coatings work by reflecting or absorbing IR light (heat energy) This same coating alsoenergy). This same coating also reflects radio waves, causing significant in‐building wireless coverage problems.

Market Drivers – Market Segments

Wireless Drivers in HealthcareWireless Drivers in Healthcare

Police, Fire and EMS need their radios to work in almost all areas of the hospital.

Although not a mission critical service doctors patients Although not a mission‐critical service, doctors, patients, and visitors want their mobile phones to work throughout the hospital

D i d i i l h C ll l /PCS Doctors, patients, and visitors rely on the Cellular/PCS WAN network for data services

Family members need to communicate frequently via cell phones from hospital rooms and waiting areas to family and friends back home

Enhancing coverage of paging and the private 2‐way radio network

Carriers may subsidize the cost of the DAS

Market Drivers – Market Segments

Wireless Concerns in HealthcareWireless Concerns in HealthcareWill cell phones interfere with medical/ICU equipment?Will cell phones interfere with medical/ICU equipment?

A DAS does not cause interference

A high‐powered cell phone (typically older generations) may cause interference when it is in l i it (3 ) t di l i tvery close proximity (3 cm) to some medical equipment.

The most common interferer is GSM networks, used by companies such as AT&T and T‐Mobile.

Most cell phones transmit below 600‐milliwatt

A DAS actually lowers the chance of cell phone interference by reducing the amount of power the cell phone uses

3/2007 Mayo Clinic Proceedings study found that "normal" cell phone use did not interact with medical devices. “…the value of [cell phone] technology really outweighs the disadvantages and we really couldn't find causes of concern to not change the policy,"

To play it safe, hospitals often prohibit cell phones in the ICU, surgery, neonatal intensive care units, etc.

DAS In‐Building Wireless Solution• Passive distribution on each floor with coax & antennas• Active equipment amplifies and conditions all carrier and public safety signals

Utili C FO i d fib b kb di t ib ti t

Wall ½ inchD

• Utilizes Coax FO conversion and fiber backbone distribution system• Dynamic system provides future‐proofing as frequency allocations change

Organizer

IndoorAntennas

CoaxCable

DonorAntenna

CoaxCable

SM FiberCable

Remotes

Repeater

MasterUnit

CarrierBaseStation

DAS WiringDesign Simplicity

• Goal ‐ Provide a “‐80dBm Coverage Blanket”– Omni antennas on a basic 100ft (30m) grid– Perimeter antennas ≈20ft (6m) from walls

20ft (6m)

100fElevator

Design Simplicity

Perimeter antennas 20ft (6m) from walls• If on external wall, utilize directional antenna

– One antenna < 20ft (6m) from elevator core– Stairwells

• If open, Omni antenna every 6th floor• If closed, Omni antenna every 2nd floor

TR

20ft(6m)

100ft(30m)

100ft(30m)

If closed, Omni antenna every 2 floor

• Installation & Certification– Each cable run directly to TR < 300ft (90m)– Install connectors on both ends– Sweep‐test for integrity and loss Floor 17

Floor 18

Floor 19

Floor 20

Floor 17

Floor 18

Floor 19

Floor 20

Closed Stairwell

Floor 17

Floor 18

Floor 19

Floor 20

Floor 17

Floor 18

Floor 19

Floor 20

Open Stairwell

– Sweep‐test for integrity and loss – Attach antennas & document cable paths– 20‐year warranty

Floor 11

Floor 12

Floor 13

Floor 14

Floor 15

Floor 16

Floor 17

Floor 11

Floor 12

Floor 13

Floor 14

Floor 15

Floor 16

Floor 17

Floor 11

Floor 12

Floor 13

Floor 14

Floor 15

Floor 16

Floor 17

Floor 11

Floor 12

Floor 13

Floor 14

Floor 15

Floor 16

Floor 17

Telecom Room

Floor 5

Floor 6

Floor 7

Floor 8

Floor 9

Floor 10

Floor 5

Floor 6

Floor 7

Floor 8

Floor 9

Floor 10

Floor 5

Floor 6

Floor 7

Floor 8

Floor 9

Floor 10

Floor 5

Floor 6

Floor 7

Floor 8

Floor 9

Floor 10N‐Type male connectorsat both ends

Floor 1

Floor 2

Floor 3

Floor 4

Floor 1

Floor 2

Floor 3

Floor 4

Floor 1

Floor 2

Floor 3

Floor 4

Floor 1

Floor 2

Floor 3

Floor 4Antenna

Wall Organizer

90m maximum

Distributed Antenna System (DAS)Distributed Antenna System (DAS)

In a passive DAS, coaxial cable is used to distribute the RF signals to coverage antennas. The RF signal is typically obtained from an off‐air

t / i l b t C l / litt th d t di trepeater/signal booster. Couplers/splitters are then used to divert a fraction of RF signal along the horizontal floors of the building via coaxial cabling. Passive DAS


An active DAS resolves the signal attenuation problem caused by the “lossy” coax cable. This is done by adding distributed fiber‐optic amplifiers and fiber‐optic cable to the passive DAS. It is scalable and can support multi‐bands of services, i.e. cellular, PCS, public safety.

Active DAS


Donor Antenna‐ Transmits and receives (TxRx) the RF signals from a nearby cellular or public safety towerfrom a nearby cellular or public safety tower


Base Station‐ Instead of using the nearby cell tower as a signal source, the wireless carriers may provide a base station on premise whichthe wireless carriers may provide a base station on premise, which generates the RF signals. The base station is connected via T‐1 lines back to the carriers MSO.


Riser Cable‐ 50 Ohm riser cable carries the RF signals between h d ( h f) d h /BDAthe donor antennas (on the roof) and the repeater/BDA


Repeater/BDA/Signal Booster‐ amplifies multiple frequency bands to drive a “passive” DAS or feed the “active” DAS


Fiber Head‐End‐ converts the RF signal to Radio‐over‐fiber (RoF), which is then transmitted down single‐mode fiber‐optic bl t th fib t itcable to the fiber remote unit


Single‐Mode Fiber‐ carries the converted RF signal to the fiber remote unit


6‐Band Fiber Remote Units‐ converts the RFoF transmission back to an RF signal, which is then transmitted down 50 Ohm coax bl t th tcable to the coverage antenna


Splitter‐ Splits the RF signals, which is then delivered to multiple inputs/elements, i.e. cable, antennas, jumpers


Plenum Cable‐ 50 Ohm cable carriers the RF signals between the repeater/BDA/signal booster ― or the fiber remote unit ― to the

tcoverage antenna


Omni Coverage Antennas – Transmits and receives (TxRx) multiple bands of the RF signals in the coverage area


Passive / Active

Easy to D l

Multi Carrier

Deploy

System

Thanks!

[email protected]

40g/100g networks in wireless - bicsi · 40g/100g networks & in ... repeater master unit...

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