irt newp juk; 7 ,ytrg; ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf35

“tpujkhdJ kdk;> nghwp top NghfhJ epw;ww; nghUl;L

czit tpLj;NjDk; RUf;fpNaDk; kdk;> thf;F> fhak;

Mf p a %d ; w p d hYk ; ,iwtid nka ; ad ; N g hL

topgLjyhFk;.” vd;W MWKf ehtyu; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shu;.

tpujq;fs; ehs; tpujk;> khj tpujk;> flTSf;Fupa tpujq;fs;

vd tifg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. mt;tpujq;fs; gw;wpAk; mjd;

mk;rq;fisAk; ,q;F fw;Nghk;.

m)m)m)m)m) fpoik tpujq;fs;fpoik tpujq;fs;fpoik tpujq;fs;fpoik tpujq;fs;fpoik tpujq;fs;

01. nts;spf;fpoik tpujk;.nts;spf;fpoik tpujk;.nts;spf;fpoik tpujk;.nts;spf;fpoik tpujk;.nts;spf;fpoik tpujk;.

fpoik tpujq;fspy; nts;spf;fpoik tpujKk; xd;whFk;.

,jid Rf;fputhu tpujk; vdTk; miog;gu;. ,t;tpujk; mk;gpif>

tpehafu;> KUfd; vd;Dk; nja;tq;fSf;fhf mDl;bf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

,t;tpujk; tUlj;jpy; thue;NjhWk; tUk;

nts;spf;fpoikfspy; mDl;bf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. mt;thW mDl;bf;f

,ayhjtu;fs; Ig;grp khjj;jpy; tUk; nts;spf;fpoikfspy;

mDl;bg;gJ rpwg;ghdjhFk;. ,j;jpdq;fspy; mk;gpif> tpehafu;>

KUfd; Myaq;fspy ; r pwg ;ghd G +ir topghLfs;

mDl;bf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

nts;spf;fpoik tpuj ehspy; tPLfspy; J}a;ikiaAk;>

irt czT KiwfisAk; filg;gpbg;gu;. ,t;tpuj ehspy;

Myaq;fSf;Fr; nrd;W tpujk; mDl;bj;J cgthrk; ,Uj;jy;

cj;jkk;. mjw;F ,ayhNjhu; ,utpNy gok; Kjypad

cl;nfhs;syhk;. ,jw;Fk; ,ayhNjhu; xU nghOJ gfypy;

czT cl ;nfhz;L ,t ;t pujj ;ij ,iwgf ;j pAld ;

mDl;bg;gJ mtrpakhFk;.

irtkf;fs; nts;spf;fpoikia tpuj ehshf kl;Lkd;wp

66666 tpujq;fs;tpujq;fs;tpujq;fs;tpujq;fs;tpujq;fs;

irt newp juk; 7 ,ytrg; ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf36

Gdpjkhd ehshfTk; fUjp> ,iwtopghl;bYk;> ew;nray;fspYk;

<LgLtu;. ,e;ehl;fspy; gzf;nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fspy; <LgLjy;

Nghd;wtw;iw jtpu;j;Jf;nfhs;Sk; tof;fKk; fhzg;gLfpwJ.

02.02.02.02.02. nrt;tha;f;fpoik tpujk;.nrt;tha;f;fpoik tpujk;.nrt;tha;f;fpoik tpujk;.nrt;tha;f;fpoik tpujk;.nrt;tha;f;fpoik tpujk;.

ehs; tpujq;fspy; nrt;tha;fpoik tpujKk; xd;whFk;.

