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AGUSTA AB 139 TRAINING MANUAL

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CHAPTER 77 - ENGINE INDICATING

SECTION 77-40 - INTEGRATED ENGINE INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS

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SECTION 77-40

INTEGRATED ENGINE INSTRUMENTSYSTEMS

DESCRIPTION

The Integrated Engine Instrument Sistems include:

the interturbine gas temperature system (ITT)

the gas generator turbine sensor (NG)

the torque sensor (TQ)

the power turbine speed sensor (Nf)

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CAPTIONS

The warning provided in the CAS is as follows:

1 (2) ENG OUT :

when N. 1 (2) engine NG is below 50%; resetsabove 55%.

NOTE If the ECC 1 (2) is faulty, the MAUs detect theengine failure through the NG1 backup signal

whose threshold point is active at NG 55%.

NOTE If the NG1 (2) coming from the EEC 1 (2) is notvalid, the relevant backup analog values is con-sidered.

NOTE When this warning is detected, besides the MWL

activation, the AWG provides the following:

two pairs of tones (700 Hz 1700 Hz repeatedtwice) + ENGINE 1 (2) OUT ENGINE 1 (2) OUT(aural message).

This sequence is transmitted once only. This mes-sage has priority number 2.

1 (2) EEC FAIL :

the N. 1 (2) engine control system is not operatingdue to a critical fault.

NOTE The EEC 1 (2) will revert to MANUAL mode auto-matically with the amber legend MAN in reverse

video displayed on the TQ/PI scales.

The critical fault is latching and the EEC 1 (2) willnot resume engine control in AUTO mode eventhrough signal becomes valid again, unless the

AUTO/MANUAL switch is cycled from AUTO toMANUAL back to AUTO or upon the EEC 1 (2)power reset.

NOTE When this warning is detected, besides the MWL

activation, the AWG shall provide the following:

no tone + WARNING WARNING (aural mes-sage).

This sequence is transmitter once only. This mes-sage has priority number 5.

The caution provided in the CAS message window #1 isas follows:

1 (2) ECL FAIL :

the N. 1 (2) ECL does not respond to its internal builtin test (BIT) or link failure between the trim switchand the electrical motor in the ECL.

1 (2) ECL POS :

the N. 1 (2) ECL is out of FLIGHT position whenAUTO mode selected.

1 (2) ENG MODE SEL :

the N. 1 (2) ENG MOD SEL switch failed.

1 (2) OVSPD :

the N. 1 (2) engine NF overspeed detected.

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1 (2) OVSPD DET :

the N. 1 (2) engine NF overspeed detector failed. 1 (2) ENG LIM EXPIRE :

when for the N. 1 (2) engine, the time for the OEI/OEI TRAINING 2.5 m event class is expired.

1 (2) EAPS PRESS :

when the N. 1 (2) engine air particle separator isfaulty: not opening when the system is set ON or not

closure when the system is set OFF. 1 (2) EEC DATA :

if the EEC 1 (2) link interface (RS-422A) lostbetween the relative EEC and MAUs is lost.

1 (2) ITT LIMITER :

the N. 1 (2) engine ITT limiter failed.

1 (2) TQ LIMITER :

the N. 1 (2) engine torque limiter failed.

RPM SELECT :

the RPM switch for N. 1 engine or N. 2 engine failed.

1 (2) DCU :

when the N. 1 (2) Data Collection Unit is detectedfaulty.

1 (2) NF MISCOMPARE :

when for the N. 1 (2) engine a discrepancy of 3%

between the EEC 1 (2) data and the correspondingbackup analog data exists.

NOTE This caution shall be displayed only if 1 (2) NFbackup >25% or 1 (2) NF EEC >25%.

1 (2) NG MISCOMPARE :

when for the N. 1 (2) engine a discrepancy of 3%between the EEC 1 (2) data and the correspondingbackup analog data exists.

NOTE This caution shall be displayed only if 1 (2) NGbackup >25% or 1 (2) NG EEC >25%.

