วิทยานิพนธ์ปริญญาบริหารธุรกิจมหาบัณฑิต...
DESCRIPTION
วิทยานิพนธ์ ของ ฉัตรอมร แย้มเจริญ ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างจริยธรรมด้านการมีมนุษยสัมพันธ์ จรรยาบรรณวิชาชีพบัญชี และประสิทธิภาพการทำงานของนักบัญชี : กรณีศึกษา นักบัญชีในบริษัทจดทะเบียนในตลาดหลักทรัพย์แห่งประเทศไทยในกรุงเทพมหานคร หลักสูตรบริหารธุรกิจมหาบัณฑิต มหาวิทยาลัยราชพฤกษ์ ปีการศึกษา 2557 อาจารย์ที่ปรึกษา อาจารย์ ดร.ประภัสสร กิตติมโนรม Chatarmorn Yamcharoen's Thesis. The Relationships between the Morals in Aspect of Having Human Relations, the Accounting Professional Ethics and the Work Efficiency of Accountants: The Case Study of Accountants in the Listed Companies in Stock Exchange of Thailand in Bangkok Metropolis. Master of Business Administration (MBA) Year: 2014 Advisor: Dr.Prapatsorn KittimanoromTRANSCRIPT
:
The Relationships between the Morals in Aspect of Having Human Relations, the Accounting Professional Ethics and the Work Efficiency of Accountants: The Case Study of Accountants in the Listed Companies in Stock Exchange
of Thailand in Bangkok Metropolis.
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THESIS
Title : The Relationships between the Morals in Aspect of Having Human Relations, the Accounting Professional Ethics and the Work Efficiency of Accountants: The Case Study of Accountants in the Listed Companies in Stock Exchange of Thailand in Bangkok Metropolis.
Researcher : Mr. Chatarmorn Yamcharoen Advisor : Dr. Prapatsorn Kittimanorom Program : Master of Business Administration Year : 2014
ABSTRACT This research aims to study the opinions, compare opinions and study
relationships between the morals in aspect of having human relations, the accounting professional ethics and the work efficiency of accountants. The research population and samples were accountants in the listed companies in Stock Exchange of Thailand in Bangkok Metropolis, numbering 478 companies. The tools used in the research were questionnaires. There were 385 responses returning. The research result found that:
1) The accountants had opinions related with the morals in aspect of havinghuman relations in the high level; the accounting professional ethics was in the most level and the work efficiency was in the high level.
2) From the compare opinions of accountants in the overview, it was foundthat:
2.1) The opinions of the morals in aspect of having human relations; the accountants with different age, education level, marriage status, industry of the organization and salary level had opined differently at significant level of 0.05.
2.2) The opinions of the accounting professional ethics; the accountants with different age and salary level had opined differently at significant level of 0.05.
2.3) The opinions of the work efficiency; the accountants with different age, industry of the organization, work experience, salary level and numbers of accountants in accounting department had opined differently at significant level of 0.05.
3) From the tests of relationships in the overview, it was found that:3.1) The morals in aspect of having human relations, in self-sacrifice and
apportionment, behave according with the rules and responsibilities that should be done, opinion and using of discretion; had relations and positive effects on the work efficiency at significant level of 0.05.
3.2) The accounting professional ethics, in independence, regarding knowledge and capability, work performance standard and responsibility towards shareholders, partners, individuals or juristic persons working for them; had relations and positive effects on the work efficiency at significant level of 0.05.
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1 1 1.1 1 1.2 3 1.3 3 1.4 4 1.5 4 1.6 5 1.7 5 1.8 7 1.9 7 1.10 8
2 11 2.1 11 2.2 16 2.3 18 2.4 28 2.5 31 2.6 37 2.7 45 2.8 53
3 56 3.1 56 3.2 56 3.3 57 3.4 60 3.5 61
( )
4 63
4.1 63 4.2 65 4.3 65 4.4 92 4.5 198 4.6 228 4.7 234
5 237 5.1 237 5.2 246 5.3 250
252
258 . .2547 259 ( 19)
. .2553 281 289
300 312
318
2.1 162.2
532.3
542.4
554.1 664.2 664.3 664.4 674.5 674.6 674.7 684.8 684.9 694.10 / 694.11
704.12
71 4.13
72 4.14
73 4.15
74 4.16
75
4.17 76
( )
4.18 77
4.19 78
4.20 79
4.21 80
4.22 81
4.23 82
4.24 83
4.25 84
4.26 85
4.27
864.28
87
4.29 88
4.30 89
4.31 90
4.32 91
( )
4.33 94
4.34 95
4.35 96
4.36
964.37
97
4.38
974.39
98
4.40
984.41
99
4.42 100
4.43
1014.44
101
( )
4.45
1024.46
102
4.47
1034.48
103
4.49 104
4.50 105
4.51
1064.52
106
4.53
1074.54
1084.55
109
( )
4.56
1104.57
111
4.58
1124.59
113
4.60
114 4.61
115
4.62 116
4.63
1174.64
117
4.65
1184.66
119
( )
4.67 120
4.68
1214.69
122
4.70
1234.71
124
4.72
1254.73
126
4.74
1274.75
1284.76
129
4.77
130
( )
4.78 134
4.79 135
4.80 136
4.81 136
4.82 137
4.83 138
4.84 138
4.85 139
4.86
1394.87
140 4.88
141
4.89
1414.90
142
4.91 143
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4.92
1444.93
144
4.94
1454.95
1464.96
1474.97
148
4.98 149
4.99
1504.100
151
4.101
1524.102
153
( )
4.103
154 4.104
155
4.105 156
4.106
1574.107
157
4.108 158
4.109 159
4.110 160
4.111 161
4.112
1624.113
163
4.114
164
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4.115
1654.116
166
4.117
1674.118
168
4.119 169
4.120 170
4.121
1714.122
171
4.123 172
4.124
1734.125
176
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4.126 177
4.127 178
4.128 178
4.129 179
4.130 180
4.131 180
4.132 181
4.133 182
4.134 183
4.135
184 4.136
185
4.137 186
4.138 187
4.139
187
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4.140 188
4.141 189
4.142 190
4.143 191
4.144 192
4.145 193
4.146 194
4.147
194 4.148
195
4.149
1964.150
1994.151
2004.152
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4.153 202
4.154 203
4.155
204
4.156 205
4.157 206
4.158
207 4.159
2084.160
2094.161
2104.162
2114.163
2134.164
214
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4.165
215
4.166 216
4.167 217
4.168
2184.169
2194.170
2204.171
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226 4.175
227
1.1 62.1 5 Maslow 12 2.2 Alderfer Maslow 14 2.3 27
1
1.1
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1.2 1.2.1
1.2.2
1.2.3
1.2.4
1.3 1.3.1
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.3.4
3
1.4 1.4.1
1.4.2
1.4.3
1.5
1.5.1
1.5.2 (1)
4 . .2556 478 (
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( 2554 : 13 – 14) 5 % 95 % 385
1.5.3
1.5.4 . .2557
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1.6
1.6.1 1)
/
2) 2.1) 2.2) 2.3)
1.6.2
1)
( . . ) (2551 : 201) 2)
( 19) . .2553 3)
(2546 : 8 – 9)
1.7
(Concept Framework)
5
1.1 : (Concept Framework)
Independent Variables
Dependent Variables
- - - - -
-
- - -
- - - - - - - - -
-
- - - - - - - - - - /
6
1.8
(Questionnaires) 5
1
/
2 6
3 10
4 3
5
1.9 1.9.1
1.9.2
1.9.3
1.9.4
1.9.5
7
1.10
6
, ,
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8
9
10
2
:
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8)
2.1
2.1.1 (Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs) (Abraham Harold Maslow)
. .1943 (A Theory of Human Motivation) (Maslow, 1943 : 370 – 396)
(Motivation and Personality) . .1954 (Maslow, 1954)
( , 2542 : 51) ( . . . , 2548 : 49)
(1) (2)
(3)
5
( . . . , 2548 : 49)
2.1 : 5 Maslow
1) (Physiological needs)
( . . . , 2548 : 50) 2) (Safty needs)
( . . . ,
2548 : 51) 3) (Love and belonging needs)
( . . . , 2548 : 52) - - - - -
Self - actualization needs
Esteem needs
Love and belonging needs
Safty needs
Physiological needs
12
4) (Esteem needs) ( . . . , 2548 : 52)
- - - - - - -
5) (Self – actualization needs) ( . . . , 2548 : 52)
- - - - - - -
5
( . . . , 2548 : 53) 5
( . . . , 2548 : 53) 1 5
1 2 3
( , 2542 : 54)
13
2.1.2 (Alderfer’s ERG Theory) (Clayton Paul Alderfer) . .1969
An Empirical Test of a New Theory of Human Needs. (Alderfer, 1969 : 142 – 175) 5
Alderfer’s Modified Need Hierarchy Theory ( , 2542 : 54)
3 Existence – Relatedness – Growth ERG Theory
2.2 : Alderfer Maslow ( , 2542 : 55)
3 5.
4. 2 3. 1 2.
1.
5 3 ( , 2542 : 55)
1 (Existence) 1 2
2 (Relatedness) 3
3 (Growth) 4 5
3 ( , 2542 : 55)
1 3 (Frustration)
( , 2542 : 56)
14
2.1.3 (McClelland’s Socially Acquired Needs Theory) (David Clarence McClelland) 1962 Business Drive and National Achievements. (McClelland, 1962 :
99 – 112) 3 ( ,
2542 : 56) 3 1) (Need for Achievement)
2) (Need for Affiliation)
3) (Need for Power)
3 1 2
2.1.4 (Herzberg’s Two Factors Theory) Frederick Irving Herzberg . .1959 The Motivation to Work. (Herzberg, 1959)
( . . . , 2548 :
53 - 54) 1) (Motivational factors)
2) (Hygiene factors)
15
2.1.5
2.1 : Abraham H. Maslow Clayton P. Alderfer David C. McClelland Frederick I. Herzberg
(Physiological needs)
(Existence) -
(Hygiene factors)
(Safty needs)
(Love and belonging needs)
(Relatedness)
(Need for Affiliation)
(Esteem needs)
(Growth)
(Need for Power)
(Motivational factors)
(Self – actualization needs)
(Need for
Achievement)
2.2
2.2.1 . .2554 “ ”
, , ( , 2556 : 303) (2524)
(2540)
16
Kohlberg (1970)
Carroll (1993) (Moral Duty and
Obligation) (Morality) (Moral Conduct)
2.2.2
( , 2554 : 14)
( , 2554 : 14)
1) (The Utilitarian View)
2) (The Individualism View)
17
3) (Moral – Rights View) (Basic Human
Rights)
4) (The Justice View)
2.3
2.3.1 . .2554 “ ”
( , 2556 : 879)
(2553 : 17)
(2538 : 2)
(2525 : 4)
(2541 : 2)
(2536 : 120)
18
(2542 : 134)
(2549 : 2)
(2535 : 1)
(2551 : 13)
(2540 : 4)
(2530 : 10)
(2542 : 25)
19
(2527 : 2)
(2535 : 17)
. . . (2548 : 3)
( . . . 2548 : 5) Benton (1998)
Dalton, Hoyle Watts (2000)
Davis (1957)
DeCenzo (1997)
20
Dubrin (1981 : 4)
Flippo (1966 : 15)
Gellerman (1966 : 12)
2.3.2
( , 2526 : 15 – 18) 4 (Keith Davis, 1952)
1) 2) 3) 4)
1) (Individual Difference)
(Socialization Process)
2) (whole person)
21
3) (Caused behaviour)
4) (Human dignity)
2.3.3
(2527 : 2 – 3)
(2550 : 19 – 20)
( 2550 : 22)
(2549 : 5)
(2542 : 95)
22
(2548 : )
( 2548 : 2)
(2530 : 42)
(2542 : 11)
(2543 : 15 – 16)
. . . (2542 : 16)
Kossen (1978 : 6)
23
2.3.4
( , 2548 : 2) 1) 2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
( , 2540 : 16) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)
2.3.5
( . . . , 2548 : 25) 1)
24
2) “
”
2.3.6
( , 2548 : 2) 1)
2)
3) (job role)
4)
5)
25
2.3.7 ( , 2551 : 44 – 45)
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
3 1) 2) 3) ( , 2549 : 128)
26
2.3 : ( , 2549 : 129)
3 ( , 2549 : 130)
27
2.4
2.4.1 3 ( ,
2550 : 53 – 54) 1)
2)
3)
3
2.4.2
( , 2539 : 44) - MAN IS POWER - MAN IS ASSETS - MAN IS MONEY - MAN IS TECHNOLOGY CREATOR - MAN IS DIGNITY -
2.4.3
“ ”
1)
. .2554 “” ( , 2556 : 1224)
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3.1)
( , 2554 : 19)
3.2)
( , 2554 : 20)
30
2.5
2.5.1
( , 2549 : 133)
( , 2549 : 133)
4 . .2540 ( ,
2549 : 133) “
”
( 2549 : 133 – 134)
1.
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( , 2556 : 301)
31
2.
( , 2549 : 54)
3.
( , 2549 : 134)
( , 2549 : 134) (1)
(2)
(3)
4.
4.1)
2 ( , 2549 : 54)
4.2)
( , 2549 : 55)
32
4.3)
( , 2549 : 56) 4.3.1)
4.3.2)
5.
4 ( , 2549 : 135)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
33
2.5.2 (Accounting)
( , , 2550 : 4) (Book Keeping)
( , 2550 : 4 – 5)
-
-
-
2.5.3 . .2547 “ ”
34
2.5.4 (Information Technology)
( , 2550 : 4)
2.5.5
. .2547 47
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2.6
2.6.1 . .2554 “ ”
( , 2556 : 713) (2542 : 49) “ ” (Efficiency)
(Efficiency is Do Things Right) (2539 : 315)
(2542 : 7)
37
2.6.2 (2548 : 15 – 16)
(2546 : 6)
(2548 : 37)
(2548 : 16)
Input Output
(2549 : 22)
(2552 : 11)
(2545 : 3)
(2550 : 4) ,
38
(2523 : 246) (Job Efficiency)
(2552 : 30)
(2545 : 57) (Job Efficiency)
(2546 : 7)
(2538 : 323) (Job Efficiency)
Millett (1954 : 4)
(Human satisfaction and benefit produced) Ryan Smith (1954 : 276) (Human Efficiency)
2.6.3
( , 2523 : 246)
39
( , 2542 : 7 – 8)
3 ( , 2542 : 40 – 41) 1) (Cognitive Abilities)
1.1)
1.2)
1.3) 1.4) 1.5)
1.6) 1.7)
2) (Performance Abilities) 2.1)
2.2) (Information
Technology) 2.3) 2.4) 2.5) 2.6) 2.7)
3) (Affective Characteristics) 3.1) 3.2) 3.3) 3.4) 3.5)
40
( 2542 : 206-209) 1)
1.1)
1.2)
1.3)
1.4) 1.5)
1.6)
2) 2.1)
2.2)
2.3)
2.4)
2.5)
3)
3.1)
3.2)
41
3.3)
4)
4.1) (Technical Skill)
4.2) (Human Skill)
4.3) (Conceptual Skill)
5)
- - -
6)
42
2.6.4 (2550 : 37 – 38) (Job
satisfaction) Herzberg (1957 : 103)
Pigors Meyer (1969 : 160 – 161) Becker Neuhauser (1975)
(Model of organizational efficiency)
(Open system) 1) (Low task –
environment complexity) (Certainty)
(High task –
environment complexity) (Uncertainty) 2) (Specification of procedure)
(Visibility of consequences)
3) 4)
2.6.5
(2521 : 30) 12
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)
43
7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12)
2.6.6
3 ( , 2546 : 8 – 9)
1) (Implementation Cost)
2) (Service Timing)
3) (Service Quality)
2.6.7
(2540 : 29)
1) 2)
3)
4)
5)
44
2.7
2.7.1
(2546 : )
/ 1.
0.05
2.
(2546 : ) “ ”
(2547 : ) “”
6
45
6
(2548 : ) “ SMEs
” SMEs
(2549 : ) “
”
(2549 : ) “
”
46
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(2549 : ) “”
1) 2)
3)
4)
1) 2) 3)
4) 5) 6)
(2550 : ) “
”
47
(2550 : ) “ ( . . .)
( 3)”
(2550 : ) “”
(2551 : ) “ ”
8
5
9
(2551 : ) “
SMEs ”
SMEs
48
(2551 : ) “
”
1)
2)
3)
4)
(2551 : ) “
”
(2552 : ) “ SMEs ”
SMEs SMEs
SMEs
49
(2552 : ) “ ”
(2552 : ) “”
(2553 : ) “”
50
(2554 : ) “ ”
6
0.05
(2554 : ) “
”
(2554 : ) “
” 21 – 35
/ 5,000
1)
51
2) 3)
4)
2.7.2
Atkinson, A.S. (2002 : 212 - 218) “”
Buchan (2009 : 1 – 7) “ :
”
52
2.8
2.8.1
2.2 :
/
(255
1 )
(2
547)
(2
553)
..
(2
554)
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554)
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6 ( . . ) (2551 : 201)
6
53
2.8.2
2.3 :
/
.
..2
547
( 1
9)
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553
(2
548)
(
2550
)
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551)
(2
552)
1. 2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
2.3 . .2547 ( 19)
. .2553 . .2547
( 19) . .2553
( 19) . .2553 10
54
2.8.3
2.4 :
/
(2
546)
(2
548)
(2
549)
(2
549)
(2
551)
(2
551)
(2
552)
1.
2. /
3. / /
4.
5.
6.
2.4 (2546)
3 3
55
3
:
1) 2) 3) 4) 5)
3.1
: (Quantitative Research)
(Survey Research) (Questionnaires)
3.2
(Population)
4 . .2556
478 ( , ) (Representative Sample)
( 2554 : 13 – 14) 5% 95%
385
3.3
(Questionnaires)
3.3.1
1) 2) 3) 4)
57
5) (Validity) 3
5.1) 5.2) 5.3) / (CPA) 4976
6) (Index of Item-Objective Congruence : IOC)
IOC N +1 0 -1 0.50
7)
8) (Try out) 30
9) Item – Total Correlation
(r) 0.385 – 0.799 (r) 0.474 – 0.906
(r) 0.394 – 0.921
58
10) (Reliability) Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient
( – Coefficient) 0.759 – 0.858 ( – Coefficient) 0.771 – 0.918
( – Coefficient) 0.763 – 0.924 11)
3.3.2
5 1
(Closed – ended Question) (Check List) (Open – ended Question)
/ 10
2
6
35 (Rating Scale) 5
Likert Scale
3
( 19) . .2553 10
44 (Rating Scale) 5
Likert Scale
59
2 3 (Rating Scale) Likert Scale 5
5 4 3 2 1
4
(2546 : 8 – 9) 3 18
(Rating Scale) 5 Likert Scale
4 (Rating Scale) Likert Scale 5
5 4 3 2 1
5 (Open – ended Question)
3.4
1)
2)
468
10
60
Internet http://goo.gl/tCh1q4 – . .2557
3) Internet 385
3.5
1)
2) (Coding) 3)
4)
4.1)
4.1.1) (Frequency) 4.1.2) (Percentage)
4.2)
4.2.1) (Frequency) 4.2.2) (Percentage)
4.2.3) (Mean or ) 4.2.4) (Standard Deviation : S.D.) 4.2.5)
(Range) = –
61
4.21 – 5.00 3.41 – 4.20 2.61 – 3.40 1.81 – 2.60 1.00 – 1.80
4.3)
t – test 2 2 (One Way Analysis of Variance : ANOVA F – test)
(Least Signi cant Difference : LSD)
4.4)
4.4.1) Variance Inflation Factors (VIFs) 4.4.2) (Correlation Analysis) 4.4.3)
(Multiple Regression Analysis) 4.5)
4.6)
0.05
62
4
:
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)
4.1
n (Mean) S.D. (Standard Deviation) t t – distribution F F – distribution Sig. (Significance) VIF (Variance Inflation Factor)
R
R2 (R Square)
Adj. R2 (Adjusted R Square) SEest
(Standard Error of the estimate) MHR1
MHR2
MHR3
MHR4
MHR5
MHR6
MHRT
APE1 APE2 APE3 APE4 APE5 APE6 APE7 APE8 APE9
APE10 APET
64
WEA1
WEA2 WEA3 WEAT
4.2
1) 2) 3) 4) 5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
4.3
385
4.3.1
/
4.1 – 4.10
65
4.1 ( ) (%)
1. 2.
125 260
32.47 67.53
385 100.00
4.1 385 260 67.53 125 32.47
4.2
( ) (%)
1. 21 – 28 2. 29 – 36 3. 37 – 44 4. 45 – 52 5. 53 – 60
75 122 95 61 32
19.48 31.69 24.68 15.84 8.31
385 100.00
4.2 385 29 – 36 122 31.69 37 –
44 95 24.68, 21 – 28 75 19.48, 45 – 52 61 15.84
53 – 60 32 8.31
4.3 ( ) (%)
1. 2. 3.
6 257 122
1.56 66.75 31.69
385 100.00
4.3 385 257 66.75
122 31.69 6 1.56
66
4.4 ( ) (%)
1. 2. 3.
381 2 2
98.96 0.52 0.52
385 100.00
4.4 385 381 98.96 2
0.52 2 0.52
4.5 ( ) (%)
1. 2. 3. 4.