Mbr;nrt;tha; “kq;fs thuk;” vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;.

nrt;tha;f;fpoik KUfd;> mk;gpif> itutu;;> tPugj;jpuu;

midtUf;Fk; rpwg;G tha;e;j ehshFk;.

ij khjk; Kjw;nrt;thapy; njhlq;fp nrt;tha;NjhWk;

t p ujk pUf ;fyhk ; . r pwg ; ghf Mbr ;nrt ;tha ; t pujk ;

,t;tpujq;fspy; rpwg;ghdjhf mDl;bf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. xU

nghOJ md;dNkh> ghy;> goNkh cz;L ,iwgf;jpAld;

,t;tpujj;jpid mDl;bf;f Ntz;Lk;.

M) khj tpujq;fs;.M) khj tpujq;fs;.M) khj tpujq;fs;.M) khj tpujq;fs;.M) khj tpujq;fs;.

khje;NjhWk; filg;gpbf;fg;gLk; tpujq;fs; khj

tpujq;fshFk;. ,jd;gb itfhrp tprhfk;> Mdp cj;juk;>

Mbg; G+uk; vd;gd Fwpg;gplj;jf;fd.

01. itfhrp tprhfk;.itfhrp tprhfk;.itfhrp tprhfk;.itfhrp tprhfk;.itfhrp tprhfk;.

itfhrp tprhfk; vd;gJ KUfg; ngUkhd; cjpj;j jpUehNs

MFk;. ,e;ehs; itfhrp tprhf tpujkhf mDl;bf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

rptdpd; new;wpf; fz;zpypUe;J MW xspg;gpok;Gfs; rutzg;

nrt;tha;f;fpoik tpujj;jpid njhlh;r;rpahf

VO nrt ;tha ;f ;f poik mDl ;bg ;gJ

KiwahFk;. ,t;tpujj;jpid Mbkhjk;

Kjy; nrt;thapy; Muk;gpj;J> mk;gpif>

KUfd; MfpNahiu topgLjy; Ntz;Lk;.

KUfd; nrt;tha;f; fpufj;Jf;;Fupatu;;. mjdhy;

mtu ; “mq;fhufd ;” vdTk ;

Nghw;wg;gLfpd;whu;.

irt newp juk; 7 ,ytrg; ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf37

ngha;ifapy ; t Po ;e ;J MWjhkiu kyu ;fspNy MW

Foe;ijfshf cUntLj;jd. mt; MW Foe;ijfisAk;

cikak;khs; xd;whf mizj;J xU nja;tf; Foe;ijahf

MW Kfq;fSk; gd;dpnuz;L iffSk; nfhz;l KUff;

flTshfj; Njhw;Wtpj;jhh;. mt;thW KUfg;ngUkhd; cjpj;j

jpdNk itfhrp tprhfkhFk;. ,f;Foe;ijfis fhu;jpifg;

ngz;fs; tsu;j;jg;gbahy; KUfDf;F fhu;j;jpNfad; vd;Dk;

ngaUk; Vw;glyhapw;W.

,g;Gz;zpa jpdj;jpy; rpwg;ghf KUfd; Myaq;fspYk;

nghJthf kw;iwa Myaq;fspYk; tpN\l mgpN\fk;> G+ir

topghLfs;> tpuj mDl;lhdq;fs; vd;gd ,lk;ngWfpd;wd.

KUfd; cjpj;j ,j;jpdj;jpy; gf;ju;fs; tpujkpUe;J jkf;F

Ntz;batw;iw KUfg;ngUkhdplk; Nfl;Lg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;fpd;wdh;.

vdNt ehKk; KUfg;ngUkhdpd; rf;jpia czh;e;J mtu;

cjpj;j ,j;jpdj;jpy; tpujkpUe;J topgLNthk;.

