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情态动词的运用是高考英语单项选择几乎每年必考的要点。根据近几年对全国部分高考题的分析，主要归纳为以下几个考查热点：

1. 情态动词表示推测 ;

2. 情态动词 + have done 结构； 3. 特定的语气 ;

4. 情态动词基本用法 .

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一 . 情态动词表示推测的用法情态动词可用来表示推测 , 语气从强到弱的顺序是：

１． must 所表示的可能性最大，最有把握，意为“一定”。 He must be at home.

２． can 和 could 主要用于否定句和疑问句中 ，can’t 或 couldn’t 表示“不可能”It can’t be true. Can it be true?３． may 和 might 表示现在或将来可能发生的动作或情况，主要用于肯定句及否定句中， might相对于 may 来说，表示的可能性更小一些。

must ， should ， can ， may ， could ， might 。

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She may not be at home.

She can’t be at home.

They should be there right now.

At this moment, our teacher must be 

correcting our exam papers.

情态动词 +do

表示对现在或将来的情况的推测情态动词 +be doing 。

表示对正在进行的情况的推测

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The road is wet. It must have rained last night.

There is nobody here. They must have 

all gone home.

must/may/might + have done

表示对过去情况推测 ( 肯定，可能，也许已经… )

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1.--Are you coming to Jeff’s party?--I’m not sure. I ____go to the concert instead.(NMET2000) A. must B. would C. should D. might2.Mary __be in Paris ， for I saw her in the town only a few minutes ago ． A ． mustn't B ． can't C ． shouldn't D ． may not

B

D

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3.--_____the news be true?—No, it_____be true.A. Can, can’t B. May, can’tC. May, may not D. Must, mustn’t

注意 :may 和 might 都不用于疑问句中。

（正） Can ／ Could it be cloudy tomorrow ？（误） May ／ Might it be cloudy tomorrow ？

A

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The children must have watered the tomatoes yesterday, _______they﹖

The minister must have arrived in Shanghai, _______hehe﹖

didn’t

hasn’t

You can’t be serious, _____you?are拓展

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二 . 情态动词 +have done

表示对过去所发生事情的推测或带有某 种语气 . 1. I didn’t hear the phone. I must hav

e been asleep.

must have done ( 过去 ) 肯定 / 一定… ( 用于肯定句中 )

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2. ＊— There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.

—It couldn’t have been a comfortable journey.

can’t/couldn’t have done( 过去 ) 不可能…

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3. ● He may not have finished the exercises, I’m afraid.

may/might have done( 过去 ) 或许 / 可能做…( 用于肯定或否定句中 )

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1.You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.

情态动词表虚拟的几个句式

could have done ( 过去 ) 本能够做( 用于肯定或否定句中 , 带有责备、劝

告之意 )

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2.When we got to the cinema, the film hadn’t started, so we needn’t have worried.

比较：— Mary didn’t turn up last night, did she?

—No, she didn’t need to come. We had changed our plan.

needn’t have done ( 过去 ) 本来不必做…

( 没有必要做而实际上也没做 ).

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3.She shouldn’t have taken away my tape, for I wanted to use it.

should /ought to have done

( 过去 ) 本应该做 ( 而实际上未做 ), 用于否定句时则表示过去不该做的事反而做了( 带有后悔、埋怨或责备的语气）。

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(06 陕西） As you worked late yesterday, yo

u ___ have come this morning.

B. may not

C. can’t D. mustn’t

A

A. needn’t

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◆(04 全国 ) Mr. White_____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up.

B. should arrive

C. should had arrived

D. should be arriving

◆(04 福建 ) —I’ll tell Marry about her new job tomorrow.

—You ____ her last week.

A. ought to tell B. could have told

C. must tell

A. should have arrived

D. should have told

A

D

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(05 福建 )

—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.

—Thanks. You ____ it. I could manage it myself.

A. needn’t do

C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done

B. needn’t have done

B

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(NMET 05)

He ______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.

A. should

C. wouldn’t D. can’t

B. must

B

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(00 上海 )

My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday, so he ______ your lecture.

B. needn’t have attended

C. mustn’t have attended

D. shouldn’t have attended

A. couldn’t have attended

A