1 (2) ITT MISCOMPARE :

when for the N. 1 (2) engine a discrepancy of 50Cbetween the EEC 1 (2) data and the correspondingbackup analog data exists.

NOTE This caution shall be displayed only if 1 (2) ITTbackup >100C or 1 (2) ITT EEC >100C.

1 (2) TQ MISCOMPARE :

when for the N. 1 (2) engine a discrepancy of 5%between the EEC 1 (2) data and the correspondingbackup analog data exists.

NOTE This caution shall be displayed only if 1 (2) TQbackup >25% or 1 (2) TQ EEC >25%.

ENG ANALOG FAILURE :

if at least one backup analog data is declaredinvalid:

NR MAU1 or NR MAU2; orNF1 MAU1 or NF2 MAU2; orNG1 MAU1 or NG2 MAU2; or

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ITT1 MAU1 or ITT2 MAU2;

[TQ1 MAU1 (if NF1 MAU1 >25%)] or[TQ2 MAU2 (if NF2 MAU2 >25%)]

1 (2) FUEL FILTER :

when in the associated fuel filter, a clogged situationexists (6 thru 8 psid).

1 (2) FUEL HEATER :

when in the associated fuel system, the fuel temper-ature is above 74C or the fuel temperature is below5C with engine oil temperature above 82C.

NOTE This condition is active if NG 1 (2) is above 60%.

1 (2) FUEL ICING :

when in the associated fuel system, the fuel temper-

ature is below 5C. AVIONIC FAULT :

when the loss of communications to a single MAU isdetected for the EEC1 or EEC2. The maintenancemessage in the CMC is A429/RS422 BUS.

NOTE Like message shall be combined within a singlemessage. For instance 1 - 2 shall be embedded

in the same line of message without any need tohave separated messages, as shown in the fol-lowing example:1-2 ECL FAILThe 1 ECL FAIL, 2 ECL FAIL and 1-2 ECL FAILare all considered part of the same message.

The advisory provided in the CAS message window #1 is

as follows: TQ LIMITER ON :

when the torque limiter is activated.

1 (2) EAPS ON :

when the N. 1 (2) engine air particle separator isoperating or not opening when the system is set ON.

The amber legend displayed on the MFD (Main andCruise pages) and the PFDs as follows:

MAN :

displayed in reverse video on the right/left side ofTQ/PI scales.

FAIL :

displayed in reverse video on the right/left side of tri-ple tachometer (NF) scales.

OEI :

displayed on the right/left side of PI, NG, ITT and TQscales.

OEI TNG :

OEI displayed on the right/left side of PI, NG, ITTand TQ scales, TNG in reverse video on the right/leftside of PI and TQ scales.

2.5 m : displayed steady amber text on black background on

the right/left side of PI scale and between the NGand ITT scales when 2.5 m excursion time isdetected + caution (1/2 ENG LIM 2.5 M);

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displayed blinking red inverse video when the 2.5 m

time is within 10 sec from expiration; displayed steady red inverse video when the 2.5 m

time has expired associated with the 1 (2) ENG. LIM.EXPIRE caution.

The green displayed on the MFD (Main and Cruise pages)and the PFDs as follows:

START :

displayed on the right/left side of NG scales whenstarter is running.

IGN :

displayed on the right/left side of ITT scales whenspark igniters are powered.

IDLE :

displayed on the right/left side of triple tachometer

(NF) scales when the Engine Mode switch is set toIDLE.

NOTE The IDLE legend matches the color of correspondingNF pointer.

ZY :

displayed aside the TQ or ITT scale legend accord-

ing to the load sharing switch position.

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ENGINE INDICATING (SHEET 1 OF 3)

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NOTE If both the EECs data and the corresponding back-up sensor input are not available or invalid, the associatedpointer is removed from the display and amber dashes replace the numerical readouts.

NOTE When a parameter being monitored exceeds the normal range of operation (green band), the color of associ-

ated pointer matches the color of applicable range marking (i.e. amber or red), in order to highlight that partic-ular critical condition.