218 162 3 2
56.62 42.08 0.78 0.52
385 100.00
4.5 385 218 56.62 162
42.08, 3 0.78 2 0.52
4.6
( ) (%)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. (Holding Company)
6 47 86 34 48 21 108 32 3
1.56 12.21 22.34 8.83 12.47 5.45 28.05 8.31 0.78
385 100.00
67
4.6 385 108 28.05
86 22.34, 48 12.47, 47 12.21, 34 8.83, 32
8.31, 21 5.45, 6 1.56 (Holding
Company) 3 0.78
4.7 ( ) (%)
1. 6 2. 7 – 12 3. 13 – 18 4. 19 – 24 5. 25 – 30 6. 31 – 36
204 84 27 48 9 13
52.99 21.82 7.01 12.47 2.34 3.38
385 100.00
4.7 385 6 204 52.99
7 – 12 84 21.82, 19 – 24 48 12.47,
13 – 18 27 7.01, 31 – 36 13 3.38 25 – 30 9 2.34
4.8
( ) (%)
1. / 2.
89 296
23.12 76.88
385 100.00
4.8 385 296 76.88
/ 89 23.12
68
4.9 ( ) (%)
1. 10,000 2. 10,001 – 15,000 3. 15,001 – 20,000 4. 20,001 – 25,000 5. 25,001 – 30,000 6. 30,000
6 33 47 71 96 132
1.56 8.57 12.21 18.44 24.94 34.29
385 100.00
4.9 385 30,000 132 34.29
25,001 – 30,000 96 24.94, 20,001 – 25,000 71 18.44,
15,001 – 20,000 47 12.21, 10,001 – 15,000 33 8.57
10,000 6 1.56
4.10 / / ( ) (%)
1. 10 2. 11 – 40 3. 41 – 70 4. 71 – 100 5. 100
182 155 32 11 5
47.27 40.26 8.31 2.86 1.30
385 100.00
4.10 385 / 10 182 47.27
/ 11 – 40 155 40.26, / 41 – 70
32 8.31, / 71 – 100 11 2.86 / 100 5 1.30
69
4.3.2 6
4.11
4.11
(n = 385)
S.D.
1. 4.11 .493 2. 3.94 .517 3. 3.92 .574 4. 4.06 .533 5. 4.19 .501 6. 4.03 .545
4.04 .427
4.11
385 ( = 4.04)
( =4.19) ( =4.11), ( =4.06), ( =4.03),
( =3.94) ( =3.92) 4.12 – 4.17
70
4.1
2
(n =
385
)
S.
D.
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
1.
111
28.8
3 21
4 55
.58
60
15.5
8 -
- -
- 4.
13
.654
2.
103
26.7
5 22
1 57
.40
58
15.0
6 3
0.78
-
- 4.
10
.664
3.
12
5 32
.47
209
54.2
9 43
11
.17
4 1.
04
4 1.
04
4.16
.7
40
4.
89
23.1
2 23
1 60
.00
69
17.9
2 1
0.26
1
0.26
4.
02
.655
5.
12
1 31
.43
214
55.5
8 50
12
.99
- -
- -
4.18
.6
41
6.
107
27.7
9 19
8 51
.43
77
20.0
0 3
0.78
-
- 4.
06
.712
4.
11
.493
4.1
2
(
= 4
.11)
(=4
.18)
(
= 4
.16)
,
( =
4.1
3),
(
=
4.10
),
(
= 4.
06)
(
=
4.02
)
71
4.1
3
(n
= 3
85)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
50
12
.99
238
61.8
2 97
25
.19
- -
- -
3.88
.6
07
2.
44
11.4
3 23
1 60
.00
100
25.9
7 7
1.82
3
0.78
3.
79
.690
3.
43
11
.17
232
60.2
6 10
4 27
.01
3 0.
78
3 0.
78
3.80
.6
67
4.
67
17.4
0 23
5 61
.04
80
20.7
8 3
0.78
-
- 3.
95
.642
5.
11
4 29
.61
211
54.8
1 60
15
.58
- -
- -
4.14
.6
58
6.
11
0 28
.57
205
53.2
5 67
17
.40
3 0.
78
- -
4.10
.6
95
3.
94
.517
4.1
3
( =
3.9
4)
(
=4.1
4)
(
= 4
.10)
, (
= 3
.95)
,
(
= 3
.88)
,
(
= 3
.80)
(
= 3
.79)
72
4.1
4
(n
= 3
85)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
68
17
.66
181
47.0
1 13
1 34
.03
5 1.
30
- -
3.81
.7
31
2.
63
16
.36
189
49.0
9 13
1 34
.03
2 0.
52
- -
3.81
.7
01
3.
73
18.9
6 22
6 58
.70
82
21.3
0 4
1.04
-
- 3.
96
.666
4.
83
21
.56
224
58.1
8 74
19
.22
4 1.
04
- -
4.00
.6
71
5.
90
23.3
8 21
7 56
.36
77
20.0
0 1
0.26
-
- 4.
03
.667
6.
93
24
.16
217
56.3
6 75
19
.48
- -
- -
4.05
.6
60
7.
61
15.8
4 19
9 51
.69
121
31.4
3 4
1.04
-
- 3.
82
.696
8.
66
17
.14
225
58.4
4 90
23
.38
4 1.
04
- -
3.92
.6
64
3.
92
.574
4.1
4
( =
3.9
2)
(
=4.0
5)
( =
4.0
3),
( =
4.0
0),
(
= 3
.96)
, (
= 3
.92)
, (
= 3
.82)
,
(
= 3
.81)
73
4
.15
(n =
385
)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
114
29.6
1 22
9 59
.48
42
10.9
1 -
- -
- 4.
19
.609
2.
16
6 43
.12
169
43.9
0 46
11
.95
2 0.
52
2 0.
52
4.29
.7
33
3.
67
17
.40
237
61.5
6 81
21
.04
- -
- -
3.96
.6
20
4.
51
13
.25
247
64.1
6 84
21
.82
3 0.
78
- -
3.90
.6
10
5.
64
16
.62
246
63.9
0 72
18
.70
3 0.
78
- -
3.96
.6
20
4.
06
.533
4.1
5
(
=4.0
6)
( =
4.2
9)
( =
4.1
9),
(
= 3
.96)
( =
3.9
0)
74
4.1
6
(n
= 3
85)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
80
20
.78
246
63.9
0 59
15
.32
- -
- -
4.05
.5
99
2.
98
25.4
5 25
1 65
.19
34
8.83
2
0.52
-
- 4.
16
.583
3.
10
2 26
.49
245
63.6
4 35
9.
09
3 0.
78
- -
4.16
.6
02
4.
139
36.1
0 20
5 53
.25
38
9.87
2
0.52
1
0.26
4.
24
.667
5.
15
9 41
.30
194
50.3
9 30
7.
79
1 0.
26
1 0.
26
4.32
.6
50
4.
19
.501
4.1
6
(
= 4
.19)
(
= 4
.32)
( =
4.2
4)
( =
4.1
6)
( =
4.0
5)
75
4.1
7
(n
= 3
85)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
10
2 26
.49
217
56.3
6 65
16
.88
1 0.
26
- -
4.09
.6
61
2.
76
19.7
4 24
3 63
.12
66
17.1
4 -
- -
- 4.
03
.608
3.
71
18
.44
243
63.1
2 69
17
.92
2 0.
52
- -
3.99
.6
21
4.
76
19
.74
246
63.9
0 61
15
.84
2 0.
52
- -
4.03
.6
14
5.
82
21.3
0 22
1 57
.40
80
20.7
8 2
0.52
-
- 3.
99
.665
4.
03
.545
4.1
7
(=4
.03)
(=4
.09)
(
=
4.03
),
(
= 3
.99)
76
4.3.3 10
4.18
4.18
(n = 385)
S.D.
1. 4.45 .554 2. 4.22 .617 3. 4.32 .578 4. 4.47 .552 5. 4.30 .566 6. 4.32 .628 7. 4.50 .589 8. 4.35 .574 9.
4.30 .568
10. 4.29 .565
4.35 .481
4.18 385
( =4.35)
( =4.50) ( =4.47), ( = 4.45), ( =4.35),
( =4.32), ( =4.30),
( =4.29) ( =4.22) 4.19 – 4.28
77
4
.19
(n =
385
)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
215
55.8
4 14
7 38
.18
23
5.97
-
- -
- 4.
50
.609
2.
17
1 44
.42
194
50.3
9 20
5.
19
- -
- -
4.39
.5
86
3.
192
49.8
7 17
3 44
.94
20
5.19
-
- -
- 4.
45
.593
4.
45
.554
4.1
9
(
=4.4
5)
(=4
.50)
(
= 4
.45)
(
= 4
.39)
78
4
.20
(n =
385
)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
137
35.5
8 20
8 54
.03
37
9.61
3
0.78
-
- 4.
24
.652
2.
11
7 30
.39
198
51.4
3 67
17
.40
3 0.
78
- -
4.11
.7
05
3.
160
41.5
6 18
8 48
.83
34
8.83
3
0.78
-
- 4.
31
.663
4.
22
.617
4.2
0
(
=4.2
2)
(
=4.3
1)
(=4
.24)
(=4
.11)
79
4
.21
(n =
385
)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
14
4 37
.40
198
51.4
3 40
10
.39
3 0.
78
- -
4.25
.6
67
2.
22
1 57
.40
148
38.4
4 13
3.
38
3 0.
78
- -
4.52
.6
04
3.
148
38.4
4 18
2 47
.27
52
13.5
1 3
0.78
-
- 4.
23
.705
4.
16
4 42
.60
181
47.0
1 37
9.
61
3 0.
78
- -
4.31
.6
75
5.
170
44.1
6 18
1 47
.01
30
7.79
4
1.04
-
- 4.
34
.667
6.
15
6 40
.52
182
47.2
7 44
11
.43
3 0.
78
- -
4.28
.6
90
4.
32
.578
4.2
1
(
= 4
.32)
(
= 4
.52)
(
=4.3
4),
( =
4.3
1),
( =
4.2
8),
( =
4.2
5),
( =
4.2
3)
80
4
.22
(n
= 3
85)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
19
9 51
.69
163
42.3
4 23
5.
97
- -
- -
4.46
.6
07
2.
203
52.7
3 15
9 41
.30
23
5.97
-
- -
- 4.
47
.608
3.
202
52.4
7 16
8 43
.64
15
3.90
-
- -
- 4.
49
.573
4.
47
.552
4.2
2
(
= 4
.47)
(
=4.4
9)
(
= 4
.47)
(
= 4
.46)
81
4
.23
(n =
385
)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
15
9 41
.30
188
48.8
3 38
9.
87
- -
- -
4.31
.6
43
2.
157
40.7
8 19
1 49
.61
34
8.83
3
0.78
-
- 4.
30
.660
3.
20
8 54
.03
142
36.8
8 35
9.
09
- -
- -
4.45
.6
56
4.
177
45.9
7 18
0 46
.75
28
7.27
-
- -
- 4.
39
.619
5.
12
6 32
.73
200
51.9
5 59
15
.32
- -
- -
4.17
.6
72
6.
145
37.6
6 17
1 44
.42
69
17.9
2 -
- -
- 4.
20
.720
7.
14
3 37
.14
195
50.6
5 44
11
.43
3 0.
78
- -
4.24
.6
78
4.
30
.566
4.2
3
(
= 4.
30)
( =
4.4
5)
( =
4.3
9)
( =
4.3
1)
( =
4.3
0)
(
= 4
.24)
,
( =
4.2
0)
( =
4.1
7)
82
4
.24
(n =
385
)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
180
46.7
5 16
5 42
.86
37
9.61
3
0.78
-
- 4.
36
.685
2.
167
43.3
8 17
4 45
.19
41
10.6
5 3
0.78
-
- 4.
31
.690
3.
18
3 47
.53
163
42.3
4 39
10
.13
- -
- -
4.37
.6
62
4.
150
38.9
6 18
1 47
.01
51
13.2
5 3
0.78
-
- 4.
24
.704
4.
32
.628
4.2
4
(
= 4
.32)
(=4
.37)
(
=
4.36
),
( =
4.3
1)
( =
4.2
4)
83
4
.25
(n
= 3
85)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
22
0 57
.14
136
35.3
2 29
7.
53
- -
- -
4.50
.6
34
2.
237
61.5
6 12
2 31
.69
26
6.75
-
- -
- 4.
55
.619
3.
20
8 54
.03
142
36.8
8 35
9.
09
- -
- -
4.45
.6
56
4.
50
.589
4.2
5
(
= 4
.50)
(
= 4
.55)
( =
4.5
0)
( =
4.4
5)
84
4
.26
(n =
385
)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
157
40.7
8 18
6 48
.31
42
10.9
1 -
- -
- 4.
30
.655
2.
148
38.4
4 19
8 51
.43
39
10.1
3 -
- -
- 4.
28
.638
3.
20
5 53
.25
155
40.2
6 22
5.
71
2 0.
52
1 0.
26
4.46
.6
53
4.
35
.574
4.2
6
(
= 4
.35)
(
= 4
.46)
(
= 4
.30)
(
= 4
.28)
85
4
.27
(n
= 3
85)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
16
8 43
.64
187
48.5
7 30
7.
79
- -
- -
4.36
.6
22
2.
167
43.3
8 18
8 48
.83
30
7.79
-
- -
- 4.
36
.621
3.
13
4 34
.81
201
52.2
1 50
12
.99
- -
- -
4.22
.6
57
4.
155
40.2
6 18
4 47
.79
43
11.1
7 2
0.52
1
0.26
4.
27
.697
5.
151
39.2
2 19
7 51
.17
37
9.61
-
- -
- 4.
30
.634
4.
30
.568
4.2
7
( =
4.3
0)
( =
4.3
6)
(
= 4
.30)
, (
= 4
.27)
(
= 4
.22)
86
4.2
8
(n
= 3
85)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
152
39.4
8 19
1 49
.61
39
10.1
3 3
0.78
-
- 4.
28
.672
2.
12
4 32
.21
216
56.1
0 42
10
.91
3 0.
78
- -
4.20
.6
52
3.
149
38.7
0 19
9 51
.69
35
9.09
1
0.26
1
0.26
4.
28
.658
4.
14
1 36
.62
196
50.9
1 46
11
.95
1 0.
26
1 0.
26
4.23
.6
83
5.
163
42.3
4 18
8 48
.83
31
8.05
3
0.78
-
- 4.
33
.655
6.
16
8 43
.64
187
48.5
7 29
7.
53
1 0.
26
- -
4.36
.6
30
7.
17
4 45
.19
182
47.2
7 29
7.
53
- -
- -
4.38
.6
22
4.
29
.565
4.2
8
( =
4.2
9)
(
= 4
.38)
( =
4.3
6)
( =
4.3
3)
( =
4.2
8)
( =
4.2
8)
( =
4.2
3)
(
= 4
.20)
87
4.3.4 3
4.29
4.29
(n = 385)
S.D.
1. 4.10 .574 2. 4.23 .534 3. 4.12 .537
4.14 .496
4.29
385 ( =4.14)
( =4.23)
( =4.12) ( =4.10) 4.30 – 4.32
88
4.3
0
(n
= 3
85)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
98
25
.45
224
58.1
8 61
15
.84
2 0.
52
- -
4.09
.6
54
2.
95
24.6
8 22
6 58
.70
62
16.1
0 2
0.52
-
- 4.
08
.651
3.
98
25
.45
234
60.7
8 52
13
.51
1 0.
26
- -
4.11
.6
23
4.
96
24
.94
238
61.8
2 50
12
.99
1 0.
26
- -
4.11
.6
14
4.
10
.574
4.3
0
(
= 4
.10)
(
=4.1
1)
(
= 4
.09)
(
= 4
.08)
89
4.3
1
(n
= 3
85)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
12
0 31
.17
228
59.2
2 37
9.
61
- -
- -
4.22
.6
02
2.
133
34.5
5 21
3 55
.32
39
10.1
3 -
- -
- 4.
24
.623
3.
116
30.1
3 22
7 58
.96
39
10.1
3 3
0.78
-
- 4.
18
.633
4.
13
4 34
.81
218
56.6
2 33
8.
57
- -
- -
4.26
.6
05
4.
23
.534
4.3
1
(
=4.2
3)
(
=4.2
6)
(=4
.24)
,
(
=4.2
2)
(
=4.1
8)
90
4
.32
(n =
385
)
S.
D.
n %
n
%
n %
n
%
n %
1.
105
27.2
7 21
5 55
.84
62
16.1
0 3
0.78
-
- 4.
10
.676
2.
86
22
.34
212
55.0
6 84
21
.82
3 0.
78
- -
3.99
.6
88
3.
90
23.3
8 21
5 55
.84
80
20.7
8 -
- -
- 4.
03
.665
4.
83
21
.56
215
55.8
4 84
21
.82
3 0.
78
- -
3.98
.6
83
5.
133
34.5
5 21
1 54
.81
41
10.6
5 -
- -
- 4.
24
.629
6.
11
0 28
.57
214
55.5
8 61
15
.84
- -
- -
4.13
.6
55
7.
113
29.3
5 22
5 58
.44
47
12.2
1 -
- -
- 4.
17
.622
8.
13
6 35
.32
203
52.7
3 46
11
.95
- -
- -
4.23
.6
47
9.
106
27.5
3 22
9 59
.48
50
12.9
9 -
- -
- 4.
15
.621
10.
120
31.1
7 21
5 55
.84
50
12.9
9 -
- -
- 4.
18
.640
4.
12
.537
91
4.32
( =4.12) ( =4.24)
( =4.23) ,
( =4.18) ( =4.17) ( =4.15)
( =4.13)
( =4.10) ( =4.03) ( =3.99)
( = 3.98)
4.4
/ t – test 2 2
(One Way Analysis of Variance : ANOVA F – test)
(Least Significant Difference : LSD)
4.4.1
/ 4.33 – 4.77
92
1 :
2 :
3 :
4 :
5 :
6 :
7 :
8 :
9 :
10 : /
93
4.33
(n = 385)
t Sig.
( n = 125 )
( n = 260 )
S.D. S.D.
1. 4.01 .450 4.16 .505 -2.983 .003** 2. 3.97 .475 3.93 .537 .812 .417 3. 3.91 .567 3.93 .578 -.324 .746 4. 4.04 .456 4.07 .567 -.543 .587 5.
4.04 .527 4.26 .473 -3.938 .000**
6. 4.02 .490 4.03 .571 -.205 .837
4.00 .410 4.06 .435 -1.364 .173 ** 0.01
4.33
1
0.01 1 1
94
4.3
4
(n =
385
)
F Si
g.
21 –
28
( n =
75
) 29
– 3
6
( n
= 1
22 )
37 –
44
( n =
95
) 45
– 5
2
( n
= 6
1 )
53 –
60
( n =
32
)
S.D.
S.D.
S.D.
S.D.
S.D.
1.
4.
28
.524
4.
19
.569
4.
02
.389
3.
90
.415
4.
11
.298
6.
978
.000
**
2.
3.
92
.474
3.
93
.519
3.
92
.531
3.
88
.471
4.
23
.589
2.
815
.025
* 3.
4.15
.5
21
3.88
.5
61
3.85
.5
57
3.75
.5
92
4.13
.5
77
6.20
7 .0
00**
4.
4.27
.4
89
4.03
.5
62
4.06
.4
61
3.88
.5
86
4.02
.4
69
5.25
8 .0
00**
5.
4.38
.4
89
4.20
.4
37
4.01
.5
36
4.22
.5
35
4.18
.4
20
6.15
0 .0
00**
6.
4.
34
.438
4.
02
.561
3.
94
.548
3.
83
.529
3.
95
.443
9.
910
.000
**
4.
22
.339
4.
04
.444
3.
97
.430
3.
91
.435
4.
10
.390
6.
091
.000
**
* 0
.05
**
0.0
1
4.3
4
0.0
1
2
0
.05
0.
01
2
(Lea
st S
ignifi
cant
Diff
eren
ce :
LSD)
4.3
5 – 4
.41
95
4.35
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.22 4.04 3.97 3.91 4.10
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.22 4.04 3.97 3.91 4.10
0.18**
0.26** 0.07
0.32** 0.13* 0.06
0.12 -0.06 -0.14 -0.19*
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.35 21 – 28
29 – 36 , 37 – 44 45 – 52 0.01 29 – 36 45 – 52 53 – 60
45 – 52 0.05
4.36
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.28 4.19 4.02 3.90 4.11
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.28 4.19 4.02 3.90 4.11
0.09
0.26** 0.17**
0.38** 0.29** 0.12
0.17 0.08 -0.09 -0.21*
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.36 21–28
37–44 45–52 0.01 29–36 37–44 45–52
0.01 53–60 45–52 0.05
96
4.37
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 3.92 3.93 3.92 3.88 4.23
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
3.92 3.93 3.92 3.88 4.23
-0.01
0.00 0.01
0.04 0.05 0.04
-0.31** -0.30** -0.31** -0.35**
** 0.01
4.37 53 – 60
21 – 28 , 29 – 36 , 37 – 44 45 – 52 0.01
4.38
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.15 3.88 3.85 3.75 4.13
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.15 3.88 3.85 3.75 4.13
0.27**
0.30** 0.03
0.40** 0.12 0.09
0.02 -0.25* -0.28* -0.37**
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.38 21 – 28
29 – 36 , 37 – 44 45 – 52 0.01 53 – 60 29 – 36 37 – 44
0.05 45 – 52 0.01
97
4.39
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.27 4.03 4.06 3.88 4.02
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.27 4.03 4.06 3.88 4.02
0.25**
0.21** -0.04
0.40** 0.15 0.19*
0.26* 0.01 0.04 -0.14
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.39 21 – 28
29 – 36 , 37 – 44 45 – 52 0.01 53 – 60 0.05
37 – 44 45 – 52 0.05
4.40
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.38 4.20 4.01 4.22 4.18
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.38 4.20 4.01 4.22 4.18
0.18*
0.37** 0.19**
0.16 -0.02
-0.21**
0.19 0.02 -0.17 0.04
* 0.05 ** 0.01
98
4.40 21 – 28
29 – 36 0.05 37 – 44 0.01
29 – 36 37 – 44 0.01 45 – 52 37 – 44
0.01
4.41
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.34 4.02 3.94 3.83 3.95
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.34 4.02 3.94 3.83 3.95
0.33**
0.40** 0.07
0.51** 0.19* 0.11
0.39** 0.07 -0.01 -0.12
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.41 21 – 28
29 – 36 , 37 – 44 , 45 – 52 53 – 60
0.01 29 – 36 45 – 52 0.05
99
4.4
2
(n
= 3
85)
F Si
g.
