A 4960N068

(Hg)(Me-Hg)//Hg Me-Hg /Hg Me-Hg (ICP-MS)Hg Me-Hg Hg(, Microcystis aeruginosa)(, Prochlorococcus)Hg Me-Hg DCB Hg Me-Hg Hg Me-Hg Hg/1 65 %Hg /80 %20 %Me-Hg /Me-Hg /63 99 %Me-Hg HgHg (ng-Hg/cell)/Hg Hg Me-Hg HgMe-Hg

-(adsorption)-(absorption)(biomagnification) (bioaccumulation)Hg Hg Me-Hg (Biester et al., 2000Paraquetti et al., 2004He et al.,2008)

1.(Awasthi, M. and Rai, L. C., 2004)(1) (Strucket al., 1997)(2) (Csonto et al., 2001)(3) (Rai et al., 1994)2.USEPA, 1997(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (Bioaccumulation)Hg Me-Hg /Hg Me-Hg Hg Me-Hg /HgMe-Hg Hg Me-Hg DCB Hg Me-Hg Hg Me-Hg Hg

1.(1) (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass SpectrometryICP-MS) (Perkin Elmer Sciex ELAN DRC)(2) (Kansin Instruments Co., Ltd., Taiwan)(3) (Field-emission scanning electron microscopeFESEM) (JEOL JSM-6700F Oxford inca energy 400)(4) (Thomas haemacytometer)(Neubauer Improved Bright-Line MarienfeldGermany)(5) (Nikon Eclipse E600)(6) (MARS-5,CEM)(7) (High Performance Liquid Chromatograph HPLC)( Perkin Elmer Series 200 pump)

(8) (Mercury standard solution)Mercury (II) nitrate in nitric acid 0.5 mol/L(MerckGermany)(9) (Methylmercury-chloride)purity95.5%(Dr. EhrenstorferMerckGermany)(10) NaHCO3(Sodium Bicarbonate) purity99%(GR OSAKAJapan)(11) Na3C6H5O72H2O(Sodium Citrate)purity99%(GR OSAKAJapan)(12) Na2S2O4(Sodium Hydrosulfite)purity99%(GR OSAKAJapan)(13) (GR E-MerckGermany)(14) (FlukaUSA)

2. (Prochlorococcus)(Microcystis aeruginosa)5105 cells/ml1,500 ml2 L 8 10 ml

3./Hg HgAlginate matrices/

4.DCB3.0 g Na2S2O4 40 ml 0.3 M Na3C6H5O72H2O5 ml 1.0 M NaHCO33 0.22m ICP-MS Hg Me-Hg DCB-extractingTaylor et al., 1983Hg

5.(1 2)(1)SEM(5 mm5 mm)(a)0.45 m 2.5%4 0.1 M 3 10 (b)30 %50 %70 %90 %95 %100 %100 %100 %10 (c)Critical point dryerLADD28000Critical point dryingCPD(d)stub20 nmFESEM

1. SEM2. ()SEM

(2)Thomas haemacytometer3(a):1 ml (b)/161/0.000251,000cell/ml3. Thomas haemacytometer

6.Hg Me-Hg 0.5 mL 10 mL 800 WRamp 10 min180 Hold 5 min30 DI 100 mL/DCB-extractingICP-MSICPICP-MSHgHgMe-Hg

1.Hg/Hg DCB ()Hg Hg Hg 4 Hg 5 Hg /1 80 %60 %Hg 14 95 %Hg Hg Hg Hg

4. ,C0 = 5 g/L, = 105 cells/mL5. ,C0 = 5 g/L, = 5105 cells/mL

2.Me-Hg/65 g/L (C0Me-Hg21Me-Hg/98%7/HgMe-HgHgMe-HgMe-Hg5 g/LMe-HgMe-Hg0.00220.0018 ng-Me-Hg/cell

6. ,C0 = 5g/L, = 105 cells/mL7. ,C0 = 5g/L, = 105 cells/mL

3./HgMe-HgHgMe-Hg8 Hg (lag phase)Hg (log phase)3106 cells/mlHg 0.009ng-Hg/cellHg 0.002 ng-Hg/cellHg Hg (9)8106 cells/mlHg 0.006 ng-Hg/cellHg Hg Hg Hg Hg

8. /Hg ng-Hg/cellC0 = 5 g/L, =5105 cells/mL9. /Hg ng-Hg/cellC0 = 5 g/L, =5105 cells/mL

10 11 Me-Hg ()Me-Hg 1.3107 cells/mlMe-Hg 0.005 ng-Hg/cell()Me-Hg 0.0005ng-MeHg/cell0.001 ng- MeHg /cellHg Me-Hg 10. /Me-Hgng-MeHg/cellC0 = 5g/L, = 5105 cells/ml11. /Me-Hgng- MeHg /cellC0 = 5g/L, = 5105 cells/ml

4.Hg Hg+2()Hg+2Hg(Me-Hg)(12)Hg+220Me-Hg20~42Me-HgHgHgMe-Hg12. HgMe-Hg

1.Hg/HgMe-Hg2.DCBHgHgHg3.Hg/Me-HgMe-Hg/Me-Hg4.HgMe-Hg/Me-Hg/Hg5.HgHgMe-Hg

1. Biester, H., Schuhmacher, P., Mller, G., Effectiveness of mossy tin filters to remove mercury from aqueous solution by Hg(II) reduction and Hg(0) amalgamation, Water Research, Vol. 34, Iss. 7, pp. 2031-2036 (2000).2. Paraquetti, H. H. M., Ayres, G. A., Almeida, M. D. de, Molisani, M. M. and Lacerda,L. D. de,Mercury distribution, speciation and flux in the Sepetiba Bay tributaries,SE Brazil, Water Research, Vol. 38, Iss. 6, pp. 1439-1448 (2004).3. He, T., Feng, X., Guo, Y., Qiu, G., Li, Z., Liang, L. and Lu, J., The impact of eutrophication on the biogeochemical cycling of mercury species in a reservoir: A case study from Hongfeng Reservoir, Guizhou, China, Environmental Pollution, Vol. 154, Iss. 1, pp. 56-67 (2008).4. Awasthi, M. and Rai, L. C., Adsorption of nickel, zinc and cadmium byimmobilized green algae and cyanobacteria: a comparative study, Annals of microbiology, Vol. 54, No. 3, pp. 257-267 (2004).5. Struck, B. D., Pelzer, R., Ostapczuk P., Emons H. and Mohl C., Statistical evaluation of ecosystem properties influencing the uptake of As, Cd, Co, Cu, Hg,Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in seaweed (Fucus vesiculosus) and common mussel (Mytilusedulis), The Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 207, Iss. 1, pp. 29-42 (1997).6. Csonto, J., Kadukova, J. and Polak, M., Artificial life simulation of living alga cells and its sorption mechanisms, Journal of Medical Systems, Vol. 25, Iss. 3, pp.221-231 ( 2001).7. Rai, L. C., Gaur J. P. and Soeder C. J. (ed.), Algae and Water Pollution, E.Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung science, Advances in Limnology,Germany, Vol. 42, pp. 1-29 (1994).8. USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), Mercury Study Report to Congress, Vol. 1, Executive Summary, EPA-452/R-97-003, (Washington: GPO) (1997).9. Taylor GJ, Crowder A. A. Use of the DCB technique for extraction of hydrous ironoxides from roots of wetland plants, Amer. J Bot.; 70, pp. 12541257. 23 (1983).