NOTE The baseline of NG, ITT, TQ and Triple Tachometer indications is green at all times, even when the pointersare amber or red.

NOTE The triple tachometer scale is affected when in OEI / OEI TRAINING mode.

NOTE If the NF sensor fails, the relative pointer is removed and replaced by the amber legend FAIL in reverse video.

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ENGINE OPERATING LIMITS

NOTE:

1. In normal condition the background is black and the numerals green; the digital readout features an inverse videotechnique when an exceedance occurs.When the parameter is in amber or red band / line, the digital display background turns amber or red respectivelyand the numerals are black or white respectively.

2. The ITT indication can be represented in C or % according to the selection on the MFD Pwr Plant submenu.

3. The ITT digital readout displays 0C until ITT exceeds 73C or 10%; or when decreases below 37C or 5%.

4. For backup TQ, the display is 0 if NF < 25%

REF. FUNCTION RANGEDIGITAL READOUT

COLOR MARKINGSNOTE

2 ENG 1 NG digital readout 0 to 110.0% RPM see Note 1

3 ENG 2 NG digital readout 0 to 110.0% RPM see Note 1

4 ENG 1 ITT digital readout 50 to 1200C

0 to 163.0%

see Note 1 - 2 - 3

6 ENG 2 ITT digital readout 50 to 1200C

0 to 163.0%

see Note 1 - 2 - 3

7 ENG 2 TQ digital readout 0 to 200% see Note 1 - 4

8 ENG 2 TQ digital readout 0 to 200% see Note 1 - 4

9 NR digital readout 0 to 120% RPM see Note 1

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NG OPERATING LIMITS (SHEET 1 OF 2)

All Engines Operating (AEO)

One Engine Inoperative (OEI)

REF. FUNCTION RANGEANALOG SCALE

COLOR MARKINGSNOTE

21 ENGINE NG analog scale 102.5 to 110.0% RPM Red band

107.0% RPM Red triangle Transient limit (5 sec)

102.5% RPM Red line Upper limit

100.1 to 102.4% RPM Amber band Take off limit (5 min)55.1 to 100.0% RPM Green band MCP limit

0 to 55% RPM White band


COLOR MARKINGS

NOTE


107.0% RPM Red triangle Transient limit (5 sec)


102.5 to 106.0% RPM Amber band 2.5 min limit

55.1 to 102.4% RPM Green band MCP limit


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NG OPERATING LIMITS (SHEET 2 OF 2)

OEI Training (OEI TNG)


COLOR MARKINGSNOTE


103.3% RPM Red triangle Transient limit (10 sec.)


98.1 to 102.4% RPM Amber band 2.5 min limit55.1 to 98.0% RPM Green band MCP limit


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ITT OPERATING LIMITS (SHEET 1 OF 2)

All Engines Operating (AEO/Autorotation)


REF. FUNCTION RANGE ANALOG SCALE COLOR MARKINGS NOTE

18 ENGINE ITT analog scale 776 to 1176C

(105.6 to 160.0%)

Red band

847C (115.2%) Red triangle Transient limit (5 sec.)

776C (105.6%) Red line Upper limit

736 to 775C

(100.1 to 105.4%)

Amber band Take off limit (5 min.)

368 to 735C(50.1 to 100.0%)

Green band MCP limit

50 to 367C

(00.0 to 50.0%)

Green band


18 ENGINE ITT analog scale 836 to 1176C(113.7 to 160.0%)

Red band

847C (115.2%) Red triangle Transient limit (5 sec)


776 to 835C

(105.5 to 113.6%)

Amber band 2.5 min limit

368 to 775C

(50.1 to 105.4%)


50 to 367C

(00.0 to 50.0%)

Green band

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ITT OPERATING LIMITS (SHEET 2 OF 2)

OEI Traning (OEI TNG)

All Engines Operating (AEO) during START

NOTE The ITT Start scale is displayed on ground only, when at least one engine start input is active.


18 ENGINE ITT analog scale 776 to 1176C

(105.5 to 160.0%)

Red band

787C (107.1%) Red triangle Transient limit (10 sec.)