( n
= 6
)
( n =
257
)
( n =
122
)
S.D.
S.D.
S.D.
1.
4.
00
.760
4.
15
.492
4.
03
.472
2.
875
.058
2.
3.92
.7
43
3.99
.5
39
3.84
.4
41
3.89
4 .0
21*
3.
3.
73
.496
3.
99
.599
3.
79
.497
5.
439
.005
**
4.
3.
53
.723
4.
10
.534
3.
99
.502
4.
918
.008
**
5.
3.
60
.829
4.
21
.501
4.
16
.466
4.
654
.010
**
6.
3.
67
.755
4.
08
.577
3.
94
.442
4.
127
.017
*
3.74
.6
57
4.09
.4
37
3.96
.3
75
5.49
4 .0
04**
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.4
2
0
.01
3
0.0
5
0.0
1
3
3
(L
east
Si
gnifi
cant
Di
ffere
nce
: LS
D)
4
.43
– 4.
48
100
4.43
3.74 4.09 3.96
3.74 4.09 3.96
-0.35* -0.22 0.13**
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.43
0.05
0.01
4.44
3.92 3.99 3.84
3.92 3.99 3.84
-0.08 0.08 0.16**
** 0.01
4.44
0.05
101
4.45
3.73 3.99 3.79
3.73 3.99 3.79
-0.26 -0.06 0.20**
** 0.01
4.45
0.05
4.46
3.53 4.10 3.99
3.53 4.10 3.99
-0.57** -0.46* 0.11
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.46
0.01
0.05
102
4.47
3.60 4.21 4.16
3.60 4.21 4.16
-0.61** -0.56** 0.05
** 0.01
4.47
0.01
4.48
3.67 4.08 3.94
3.67 4.08 3.94
-0.41 -0.27 0.14*
* 0.05
4.48
0.05
103
4
.49
(n
= 3
85)
F Si
g.
( n
= 3
81 )
( n
= 2
)
( n =
2 )
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
11
.492
4.
42
.825
4.
42
.589
.7
78
.460
2.
3.94
.5
16
4.17
1.
179
4.17
.2
36
.374
.6
88
3.
3.
92
.574
4.
00
1.06
1 4.
19
.265
.2
28
.796
4.
4.06
.5
33
4.30
.9
90
4.00
.0
00
.216
.8
06
5.
4.
18
.501
4.
50
.707
4.
30
.424
.4
44
.642
6.
4.02
.5
43
4.20
1.
131
4.50
.7
07
.860
.4
24
4.
04
.425
4.
26
.982
4.
26
.370
.5
38
.584
4.4
9
4
4
104
4.5
0
(n
= 3
85)
F Si
g.
( n
= 2
18 )
( n
= 1
62 )
( n
= 3
)
( n =
2 )
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
08
.507
4.
15
.469
4.
61
.536
3.
83
.236
1.
906
.128
2.
3.85
.4
92
4.07
.5
20
4.00
.8
82
3.58
.8
25
5.84
6 .0
01**
3.
3.87
.5
79
4.00
.5
59
3.96
.8
32
3.50
.5
30
1.79
4 .1
48
4.
4.
04
.530
4.
09
.535
4.
33
.577
3.
50
.424
1.
269
.285
5.
4.10
.4
93
4.30
.4
93
4.47
.4
16
4.00
.2
83
5.37
9 .0
01**
6.
4.
03
.541
4.
03
.546
4.
13
1.02
6 3.
50
.141
.6
61
.577
4.
00
.421
4.
11
.425
4.
25
.658
3.
65
.407
2.
844
.038
* *
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.5
0
0.0
5
5
0.0
1
5
5
(Lea
st
Sign
ifica
nt
Diffe
renc
e :
LSD)
4
.51
– 4.
53
105
4.51
4.00 4.11 4.25 3.65
4.00 4.11 4.25 3.65
-0.11* -0.25 -0.15
0.34 0.45 0.60
* 0.05
4.51
0.05
4.52
3.85 4.07 4.00 3.58
3.85 4.07 4.00 3.58
-0.21** -0.15 0.07
0.27 0.48 0.42
** 0.01
4.52
0.01
106
4.53
4.10 4.30 4.47 4.00
4.10 4.30 4.47 4.00
-0.20** -0.36 -0.17
0.10 0.30 0.47
** 0.01
4.53
0.01
107
4
.54
(n
= 3
85)
F Si
g.
/
( n =
6 )
( n
= 4
7 )
/
( n
= 8
6 )
( n
= 3
4 )
( n =
48
)
( n
= 2
1 )
( n =
108
)
( n =
32
)
Hold
ing
Com
pany
( n
= 3
)
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
14
.267
4.
16
.618
4.
16
.515
4.
15
.295
3.
94
.319
4.
37
.417
4.
10
.541
4.
03
.441
3.
56
.192
2.
188
.028
* 2.
4.31
.4
00
3.80
.6
03
4.02
.4
67
4.01
.4
53
3.92
.5
67
4.07
.3
27
3.93
.5
04
3.86
.6
03
3.33
.0
00
1.99
5 .0
46*
3.
4.
00
.000
4.
04
.588
3.
91
.485
4.
08
.510
3.
79
.705
4.
22
.399
3.
87
.600
3.
88
.587
3.
21
.072
2.
375
.017
* 4.
3.93
.2
73
4.03
.6
11
4.01
.5
11
4.18
.3
37
4.03
.4
30
4.49
.3
98
4.01
.6
24
4.14
.3
84
3.20
.0
00
3.40
2 .0
01**
5.
4.00
.3
35
4.35
.5
20
4.11
.4
98
4.37
.4
35
3.90
.5
12
4.39
.4
54
4.21
.4
93
4.20
.4
22
4.20
.0
00
4.21
1 .0
00**
6.
3.
83
.320
4.
14
.630
3.
94
.473
3.
92
.542
4.
05
.482
4.
37
.466
4.
00
.599
4.
10
.521
4.
00
.000
2.
018
.043
*
4.04
.1
51
4.09
.4
76
4.02
.3
86
4.12
.3
50
3.94
.4
25
4.32
.2
43
4.02
.4
72
4.04
.4
47
3.58
.0
28
2.18
1 .0
28*
* 0
.05
**
0.0
1
4.5
4
0.0
5
6
0.0
5
0.0
1
6
(Lea
st S
ignifi
cant
Diff
eren
ce :
LSD)
4.5
5 – 4
.61
108
4.5
5
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.04
4.
09
4.02
4.
12
3.94
4.
32
4.02
4.
04
3.58
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.04
4.
09
4.02
4.
12
3.94
4.
32
4.02
4.
04
3.58
-0
.05
0.01
0.
06
-0.0
8 -0
.03
-0.0
9
0.10
0.
15
0.09
0.
18
-0.2
8 -0
.23*
-0
.29*
* -0
.20
-0.3
8**
0.01
0.
07
0.00
0.
09
-0.0
8 0.
30**
0.00
0.
05
-0.0
1 0.
08
-0.1
0 0.
28*
-0.0
1
0.45
0.
50*
0.44
0.
53*
0.35
0.
73**
0.
44
0.45
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.5
5
(H
oldi
ng C
ompa
ny)
0.0
5,
(H
oldi
ng C
ompa
ny)
0.0
5,
0
.05
(H
oldi
ng C
ompa
ny)
0.0
1
109
4.5
6
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.14
4.
16
4.16
4.
15
3.94
4.
37
4.10
4.
03
3.56
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.14
4.
16
4.16
4.
15
3.94
4.
37
4.10
4.
03
3.56
-0
.02
-0.0
2 0.
00
-0.0
1 0.
01
0.01
0.19
0.
22*
0.21
* 0.
20
-0.2
3 -0
.21
-0.2
1 -0
.22
-0.4
2**
0.03
0.
05
0.05
0.
04
-0.1
6 0.
26*
0.11
0.
13
0.12
0.
12
-0.0
9 0.
33*
0.07
0.58
0.
60*
0.60
* 0.
59*
0.39
0.
81**
0.
55
0.48
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.5
6
(H
oldi
ng
Com
pany
) 0
.05,
(Hol
ding
Com
pany
) 0
.05,
(Hol
ding
Co
mpa
ny)
0.0
5,
0
.05
(Hol
ding
Com
pany
) 0
.01
110
4.5
7
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.31
3.
80
4.02
4.
01
3.92
4.
07
3.93
3.
86
3.33
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.31
3.
80
4.02
4.
01
3.92
4.
07
3.93
3.
86
3.33
0.
51*
0.28
-0
.22*
0.
30
-0.2
1 0.
01
0.39
-0
.12
0.10
0.
09
0.23
-0
.27*
-0
.05
-0.0
6 -0
.15
0.37
-0
.14
0.09
0.
08
-0.0
2 0.
14
0.45
-0
.06
0.16
0.
15
0.06
0.
21
0.07
0.97
**
0.46
0.
69*
0.68
* 0.
58
0.74
* 0.
60*
0.53
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.5
7
0
.05
(H
oldi
ng C
ompa
ny)
0.
01,
(Hol
ding
Co
mpa
ny)
0.0
5,
(H
oldi
ng
Com
pany
) 0
.05,
(H
oldi
ng
Com
pany
)
0.0
5
(H
oldi
ng
Com
pany
)
0.0
5
111
4.5
8
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.00
4.
04
3.91
4.
08
3.79
4.
22
3.87
3.
88
3.21
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.00
4.
04
3.91
4.
08
3.79
4.
22
3.87
3.
88
3.21
-0
.04
0.09
0.
13
-0.0
8 -0
.04
-0.1
7
0.21
0.
25*
0.12
0.
29*
-0.2
2 -0
.18
-0.3
1*
-0.1
4 -0
.43*
*
0.13
0.
17
0.04
0.
21
-0.0
8 0.
35**
0.12
0.
16
0.03
0.
20
0.09
0.
34*
-0.0
1
0.79
* 0.
83*
0.70
* 0.
87*
0.58
1.
01**
0.
66*
0.67
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.5
8
(Hol
ding
Co
mpa
ny)
0
.05,
(H
oldi
ng C
ompa
ny)
0.0
5,
(H
oldi
ng
Com
pany
) 0
.05,
(Hol
ding
Com
pany
) 0
.05,
0.0
5
(Hol
ding
Co
mpa
ny)
0.0
1 (H
oldi
ng C
ompa
ny)
0.0
5
112
4.5
9
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
3.93
4.
03
4.01
4.
18
4.03
4.
49
4.01
4.
14
3.20
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
3.93
4.
03
4.01
4.
18
4.03
4.
49
4.01
4.
14
3.20
-0
.10
-0.0
8 0.
02
-0.2
4 -0
.14
-0.1
7
-0.0
9 0.
01
0.02
0.
15
-0.5
5*
-0.4
5**
-0.4
8**
-0.3
1*
-0.4
6**
-0.0
8 0.
02
-0.0
0 0.
16
0.01
0.
47**
-0.2
1 -0
.11
-0.1
3 0.
03
-0.1
2 0.
34*
-0.1
3
0.73
* 0.
83**
0.
81**
0.
98**
0.
83**
1.
29**
0.
81**
0.
94**
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.5
9
(Hol
ding
Com
pany
) 0
.05,
(Hol
ding
Com
pany
) 0
.01,
(Hol
ding
Co
mpa
ny)
0.0
1,
(H
oldi
ng
Com
pany
) 0
.01,
(Hol
ding
Co
mpa
ny)
0.0
1,
0.0
5
(Hol
ding
Co
mpa
ny)
0.0
1,
(H
oldi
ng
Com
pany
) 0
.01
(Hol
ding
Com
pany
) 0
.01
113
4.6
0
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.00
4.
35
4.11
4.
37
3.90
4.
39
4.21
4.
20
4.20
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.00
4.
35
4.11
4.
37
3.90
4.
39
4.21
4.
20
4.20
-0
.35
-0.1
1 0.
24**
-0
.37
-0.0
2 -0
.26*
*
0.10
0.
45**
0.
21*
0.47
**
-0.3
9 -0
.04
-0.2
8*
-0.0
2 -0
.49*
*
-0.2
1 0.
14
-0.1
0 0.
16
-0.3
1**
0.18
-0.2
0 0.
15
-0.0
9 0.
17
-0.3
0**
0.19
0.
01
-0.2
0 0.
15
-0.0
9 0.
17
0.30
0.
19
0.01
0.
00
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.6
0
0.0
1,
0.0
5,
0
.01,
0
.05
0
.01,
0
.01
0
.01
114
4.6
1
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
3.83
4.
14
3.94
3.
92
4.05
4.
37
4.00
4.
10
4.00
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
3.83
4.
14
3.94
3.
92
4.05
4.
37
4.00
4.
10
4.00
-0
.31
-0.1
0 0.
20*
-0.0
8 0.
22
0.02
-0.2
1 0.
09
-0.1
1 -0
.13
-0.5
4*
-0.2
3 -0
.43*
* -0
.45*
* -0
.33*
-0.1
6 0.
14
-0.0
6 -0
.08
0.05
0.
37**
-0.2
7 0.
04
-0.1
6 -0
.18
-0.0
5 0.
27
-0.1
0
-0.1
7 0.
14
-0.0
6 -0
.08
0.05
0.
37
-0.0
0 0.
10
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.6
1
0
.05,
0.0
5
0
.01
115
4.6
2
(n =
385
)
F
Sig.
6
( n =
204
) 7
– 12
( n =
84
) 13
– 1
8
( n
= 2
7 )
19 –
24
( n =
48
) 25
– 3
0
( n
= 9
) 31
– 3
6
( n
= 1
3 )
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
19
.472
4.
02
.600
4.
13
.520
3.
97
.396
4.
00
.000
4.
01
.220
2.
680
.021
* 2.
3.93
.4
64
3.86
.6
01
4.09
.4
54
3.97
.5
25
4.17
.6
61
4.13
.6
50
1.58
9 .1
62
3.
3.
97
.540
3.
84
.594
3.
91
.643
3.
88
.603
3.
67
.500
4.
22
.658
1.
756
.121
4.
4.13
.4
61
3.96
.6
02
3.98
.7
32
4.05
.5
83
3.80
.3
00
3.91
.4
13
2.19
6 .0
54
5.
4.
18
.445
4.
08
.500
4.
18
.793
4.
43
.499
3.
80
.300
4.
29
.312
4.
430
.001
**
6.
4.
11
.491
3.
97
.610
3.
77
.744
3.
99
.552
3.
82
.291
3.
91
.301
2.
731
.019
*
4.
09
.366
3.
96
.515
4.
01
.575
4.
05
.439
3.
88
.110
4.
08
.396
1.
457
.203
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.6
2
7
0
.05
0.0
1 7
7
116
(Least Significant Difference : LSD)
4.63 – 4.65
4.63
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 –24 25 –30 31 – 36 4.19 4.02 4.13 3.97 4.00 4.01
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 – 24 25 – 30 31 – 36
4.19 4.02 4.13 3.97 4.00 4.01
0.17** 0.06 -0.11
0.22** 0.05 0.16
0.19 0.02 0.13 -0.03
0.18 0.01 0.12 -0.04 -0.01
** 0.01
4.63 6
7 – 12 19 – 24 0.01
4.64
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 –24 25 –30 31 – 36 4.18 4.08 4.18 4.43 3.80 4.29 6
7 – 12 13 – 18 19 – 24 25 – 30 31 – 36
4.18 4.08 4.18 4.43 3.80 4.29
0.10 0.01 -0.09
-0.25** -0.35** -0.26*
0.38* 0.28 0.38* 0.63**
-0.11 -0.21 -0.11 0.14
-0.49*
* 0.05 ** 0.01
117
4.64 6
25 – 30 0.05, 13 – 18 25 – 30
0.05, 19 – 24 13 – 18
0.05 6 , 7 – 12 25 – 30 0.01
31 – 36 25 – 30 0.05
4.65
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 –24 25 –30 31 – 36 4.11 3.97 3.77 3.99 3.82 3.91 6
7 – 12 13 – 18 19 – 24 25 – 30 31 – 36
4.11 3.97 3.77 3.99 3.82 3.91
0.13 0.34** 0.20
0.12 -0.02 -0.22
0.29 0.15 -0.05 0.17
0.20 0.07 -0.14 0.08 -0.09
** 0.01
4.65 6
13 – 18 0.01
118
4.66
(n = 385)
t Sig.
( n = 89 )
( n = 296 )
S.D. S.D. 1. 4.05 .459 4.13 .501 -1.399 .162 2. 3.96 .504 3.94 .522 .352 .725 3. 3.93 .609 3.92 .564 .174 .862 4. 4.05 .511 4.06 .540 -.208 .835 5.
4.24 .480 4.17 .506 1.052 .293
6. 4.02 .551 4.03 .545 -.134 .894
4.04 .430 4.04 .427 -.025 .980
4.66
8 8
119
4
.67
(n
= 3
85)
F
Sig.
10
,000
( n =
6 )
10,0
01-15
,000
( n =
33
) 15
,001
-20,0
00
( n
= 4
7 )
20,0
01-25
,000
( n =
71
) 25
,001
-30,0
00
( n
= 9
6 )
30,0
00
( n
= 1
32 )
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
28
.743
4.
32
.513
4.
31
.565
4.
09
.480
4.
07
.477
4.
02
.436
4.
001
.002
**
2.
3.
58
.456
4.
27
.473
3.
76
.469
3.
89
.447
3.
92
.506
3.
99
.551
5.
090
.000
**
3.
3.
71
.323
4.
33
.508
4.
16
.495
3.
82
.519
3.
77
.558
3.
92
.596
7.
545
.000
**
4.
3.
50
.548
4.
42
.493
4.
10
.534
4.
05
.523
4.
02
.537
4.
02
.506
4.
896
.000
**
5.
4.
17
.916
4.
41
.387
4.
19
.507
4.
30
.421
4.
01
.532
4.
20
.482
4.
799
.000
**
6.
3.
57
.480
4.
31
.400
4.
30
.531
4.
01
.479
3.
91
.591
3.
98
.528
6.
624
.000
**
3.
80
.575
4.
34
.357
4.
14
.370
4.
03
.404
3.
95
.441
4.
02
.423
5.
383
.000
**
**
0.0
1
4
.67
0
.01
9
0
.01
9
(L
east
Sign
ifica
nt D
iffer
ence
: LS
D)
4
.68
– 4.7
4
120
4
.68
10
,000
10,0
01 -
15,0
00
15
,001
- 20
,000
20,0
01 -
25,0
00
25
,001
- 30
,000
30,0
00
3.80
4.
34
4.14
4.
03
3.95
4.
02
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.80
4.
34
4.14
4.
03
3.95
4.
02
-0
.54*
* -0
.34
0.20
* -0
.23
0.31
**
0.11
-0.1
5 0.
39**
0.
19*
0.08
-0.2
2 0.
32**
0.
12
0.01
-0
.07
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.6
8
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
15,
001
– 20
,000
0.0
5
10,
000
, 20
,001
– 2
5,00
0 ,
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
0.0
1
15,
001
– 20
,000
25,
001
– 30
,000
0.0
5
121
4
.69
10
,000
10,0
01 -
15,0
00
15
,001
- 20
,000
20,0
01 -
25,0
00
25
,001
- 30
,000
30,0
00
4.28
4.
32
4.31
4.
09
4.07
4.
02
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
4.28
4.
32
4.31
4.
09
4.07
4.
02
-0
.04
-0.0
3 0.
01
0.19
0.
23*
0.22
*
0.20
0.
24*
0.23
**
0.01
0.26
0.
30**
0.
29**
0.
07
0.05
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.6
9
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
2
0,00
1 –
25,0
00
2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
0
.05
3
0,00
0
0.0
1
15,
001
– 20
,000
20,
001
– 25
,000
0.0
5
2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
3
0,00
0
0.0
1
122
4
.70
10
,000
10,0
01 -
15,0
00
15
,001
- 20
,000
20,0
01 -
25,0
00
25
,001
- 30
,000
30,0
00
3.58
4.
27
3.76
3.
89
3.92
3.
99
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.58
4.
27
3.76
3.
89
3.92
3.
99
-0
.68*
* -0
.17
0.51
**
-0.3
1 0.
37**
-0
.14
-0.3
3 0.
35**
-0
.16
-0.0
2
-0.4
1 0.
28**
-0
.24*
* -0
.10
-0.0
8
**
0.0
1
4
.70
10,
001
– 15
,000
10,
000
, 15
,001
– 2
0,00
0 ,
20,0
01 –
25,
000
, 25
,001
– 3
0,00
0
30,
000
0
.01
3
0,00
0
15,
001
– 20
,000
0.0
1
123
4
.71
10
,000
10,0
01 -
15,0
00
15
,001
- 20
,000
20,0
01 -
25,0
00
25
,001
- 30
,000
30,0
00
3.71
4.
33
4.16
3.
82
3.77
3.
92
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.71
4.
33
4.16
3.
82
3.77
3.
92
-0
.62*
-0
.46
0.16
-0
.11
0.50
**
0.34
**
-0.0
6 0.
56**
0.
40**
0.
06
-0.2
1 0.
41**
0.
25**
-0
.10
-0.1
5*
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.7
1
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
5
20,
001
– 25
,000
,
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
0.0
1,
15,
001
– 20
,000
20,
001
– 25
,000
,
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
0.0
1
30,
000
2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
0
.05
124
4
.72
10
,000
10,0
01 -
15,0
00
15
,001
- 20
,000
20,0
01 -
25,0
00
25
,001
- 30
,000
30,0
00
3.50
4.
42
4.10
4.
05
4.02
4.