02.02.02.02.02. Mdp cj;juk;.Mdp cj;juk;.Mdp cj;juk;.Mdp cj;juk;.Mdp cj;juk;.

Mdp khjk; KONtdpw; fhyk; cf;fpukhd fhykhFk;.

gq;Fdp cj;juk; rptngUkhdpd; jpUkzj;jhy; tpN\lk;

ngw;wJ Nghy Mdp cj;juk; rpjk;gu eluh[u; juprdj;jpdhy;

tpN\lk; cw;wjhf fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.

cj;juk; vd;gJ rpk;k> fd;dp uhrpfSs;

cs;s ,uz;L el;rj;jpuq;fSs;s

kz;lyk;. ,t;tpuz;L el;rj;jpuq;fSk;

G+uj;jpy; cs;s ,uz;L el;rj;jpuq;fSk;

Nru;e;J rpwg;gha; mike;J ew;gyd;fisf;

nfhLf;Fk;.

irt newp juk; 7 ,ytrg; ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf38

,j;jpdq;fspy; Myaq;fisAk;> tPLfisAk; Rj;jg;gLj;jpAk;

vz;nza; KOf;F Kjypatw;iwj; jtpu;j;Jk; tpujk; gpbg;gu;;.

,j;jpdq;fspy; ehk; ,iw rpe;jidAld; ,t;tpujj;ijf;

filg;gpbj;J rfy gyd;fisAk; ngWNthk;.

03.03.03.03.03. Mbg; G+uk;.Mbg; G+uk;.Mbg; G+uk;.Mbg; G+uk;.Mbg; G+uk;.

Mb khjk; njl;rzhazfhyj;jpy; Muk;gkhFk;.

mjdhy; kf;fs; cyf tp\aq;fis vy;yhk; Kw;whfj; jtpu;j;J

,iw topghl;Lf;F chpa khjkhf Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpd;wdh;.

Mbg; G+uk; mk;gpif G+g;nga;jpa (UJthd) jpdnkdg;

gutyhff; $wg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jpy; kpf Mokhd nja;tPfj;

jj;JtKk; gpugQ;r gilg;Gj; jj;JtKk; mlq;fpapUf;fpd;wJ.

“G+j;jtNs Gtdk; gjpdhd;ifAk;;” vd;Dk; mgpuhkpg;

gl;lupd; mUl;njhlu;fs; mk;gpif Gtdq;fisg; gilj;jik

f;Fupa mUl;jj;Jtj;jpidf; fhl;Lfpd;wJ.

,t;tpujk ; Mbkhjk; tUk; G+u el;rj ;j puj ;j py ;

mDl;bf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

, ), ), ), ), ) flTSf;Fupa tpujq;fs;.flTSf;Fupa tpujq;fs;.flTSf;Fupa tpujq;fs;.flTSf;Fupa tpujq;fs;.flTSf;Fupa tpujq;fs;.

flTSf;Fupa tpujq;fs; gy tifg;gLfpd;wd. mtw;wpy;

tpehafu; rJu;j;jp> jpUf;fhu;;j;jpif tpujk;> tuyl;Rkp tpujk;

vd;gd Kf;fpakhd tpujq;fshff; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. mit

gw;wpf; fw;Nghk;.

irt newp juk; 7 ,ytrg; ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf39

01.01.01.01.01. tpehaftpehaftpehaftpehaftpehafuuuuu; rJ; rJ; rJ; rJ; rJuuuuu;j;jp;j ;jp;j ;jp;j ;jp;j ;jp

tpehafu; rJu;j;jp tpujk; gw;wp fijnahd;W

cz;L. xU Kiw ehuju; fapiyapy;

xU khq;fdpia rptDf;Ff; nfhLj;jhu;.

rptngUkhd; mk;khq;fdpiaj; jk; kf;fspy;

ahUf;F ,jid mspg;gJ vd gpukNjtiu

Nahrid Nfl;lhu;.

clNd gpukNjtu; KUfg; ngUkhDf;F

mspf;fyhk; vd;W nrhy;y mjidf; Nfl;l

tpehafu; Nfhgq; nfhz;lhu;. ,jidf; fz;l re;jpud; rphpj;jhu;.

tpehafUf;F Nfhgk; te;J “nghpNahu;; Kd;dpiyapy; vd;idr;

rpupj;J gupfhrpj;j cdJ xsp cyfpy; guthjpUf;ff; fltJ” vdr;

re;jpuidr; rgpj;jhu;. mq;fpUe;jtu;;fnsy;yhk; rhgePf;fk;

nra;aNtz;Lnkd;W tpehafg; ngUkhid Ntz;l mtu;

mjw;nfhU gupfhuk; nrhd;dhu;.

