5-5. global warming

5-5. GLOBAL WARMING5-5-1. Introduction Definition:

Rise in the average temperature of the Earth’s surface (mainly air T).

From the Environmental Science point of view, the continuous increase in the air temperature due to the air pollutants, mostly so-called greenhouse gases

Greenhouse effect & gases: Absorb and reemit infrared in the atmosphere and warm the

lower atmosphere and surface Cycling effect Abundance (& contribution): H2O (36-72%) > CO2 (9-26%) >

CH4 (4-9%) > N2O > O3 (3-7%) (Kiehl and Trenberth, 1997).

http://www.azimuthproject.org/azimuth/show/Blog+-+a+quantum+of+warmth

Greenhouse effect schematic showing energy flows between space, the atmosphere, and Earth's surface. Energy exchanges are expressed in watts per square meter (W/m2).

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming

5-5-2. Dimming Effect Cooling effect against greenhouse effect, due to

the reflection and/or dimming of the sunlight to the surface because of the presence of cloud, snow & ice on the surface, dust, or smog in the air also a cycling effect

May be called ‘albedo effect’, or collectively ‘anti-greenhouse effect’

The balance between the greenhouse and dimming effect determine the temperature of the Earth’s surface Reason for “not boiling”

http://www.azimuthproject.org/azimuth/show/Blog+-+a+quantum+of+warmth

http://www.the-m-factory.com/portfolio/illustrated/illustrated_08.html

5-5-3. Greenhouse Gases

http://www.orbeo.com/-Market-overview-.html

http://www.fern.org/pt-br/node/5188

http://www.ei.lehigh.edu/learners/cc/greenhouse/Diagram3.png

5-5-4. Global Temperature Change: Is it real?

http://solar-center.stanford.edu/sun-on-earth/glob-warm.html

5-5-5. Global Warming Impacts


5-5-6. Measures Use alternative energies (new, renewable

energies) Reducing fossil fuel use Increasing fossil fuel efficiency Carbon capture & storage (CCS) International collaboration (Kyoto protocol,

CER-certified emission reduction, carbon emission trade)

5-5. global warming

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