02
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.50
4.
42
4.10
4.
05
4.02
4.
02
-0
.92*
* -0
.60*
* 0.
32**
-0
.55*
0.
37**
0.
06
-0.5
2*
0.40
**
0.08
0.
02
-0.5
2*
0.40
**
0.09
0.
03
0.01
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.7
2
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
10,
000
, 15
,001
– 2
0,00
0 ,
20,0
01 –
25
,000
,
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
0.0
1,
15,
001
– 20
,000
10,
000
0
.01,
2
0,00
1 –
25,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
5,
25,
001
– 30
,000
10,
000
0
.05
3
0,00
0
10,
000
0
.05
125
4
.73
10
,000
10,0
01 -
15,0
00
15
,001
- 20
,000
20,0
01 -
25,0
00
25
,001
- 30
,000
30,0
00
4.17
4.
41
4.19
4.
30
4.01
4.
20
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
4.17
4.
41
4.19
4.
30
4.01
4.
20
-0
.25
-0.0
2 0.
22*
-0.1
4 0.
11
-0.1
1
0.16
0.
40**
0.
18*
0.30
**
-0.0
3 0.
22*
-0.0
1 0.
11
-0.1
9**
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.7
3
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
1
5,00
1 –
20,0
00
3
0,00
0
0.0
5
25,
001
– 30
,000
0.
01,
15,
001
– 20
,000
25,
001
– 30
,000
0.0
5,
20,
001
– 25
,000
25,
001
– 30
,000
0.0
1
30,
000
2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
0
.01
126
4
.74
10
,000
10,0
01 -
15,0
00
15
,001
- 20
,000
20,0
01 -
25,0
00
25
,001
- 30
,000
30,0
00
3.57
4.
31
4.30
4.
01
3.91
3.
98
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,0
00
3
0,00
0
3.57
4.
31
4.30
4.
01
3.91
3.
98
-0
.74*
* -0
.74*
* 0.
01
-0.4
4*
0.30
**
0.29
**
-0.3
4 0.
40**
0.
39**
0.
10
-0.4
1 0.
33**
0.
33**
0.
03
-0.0
7
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.7
4
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
1
0,00
0 , 2
0,00
1 –
25,0
00
, 25,
001
– 30
,000
30,
000
0
.01,
1
5,00
1 –
20,0
00
1
0,00
0 , 2
0,00
1 –
25,0
00
, 25,
001
– 30
,000
30,
000
0
.01
2
0,00
1 –
25,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
5
127
4.7
5
(n =
385
)
F
Sig.
1
0
( n
= 1
82 )
11 –
40
( n =
155
) 41
– 7
0
( n
= 3
2 )
71 –
100
( n =
11
) 1
00
( n
= 5
)
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
17
.538
4.
03
.419
4.
21
.564
4.
02
.139
4.
30
.628
2.
389
.051
2.
4.02
.5
02
3.89
.5
29
3.86
.5
26
3.76
.3
36
3.83
.7
26
2.13
1 .0
76
3.
3.
99
.567
3.
84
.564
4.
00
.642
3.
70
.416
4.
23
.652
2.
284
.060
4.
4.09
.5
83
4.02
.4
51
4.12
.6
07
3.95
.2
54
3.92
.8
90
.725
.5
75
5.
4.
26
.539
4.
09
.423
4.
33
.534
4.
11
.187
3.
92
.934
3.
486
.008
**
6.
4.
04
.554
4.
01
.542
4.
16
.525
3.
75
.370
4.
00
.707
1.
238
.294
4.
09
.464
3.
98
.373
4.
11
.424
3.
88
.252
4.
03
.710
2.
151
.074
**
0
.01
4.7
5
/
1
0
0
.01
1
0
1
0
128
(Least Significant Difference : LSD)
4.76
4.76
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100 100 4.26 4.09 4.33 4.11 3.92
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100
100
4.26 4.09 4.33 4.11 3.92
0.17**
-0.08 -0.24*
0.15 -0.02 0.22
0.34 0.17 0.41 0.19
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.76 /
10
/ 11 – 40 0.01 / 41 – 70 / 11 – 40
0.05 /
4.33 – 4.76
4.77
129
4
.77
1.
**
**
2.
**
*
**
**
**
**
**
3.
*
**
**
**
* **
4.
5.
**
**
*
6.
* *
* **
**
*
* 7.
*
**
*
8.
9.
**
**
**
**
**
**
**
10.
/
**
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
130
4.77
- 1
0.01
1 1
- 0.01
2
0.01
0.05 2
- 0.01
3
0.05 0.01
3 3
- 4
4
- 0.05
5
0.01 5 5
131
-
0.05 6
0.05
0.01 6
-
7 0.05
0.01 7 7
- 8
8
- 0.01
9 0.01 9
- /
10 0.01
10 10
4.4.2
/ 4.78 – 4.124
132
1 :
2 :
3 :
4 :
5 :
6 :
7 :
8 :
9 :
10 : /
133
4.78
(n = 385)
t Sig.
( n = 125 )
( n = 260 )
S.D. S.D.
1. 4.43 .576 4.45 .544 -.406 .685 2. 4.26 .623 4.20 .615 .895 .371 3. 4.33 .619 4.32 .558 .120 .905 4. 4.43 .600 4.49 .528 -.940 .348 5. 4.21 .599 4.34 .546 -2.025 .044* 6. 4.24 .653 4.36 .613 -1.668 .096 7. 4.36 .665 4.56 .538 -2.933 .004** 8. 4.35 .580 4.34 .573 .197 .844 9.
4.29 .564 4.30 .570 -.217 .828
10.
4.19 .536 4.34 .573 -2.423 .016*
4.31 .503 4.37 .470 -1.147 .252 * 0.05 ** 0.01
4.78
1 0.05
0.01 1
1
134
4.7
9
(n
= 3
85)
F
Sig.
21
– 2
8
( n
= 7
5 )
29 –
36
( n =
122
) 37
– 4
4
( n
= 9
5 )
45 –
52
( n =
61
) 53
– 6
0
( n
= 3
2 )
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
59
.490
4.
52
.516
4.
26
.660
4.
38
.438
4.
52
.548
5.
086
.001
**
2.
4.
39
.532
4.
26
.654
4.
04
.628
4.
21
.599
4.
25
.549
3.
757
.005
**
3.
4.
42
.466
4.
37
.519
4.
17
.703
4.
27
.573
4.
48
.546
3.
087
.016
* 4.
4.62
.4
56
4.51
.5
09
4.31
.5
97
4.45
.5
71
4.48
.6
39
3.87
0 .0
04**
5.
4.
40
.510
4.
41
.511
4.
15
.624
4.
17
.602
4.
27
.529
4.
279
.002
**
6.
4.
37
.661
4.
42
.573
4.
13
.713
4.
32
.552
4.
38
.512
3.
318
.011
* 7.
4.64
.4
04
4.59
.5
14
4.27
.7
62
4.45
.5
71
4.59
.4
77
6.15
4 .0
00**
8.
4.54
.5
13
4.39
.5
02
4.23
.5
90
4.16
.6
85
4.44
.5
45
5.33
1 .0
00**
9.
4.
47
.509
4.
32
.516
4.
15
.646
4.
28
.626
4.
33
.406
3.
562
.007
**
10.
4.54
.3
94
4.34
.4
83
4.13
.6
60
4.18
.6
65
4.24
.4
77
6.93
3 .0
00**
4.
50
.390
4.
41
.427
4.
18
.569
4.
29
.491
4.
40
.430
5.
777
.000
**
* 0
.05
**
0.0
1
4.7
9
0.0
1
2
0.0
5
0.0
1
2
135
(Least Significant Difference : LSD)
4.80 – 4.90
4.80
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.50 4.41 4.18 4.29 4.40
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.50 4.41 4.18 4.29 4.40
0.08
0.32** 0.23**
0.21** 0.13 -0.10
0.10 0.02
-0.22* -0.11
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.80 21 – 28 37 – 44
45 – 52 0.01, 29 – 36 37 – 44 0.01
53 – 60 37 – 44 0.05
4.81
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.59 4.52 4.26 4.38 4.52
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.59 4.52 4.26 4.38 4.52
0.07
0.33** 0.26**
0.20* 0.14 -0.13
0.07 -0.00 -0.26* -0.14
* 0.05 ** 0.01
136
4.81 21 – 28
37 – 44 0.01 45 – 52 0.05, 29 – 36
37 – 44 0.01 53 – 60 37 – 44 0.05
4.82
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.39 4.26 4.04 4.21 4.25
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.39 4.26 4.04 4.21 4.25
0.13
0.35** 0.22**
0.18 0.05 -0.17
0.14 0.01 -0.21 -0.04
** 0.01
4.82 21 – 28
37 – 44 0.01 29 – 36 37 – 44 0.01
137
4.83
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.42 4.37 4.17 4.27 4.48
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.42 4.37 4.17 4.27 4.48
0.05
0.24** 0.20*
0.15 0.10 -0.10
-0.07 -0.11
-0.31** -0.21
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.83 21 – 28
37 – 44 0.01, 29 – 36 37 – 44 0.05
53 – 60 37 – 44 0.01
4.84
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.62 4.51 4.31 4.45 4.48
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.62 4.51 4.31 4.45 4.48
0.11
0.32** 0.21**
0.17 0.07 -0.14
0.14 0.03 -0.17 -0.03
** 0.01
4.84 21 – 28
37 – 44 0.01 29 – 36 37 – 44 0.01
138
4.85
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.40 4.41 4.15 4.17 4.27
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.40 4.41 4.15 4.17 4.27
-0.01
0.25** 0.26**
0.22* 0.24** -0.02
0.13 0.14 -0.12 -0.10
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.85 21 – 28
37 – 44 0.01 45 – 52 0.05, 29 – 36
37 – 44 45 – 52 0.01
4.86
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.37 4.42 4.13 4.32 4.38
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.37 4.42 4.13 4.32 4.38
-0.05
0.24* 0.30**
0.05 0.10 -0.19
-0.01 0.04
-0.25* -0.06
* 0.05 ** 0.01
139
4.86 21 – 28
37 – 44 0.05, 29 – 36 37 – 44 0.01
53 – 60 37 – 44 0.05
4.87
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.64 4.59 4.27 4.45 4.59
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.64 4.59 4.27 4.45 4.59
0.06
0.38** 0.32**
0.20* 0.14 -0.18
0.05 -0.01
-0.33** -0.15
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.87 21 – 28
37 – 44 0.01 45 – 52 0.05, 29 – 36
37 – 44 0.01 53 – 60 37 – 44 0.01
140
4.88
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.54 4.39 4.23 4.16 4.44
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.54 4.39 4.23 4.16 4.44
0.16
0.31** 0.15*
0.38** 0.23** 0.07
0.10 -0.05 -0.21 -0.28*
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.88 21 – 28
37 – 44 45 – 52 0.01, 29 – 36 37 – 44
0.05 45 – 52 0.01 53 – 60 45 – 52
0.05
4.89
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.47 4.32 4.15 4.28 4.33
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.47 4.32 4.15 4.28 4.33
0.14
0.32** 0.18*
0.19 0.04 -0.13
0.14 -0.00 -0.18 -0.05
* 0.05 ** 0.01
141
4.89 21 – 28
37 – 44 0.01 29 – 36
37 – 44 0.05
4.90
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60 4.54 4.34 4.13 4.18 4.24
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.54 4.34 4.13 4.18 4.24
0.20*
0.41** 0.21**
0.36** 0.16 -0.05
0.31** 0.10 -0.11 -0.06
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.90 21 – 28
29 – 36 0.05 37 – 44 , 45 – 52 53 – 60
0.01 29 – 36 37 – 44 0.01
142
4
.91
(n =
385
)
F Si
g.
( n
= 6
)
( n =
257
)
( n =
122
)
S.D.
S.D.
S.D.
1.
4.
22
.502
4.
49
.542
4.
37
.575
2.
419
.090
2.
4.00
.6
67
4.25
.6
31
4.19
.5
88
.746
.4
75
3.
4.
11
.697
4.
35
.600
4.
29
.523
.8
32
.436
4.
4.00
.8
94
4.51
.5
25
4.40
.5
77
3.84
8 .0
22*
5.
3.79
.7
55
4.32
.5
69
4.28
.5
42
2.68
2 .0
70
6.
3.
88
.771
4.
31
.658
4.
37
.546
1.
971
.141
7.
4.00
.8
94
4.54
.5
55
4.43
.6
29
3.64
4 .0
27*
8.
3.
72
.712
4.
39
.579
4.
30
.541
4.
705
.010
**
9.
4.07
.6
41
4.34
.5
60
4.22
.5
72
2.60
0 .0
76
10.
3.98
.6
91
4.31
.5
70
4.28
.5
49
1.06
6 .3
46
3.
98
.696
4.
38
.482
4.
31
.462
2.
684
.070
* 0
.05
**
0
.01
4.9
1
3
0
.05
0.0
1
3
3
143
(Least Significant Difference : LSD)
4.92 – 4.94
4.92
4.00 4.51 4.40
4.00 4.51 4.40
-0.51* -0.40 0.11
* 0.05
4.92
0.05
4.93
4.00 4.54 4.43
4.00 4.54 4.43
-0.54* -0.43 0.11
* 0.05
4.93
0.05
144
4.94
3.72 4.39 4.30
3.72 4.39 4.30
-0.66** -0.57* 0.09
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.94
0.01
0.05
145
4
.95
(n =
385
)
F Si
g.
( n
= 3
81 )
( n
= 2
)
( n =
2 )
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
45
.554
4.
50
.707
4.
50
.707
.0
19
.981
2.
4.22
.6
15
4.00
1.
414
4.50
.7
07
.331
.7
19
3.
4.
32
.578
4.
58
.589
4.
50
.707
.2
96
.744
4.
4.47
.5
53
4.50
.7
07
4.50
.7
07
.006
.9
94
5.
4.29
.5
67
4.57
.6
06
4.50
.7
07
.371
.6
90
6.
4.
32
.628
4.
38
.884
4.
50
.707
.0
89
.915
7.
4.50
.5
91
4.83
.2
36
4.50
.7
07
.325
.7
23
8.
4.
34
.575
4.
50
.707
4.
50
.707
.1
44
.866
9.
4.
30
.568
4.
80
.283
4.
50
.707
.9
07
.405
10
.
4.
29
.566
4.
57
.606
4.
50
.707
.3
79
.685
4.
35
.481
4.
52
.674
4.
50
.707
.2
23
.800
4
.95
4
4
146
4
.96
(n =
385
)
F Si
g.
( n
= 2
18 )
( n
= 1
62 )
( n
= 3
)
( n =
2 )
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
40
.576
4.
51
.516
4.
56
.509
3.
67
.000
2.
541
.056
2.
4.19
.6
10
4.28
.6
19
4.11
1.
018
3.50
.2
36
1.68
0 .1
71
3.
4.
27
.569
4.
41
.570
4.
28
1.11
0 3.
67
.471
2.
882
.036
* 4.
4.46
.5
37
4.50
.5
66
4.67
.5
77
3.50
.2
36
2.39
9 .0
68
5.
4.27
.5
76
4.34
.5
43
4.29
1.
116
3.71
.2
02
1.14
0 .3
33
6.
4.
33
.652
4.
32
.590
4.
33
1.15
5 4.
00
.354
.1
79
.911
7.
4.49
.5
88
4.51
.5
85
4.33
1.
155
4.33
.4
71
.172
.9
15
8.
4.
38
.577
4.
31
.562
4.
33
1.15
5 3.
83
.236
1.
003
.392
9.
4.
28
.583
4.
33
.540
4.
33
1.15
5 4.
10
.141
.4
13
.744
10.
4.28
.5
62
4.32
.5
62
4.33
1.
155
3.79
.3
03
.674
.5
68
4.
33
.475
4.
38
.480
4.
36
1.00
4 3.
81
.001
1.
176
.319
*
0.0
5
4.9
6
5
0.
05
5
5
147
(Least Significant Difference : LSD)
4.97
4.97
4.27 4.41 4.28 3.67
4.27 4.41 4.28 3.67
-0.15* -0.01 0.13
0.60 0.74 0.61
* 0.05
4.97
0.05
148
4
.98
(n =
385
)
F Si
g.
( n
= 6
)
( n
= 4
7 )
( n
= 8
6 )
( n
= 3
4 )
( n =
48
)
( n
= 2
1 )
( n =
108
)
( n =
32
)
Hold
ing
Com
pany
( n
= 3
)
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
33
.516
4.
52
.490
4.
52
.538
4.
25
.479
4.
31
.724
4.
43
.692
4.
49
.518
4.
42
.471
4.
67
.000
1.
392
.198
2.
4.11
.2
72
4.13
.7
04
4.18
.6
13
4.03
.6
43
4.35
.6
32
4.52
.4
78
4.31
.5
82
4.04
.6
09
4.00
.0
00
2.19
2 .0
27*
3.
4.
11
.202
4.
34
.588
4.
23
.566
4.
20
.618
4.
33
.642
4.
48
.587
4.
35
.590
4.
51
.419
4.
33
.000
1.
207
.293
4.
4.17
.2
79
4.67
.5
82
4.40
.4
94
4.29
.5
79
4.37
.6
99
4.76
.3
96
4.47
.5
20
4.54
.4
77
5.00
.0
00
3.08
0 .0
02**
5.
4.
05
.117
4.
49
.626
4.
26
.514
4.
24
.657
4.
13
.644
4.
35
.340
4.
30
.582
4.
40
.426
4.
71
.000
1.
805
.075
6.
4.04
.1
02
4.44
.7
70
4.24
.5
88
4.30
.6
21
4.31
.5
77
4.57
.5
25
4.31
.6
81
4.32
.5
01
4.50
.0
00
1.02
5 .4
17
7.
4.
11
.272
4.
59
.599
4.
45
.603
4.
32
.622
4.
36
.768
4.
57
.507
4.
53
.522
4.
74
.386
5.
00
.000
2.
308
.020
* 8.
3.67
.4
22
4.50
.6
21
4.38
.5
23
4.00
.5
69
4.33
.6
23
4.48
.4
02
4.35
.5
94
4.44
.4
35
4.67
.0
00
3.60
3 .0
00**
9.
4.
03
.082
4.
55
.548
4.
21
.512
4.
18
.556
4.
30
.661
4.
19
.691
4.
27
.574
4.
45
.403
5.
00
.000
2.
822
.005
**
10.
4.05
.1
17
4.40
.5
76
4.24
.5
01
4.21
.5
65
4.24
.6
01
4.57
.2
21
4.26
.6
25
4.38
.5
88
5.00
.0
00
2.01
8 .0
43*
4.
07
.212
4.
46
.525
4.
31
.449
4.
20
.520
4.
30
.581
4.
49
.302
4.
36
.489
4.
42
.344
4.
69
.000
1.
652
.109
* 0
.05
**
0
.01
4.9
8
6
0
.05
0.01
6
6
149
(L
east
Si
gnifi
cant
Di
ffere
nce
: LS
D)
4.9
9 – 4
.104
4.9
9
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.11
4.
13
4.18
4.
03
4.35
4.
52
4.31
4.
04
4.00
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.11
4.
13
4.18
4.
03
4.35
4.
52
4.31
4.
04
4.00
-0
.02
-0.0
7 -0
.05
0.08
0.
11
0.15
-0.2
4 -0
.22
-0.1
7 -0
.32*
-0.4
1 -0
.39*
-0
.34*
-0
.49*
* -0
.17
-0.1
9 -0
.17
-0.1
2 -0
.28*
0.
05
0.22
0.07
0.
09
0.14
-0
.01
0.31
* 0.
48**
0.
26*
0.11
0.
13
0.18
0.
03
0.35
0.
52
0.31
0.
04
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.9
9
0.0
5,
0
.05
0
.01
0.0
5
150
4
.100
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.17
4.
67
4.40
4.
29
4.37
4.
76
4.47
4.
54
5.00
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.17
4.
67
4.40
4.
29
4.37
4.
76
4.47
4.
54
5.00
-0
.50*
-0
.23
0.27
**
-0.1
3 0.
37**
0.
10
-0.2
0 0.
30**
0.
03
-0.0
7
-0.6
0*
-0.1
0 -0
.37*
* -0
.47*
* -0
.39*
*
-0.3
0 0.
20*
-0.0
7 -0
.18
-0.1
0 0.
29*
-0.3
8 0.
13
-0.1
5 -0
.25
-0.1
7 0.
22
-0.0
7
-0.8
3*
-0.3
3 -0
.60
-0.7
1*
-0.6
3 -0
.24
-0.5
3 -0
.46
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.1
00
0.0
5
0
.01,
0.0
5
0
.01
(Hol
ding
Com
pany
)
0
.05
151
4
.101
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.11
4.
59
4.45
4.
32
4.36
4.
57
4.53
4.
74
5.00
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.11
4.
59
4.45
4.
32
4.36
4.
57
4.53
4.
74
5.00
-0
.48
-0.3
4 0.
14
-0.2
1 0.
27*
0.13
-0.2
5 0.
23
0.09
-0
.04
-0.4
6 0.
02
-0.1
2 -0
.25
-0.2
1
-0.4
2 0.
06
-0.0
8 -0
.21
-0.1
7 0.
04
-0.6
3*
-0.1
5 -0
.29*
-0
.42*
* -0
.38*
* -0
.17
-0.2
1
-0.8
9*
-0.4
1 -0
.55
-0.6
8 -0
.64
-0.4
3 -0
.47
-0.2
6
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.1
01
0
.05,
0.0
5
0.0
1
(Hol
ding
Com
pany
)
0.0
5
152
4.1
02
/
/
Ho
ldin
g Co
mpa
ny
3.67
4.
50
4.38
4.
00
4.33
4.
48
4.35
4.
44
4.67
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
3.67
4.
50
4.38
4.
00
4.33
4.
48
4.35
4.
44
4.67
-0
.84*
* -0
.71*
* 0.
13
-0.3
3 0.
50**
0.
38**
-0.6
7**
0.17
0.
04
-0.3
3**
-0.8
1**
0.03
-0
.10
-0.4
8**
-0.1
4
-0.6
8**
0.16
0.
03
-0.3
5**
-0.0
1 0.
13
-0.7
7**
0.07
-0
.06
-0.4
4**
-0.1
0 0.
04
-0.0
9
-1.0
0*
-0.1
6 -0
.29
-0.6
7*
-0.3
3 -0
.19
-0.3
2 -0
.23
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.1
02
0.0
1,
0
.01,
0.0
1,
0
.01,
0.0
1,
0
.01
(
Hold
ing
Com
pany
)
0.05
153
4
.103
/
/
Ho
ldin
g Co
mpa
ny
4.03
4.
55
4.21
4.
18
4.30
4.
19
4.27
4.
45
5.00
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.03
4.
55
4.21
4.
18
4.30
4.
19
4.27
4.
45
5.00
-0
.52*
-0
.18
0.34
**
-0.1
5 0.
37**
0.
03
-0.2
7 0.
25*
-0.0
9 -0
.12
-0.1
6 0.
36*
0.02
-0
.01
0.11
-0.2
4 0.
28**
-0
.06
-0.0
9 0.
03
-0.0
8
-0.4
2 0.
10
-0.2
4*
-0.2
7 -0
.15
-0.2
6 -0
.18
-0.9
7*
-0.4
5 -0
.79*
-0
.82*
-0
.70*
-0
.81*
-0
.73*
-0
.55
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.1
03
0.0
5
0
.01,
0
.05
(H
oldi
ng
Com
pany
)
0.05
154
4
.104
/
/
Ho
ldin
g Co
mpa
ny
4.05
4.
40
4.24
4.
21
4.24
4.
57
4.26
4.
38
5.00
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.05
4.
40
4.24
4.
21
4.24
4.
57
4.26
4.
38
5.00
-0
.35
-0.1
9 0.
16
-0.1
6 0.
20
0.03
-0.1
9 0.
16
0.00
-0
.03
-0.5
2*
-0.1
7 -0
.33*
-0
.37*
-0
.33*
-0.2
1 0.
14
-0.0
2 -0
.05
-0.0
2 0.
31*
-0.3
3 0.
03
-0.1
4 -0
.17
-0.1
4 0.
20
-0.1
2
-0.9
5*
-0.6
0 -0
.76*
-0
.79*
-0
.76*
-0
.43
-0.7
4*
-0.6
3
*
0.0
5
4.1
04
0
.05
(Hol
ding
Co
mpa
ny)
0
.05
155
4.1
05
(n =
385
)
F
Sig.
6
( n =
204
) 7
– 12
( n =
84
) 13
– 1
8
( n
= 2
7 )
19 –
24
( n =
48
) 25
– 3
0
( n
= 9
) 31
– 3
6
( n
= 1
3 )
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
43
.589
4.
54
.477
4.
33
.660
4.
48
.481
4.
33
.500
4.
36
.499
.8
87
.490
2.
4.23
.5
95
4.19
.6
49
4.33
.6
60
4.23
.7
12
4.33
.5
00
4.08
.3
64
.421
.8
34
3.
4.
34
.530
4.
28
.532
4.
09
.942
4.
45
.570
4.
33
.500
4.
35
.636
1.
461
.202
4.
4.46
.5
40
4.44
.6
28
4.46
.4
99
4.65
.4
68
4.33
.5
00
4.33
.5
93
1.32
1 .2
54
5.
4.36
.5
21
4.10
.5
60
4.24
.7
61
4.43
.5
94
4.33
.5
00
4.23
.5
04
3.32
8 .0
06**
6.
4.37
.6
16
4.14
.5
82
4.20
.7
78
4.49
.6
71
4.33
.5
00
4.29
.4
19
2.58
8 .0
26*
7.
4.
52
.552
4.
41
.683
4.
31
.756
4.
65
.468
4.
33
.500
4.
69
.419
2.
053
.071
8.
4.36
.5
48
4.29
.5
98
4.17
.8
29
4.48
.4
76
4.22
.6
01
4.38
.4
48
1.31
0 .2
59
9.
4.32
.5
70
4.28
.5
09
4.02
.8
98
4.42
.4
55
4.33
.5
00
4.26
.2
22
1.82
0 .1
08
10.
4.37
.4
95
4.18
.5
35
4.01
1.
029
4.46
.5
03
4.00
.0
00
4.10
.4
68
4.63
8 .0
00**
4.
37
.455
4.
28
.480
4.
22
.698
4.
47
.465
4.
29
.459
4.
31
.353
1.
530
.179
* 0
.05
**
0
.01
4.1
05
7
0
.05
0.0
1
7
7
156
(Least Significant Difference : LSD)
4.106 – 4.108
4.106
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 –24 25 –30 31 – 36 4.36 4.10 4.24 4.43 4.33 4.23
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 – 24 25 – 30 31 – 36
4.36 4.10 4.24 4.43 4.33 4.23
0.26** 0.12 -0.14
-0.08 -0.34** -0.20
0.02 -0.24 -0.10 0.10
0.12 -0.14 0.01 0.20 0.10
** 0.01
4.106 6
7 – 12 0.01 19 – 24
7 – 12 0.01
4.107
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 –24 25 –30 31 – 36 4.37 4.14 4.20 4.49 4.33 4.29
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 – 24 25 – 30 31 – 36
4.37 4.14 4.20 4.49 4.33 4.29
0.23** 0.17 -0.06
-0.12 -0.35** -0.29
0.04 -0.19 -0.13 0.16
0.08 -0.15 0.08 0.21 0.04
** 0.01
157
4.107 6
7 – 12 0.01 19 – 24
7 – 12 0.01
4.108
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 –24 25 –30 31 – 36 4.37 4.18 4.01 4.46 4.00 4.10
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 – 24 25 – 30 31 – 36
4.37 4.18 4.01 4.46 4.00 4.10
0.19** 0.36** 0.17
-0.09 -0.28** -0.45**
0.37 0.18 0.01 0.46*
0.27 0.08 -0.09 0.36* -0.10
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.108 6
7 – 12 13 – 18 0.01,
19 – 24 7 – 12 13 – 18 0.01
25 – 30 31 – 36 0.05
158
4.109
(n = 385)
t Sig.
( n = 89 )
( n = 296 )
S.D. S.D.
1. 4.46 .567 4.44 .551 .287 .774 2. 4.22 .607 4.23 .621 -.107 .915 3. 4.36 .586 4.31 .576 .727 .468 4. 4.48 .566 4.47 .549 .180 .857 5. 4.31 .588 4.29 .560 .274 .784 6. 4.38 .600 4.30 .636 1.050 .294 7. 4.50 .601 4.50 .587 .074 .941 8. 4.32 .620 4.35 .561 -.453 .651 9.
4.33 .610 4.29 .555 .655 .513
10.
4.28 .622 4.30 .548 -.294 .769
4.36 .506 4.35 .475 .294 .769
4.109
8
8
159
4.1
10
(n =
385
)
F
Sig.
10
,000
( n =
6 )
10,0
01-15
,000
( n =
33
) 15
,001
-20,0
00
( n
= 4
7 )
20,0
01-25
,000
( n =
71
) 25
,001
-30,0
00
( n
= 9
6 )
30,0
00
( n
= 1
32 )
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
00
.000
4.
63
.447
4.
39
.517
4.
61
.519
4.
38
.600
4.
40
.559
3.
371
.005
**
2.
3.
94
.251
4.
44
.446
4.
11
.660
4.
33
.616
4.
24
.655
4.
15
.606
2.
255
.048
* 3.
3.75
.2
74
4.54
.3
91
4.31
.6
09
4.43
.4
38
4.24
.6
75
4.30
.5
80
3.12
3 .0
09**
4.
4.33
.7
30
4.68
.4
12
4.48
.6
05
4.56
.4
46
4.39
.6
02
4.43
.5
58
1.97
7 .0
81
5.
3.64
.3
91
4.46
.5
09
4.27
.6
21
4.52
.3
90
4.10
.6
24
4.31
.5
38
7.23
9 .0
00**
6.
3.00
.0
00
4.52
.5
57
4.23
.6
44
4.53
.5
17
4.19
.6
86
4.35
.5
64
9.64
3 .0
00**
7.
4.50
.5
48
4.63
.4
31
4.51
.5
85
4.65
.4
36
4.40
.7
11
4.45
.5
90
1.93
9 .0
87
8.
3.
83
.183
4.
54
.552
4.
35
.642
4.
53
.456
4.
19
.636
4.
34
.533
4.
841
.000
**
9.
4.00
.2
19
4.44
.3
76
4.44
.5
82
4.45
.5
04
4.10
.6
44
4.30
.5
43
4.91
1 .0
00**
10.
3.79
.2
35
4.59
.3
83
4.39
.5
21
4.45
.4
40
4.15
.6
92
4.23
.5
32
6.08
8 .0
00**
3.
88
.265
4.
55
.367
4.
35
.525
4.
51
.361
4.
24
.548
4.
33
.466
5.
092
.000
**
* 0
.05
**
0.0
1
4.1
10
0
.01
9
0.0
5
0.0
1
9
9
160
(L
east
Sign
ifica
nt D
iffer
ence
: LS
D)
4
.111
– 4.
119
4.1
11
10
,000
10,0
01 -
15,0
00
15
,001
- 20
,000
20,0
01 -
25,0
00
25
,001
- 30
,000
30,0
00
3.88
4.
55
4.35
4.
51
4.24
4.
33
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.88
4.
55
4.35
4.
51
4.24
4.
33
-0
.67*
* -0
.47*
0.
20
-0.6
3**
0.04
-0
.16
-0.3
6 0.
31**
0.
11
0.27
**
-0.4
5*
0.22
* 0.
02
0.18
**
-0.0
9
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.1
11
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
10,
000
2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
0
.01
3
0,00
0
0.0
5,
15,
001
– 20
,000
10,
000
0
.05,
2
0,00
1 –
25,0
00
1
0,00
0 ,
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
0.0
1
3
0,00
0
10,
000
0
.05
161
4
.112
10,0
00
10
,001
- 15
,000
15,0
01 -
20,0
00
20
,001
- 25
,000
25,0
01 -
30,0
00
30
,000
4.00
4.
63
4.39
4.
61
4.38
4.
40
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
4.00
4.
63
4.39
4.
61
4.38
4.
40
-0
.63*
* -0
.39
0.24
-0
.61*
* 0.
02
-0.2
2*
-0.3
8 0.
24*
0.01
0.
23**
-0.4
0 0.
23*
-0.0
1 0.
21**
-0
.02
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.1
12
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
1 2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
3
0,00
0
0.0
5,
20,
001
– 25
,000
10,
000
, 25
,001
– 3
0,00
0
30,
000
0
.01
1
5,00
1 –
20,0
00
0
.05
162
4
.113
10,0
00
10
,001
- 15
,000
15,0
01 -
20,0
00
20
,001
- 25
,000
25,0
01 -
30,0
00
30
,000
3.94
4.
44
4.11
4.
33
4.24
4.
15
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.94
4.
44
4.11
4.
33
4.24
4.
15
-0
.50
-0.1
6 0.
34*
-0.3
8 0.
11
-0.2
2
-0.3
0 0.
20
-0.1
4 0.
09
-0.2
1 0.
29*
-0.0
5 0.
18
0.09
*
0.0
5
4.1
13
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
1
5,00
1 –
20,0
00
3
0,00
0
0.
05
163
4
.114
10,0
00
10
,001
- 15
,000
15,0
01 -
20,0
00
20
,001
- 25
,000
25,0
01 -
30,0
00
30
,000
3.75
4.
54
4.31
4.
43
4.24
4.
30
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.75
4.
54
4.31
4.
43
4.24
4.
30
-0
.79*
* -0
.56*
0.
23
-0.6
8**
0.10
-0
.13
-0.4
9*
0.30
* 0.
06
0.19
*
-0.5
5*
0.24
* 0.
01
0.13
-0
.06
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.1
14
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
1 2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
3
0,00
0
0.0
5,
15,
001
– 20
,000
10,
000
0
.05,
2
0,00
1 –
25,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
1 2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
0
.05
2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
10,0
00
0
.05
3
0,00
0
10,
000
0
.05
164
4
.115
10
,000
10,0
01 -
15,0
00
15
,001
- 20
,000
20,0
01 -
25,0
00
25
,001
- 30
,000
30,0
00
3.64
4.
46
4.27
4.
52
4.10
4.
31
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.64
4.
46
4.27
4.
52
4.10
4.
31
-0
.82*
* -0
.63*
* 0.
19
-0.8
8**
-0.0
6 -0
.25*
-0.4
6*
0.36
**
0.17
0.
42**
-0.6
7**
0.15
-0
.04
0.21
**
-0.2
0**
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.1
15
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
10,
000
2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
0
.01,
1
5,00
1 –
20,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
1,
20,
001
– 25
,000
15,
001
– 20
,000
0.0
5
10,
000
, 25
,001
– 3
0,00
0
30,
000
0
.01,
2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
5
30,
000
1
0,00
0
25,
001
– 30
,000
0.0
1
165
4
.116
10,0
00
10
,001
- 15
,000
15,0
01 -
20,0
00
20
,001
- 25
,000
25,0
01 -
30,0
00
30
,000
3.00
4.
52
4.23
4.
53
4.19
4.
35
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.00
4.
52
4.23
4.
53
4.19
4.
35
-1
.52*
* -1
.23*
* 0.
29*
-1.5
3**
-0.0
1 -0
.30*
*
-1.1
9**
0.34
**
0.04
0.
34**
-1.3
5**
0.17
-0
.12
0.18
* -0
.16*
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.1
16
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
1
0,00
0
25,
001
– 30
,000
0.0
1 1
5,00
1 –
20,0
00
0
.05,
1
5,00
1 –
20,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
1,
20,
001
– 25
,000
1
0,00
0 ,
15,0
01 –
20,
000
2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
0
.01
30,0
00
0
.05,
2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
1,
30,
000
1
0,00
0
0.0
1
25,
001
– 30
,000
0.0
5
166
4
.117
10,0
00
10
,001
- 15
,000
15,0
01 -
20,0
00
20
,001
- 25
,000
25,0
01 -
30,0
00
30
,000
3.83
4.
54
4.35
4.
53
4.19
4.
34
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.83
4.
54
4.35
4.
53
4.19
4.
34
-0
.70*
* -0
.52*
0.
18
-0.7
0**
0.00
-0
.18
-0.3
5 0.
35**
0.
17
0.34
**
-0.5
0*
0.20
0.
02
0.19
* -0
.15*
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.1
17
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
1
0,00
0
25,
001
– 30
,000
0.0
1,
15,
001
– 20
,000
10,
000
0
.05,
2
0,00
1 –
25,0
00
3
0,00
0
0.0
5
10,
000
2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
0
.01,
30,
000
1
0,00
0
25,
001
– 30
,000
0.0
5
167
4
.118
10
,000
10,0
01 -
15,0
00
15
,001
- 20
,000
20,0
01 -
25,0
00
25
,001
- 30
,000
30,0
00
4.00
4.
44
4.44
4.
45
4.10
4.
30
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
4.00
4.
44
4.44
4.
45
4.10
4.
30
-0
.44
-0.4
4 -0
.00
-0.4
5 -0
.01
-0.0
1
-0.1
0 0.
34**
0.
34**
0.
35**
-0.3
0 0.
14
0.14
0.
15
-0.2
0**
**
0.0
1
4.1
18
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
25 ,
001
– 30
,000
0.0
1,
15,
001
– 20
,000
25,
001
–
30,0
00
0
.01,
2
0,00
1 –
25,0
00
25,0
01 –
30,
000
0
.01
3
0,00
0
25,
001
– 30
,000
0.0
1
168
4
.119
10
,000
10,0
01 -
15,0
00
15
,001
- 20
,000
20,0
01 -
25,0
00
25
,001
- 30
,000
30,0
00
3.79
4.
59
4.39
4.
45
4.15
4.
23
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.79
4.
59
4.39
4.
45
4.15
4.
23
-0
.80*
* -0
.60*
0.
20
-0.6
6**
0.14
-0
.06
-0.3
6 0.
44**
0.
24*
0.30
**
-0.4
5 0.
36**
0.
15
0.22
**
-0.0
9
* 0
.05
**
0.0
1
4.1
19
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
10,
000
, 25
,001
– 3
0,00
0
30,
000
0
.01,
1
5,00
1 –
20,0
00
1
0,00
0
25,
001
– 30
,000
0.0
5 2
0,00
1 –
25,0
00
1
0,00
0 , 2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
3
0,00
0
0.0
1
169
4
.120
(n =
385
)
F
Sig.
1
0
( n
= 1
82 )
11 –
40
( n =
155
) 41
– 7
0
( n
= 3
2 )
71 –
100
( n =
11
) 1
00
( n
= 5
)
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
51
.539
4.
35
.581
4.
64
.474
4.
18
.311
4.
27
.548
3.
455
.009
**
2.
4.
26
.579
4.
18
.623
4.
41
.681
3.
91
.831
3.
87
.558
2.
247
.064
3.
4.31
.5
44
4.25
.6
01
4.65
.5
81
4.59
.3
36
4.30
.7
58
3.89
1 .0
04**
4.
4.47
.5
04
4.46
.5
80
4.58
.6
45
4.27
.4
67
4.20
.8
37
.994
.4
11
5.
4.37
.5
80
4.21
.5
34
4.34
.6
42
4.22
.2
06
4.20
.8
49
1.65
3 .1
60
6.
4.
29
.665
4.
37
.584
4.
43
.636
3.
84
.126
4.
15
.783
2.
338
.055
7.
4.43
.5
96
4.56
.5
75
4.60
.6
01
4.61
.4
17
4.20
.8
37
1.67
0 .1
56
8.
4.
32
.518
4.
35
.624
4.
60
.625
4.
12
.168
4.
20
.837
2.
283
.060
9.
4.
33
.535
4.
27
.593
4.
35
.581
4.
38
.672
3.
96
.654
.7
97
.528
10.
4.34
.5
19
4.18
.5
96
4.50
.5
90
4.53
.3
89
4.00
.7
07
3.87
7 .0
04**
4.
36
.469
4.
32
.491
4.
51
.520
4.
27
.185
4.
13
.706
1.
423
.226
**
0
.01
4
.120
/
10
0
.01
1
0
1
0
170
(Least Significant Difference : LSD)
4.121 – 4.123
4.121
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100 100 4.51 4.35 4.64 4.18 4.27
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100
100
4.51 4.35 4.64 4.18 4.27
0.16**
-0.12 -0.28**
0.33 0.17 0.45*
0.24 0.09 0.37 -0.08
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.121 / 10
/ 11 – 40 0.01 /
41 – 70 / 11 – 40 0.01
/ 71 – 100 0.05 /
4.122
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100 100 4.31 4.25 4.65 4.59 4.30
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100
100
4.31 4.25 4.65 4.59 4.30
0.06
-0.34** -0.40**
-0.28 -0.34 0.06
0.01 -0.05 0.35 0.29
** 0.01
171
4.122 / 41 – 70
/ 10 11 – 40 0.01
/
4.123
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100 100 4.34 4.18 4.50 4.53 4.00
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100
100
4.34 4.18 4.50 4.53 4.00
0.16**
-0.16 -0.32**
-0.19 -0.35* -0.03
0.34 0.18 0.50 0.53
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.123 / 10
/ 11 – 40 0.01,
/ 41 – 70 / 11 – 40
0.01 / 71 – 100 / 11 – 40
0.05 / 4.78 – 4.123
4.124
172
4
.124
1.
*
**
*
2.
**
** *
** **
* **
** **
** **
3.
*
* **
4.
5.
*
6.
*
**
*
** **
*
7.
** *
**
8.
9.
** *
**
** **
**
** **
** 10
. /
**
**
**
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
173
4.124
-
1
0.05 0.01
1 1 -
0.01 2
0.01
0.05 2 -
3 0.05 0.01 3 3
- 4
4 -
5 0.05
5 5 -
6
0.05
0.01 6 6
174
- 7
0.01
0.05 7 7
- 8
8 -
0.01 9
0.01 0.05
9 9
- /
10
0.01 10 10
4.4.3
/ 4.125 – 4.149
1 :
2 :
175
3 :
4 :
5 :
6 :
7 :
8 :
9 :
10 : /
4.125
(n = 385)
t Sig.
( n = 125 )
( n = 260 )
S.D. S.D.
1. 4.05 .544 4.12 .587 -1.219 .223 2. 4.22 .518 4.23 .543 -.067 .947 3. 4.10 .556 4.13 .528 -.548 .584
4.11 .502 4.15 .495 -.614 .540
4.125 1
1
176
4
.126
(n =
385
)
F
Sig.
21
– 2
8
( n
= 7
5 )
29 –
36
( n =
122
) 37
– 4
4
( n
= 9
5 )
45 –
52
( n =
61
) 53
– 6
0
( n
= 3
2 )
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
30
.481
4.
13
.551
4.
00
.684
3.
91
.516
4.
17
.455
4.
941
.001
**
2.
4.
32
.598
4.
26
.481
4.
12
.613
4.
16
.428
4.
30
.457
2.
083
.082
3.
4.28
.4
67
4.14
.5
41
3.95
.5
77
4.16
.4
75
4.10
.5
49
4.30
4 .0
02**
4.29
.4
31
4.16
.4
86
3.99
.5
70
4.10
.4
25
4.16
.4
80
4.09
6 .0
03**
**
0
.01
4
.126
0
.01
2
0
.01
2
2
177
(Least Significant Difference : LSD)
4.127 – 4.129
4.127
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.29 4.16 3.99 4.10 4.16
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.29 4.16 3.99 4.10 4.16
0.13
0.30** 0.17*
0.19* 0.06 -0.11
0.13 0.00 -0.17 -0.06
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.127 21 – 28 37 – 44
0.01 45 – 52 0.05 29 – 36 37 – 44
0.05
4.128
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.30 4.13 4.00 3.91 4.17
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.30 4.13 4.00 3.91 4.17
0.17*
0.30** 0.13
0.38** 0.21* 0.08
0.12 -0.05 -0.17 -0.26*
* 0.05 ** 0.01
178
4.128 21 – 28
29 – 36 0.05 37 – 44 45 – 52 0.01, 29 – 36
45 – 52 0.05 53 – 60 45 – 52 0.05
4.129
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.28 4.14 3.95 4.16 4.10
21 – 28 29 – 36 37 – 44 45 – 52 53 – 60
4.28 4.14 3.95 4.16 4.10
0.14
0.33** 0.19**
0.12 -0.02 -0.21*
0.18 0.04 -0.15 0.06
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.129 21 – 28
37 – 44 0.01, 29 – 36 37 – 44 0.01
45 – 52 37 – 44 0.05
179
4.130
(n = 385)
F Sig.
( n = 6 )
( n = 257 )
( n = 122 ) S.D. S.D. S.D.
1. 3.88 .542 4.13 .557 4.05 .608 1.311 .271 2. 4.00 .418 4.23 .537 4.23 .534 .554 .575 3. 3.78 .531 4.13 .545 4.11 .518 1.307 .272
3.85 .466 4.15 .502 4.12 .485 1.177 .309
4.130 3
3
4.131
(n = 385)
F Sig.
( n = 381 )
( n = 2 )
( n = 2 )
S.D. S.D. S.D.
1. 4.09 .573 4.38 .884 4.50 .707 .732 .481 2. 4.23 .533 4.25 1.061 4.50 .707 .264 .768 3. 4.12 .536 4.25 .636 4.50 .707 .567 .568
4.13 .496 4.28 .786 4.50 .707 .620 .538
4.131 4
4
180
4.132
(n = 385)
F Sig.
( n = 218 )
( n = 162 )
( n = 3 )
( n = 2 ) S.D. S.D. S.D. S.D.
1. 4.11 .522 4.08 .632 4.33 1.155 3.88 .177 .331 .803 2. 4.24 .528 4.21 .535 4.33 1.155 3.88 .177 .414 .743 3. 4.11 .516 4.14 .552 4.33 1.155 3.50 .283 1.172 .320
4.13 .460 4.14 .532 4.33 1.155 3.67 .157 .758 .518
4.132 5
5
181
4
.133
(n =
385
)
F Si
g.
( n
= 6
)
( n
= 4
7 )
( n
= 8
6 )
( n
= 3
4 )
( n =
48
)
( n
= 2
1 )
( n =
108
)
( n =
32
)
Hold
ing
Com
pany
( n
= 3
)
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
00
.000
4.
26
.601
3.
97
.522
4.
08
.506
4.
02
.778
4.
25
.642
4.
07
.492
4.
27
.565
4.
75
.000
2.
241
.024
* 2.
4.04
.1
02
4.28
.6
40
4.15
.4
56
3.92
.4
07
4.25
.6
04
4.64
.5
95
4.23
.4
79
4.35
.5
60
4.75
.0
00
4.26
3 .0
00**
3.
4.02
.0
41
4.21
.6
13
3.99
.4
52
4.00
.4
83
4.15
.6
69
4.27
.6
07
4.15
.5
35
4.20
.4
16
4.50
.0
00
1.65
9 .1
07
4.
02
.045
4.
24
.579
4.
02
.399
4.
00
.457
4.
14
.643
4.
35
.587
4.
14
.466
4.
25
.392
4.
61
.000
2.
330
.019
* *
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4
.133
0
.05
6
0.0
5
0
.01
6
6
(L
east
Si
gnifi
cant
Di
ffere
nce
: LS
D)
4.1
34 –
4.13
6
182
4.1
34
/
/
Ho
ldin
g Co
mpa
ny
4.02
4.
24
4.02
4.
00
4.14
4.
35
4.14
4.
25
4.61
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.02
4.
24
4.02
4.
00
4.14
4.
35
4.14
4.
25
4.61
-0
.22
0.00
0.
22*
0.02
0.
24*
0.02
-0.1
3 0.
10
-0.1
3 -0
.14
-0.3
3 -0
.11
-0.3
3**
-0.3
5*
-0.2
1
-0.1
3 0.
09
-0.1
3 -0
.14
-0.0
0 0.
20
-0.2
3 -0
.01
-0.2
3*
-0.2
5*
-0.1
1 0.
10
-0.1
1
-0.5
9 -0
.37
-0.5
9*
-0.6
1*
-0.4
7 -0
.26
-0.4
7 -0
.36
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4
.134
0.0
5,
0.0
1
0
.05,
0.0
5
(Hol
ding
Com
pany
)
0
.05
183
4.1
35
/
/
Ho
ldin
g Co
mpa
ny
4.00
4.
26
3.97
4.
08
4.02
4.
25
4.07
4.
27
4.75
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.00
4.
26
3.97
4.
08
4.02
4.
25
4.07
4.
27
4.75
-0
.26
0.03
0.
29**
-0
.08
0.18
-0
.11
-0.0
2 0.
24*
-0.0
5 0.
06
-0.2
5 0.
01
-0.2
8*
-0.1
7 -0
.23
-0.0
7 0.
19
-0.1
0 0.
01
-0.0
5 0.
18
-0.2
7 -0
.01
-0.3
0*
-0.1
9 -0
.25
-0.0
2 -0
.20
-0.7
5 -0
.49
-0.7
8*
-0.6
7 -0
.73*
-0
.50
-0.6
8*
-0.4
8
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4
.135
0.
01
0
.05,
0
.05,
0
.05
(H
oldi
ng C
ompa
ny)
0
.05
184
4.1
36
/
/
Ho
ldin
g Co
mpa
ny
4.04
4.
28
4.15
3.
92
4.25
4.
64
4.23
4.
35
4.75
/
/
/
/
/
Hold
ing
Com
pany
4.04
4.
28
4.15
3.
92
4.25
4.
64
4.23
4.
35
4.75
-0
.24
-0.1
0 0.
14
0.12
0.
36**
0.
23*
-0.2
1 0.
03
-0.1
0 -0
.33*
*
-0.6
0*
-0.3
6**
-0.5
0**
-0.7
2**
-0.3
9**
-0.1
9 0.
05
-0.0
9 -0
.31*
* 0.
02
0.41
**
-0.3
1 -0
.07
-0.2
1 -0
.43*
* -0
.10
0.29
* -0
.12
-0.7
1 -0
.47
-0.6
0*
-0.8
3**
-0.5
0 -0
.11
-0.5
2 -0
.40
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4
.136
0.0
1,
0.0
5,
0.0
1,
0
.05
0.0
1,
0.0
1,
0.0
1
(Hol
ding
Com
pany
)
0.0
5
0.0
1
185
4
.137
(n =
385
)
F
Sig.
6
( n =
204
) 7
– 12
( n =
84
) 13
– 1
8
( n
= 2
7 )
19 –
24
( n =
48
) 25
– 3
0
( n
= 9
) 31
– 3
6
( n
= 1
3 )
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
10
.556
4.
03
.528
4.
26
.819
4.
17
.673
4.
00
.000
3.
94
.110
1.
070
.376
2.
4.25
.5
49
4.15
.5
78
4.19
.5
49
4.30
.4
46
4.33
.5
00
4.06
.1
10
.937
.4
57
3.
4.
13
.504
3.
98
.551
4.
06
.793
4.
34
.435
4.
33
.500
3.
92
.358
3.
566
.004
**
4.
15
.473
4.
03
.504
4.
12
.735
4.
29
.455
4.
26
.389
3.
95
.234
2.
240
.050
* *
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4
.137
0
.05
7
0.0
1
7
7
186
(Least Significant Difference : LSD) 4.138 – 4.139
4.138
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 –24 25 –30 31 – 36
4.15 4.03 4.12 4.29 4.26 3.95
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 – 24 25 – 30 31 – 36
4.15 4.03 4.12 4.29 4.26 3.95
0.12 0.03 -0.09
-0.14 -0.26** -0.17
-0.11 -0.23 -0.14 0.03
0.20 0.08 0.17 0.34* 0.31
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.138 19 – 24
7 – 12 0.01 31 – 36 0.05
4.139
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 –24 25 –30 31 – 36 4.13 3.98 4.06 4.34 4.33 3.92
6 7 – 12 13 – 18 19 – 24 25 – 30 31 – 36
4.13 3.98 4.06 4.34 4.33 3.92
0.15* 0.07 -0.08
-0.21* -0.36** -0.28*
-0.20 -0.35 -0.27 0.01
0.21 0.07 0.15 0.42* 0.42
* 0.05 ** 0.01
187
4.139 6
7 – 12 0.05 19 – 24
6 , 13 – 18 31 – 36 0.05 7 – 12
0.01
4.140
(n = 385)
t Sig.
( n = 89 )
( n = 296 )
S.D. S.D. 1. 4.10 .648 4.10 .551 -.033 .974 2. 4.23 .527 4.23 .538 .075 .941 3. 4.14 .548 4.11 .534 .403 .687
4.15 .522 4.13 .490 .231 .818
4.140 8
8
188
4
.141
(n =
385
)
()
F Si
g.
10,0
00
( n
= 6
)
10,0
01 -
15,0
00
( n
= 3
3 )
15,0
01 -
20,0
00
( n
= 4
7 )
20,0
01 -
25,0
00
( n
= 7
1 )
25,0
01 -
30,0
00
( n
= 9
6 )
30,0
00
( n
= 1
32 )
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
3.
75
.274
4.
22
.278
4.
27
.610
4.
11
.531
4.
00
.607
4.
09
.607
2.
207
.053
2.
3.00
.2
74
4.32
.4
06
4.27
.4
72
4.30
.4
85
4.21
.5
99
4.22
.5
04
7.49
0 .0
00**
3.
3.35
.0
55
4.29
.4
76
4.19
.5
54
4.12
.4
44
4.07
.5
94
4.12
.5
30
3.65
3 .0
03**
3.36
.0
30
4.28
.3
68
4.23
.5
09
4.16
.4
08
4.08
.5
55
4.14
.4
99
4.25
1 .0
01**
**
0
.01
4
.141
0
.01
9
0
.01
9
9
(Lea
st
Sign
ifica
nt
Diffe
renc
e :
LSD)
4
.142
– 4
.144
189
4
.142
10,0
00
10
,001
- 15
,000
15,0
01 -
20,0
00
20
,001
- 25
,000
25,0
01 -
30,0
00
30
,000
3.36
4.
28
4.23
4.
16
4.08
4.
14
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.36
4.
28
4.23
4.
16
4.08
4.
14
-0
.92*
* -0
.87*
* 0.
05
-0.8
0**
0.12
0.
07
-0.7
2**
0.20
* 0.
15
0.08
-0.7
7**
0.15
0.
09
0.02
-0
.06
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.1
42
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
1 2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
0
.05,
1
5,00
1 –
20,0
00
10,0
00
0
.01,
2
0,00
1 –
25,0
00
10,0
00
0
.01,
2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
10,0
00
0
.01
3
0,00
0
10,
000
0
.01
190
4
.143
10,0
00
10
,001
- 15
,000
15,0
01 -
20,0
00
20
,001
- 25
,000
25,0
01 -
30,0
00
30
,000
3.00
4.
32
4.27
4.
30
4.21
4.
22
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.00
4.
32
4.27
4.
30
4.21
4.
22
-1
.32*
* -1
.27*
* 0.
05
-1.3
0**
0.02
-0
.03
-1.2
1**
0.11
0.
07
0.10
-1.2
2**
0.10
0.
05
0.09
-0
.01
**
0.0
1
4.1
43
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
1,
15
,001
– 2
0,00
0
10,
000
0
.01,
20,0
01 –
25,
000
1
0,00
0
0.0
1,
25
,001
– 3
0,00
0
10,
000
0
.01
3
0,00
0
10,
000
0
.01
191
4
.144
10,0
00
10
,001
- 15
,000
15,0
01 -
20,0
00
20
,001
- 25
,000
25,0
01 -
30,0
00
30
,000
3.35
4.
29
4.19
4.
12
4.07
4.
12
10,
000
10
,001
– 1
5,00
0
15,0
01 –
20,
000
20
,001
– 2
5,00
0
25,0
01 –
30,
000
3
0,00
0
3.35
4.
29
4.19
4.
12
4.07
4.
12
-0
.94*
* -0
.84*
* 0.
10
-0.7
7**
0.18
0.
07
-0.7
2**
0.23
* 0.
13
0.05
-0.7
7**
0.17
0.
07
-0.0
1 -0
.06
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4.1
44
1
0,00
1 –
15,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
1 2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
0
.05,
1
5,00
1 –
20,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
1,
20,
001
– 25
,000
10,
000
0
.01,
2
5,00
1 –
30,0
00
1
0,00
0
0.0
1
30,
000
1
0,00
0
0.0
1
192
4
.145
(n =
385
)
F
Sig.
1
0
( n
= 1
82 )
11 –
40
( n =
155
) 41
– 7
0
( n
= 3
2 )
71 –
100
( n =
11
) 1
00
( n
= 5
)
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
S.
D.
1.
4.
13
.521
4.
13
.634
3.
93
.569
3.
70
.313
3.
90
.548
2.
412
.049
* 2.
4.18
.5
64
4.29
.4
91
4.30
.4
51
3.98
.8
17
4.00
.0
00
1.76
0 .1
36
3.
4.
11
.555
4.
17
.525
4.
16
.444
3.
65
.430
3.
68
.396
3.
435
.009
**
4.
13
.521
4.
19
.489
4.
14
.337
3.
74
.460
3.
80
.330
2.
826
.025
* *
0.0
5 **
0
.01
4
.145
/
0
.05
1
0
0
.05
0.0
1
10
1
0
(Lea
st
Sign
ifica
nt
Diffe
renc
e :
LSD)
4
.146
– 4.
148
193
4.146
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100 100 4.13 4.19 4.14 3.74 3.80
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100
100
4.13 4.19 4.14 3.74 3.80
-0.06
-0.01 0.05
0.39* 0.45** 0.40*
0.33 0.39 0.34 -0.06
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.146 / 10
/ 71 – 100 0.05, / 11 – 40
/ 71 – 100 0.01 /
41 – 70 / 71 – 100 0.05 /
4.147
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100 100 4.13 4.13 3.93 3.70 3.90
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100
100
4.13 4.13 3.93 3.70 3.90
-0.00
0.20 0.20
0.42* 0.43* 0.23
0.23 0.23 0.03 -0.20
* 0.05
4.147 / 10
/ 71 – 100 0.05 /
11 – 40 / 71 – 100 0.05 /
194
4.148
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100 100 4.11 4.17 4.16 3.65 3.68
10 11 – 40 41 – 70 71 – 100
100
4.11 4.17 4.16 3.65 3.68
-0.07
-0.05 0.02
0.45** 0.52** 0.50**
0.43 0.49* 0.48 -0.03
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.148 / 10
/ 71 – 100 0.01, /
11 – 40 / 71 – 100 0.01 /
100 0.05 / 41 – 70 / 71 – 100
0.01 /
4.125 – 4.148
4.149
195
4
.149
1.
2.
**
** **
3.
4.
5.
6.
* **
*
7.
** *
8.
9.
**
** **
10.
/
*
** *
*
0.0
5 **
0
.01
196
4.149
-
1 1
- 0.01 2
0.01 2
2 -
3 3
- 4 4
- 5 5
- 0.05
6 0.05
0.01 6 6
- 0.05
7 0.01 7
7 -
8 8
197
- 0.01 9
0.01 9
9 - /
0.05 10
0.05 0.01 10
10
4.5
4.5.1
1 :
2 :
3 :
4 :
5 :
6 :
198
4.150
WEAT MHR1 MHR2 MHR3 MHR4 MHR5 MHR6
VIF 4.14 4.11 3.94 3.92 4.06 4.19 4.03 S.D. .497 .493 .517 .574 .533 .501 .545
WEAT 1.000 .382** .371** .472** .556** .484** .631** MHR1 1.000 .630** .573** .637** .390** .566** 2.106 MHR2 1.000 .700** .556** .423** .528** 2.324 MHR3 1.000 .655** .523** .680** 2.795 MHR4 1.000 .612** .735** 3.011 MHR5 1.000 .553** 1.707 MHR6 1.000 2.631
** 0.01
4.150
Multicollinearity
Multicollinearity VIF VIF 1.707 – 2.795 10
0.01
0.371 – 0.631
(WEAT) 4.151
199
4.151
t Sig.
1.391 0.198 7.026 0.000** -0.031 0.057 -0.030 -0.539 0.590 0.004 0.057 0.004 0.065 0.948 0.004 0.056 0.005 0.076 0.939
0.134 0.063 0.144 2.134 0.034*
0.152 0.050 0.154 3.032 0.003**
0.412 0.057 0.452 7.188 0.000**
R = 0.657 ; R2 = 0.432 ; Adj. R2 = 0.423 ; SEest = 0.37745 ; F = 47.836 ; Sig. F = 0.000
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.151 (WEAT) 0.01 (Sig. F = 0.000)
WEAT = 1.391 – 0.031 MHR1 + 0.004 MHR2 + 0.004 MHR3 + 0.134 MHR4 + 0.152 MHR5 + 0.412 MHR6
(WEAT) (MHR6) (WEAT)
(MHR5) (MHR4)
(WEAT), (MHR1) (WEAT),
(MHR3) (MHR2) (WEAT)
(WEAT) (MHR4)
(WEAT)
200
0.05 (MHR5) (MHR6)
(WEAT) 0.01 4,5 6
(MHR1) (MHR2) (MHR3) (WEAT) 1, 2, 3 (MHR4) (MHR5)
(MHR6) (WEAT) 4.152
4.152
t Sig.
1.349 0.176 7.664 0.000** 0.122 0.057 0.131 2.143 0.033*
0.155 0.049 0.156 3.128 0.002**
0.408 0.053 0.448 7.718 0.000**
R = 0.657 ; R2 = 0.431 ; Adj. R2 = 0.427 ; SEest = 0.37612 ; F = 96.248 ; Sig. F = 0.000
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.152 (WEAT) 0.01 (Sig. F = 0.000)
WEAT = 1.349 + 0.122 MHR4 + 0.155 MHR5 + 0.408 MHR6
201
4.153
WEA1 MHR1 MHR2 MHR3 MHR4 MHR5 MHR6
VIF 4.10 4.11 3.94 3.92 4.06 4.19 4.03 S.D. .574 .493 .517 .574 .533 .501 .545
WEA1 1.000 .386** .330** .480** .488** .446** .550** MHR1 1.000 .630** .573** .637** .390** .566** 2.106 MHR2 1.000 .700** .556** .423** .528** 2.324 MHR3 1.000 .655** .523** .680** 2.795 MHR4 1.000 .612** .735** 3.011 MHR5 1.000 .553** 1.707 MHR6 1.000 2.631
** 0.01
4.153
Multicollinearity
Multicollinearity VIF VIF 1.707 – 2.795 10
0.01
0.330 – 0.550
(WEA1) 4.154
202
4.154
t Sig.
1.159 0.244 4.741 0.000** 0.090 0.070 0.077 1.284 0.200 -0.118 0.070 -0.107 -1.687 0.092 0.180 0.069 0.179 2.590 0.010**
0.053 0.077 0.049 0.688 0.492
0.187 0.062 0.163 3.005 0.003**
0.331 0.071 0.314 4.677 0.000**
R = 0.592 ; R2 = 0.351 ; Adj. R2 = 0.340 ; SEest = 0.46613 ; F = 34.013 ; Sig. F = 0.000
** 0.01
4.154 (WEA1) 0.01
(Sig. F = 0.000)
WEA1 = 1.159 + 0.090 MHR1 – 0.118 MHR2 + 0.180 MHR3 + 0.053 MHR4 + 0.187 MHR5 + 0.331 MHR6
(WEA1) (MHR6) (WEA1)
(MHR3) (MHR5) (WEA1),
(MHR2) (WEA1), (MHR1)
(MHR4) (WEA1)
(WEA1)
(MHR3) (MHR5)
203
(MHR6) (WEA1)
0.01 3, 5 6 (MHR1) (MHR2)
(MHR4) (WEA1) 1, 2, 4
(MHR3) (MHR5)
(MHR6) (WEA1) 4.155
4.155
t Sig.
1.185 0.218 5.441 0.000** 0.151 0.058 0.151 2.582 0.010**
0.197 0.059 0.172 3.350 0.001**
0.371 0.063 0.353 5.914 0.000**
R = 0.586 ; R2 = 0.343 ; Adj. R2 = 0.338 ; SEest = 0.46693 ; F = 66.362 ; Sig. F = 0.000
** 0.01
4.155 (WEA1) 0.01
(Sig. F = 0.000)
WEA1 = 1.185 + 0.151 MHR3 + 0.197 MHR5 + 0.371 MHR6
204
4.156
WEA2 MHR1 MHR2 MHR3 MHR4 MHR5 MHR6
VIF 4.23 4.11 3.94 3.92 4.06 4.19 4.03 S.D. .534 .493 .517 .574 .533 .501 .545
WEA2 1.000 .300** .297** .344** .460** .324** .514** MHR1 1.000 .630** .573** .637** .390** .566** 2.106 MHR2 1.000 .700** .556** .423** .528** 2.324 MHR3 1.000 .655** .523** .680** 2.795 MHR4 1.000 .612** .735** 3.011 MHR5 1.000 .553** 1.707 MHR6 1.000 2.631
** 0.01
4.156
Multicollinearity
Multicollinearity VIF VIF 1.707 – 2.795 10
0.01
0.297 – 0.514
(WEA2) 4.157
205
4.157
t Sig.
2.039 0.239 8.526 0.000** -0.062 0.069 -0.058 -0.910 0.363 0.053 0.069 0.051 0.770 0.442 -0.080 0.068 -0.086 -1.180 0.239
0.215 0.076 0.214 2.836 0.005**
0.009 0.061 0.008 0.146 0.884
0.407 0.069 0.416 5.883 0.000**
R = 0.532 ; R2 = 0.283 ; Adj. R2 = 0.272 ; SEest = 0.45603 ; F = 24.889 ; Sig. F = 0.000
** 0.01
4.157 (WEA2) 0.01
(Sig. F = 0.000)
WEA2 = 2.039 – 0.062 MHR1 + 0.053 MHR2 – 0.080 MHR3 + 0.215 MHR4 + 0.009 MHR5 + 0.407 MHR6
(WEA2) (MHR6)
(WEA2) (MHR4)
(WEA2), (MHR3) (MHR1)
(WEA2), (MHR2) (MHR5)
(WEA2)
(WEA2)
(MHR4) (MHR6)
206
(WEA2) 0.01 4 6
(MHR1) (MHR2) (MHR3)
(MHR5) (WEA2) 1, 2, 3 5
(MHR4) (MHR6)
(WEA2) 4.158
4.158
t Sig.
1.988 0.189 10.542 0.000** 0.181 0.064 0.180 2.809 0.005**
0.374 0.063 0.381 5.950 0.000**
R = 0.528 ; R2 = 0.279 ; Adj. R2 = 0.275 ; SEest = 0.45501 ; F = 73.850 ; Sig. F = 0.000
** 0.01
4.158 (WEA2) 0.01
(Sig. F = 0.000)
WEA2 = 1.988 + 0.181 MHR4 + 0.374 MHR6
207
4.159
WEA3 MHR1 MHR2 MHR3 MHR4 MHR5 MHR6
VIF 4.12 4.11 3.94 3.92 4.06 4.19 4.03 S.D. .537 .493 .517 .574 .533 .501 .545
WEA3 1.000 .349** .361** .446** .531** .486** .609** MHR1 1.000 .630** .573** .637** .390** .566** 2.106 MHR2 1.000 .700** .556** .423** .528** 2.324 MHR3 1.000 .655** .523** .680** 2.795 MHR4 1.000 .612** .735** 3.011 MHR5 1.000 .553** 1.707 MHR6 1.000 2.631
** 0.01
4.159
Multicollinearity Multicollinearity VIF VIF
1.707 – 2.795 10
0.01
0.349 – 0.609
(WEA3) 4.160
208
4.160
t Sig.
1.238 0.218 5.679 0.000** -0.071 0.062 -0.066 -1.144 0.253 0.036 0.063 0.035 0.581 0.561 -0.024 0.062 -0.026 -0.393 0.694
0.128 0.069 0.128 1.859 0.064
0.196 0.055 0.183 3.541 0.000**
0.443 0.063 0.451 7.026 0.000**
R = 0.640 ; R2 = 0.409 ; Adj. R2 = 0.400 ; SEest = 0.41565 ; F = 43.638 ; Sig. F = 0.000
** 0.01
4.160 (WEA3) 0.01
(Sig. F = 0.000)
WEA3 = 1.238 – 0.071 MHR1 + 0.036 MHR2 – 0.024 MHR3 + 0.128 MHR4 + 0.196 MHR5 + 0.443 MHR6
(WEA3) (MHR6)
(WEA3) (MHR5) (MHR4)
(WEA3), (MHR1)
(WEA3), (MHR2)
(WEA3) (MHR3) (WEA3)
209
(WEA3)
(MHR5) (MHR6)
(WEA3) 0.01 5 6 (MHR1)
(MHR2) (MHR3) (MHR4)
(WEA3) 1, 2, 3 4
(MHR5) (MHR6)
(WEA3) 4.161
4.161
t Sig.
1.213 0.192 6.320 0.000**
0.230 0.051 0.214 4.520 0.000**
0.483 0.047 0.491 10.338 0.000**
R = 0.635 ; R2 = 0.403 ; Adj. R2 = 0.400 ; SEest = 0.41564 ; F = 128.926 ; Sig. F = 0.000
** 0.01
4.161 (WEA3) 0.01
(Sig. F = 0.000)
WEA3 = 1.213 + 0.230 MHR5 + 0.483 MHR6
210
4.150 – 4.161
4.162
4.162
1. 2. 3. ** 4. ** * 5.
** ** **
6. ** ** ** **
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.162
0.01
3, 5 6
0.01 4 6
0.01 5 6
0.05
0.01
4, 5 6
211
4.5.2
1 :
2 :
3 :
4 :
5 :
6 :
7 :
8 :
9 :
10:
212
4.163
WEAT APE1 APE2 APE3 APE4 APE5 APE6 APE7 APE8 APE9 APE10
VIF 4.14 4.45 4.22 4.32 4.47 4.30 4.32 4.50 4.35 4.30 4.29 S.D. .497 .554 .617 .578 .552 .566 .628 .589 .574 .568 .565
WEAT 1.000 .571** .602** .655** .617** .736** .765** .679** .709** .695** .670**
APE1 1.000 .612** .653** .670** .608** .560** .601** .597** .537** .596** 2.274
APE2 1.000 .740** .616** .595** .640** .533** .590** .451** .598** 2.597
APE3 1.000 .752** .733** .706** .690** .679** .605** .752** 4.386
APE4 1.000 .681** .700** .720** .720** .522** .636** 3.726
APE5 1.000 .830** .691** .741** .627** .678** 4.230
APE6 1.000 .719** .706** .609** .664** 4.163
APE7 1.000 .684** .728** .668** 3.517
APE8 1.000 .718** .702** 3.646
APE9 1.000 .696** 3.181
APE10 1.000 3.102 ** 0.01
4.163
Multicollinearity Multicollinearity VIF VIF 2.274 – 4.386
10
0.01
0.571 – 0.765
(WEAT) 4.164
213
4.164
t Sig.
0.600 0.135 4.444 0.000** 0.031 0.039 0.034 0.796 0.427
0.100 0.037 0.125 2.718 0.007** -0.049 0.051 -0.057 -0.953 0.341
-0.018 0.049 -0.020 -0.356 0.722 0.123 0.051 0.140 2.392 0.017*
0.257 0.046 0.325 5.589 0.000** 0.024 0.045 0.029 0.541 0.589
0.081 0.047 0.093 1.716 0.087
0.217 0.044 0.248 4.883 0.000**
0.055 0.044 0.062 1.242 0.215
R = 0.835 ; R2 = 0.697 ; Adj. R2 = 0.689 ; SEest = 0.27715 ; F = 85.944 ; Sig. F = 0.000
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.164 (WEAT) 0.01 (Sig. F = 0.000)
WEAT = 0.600 + 0.031 APE1 + 0.100 APE2 – 0.049 APE3 – 0.018 APE4 + 0.123 APE5 + 0.257 APE6 + 0.024 APE7 + 0.081 APE8 + 0.217 APE9 + 0.055 APE10
(WEAT) (APE6) (WEAT)
(APE9) (APE5) (APE2)
(APE8) (APE10) (WEAT), (APE3)
(WEAT),
214
(APE1) (APE7) (WEAT) (APE4)
(WEAT)
(WEAT) (APE5)
(WEAT) 0.05 (APE2) (APE6)
(APE9) (WEAT)
0.01 2, 5, 6 9 (APE1) (APE3) (APE4)
(APE7) (APE8) (APE10)
(WEAT) 1, 3, 4, 7, 8 10 (APE2)
(APE5) (APE6) (APE9)
(WEAT) 4.165
4.165
t Sig.
0.658 0.125 5.264 0.000** 0.112 0.030 0.139 3.696 0.000**
0.152 0.047 0.173 3.240 0.001** 0.269 0.043 0.339 6.181 0.000**
0.277 0.033 0.317 8.457 0.000**
R = 0.831 ; R2 = 0.691 ; Adj. R2 = 0.688 ; SEest = 0.27746 ; F = 212.681 ; Sig. F = 0.000
** 0.01
215
4.165 (WEAT) 0.01 (Sig. F = 0.000)
WEAT = 0.658 + 0.112 APE2 + 0.152 APE5 + 0.269 APE6 + 0.277 APE9
4.166
WEA1 APE1 APE2 APE3 APE4 APE5 APE6 APE7 APE8 APE9 APE10
VIF 4.10 4.45 4.22 4.32 4.47 4.30 4.32 4.50 4.35 4.30 4.29 S.D. .574 .554 .617 .578 .552 .566 .628 .589 .574 .568 .565
WEA1 1.000 .499** .383** .485** .456** .534** .487** .550** .555** .644** .558**
APE1 1.000 .612** .653** .670** .608** .560** .601** .597** .537** .596** 2.274
APE2 1.000 .740** .616** .595** .640** .533** .590** .451** .598** 2.597
APE3 1.000 .752** .733** .706** .690** .679** .605** .752** 4.386
APE4 1.000 .681** .700** .720** .720** .522** .636** 3.726
APE5 1.000 .830** .691** .741** .627** .678** 4.230
APE6 1.000 .719** .706** .609** .664** 4.163
APE7 1.000 .684** .728** .668** 3.517
APE8 1.000 .718** .702** 3.646
APE9 1.000 .696** 3.181
APE10 1.000 3.102 ** 0.01
4.166
Multicollinearity
Multicollinearity VIF VIF 2.274 – 4.386 10
0.01
0.383 – 0.644
(WEA1) 4.167
216
4.167
t Sig.
0.656 0.207 3.167 0.002** 0.159 0.059 0.153 2.689 0.007**
-0.020 0.057 -0.021 -0.346 0.730 -0.069 0.079 -0.070 -0.881 0.379
-.00004185 0.076 0.000 -0.001 1.000 0.145 0.079 0.143 1.842 0.066
-0.042 0.071 -0.046 -0.598 0.550 0.047 0.069 0.049 0.686 0.493
0.043 0.072 0.043 0.594 0.553
0.402 0.068 0.397 5.894 0.000**
0.128 0.068 0.126 1.891 0.059
R = 0.682 ; R2 = 0.465 ; Adj. R2 = 0.451 ; SEest = 0.42522 ; F = 32.548 ; Sig. F = 0.000
** 0.01
4.167 (WEA1) 0.01
(Sig. F = 0.000) WEA1 = 0.656 + 0.159 APE1 – 0.020 APE2 – 0.069 APE3 – 0.00004185 APE4 + 0.145 APE5 – 0.042 APE6 + 0.047 APE7 + 0.043 APE8 + 0.402 APE9 + 0.128 APE10
(WEA1)
(APE9) (WEA1)
(APE1) (APE5) (APE10)
(WEA1), (APE3) (WEA1),
(APE7)
217
(WEA1), (APE6) (WEA1),
(APE8) (WEA1), (APE2)
(APE4) (WEA1)
(WEA1) (APE1)
(APE9)
(WEA1) 0.01 1 9 (APE2) (APE3)
(APE4) (APE5) (APE6) (APE7) (APE8)
(APE10) (WEA1)
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 10 (APE1)
(APE9)
(WEA1) 4.168
4.168
t Sig.
0.808 0.196 4.126 0.000** 0.224 0.047 0.216 4.796 0.000**
0.533 0.046 0.527 11.702 0.000**
R = 0.669 ; R2 = 0.447 ; Adj. R2 = 0.445 ; SEest = 0.42772 ; F = 154.653 ; Sig. F = 0.000
** 0.01
218
4.168 (WEA1) 0.01
(Sig. F = 0.000)
WEA1 = 0.808 + 0.224 APE1 + 0.533 APE9
4.169
WEA2 APE1 APE2 APE3 APE4 APE5 APE6 APE7 APE8 APE9 APE10
VIF 4.23 4.45 4.22 4.32 4.47 4.30 4.32 4.50 4.35 4.30 4.29 S.D. .534 .554 .617 .578 .552 .566 .628 .589 .574 .568 .565
WEA2 1.000 .461** .548** .517** .502** .583** .684** .562** .634** .556** .517**
APE1 1.000 .612** .653** .670** .608** .560** .601** .597** .537** .596** 2.274
APE2 1.000 .740** .616** .595** .640** .533** .590** .451** .598** 2.597
APE3 1.000 .752** .733** .706** .690** .679** .605** .752** 4.386
APE4 1.000 .681** .700** .720** .720** .522** .636** 3.726
APE5 1.000 .830** .691** .741** .627** .678** 4.230
APE6 1.000 .719** .706** .609** .664** 4.163
APE7 1.000 .684** .728** .668** 3.517
APE8 1.000 .718** .702** 3.646
APE9 1.000 .696** 3.181
APE10 1.000 3.102 ** 0.01
4.169
Multicollinearity
Multicollinearity VIF VIF 2.274 – 4.386 10
0.01
0.461 – 0.684
(WEA2) 4.170
219
4.170
t Sig.
1.206 0.178 6.786 0.000** 0.028 0.051 0.029 0.555 0.580
0.173 0.049 0.200 3.557 0.000** -0.101 0.068 -0.109 -1.491 0.137
-0.116 0.065 -0.120 -1.787 0.075 -0.097 0.068 -0.103 -1.439 0.151
0.423 0.061 0.497 6.989 0.000** 0.053 0.059 0.059 0.897 0.370
0.271 0.062 0.292 4.383 0.000**
0.117 0.059 0.125 2.005 0.046*
-0.049 0.058 -0.052 -0.852 0.395
R = 0.739 ; R2 = 0.546 ; Adj. R2 = 0.534 ; SEest = 0.36492 ; F = 44.952 ; Sig. F = 0.000
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.170 (WEA2) 0.01
(Sig. F = 0.000)
WEA2 = 1.206 + 0.028 APE1 + 0.173 APE2 – 0.101 APE3 – 0.116 APE4 – 0.097 APE5 + 0.423 APE6 + 0.053 APE7 + 0.271 APE8 + 0.117 APE9 – 0.049 APE10
(WEA2) (APE6)
(WEA2) (APE8)
(APE2)
220
(APE9) (WEA2), (APE4) (APE3)
(APE5) (WEA2), (APE7)
(WEA2), (APE10)
(WEA2) (APE1)
(WEA2)
(WEA2)
(APE9) (WEA2)
0.05, (APE2) (APE6) (APE8)
(WEA2) 0.01 2, 6, 8 9 (APE1) (APE3) (APE4) (APE5) (APE7)
(APE10) (WEA2) 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 10
(APE2) (APE6) (APE8)
(APE9)
(WEA2) 4.171
221
4.171
t Sig.
1.045 0.164 6.369 0.000** 0.111 0.041 0.128 2.704 0.007**
0.332 0.047 0.390 7.060 0.000** 0.184 0.055 0.198 3.326 0.001**
0.111 0.049 0.118 2.273 0.024*
R = 0.727 ; R2 = 0.528 ; Adj. R2 = 0.523 ; SEest = 0.36906 ; F = 106.287 ; Sig. F = 0.000
** 0.01
4.171 (WEA2) 0.01
(Sig. F = 0.000)
WEA2 = 1.045 + 0.111 APE2 + 0.332 APE6 + 0.184 APE8 + 0.111 APE9
222
4.172
WEA3 APE1 APE2 APE3 APE4 APE5 APE6 APE7 APE8 APE9 APE10
VIF 4.12 4.45 4.22 4.32 4.47 4.30 4.32 4.50 4.35 4.30 4.29 S.D. .537 .554 .617 .578 .552 .566 .628 .589 .574 .568 .565
WEA3 1.000 .548** .622** .678** .635** .767** .791** .666** .693** .656** .668**
APE1 1.000 .612** .653** .670** .608** .560** .601** .597** .537** .596** 2.274
APE2 1.000 .740** .616** .595** .640** .533** .590** .451** .598** 2.597
APE3 1.000 .752** .733** .706** .690** .679** .605** .752** 4.386
APE4 1.000 .681** .700** .720** .720** .522** .636** 3.726
APE5 1.000 .830** .691** .741** .627** .678** 4.230
APE6 1.000 .719** .706** .609** .664** 4.163
APE7 1.000 .684** .728** .668** 3.517
APE8 1.000 .718** .702** 3.646
APE9 1.000 .696** 3.181
APE10 1.000 3.102 ** 0.01
4.172
Multicollinearity
Multicollinearity VIF VIF 2.274 – 4.386 10
0.01
0.548 – 0.791
(WEA3) 4.173
223
4.173
t Sig.
0.354 0.143 2.478 0.014* -0.032 0.041 -0.033 -0.776 0.438
0.123 0.039 0.141 3.146 0.002** -0.017 0.054 -0.018 -0.310 0.757
0.024 0.052 0.025 0.466 0.642 0.214 0.054 0.226 3.941 0.000**
0.298 0.049 0.349 6.133 0.000** -0.004 0.048 -0.004 -0.081 0.936
0.031 0.050 0.033 0.626 0.531
0.176 0.047 0.187 3.752 0.000**
0.062 0.047 0.065 1.319 0.188
R = 0.842 ; R2 = 0.709 ; Adj. R2 = 0.701 ; SEest = 0.29325 ; F = 91.136 ; Sig. F = 0.000
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.173 (WEA3) 0.01
(Sig. F = 0.000)
WEA3 = 0.354 – 0.032 APE1 + 0.123 APE2 – 0.017 APE3 + 0.024 APE4 + 0.214 APE5 + 0.298 APE6 – 0.004 APE7 + 0.031 APE8 + 0.176 APE9 + 0.062 APE10
(WEA3) (APE6)
(WEA3) (APE5)
(APE9) (APE2) (APE10)
224
(WEA3), (APE1)
(WEA3), (APE8) (APE4)
(WEA3), (APE3) (APE7) (WEA3)
(WEA3) (APE2)
(APE5) (APE6) (APE9)
(WEA3) 0.01 2, 5, 6 9
(APE1) (APE3) (APE4) (APE7) (APE8)
(APE10) (WEA3)
1, 3, 4, 7, 8 10 (APE2)
(APE5) (APE6) (APE9)
(WEA3) 4.174
225
4.174
t Sig.
0.373 0.132 2.833 0.005** 0.128 0.032 0.147 4.024 0.000**
0.227 0.049 0.240 4.595 0.000** 0.313 0.046 0.366 6.844 0.000**
0.204 0.035 0.215 5.897 0.000**
R = 0.841 ; R2 = 0.706 ; Adj. R2 = 0.703 ; SEest = 0.29221 ; F = 228.638 ; Sig. F = 0.000
** 0.01
4.174 (WEA3) 0.01
(Sig. F = 0.000)
WEA3 = 0.373 + 0.128 APE2 + 0.227 APE5 + 0.313 APE6 + 0.204 APE9
4.163 – 4.174
4.175
226
4.175
1. ** 2. ** ** ** 3. 4. 5. ** * 6. ** ** ** 7. 8. ** 9.
** * ** **
10.