Mtzpr; rJu;j;jpad;W re;jpuidg;ghuhky; jd;idr;

rpwg;ghfg; G+rpf;fpd;wtu;fs; jk; mUisg; G+uzkhfg; ngw;Wf;

nfhs;syhk; vdf; $wpdhu;. vdNtjhd; Mtzp khj mkhthir

fopj;J ehd;fhk; ehs; ,t;tpujk; mDl;bf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

tpuj gyd;fs;.tpuj gyd;fs;.tpuj gyd;fs;.tpuj gyd;fs;.tpuj gyd;fs;.

,t;tpujj;ij kpfTk; gf;jpAld; mDl;bg;gtu;fSf;F

rpwe;j fy;tp mwpTk;> njspe;j QhdKk;> rpwe;j nry;tKk;>

gps;isg;NgWk;> Jd;gq;fs; tpyfp ,d;gKk;> fhuparpj;jpAk;

cz;lhFk;> tpf;fpdq;fs; (,ilA+Wfs;) tpyFk;> ngUk;

GfOld; rfyNeha;fSk; ePq;fp tho;thu;fs;.

tpuj kfpik.tpuj kfpik.tpuj kfpik.tpuj kfpik.tpuj kfpik.

FKj Kdptupd; mwpTWj;jypd;gb fhl;by; mQ;Qhjthrk;

nra;J nfhz;bUe;j gQ;r gz;ltu;fs; ,t;tpujj;ij mDl;bj;J

nfsutu;;fis ntd;W jq;fs; ehl;ilg; ngw;wdu;. gfPujd;

Mfha fq;ifia G+kpf;F nfhz;Lte;jJk;> ,uhku; rPijia

kPl;lJk;> jkae;jp esDld; kPz;Lk; ,ize;J nfhz;lJk;

irt newp juk; 7 ,ytrg; ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf40

,t;tpujj;ij mDl;bj;j kfpikapdhNyNa vdf; $wg;gLfpd;wJ.

02.02.02.02.02. jpUf;fhu;j;jpif tpujk;.jpUf;fhu;j;jpif tpujk;.jpUf;fhu;j;jpif tpujk;.jpUf;fhu;j;jpif tpujk;.jpUf;fhu;j;jpif tpujk;.

fhu;j;jpif khjj;J fhu;j;jpif el;rj;jpu jpdj;jpy;

KUfg;ngUkhDf;Fhpa ,t;tpujk; mDl;bf;fg;gLfpwJ.

,e;ehspy; ];QhdQ; nra;J re;jpah te;jdk; nra;J

KUfidj; jpahdpj;J khiyapy; KUfd; Myaq;fspy;

eilngWk; G+irfs;> mgpN\fk;> cw;rtk; vd;gtw;iwj; juprpj;J

,utpy; cgthrk; ,Ue;J kWehs; ghuiz gz;Zjy;

cj;jkkhdJ.

tpuj kfpik.tpuj kfpik.tpuj kfpik.tpuj kfpik.tpuj kfpik.

mk;gpif kfp\hRutjk; nra;jNghJ jtWjyhf

cile;j rptypq;f Njhrj;ij ePf;ff; fhu;j;jpif tpujk;

mDl;bj;jhu;. khgypr;rf;futu;j;jp jd; cly; ntg;gepiy

ePq;f ,t;tpujk; mDl;bj;jhu;. gfPujd; Mfpatu;;fSk; ,t;tpujj;ij

filg;gpbj;J Nkd;ikaile;jdu;;.