721 to 775C

(98.1 to 105.4%)

Amber band 2.5 min limit

368 to 720C

(50.1 to 98%)


50 to 367C

(00.0 to 50.0%)

Green band

REF. FUNCTION RANGE ANALOG SCALE COLOR MARKINGS NOTE18 ENGINE ITT analog scale 870 to 1176C

(118.3 to 160.0%)

Red band

1100C (149.6%) Red dot Start limit (2 sec)

870C (118.2%) Red line

-50 to 869C

(0.00 to 118.2%)

Green band

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TQ OPERATING LIMITS (SHEET 1 OF 2)

All Engines Operating (AEO)



COLOR MARKINGSNOTE

15 ENGINE TQ analog scale 111 to130% Red band

121% Red triangle Transient limit (5 sec)

111% Red line Upper limit

101 to 110% Amber band Take off limit (5 min)

0 to 100% Green band MCP limit


COLOR MARKINGSNOTE

15 ENGINE TQ analog scale 161 to180% Red band

176% Red triangle Transient limit (5 sec)

161% Red line Upper limit

141 to 160% Amber band 2.5 min limit

0 to 140% Green band MCP limit

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NR/NF OPERATING LIMITS (SHEET 1 OF 3)

Power-on Condition (AEO)

NOTE At power-up, the MFD displays the AEO mode by default.


COLOR MARKINGSNOTE

11 NR / NF analog scale 111 to 120% RPM Red band

103 to 110% RPM Red band

105% RPM Red triangle

103% RPM Red line Upper limit

102% RPM Amber band Take off limit (5 min)

98 to 101% RPM Green band Normal range

97% RPM Red line Lower limit

81 to 97 % RPM Red band


20 to 80% RPM Red band see Note

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Power-on Condition (OEI and OEI Training)


COLOR MARKINGSNOTE




103% RPM Red line Upper limit102% RPM Amber band Take off limit (5 min)

98 to 101% RPM Green band Normal range

90 to 97% RPM Amber band Cautionary band

89% RPM Red line Lower limit


81 to 89% RPM Red band20 to 80% RPM Red band

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Power-off Condition (Autorotation)


COLOR MARKINGSNOTE



106% RPM Red line Upper limit

95 to 105% RPM Green band Normal range94% RPM Red line Lower limit


81 to 94 % RPM Red band


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POWER INDEX (SHEET 1 OF 3)

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NOTE The amber legend TNG in reverse video is also displayed on the TQ scale (MFD).

NOTE The display of any of the three primary parameters are prioritized as follows, from highest to lowest: TQ, ITT,NG.

NOTE The display of the above information on each engine side occurs independently from each other. For instance,TQ may be limiting the engine 1 and ITT limiting the engine 2.

NOTE When a parameter being monitores exceeds the normal range of operation (green band), the color of associ-ated pointer matches the color of applicable range making (i.e. amber or red), in order to highlight that particu-lar critical condition.

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NOTE In normal condition the background is black and the numerals green; the digital readout features an inversevideo technique when an exceedance occurs.When the parameter is in amber or red band / line, the digital display background turns amber or red respectivelyand the numerals are black or white respectively.


COLOR MARKINGSNOTE

1 / 2 ENGINE CURRENT LIMITING

PARAMETER digital readout

0 to 200% see Note

3 / 7 ENGINE CURRENT LIMITING

PARAMETER legend

NG, ITT, TQ as applicable

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POWER INDEX OPERATING LIMITS

NOTE independently for each engine the display of the above information is inhibited during engine start with the A/Con ground

REF. FUNCTION AEO RANGE OEI RANGE OEI TNG RANGE COLOR MARKINGS

5 CURRENT LIMITING

PARAMETER analog scale

110 to 200 % 177 to 200 % 122 to 200 % Red band

121 % 176 % 121 % Red triangle

111 to 121 % 161 to 176 % 111 to 121 % Red band

101 to 110 % 141 to 160 % 101 to 110 % Amber band

81 to 100 % 113 to 140 % 81 to 100 % Green band



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