* 0.05 ** 0.01
4.175
0.01 1 9
0.05
0.01 2, 6, 8 9
0.01 2, 5, 6 9
0.05
0.01 2, 5, 6 9
227
4.6 10
4.6.1 1)
228
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2)
3)
229
4)
5)
230
6)
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2)
231
3)
4)
5) /
6)
232
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2)
3)
233
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4.7.1 -
-
-
-
/
-
/
-
234
4.7.2 -
-
/
-
4.7.3 -
- (Two – Way Management)
-
235
-
236
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261
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262
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§≥–°√√¡°“√ ¿“«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’‡À≈◊Õ‰¡à∂÷ß°÷ËßÀπ÷ËߢÕß®”π«π°√√¡°“√∑’Ëæ÷ß¡’ „Àâ√—∞¡πμ√’·μàßμ—Èß ¡“™‘° “¡—≠‡∑à“®”π«π°√√¡°“√∑’Ë®–¡’‰¥âμ“¡¡“μ√“ ÚÚ ‡ªìπ°√√¡°“√™—Ë«§√“«·∑π°√√¡°“√∑’Ëæâπ®“°μ”·Àπàß„π«—π‡¥’¬«°—π°—∫«—π∑’Ë√—∞¡πμ√’¡’§” —Ëß„Àâ°√√¡°“√æâπ®“°μ”·Àπàß
„Àâ¡’°“√‡≈◊Õ°μ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ·μàßμ—Èß°√√¡°“√„À¡àμ“¡¡“μ√“ ÚÚ „Àâ·≈⫇ √Á®¿“¬„π‡°â“ ‘∫«—ππ—∫·μà«—π∑’Ë√—∞¡πμ√’¡’§” —Ëß·μàßμ—Èß°√√¡°“√™—Ë«§√“« ‡«âπ·μà¡’«“√–‡À≈◊ÕÕ¬Ÿà‰¡à∂÷ßÀπ÷Ëß√âÕ¬·ª¥ ‘∫«—π √—∞¡πμ√’®– —Ëß„À≡ࡒ°“√‡≈◊Õ°μ—Èß°Á‰¥â ·≈–„À⺟â´÷Ë߉¥â√—∫‡≈◊Õ°μ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ·μàßμ—È߇ªìπ°√√¡°“√·∑πÕ¬Ÿà„πμ”·Àπà߇撬߇∑à“«“√–∑’ˇÀ≈◊ÕÕ¬Ÿà¢ÕߺŸâ´÷Ëßμπ·∑π
„Àâ°√√¡°“√™—Ë«§√“« ÷Ëß√—∞¡πμ√’·μàßμ—Èßæâπ®“°μ”·Àπà߇¡◊ËÕ°√√¡°“√„À¡à‡¢â“√—∫Àπâ“∑’Ë·≈â«
277
Àπâ“ 19√“™°‘®®“πÿ‡∫°…“ ÚÚ μÿ≈“§¡ ÚıÙ˜‡≈à¡ ÒÚÒ μÕπ摇»… ˆı °
À¡«¥ ˘∫∑°”Àπ¥‚∑…
¡“μ√“ ˆı ºŸâ„¥ΩÉ“Ωóπ¡“μ√“ Ò μâÕß√–«“ß‚∑…®”§ÿ°‰¡à‡°‘π “¡ªïÀ√◊Õª√—∫‰¡à‡°‘πÀ°À¡◊Ëπ∫“∑À√◊Õ∑—Èß®”∑—Èߪ√—∫
¡“μ√“ ˆˆ π‘μ‘∫ÿ§§≈„¥ΩÉ“ΩóπÀ√◊Õ‰¡àªØ‘∫—μ‘μ“¡¡“μ√“ ÒÒ μâÕß√–«“ß‚∑…ª√—∫‰¡à‡°‘π “¡· π∫“∑·≈–ª√—∫Õ’°‰¡à‡°‘π«—π≈–Àπ÷ËßÀ¡◊Ëπ∫“∑®π°«à“®–‰¥âªØ‘∫—μ‘„Àâ∂Ÿ°μâÕß
¡“μ√“ ˆ˜ ºŸâ„¥ΩÉ“Ωóπ¡“μ√“ Û˜ μâÕß√–«“ß‚∑…®”§ÿ°‰¡à‡°‘π “¡ªï À√◊Õª√—∫‰¡à‡°‘πÀ°À¡◊Ëπ∫“∑ À√◊Õ∑—Èß®”∑—Èߪ√—∫
¡“μ√“ ˆ¯ ºŸâ Õ∫∫—≠™’√—∫Õπÿ≠“μºŸâ„¥∂Ÿ° —Ëßæ—°„™â„∫Õπÿ≠“μμ“¡¡“μ√“ ÙÛ ∑”°“√ Õ∫∫—≠™’„π√–À«à“ßπ—Èπ μâÕß√–«“ß‚∑…®”§ÿ°‰¡à‡°‘π “¡ªï À√◊Õª√—∫‰¡à‡°‘πÀ°À¡◊Ëπ∫“∑ À√◊Õ∑—Èß®”∑—Èߪ√—∫
¡“μ√“ ˆ˘ ºŸâ„¥ΩÉ“Ωóπ¡“μ√“ ÙÙ μâÕß√–«“ß‚∑…®”§ÿ°‰¡à‡°‘π Õߪï À√◊Õª√—∫‰¡à‡°‘π ’ËÀ¡◊Ëπ∫“∑À√◊Õ∑—Èß®”∑—Èߪ√—∫
¡“μ√“ ˜ ºŸâª√–°Õ∫«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’À√◊ÕºŸâ ÷Ëߢ÷Èπ∑–‡∫’¬π‰«â°—∫ ¿“«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’ºŸâ„¥∂Ÿ°≈ß‚∑…ª√–æƒμ‘º‘¥®√√¬“∫√√≥μ“¡¡“μ√“ Ù˘ (Û) À√◊Õ (Ù) ∑”°“√ª√–°Õ∫«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’„π√–À«à“ßπ—ÈπμâÕß√–«“ß‚∑…®”§ÿ°‰¡à‡°‘π “¡ªïÀ√◊Õª√—∫‰¡à‡°‘πÀ°À¡◊Ëπ∫“∑ À√◊Õ∑—Èß®”∑—Èߪ√—∫
¡“μ√“ ˜Ò ºŸâ„¥‰¡àªØ‘∫—μ‘μ“¡§” —ËߢÕߧ≥–°√√¡°“√®√√¬“∫√√≥μ“¡¡“μ√“ ıÛ «√√§Àâ“À√◊Õ§” —ËߢÕߧ≥–°√√¡°“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈°“√ª√–°Õ∫«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’μ“¡¡“μ√“ ˆÒ (Ú) À√◊Õ (Û)μâÕß√–«“ß‚∑…®”§ÿ°‰¡à‡°‘πÀπ÷Ë߇¥◊ÕπÀ√◊Õª√—∫‰¡à‡°‘πÀπ÷Ëßæ—π∫“∑ À√◊Õ∑—Èß®”∑—Èߪ√—∫
¡“μ√“ ˜Ú „π°√≥’∑’˺Ÿâ°√–∑”§«“¡º‘¥´÷ËßμâÕß√—∫‚∑…μ“¡æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’ȇªìππ‘μ‘∫ÿ§§≈„Àâ°√√¡°“√ºŸâ¡’Õ”π“®≈ßπ“¡ºŸ°æ—ππ‘μ‘∫ÿ§§≈ Àÿâπ à«πºŸâ®—¥°“√ ºŸâ·∑ππ‘μ‘∫ÿ§§≈ À√◊Õ∫ÿ§§≈„¥ ´÷Ëß√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫„π°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√¢Õßπ‘μ‘∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ μâÕß√—∫‚∑…μ“¡∑’Ë°ÆÀ¡“¬°”Àπ¥‰«â ”À√—∫§«“¡º‘¥π—ÈπÊ ¥â«¬‡«âπ·μà®–æ‘ Ÿ®π剥â«à“μπ¡‘‰¥â¡’ à«π√Ÿâ‡ÀÁπÀ√◊Õ¬‘π¬Õ¡„π°“√°√–∑”§«“¡º‘¥¢Õßπ‘μ‘∫ÿ§§≈π—Èπ
∫∑‡©æ“–°“≈
¡“μ√“ ˜Û „À⺟â Õ∫∫—≠™’√—∫Õπÿ≠“μμ“¡æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘ºŸâ Õ∫∫—≠™’ æ.». Úıı „π«—π°àÕπ«—π∑’Ëæ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’È„™â∫—ߧ—∫‡ªìπºŸâ Õ∫∫—≠™’√—∫Õπÿ≠“μμ“¡æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’ÈμàÕ‰ª®π°«à“„∫Õπÿ≠“μ®– ‘ÈπÕ“¬ÿÀ√◊Õ∂Ÿ°‡æ‘°∂Õπμ“¡æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’È
278
Àπâ“ 20√“™°‘®®“πÿ‡∫°…“ ÚÚ μÿ≈“§¡ ÚıÙ˜‡≈à¡ ÒÚÒ μÕπ摇»… ˆı °
¡“μ√“ ˜Ù „π«“√–‡√‘Ë¡·√° „Àâ§≥–°√√¡°“√ ¡“§¡π—°∫—≠™’·≈–ºŸâ Õ∫∫—≠™’√—∫Õπÿ≠“μ·Ààߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬∑”Àπâ“∑’˧≥–°√√¡°“√ ¿“«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’®π°«à“§≥–°√√¡°“√ ¿“«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’μ“¡æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’È®–‡¢â“√—∫Àπâ“∑’Ë ·≈–„Àâ∂◊Õ«à“𓬰 ¡“§¡π—°∫—≠™’·≈–ºŸâ Õ∫∫—≠™’√—∫Õπÿ≠“μ·Ààߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬‡ªìπ𓬰 ¿“«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’®π°«à“®–¡’°“√‡≈◊Õ°μ—Èß𓬰 ¿“«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’μ“¡æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’È·μàμâÕ߉¡à‡°‘πÀπ÷Ëß√âÕ¬·ª¥ ‘∫«—ππ—∫·μà«—π∑’Ëæ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’È„™â∫—ߧ—∫
¡“μ√“ ˜ı „π√–À«à“ß∑’Ë ¿“«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’¬—ß¡’ ¡“™‘°‰¡à∂÷ßÀâ“√âÕ¬§π „Àâ§≥–°√√¡°“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈°“√ª√–°Õ∫«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë ¿“«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’‡æ◊ËÕÕπÿ¡—μ‘À√◊Õ„À⧫“¡‡ÀÁπ™Õ∫¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫¢Õß ¿“«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’
¡“μ√“ ˜ˆ „Àâ∫√√¥“°Æ°√–∑√«ß ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫ À√◊Õª√–°“»∑’ËÕÕ°μ“¡æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘ºŸâ Õ∫∫—≠™’æ.». Úıı ¡’º≈„™â∫—ߧ—∫μàÕ‰ª®π°«à“®–¡’°Æ°√–∑√«ß ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫ À√◊Õª√–°“»μ“¡æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’È„π‡√◊ËÕ߇¥’¬«°—πÕÕ°„™â∫—ߧ—∫
„π°√≥’∑’Ë¡’ªí≠À“‰¡àÕ“®ªØ‘∫—μ‘μ“¡°Æ°√–∑√«ß ¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫ À√◊Õª√–°“»∑’ËÕÕ°μ“¡æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘ºŸâ Õ∫∫—≠™’ æ.». Úıı ‰¥â„π‡√◊ËÕß„¥ „Àâ§≥–°√√¡°“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈°“√ª√–°Õ∫«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’°”À𥫑∏’ªØ‘∫—μ‘À√◊Õ¬°‡«âπ°“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘„π‡√◊ËÕßπ—Èπ¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ°“√‡©æ“–À√◊Õ‡ªìπ°“√∑—Ë«‰ª‰¥â
¡“μ√“ ˜˜ „π«“√–‡√‘Ë¡·√°∑’ˬ—ß¡‘‰¥â¡’°“√°”Àπ¥¡“μ√∞“π°“√∫—≠™’μ“¡æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’ȧ≥–°√√¡°“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈°“√ª√–°Õ∫«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’®–°”Àπ¥„Àℙ⡓μ√∞“π°“√∫—≠™’∑’Ë ¡“§¡π—°∫—≠™’·≈–ºŸâ Õ∫∫—≠™’√—∫Õπÿ≠“μ·Ààߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬‰¥â°”Àπ¥¢÷Èπ·≈–„™â°—π·æ√àÀ≈“¬Õ¬Ÿà·≈â«°àÕπ«—π∑’Ëæ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’È„™â∫—ߧ—∫‡ªìπ¡“μ√∞“π°“√∫—≠™’μ“¡æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’ȉªæ≈“ß°àÕπ°Á‰¥â
¡“μ√“ ˜¯ π‘μ‘∫ÿ§§≈„¥„Àâ∫√‘°“√°“√ Õ∫∫—≠™’À√◊Õ°“√∑”∫—≠™’Õ¬Ÿà·≈â«°àÕπ«—π∑’Ëæ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’È„™â∫—ߧ—∫ „Àâ¬◊Ëπ¢Õ®¥∑–‡∫’¬πμàÕ ¿“«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’¿“¬„πÀπ÷Ëߪïπ—∫·μà«—π∑’Ëæ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’È„™â∫—ߧ—∫μ“¡‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢ ¥—ßμàÕ‰ªπ’È
(Ò) π‘μ‘∫ÿ§§≈π—ÈπμâÕß®—¥„Àâ¡’À≈—°ª√–°—πμ“¡¡“μ√“ ÒÒ (Ò) „Àâ§√∫∂â«π¿“¬„π√–¬–‡«≈“μ“¡∑’Ë°”Àπ¥„π°Æ°√–∑√«ß´÷ËßμâÕ߉¡à‡°‘π°«à“ “¡ªï
(Ú) ¥”‡π‘π°“√„Àâ∂Ÿ°μâÕßμ“¡¡“μ√“ ÒÒ (Ú) „Àâ§√∫∂â«π¿“¬„π “¡ªïπ—∫·μà«—π∑’Ëæ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’È„™â∫—ߧ—∫
ºŸâ√—∫ πÕßæ√–∫√¡√“™‚Õß°“√æ—πμ”√«®‚∑ ∑—°…‘≥ ™‘π«—μ√
𓬰√—∞¡πμ√’
279
Àπâ“ 21√“™°‘®®“πÿ‡∫°…“ ÚÚ μÿ≈“§¡ ÚıÙ˜‡≈à¡ ÒÚÒ μÕπ摇»… ˆı °
À¡“¬‡Àμÿ :- ‡Àμÿº≈„π°“√ª√–°“»„™âæ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘©∫—∫π’È §◊Õ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°„πªí®®ÿ∫—ππ’È°“√ª√–°Õ∫«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’‰¥â¢¬“¬§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡ÕÕ°‰ªÀ≈“¬¥â“π‰¡à«à“°“√∑”∫—≠™’ °“√ Õ∫∫—≠™’ °“√∫—≠™’∫√‘À“√ °“√«“ß√–∫∫∫—≠™’ °“√∫—≠™’¿“…’Õ“°√°“√»÷°…“·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’°“√∫—≠™’ À√◊Õ∫√‘°“√¥â“πÕ◊Ëπ ÷Ëß¡’§«“¡‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß —¡æ—π∏å°—∫°‘®°√√¡„π∑“ß∏ÿ√°‘®μà“ßÊÕ¬à“ß°«â“ߢ«“ß ¡§«√ à߇ √‘¡„À⺟âª√–°Õ∫«‘™“™’æ∫—≠™’Õ¬Ÿà¿“¬„μâ°“√¥Ÿ·≈¢Õß ¿“«‘™“™’懥’¬«°—π‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ»Ÿπ¬å√«¡·≈– à߇ √‘¡§«“¡‡ªìπªñ°·ºàπ√«¡∑—Èß„À⧫“¡√Ÿâ·≈–æ—≤π“ à߇ √‘¡¡“μ√∞“π°“√ª√–°Õ∫«‘™“™’æ ‡æ◊ËÕ„À⺟âª√–°Õ∫«‘™“™’æ¡’§ÿ≥¿“æ·≈–¡“μ√∞“π·≈–¡’§«“¡°â“«Àπâ“„π«‘™“™’æ μ≈Õ¥®π‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ¡’°“√§«∫§ÿ¡®√√¬“∫√√≥°“√ª√–°Õ∫«‘™“™’æ®÷ß®”‡ªìπμâÕßμ√“æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘π’È
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282
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1
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1.1
1.2 .....................
1.3
( )...................................................................
1.4 ( )..........................
1.5
1.6
( ).....................................................................................
1.7 ....................
1.8 /
1.9 10,000 10,000 15,000
15,000 20,000 20,000 25,000
25,000 30,000 30,000
1.10 / .....................
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Page 3 of 10
2
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5 4 3 2 1
2.1 5 4 3 2 1
2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.5 2.1.6
2.2 5 4 3 2 1
2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5 2.2.6
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Page 4 of 10
2.3 5 4 3 2 1
2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3 2.3.4 2.3.5 2.3.6 2.3.7 2.3.8
2.4 5 4 3 2 1
2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4 2.4.5
2.5 5 4 3 2 1
2.5.1 2.5.2 2.5.3 2.5.4 2.5.5
2.6 5 4 3 2 1
2.6.1 2.6.2 2.6.3 2.6.4 2.6.5
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Page 5 of 10
3
:
5 4 3 2 1
3.1 5 4 3 2 1
3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3
3.2 5 4 3 2 1
3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3
3.3 5 4 3 2 1
3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 3.3.5 3.3.6
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Page 6 of 10
3.4 5 4 3 2 1
3.4.1
3.4.2 3.4.3
3.5 5 4 3 2 1
3.5.1 3.5.2 3.5.3 3.5.4 3.5.5 3.5.6 3.5.7
3.6 5 4 3 2 1
3.6.1
3.6.2
3.6.3 3.6.4
3.7 5 4 3 2 1
3.7.1
3.7.2
3.7.3
295
Page 7 of 10
3.8 5 4 3 2 1
3.8.1
3.8.2 3.8.3
3.9
5 4 3 2 1
3.9.1 3.9.2 3.9.3 3.9.4 3.9.5
3.10 5 4 3 2 1
3.10.1 3.10.2 3.10.3 3.10.4 3.10.5
3.10.6
3.10.7
296
Page 8 of 10
4
:
5 4 3 2 1
4.1 5 4 3 2 1
4.1.1
4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4
4.2 5 4 3 2 1
4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3
4.2.4
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4.3 5 4 3 2 1
4.3.1
4.3.2 4.3.3
4.3.4 4.3.5 4.3.6
4.3.7
4.3.8
4.3.9 4.3.10
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5
:
5.1
......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... 5.2
......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... 5.3
......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................................................................................
299
(Index of Item-Objective Congruence : IOC)
1
(R)
( )
1
2
3
1.1 1 1 1 3 1.00
1.2 1 1 1 3 1.00
1.3 1 1 1 3 1.00
1.4 1 1 1 3 1.00
1.5 1 1 1 3 1.00
1.6
0 1 1 2 0.67
1.7
1 1 1 3 1.00
1.8 1 1 1 3 1.00
1.9 1 1 1 3 1.00
1.10 /
1 1 0 2 0.67
301
2
(R)
( )
1
2
3
2.1
2.1.1
0 1 1 2 0.67
2.1.2
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.1.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.1.4
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.1.5
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.1.6
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.2
2.2.1
0 1 1 2 0.67
2.2.2
0 1 1 2 0.67
2.2.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.2.4
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.2.5
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.2.6
0 1 1 2 0.67
302
(R)
( )
1
2
3
2.3
2.3.1
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.3.2 1 1 1 3 1.00
2.3.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.3.4
1 0 1 2 0.67
2.3.5
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.3.6
0 1 1 2 0.67
2.3.7
1 0 1 2 0.67
2.3.8
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.4
2.4.1
1 0 1 2 0.67
2.4.2
1 0 1 2 0.67
2.4.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.4.4
0 1 1 2 0.67
2.4.5
0 1 1 2 0.67
303
(R)
( )
1
2
3
2.5
2.5.1
1 0 1 2 0.67
2.5.2
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.5.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.5.4
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.5.5
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.6
2.6.1
1 0 1 2 0.67
2.6.2
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.6.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
2.6.4
1 1 0 2 0.67
2.6.5
1 1 1 3 1.00
304
3
(R)
( )
1
2
3
3.1
3.1.1
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.1.2
0 1 1 2 0.67
3.1.3 /
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.2
3.2.1
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.2.2 /
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.2.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.3
3.3.1
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.3.2
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.3.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.3.4
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.3.5
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.3.6
1 1 1 3 1.00
305
(R)
( )
1
2
3
3.4
3.4.1
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.4.2
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.4.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.5
3.5.1
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.5.2
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.5.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.5.4
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.5.5
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.5.6
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.5.7
1 1 1 3 1.00
306
(R)
( )
1
2
3
3.6
3.6.1
0 1 1 2 0.67
3.6.2
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.6.3
1 1 0 2 0.67
3.6.4
0 1 1 2 0.67
3.7
3.7.1
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.7.2
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.7.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.8
3.8.1
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.8.2
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.8.3
0 1 1 2 0.67
307
(R)
( )
1
2
3
3.9
3.9.1
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.9.2 1 1 1 3 1.00
3.9.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.9.4
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.9.5
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.10
3.10.1
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.10.2
0 1 1 2 0.67
3.10.3
1 1 0 2 0.67
3.10.4
0 1 1 2 0.67
3.10.5
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.10.6
1 1 1 3 1.00
3.10.7
1 1 1 3 1.00
308
4
(R)
( )
1
2
3
4.1
4.1.1
1 0 1 2 0.67
4.1.2
1 1 1 3 1.00
4.1.3
1 1 0 2 0.67
4.1.4
1 1 0 2 0.67
4.2
4.2.1
1 1 1 3 1.00
4.2.2
1 1 1 3 1.00
4.2.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
4.2.4
1 1 1 3 1.00
309
(R)
( )
1
2
3
4.3
4.3.1
1 1 1 3 1.00
4.3.2
1 1 1 3 1.00
4.3.3
1 1 1 3 1.00
4.3.4
1 1 1 3 1.00
4.3.5
1 1 1 3 1.00
4.3.6
1 1 1 3 1.00
4.3.7
1 1 1 3 1.00
4.3.8
1 1 1 3 1.00
4.3.9
1 1 1 3 1.00
4.3.10
1 1 1 3 1.00
310
5
(R)
( )
1
2
3 5.1
0 1 1 2 0.67
5.2
0 1 1 2 0.67
5.3
0 1 1 2 0.67
311
/ 1.
1 2 3 4 5 6
0.742 0.643 0.618 0.677 0.645 0.551
0.854
2. 1 2 3 4 5 6
0.409 0.757 0.752 0.728 0.600 0.651
0.851
3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0.571 0.786 0.678 0.429 0.649 0.673 0.418 0.653
0.858
313
/ 4.
1 2 3 4 5
0.412 0.385 0.517 0.664 0.671
0.759
5.
1 2 3 4 5
0.451 0.799 0.615 0.731 0.703
0.845
6. 1 2 3 4 5
0.495 0.749 0.775 0.748 0.638
0.855
314
/
1. 1 2 3
0.841 0.649 0.491
0.789
2. 1 2 3
0.820 0.869 0.782
0.910
3. 1 2 3 4 5 6
0.729 0.767 0.843 0.737 0.866 0.734
0.918
4. 1 2 3
0.823 0.906 0.702
0.903
5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0.577 0.622 0.744 0.634 0.640 0.845 0.658
0.882
315
/ 6.
1 2 3 4
0.676 0.719 0.745 0.691
0.855
7. 1 2 3
0.713 0.633 0.488
0.771
8. 1 2 3
0.835 0.835 0.639
0.878
9.
1 2 3 4 5
0.685 0.736 0.755 0.603 0.593
0.858
10.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0.617 0.605 0.721 0.658 0.631 0.778 0.776
0.885
316
/
1. 1 2 3 4
0.394 0.602 0.602 0.663
0.763
2. 1 2 3 4
0.800 0.720 0.921 0.871
0.924
3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0.679 0.581 0.489 0.704 0.761 0.772 0.809 0.775 0.811 0.610
0.916
317
17 . . 2531
. . 2547 – 2550 ( .)
. . 2550 – 2553 ( . .) ( )
. . 2554 – 2558 ( . .)
. . 2547 ( . . ) . . 2548 ( . . ) . . 2549 ( . . )
. . 2547 – 2550 .
( .)
. . 2550 – 2553 . ( . .)
. . 2554 – 2557 .
( . .)
. . 2549
. . 2553 ( ) 2
. . 2554
. . 2555 . . .
. . 2554 –
318