irt newp juk; 7 ,ytrg; ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf41

,t;tpujj;jpd; fhy vy;iy KbTWk; NghJ KUfg; ngUkhDf;F

mgpN\fk;> rf];uehk mu;r;rid vd;gd nra;J tpujj;ij

epiwNtw;wyhk;. fhu;j;jpif khjj;jpy; tUk;; fhu;j;jpif

tpujkhdJ jpUf;fhu ;j;jpif vd;w rpwg;Gg; ngaNuhL

mDl;bf;fg;gl;LtUfpd;wJ. ,j;jpdj;jpNyjhd; Fkhuhya jPgk;

vd;Dk; jPgtpoh KUfd; Myaq;fspy; ,lk;ngWtJ

tof;fkhFk;.

03.03.03.03.03. tuyl;Rkp tpujk;.tuyl;Rkp tpujk;.tuyl;Rkp tpujk;.tuyl;Rkp tpujk;.tuyl;Rkp tpujk;.

rf;jp tpujq;fspy; tuyl;Rkp tpujKk; Kf;fpakhdjhff;

fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. khq;fy;aj;ijj; je;J kq;fstho;igj;jUgts;

=yf;\;kp vd;gjdhy; Rkq;fypfs; jq;fs; fztd; ePLop

thoTk;> jq;fs; khq;fy;aj;ijf; fhf;fTk;> fd;dpau;fs;

jq;fSf;F ey;y fztd; fpilf;f Ntz;Lk; vdTk;

,t;tpujj;ij mDl;bf;fpd;wdu;.

,t;tpujk; Mtzp khjg;

G+uizf;F Kjy; nts;spf;

f poikapy ; mDl;bf ;fg ;

gLfpd ;wJ. ,j ;j pdj ;j py ;

jhkiuf; Nfhyj;jpd; kPJ

gr;irauprpahy; epug;gg;gl;l

Fk;gj;ij itj;jy;> kQ;rspy;

Njha ;j ;J xd;gJ

E}ypiofisKbe;J fhg;ig

G+ir Kbtpy ; tyf;ifapy ;

fl;bf; nfhs;sy;> nea;r;rhjk;

gilj;jy; vd;gd eil ngWk;.

ez;gfy; Nghrdk;> ,uT

gyfhuk; cz;zy; ,t;tpuj

mDl;lhdj;Jf;F cupad

MFk;.

irt newp juk; 7 ,ytrg; ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;fhf42

? gapw;rpfs; gapw;rpfs; gapw;rpfs; gapw;rpfs; gapw;rpfs;

gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpil jUf.gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpil jUf.gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpil jUf.gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpil jUf.gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpil jUf.

01) tpujk; vd;why; vd;d?

02) tpujq;fspd; tiffs; vit?

03) khj tpujq;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf?

04) tpehaf tpujq;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf?

\ nraw;ghL. nraw;ghL. nraw;ghL. nraw;ghL. nraw;ghL.

01) khje;NjhWk; mDl;bf;fg;gLk; tpujq;fisg; gl;baw;gLj;jp

tFg;giwapy; fhl;rpg;gLj;Jf.

02) flTSf;Fupa tpujq;fs; gw;wp gj;jpupiffspy; ntsptUk;

jfty;fisr; Nrfupj;J fhl;rpg;gLj;Jf.

03) ePq;fs; mDl;bj;j tpujk; gw;wp Ie;J epkplq;fs; Ngr;R

xd;iw epfo;j;Jf.

& ghlr; RUf;fk;. ghlr; RUf;fk;. ghlr; RUf;fk;. ghlr; RUf;fk;. ghlr; RUf;fk;.

* tpujkhdJ kdk;> nghwptop NghfhJ epw;ww; nghUl;L

czit tpLj;NjDk; RUf;fpNaDk; tpjpg;gb ,iwtid

topgLjyhFk;.

* tpujq;fs; ehs; tpujk;> khj tpujk;> flTSf;Fupa tpujk;

vd tifg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd.