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8. Lm thno m bo nc danh v vt qua skim duyt trn mng Internet

Nhiu nc trn thgii ci t nhng chng trnh ngn chn nhng ngi dng Internet trong nc khng c truycp mt strang web v dch vtrn Internet. Cc cng ty, trng hc v thvin cng cng thng sdng nhngphn mm tng tbo vnhn vin, hc sinh v c gica hkhi nhng nguy cm hcho l c nh hngxu. Cc kthut chn thng tin kiu ny tn ti di nhiu dng. Mt schn mt trang web da trn a chIP[1]catrang web , mt skhc a vo danh sch en nhng tn min[2]nht nh hoc tm kim trn ton bnhng kt nikhng c m ha kim tra nhng tkha c bit.

Cho d l kthut lc chn no c sdng, gn nhl lun c cch trnh c chng da vo nhng hthng trunggian, pha bn ngoi quc gia bn, sdng nhng dch vbchn. Vic ny c gi l svt qua skim duyt,hay n gin l vt ro cn[3], v nhng my tnh trung gian gi l cc my y quyn[4](proxy). Nhng my y quyn[4]ny cng c rt nhiu loi. Chng ny bao gm mt phn tho lun ngn gn vmng li hthng my y quyn[4]nc danh v tip l nhng miu tchi tit hn vcc my y quyn vt ro cn[3]v cch thc chng hot ng.

Chai phng php ny u l nhng cch hiu quvt qua nhng blc chn Internet, d phng php u s

thch hp hn nu bn sn sng hi sinh cht tc i li snc danh cho cc hot ng trn Internet ca mnh.Trong trng hp bn bit v tin tng nhng c nhn hay tchc vn hnh hthng my y quyn[4]m bn la chn,hoc tc truy cp cn thit hn l snc danh, th nhng my y quyn[4]vt ro cn[3]stt hn cho bn.

Tnh hung cbn

Mansour v Magda l hai anh em mt t nc ni ting rp. Hc mt trang web c nhn ni hcng bmt cchnc danh nhng xm phm v cc chin dchvnhn quyn nhm tc ng thay i chnh tr. Chnh quyn sti khngthng catrang web ca hbi v n cng kti mt quc gia khc, nhng hlun tm cch xc nh danh tnhca nhng ngi qun trtrang web thng qua cc nh hot ng chnh trkhc. Mansour v magda rt lo ngi rng chnhquyn c ththeo di cc hot ng cp nht ca hv tm ra hl ai. Thm na, hmun chun bcho tnh hungchnh quyn thc tschn trang web cah, khng nhng vn c thtip tc cp nht trang web ng thi cungcp mt hng dn vt ro cn hiu qucho ngi c trong nc c nguy cbchn truy cp vo trang web.

Nhng iu bn c thhc c tchng ny

Lm sao truy cp mt trang web bchn truy cp trong nc

Lm sao trnh mt trang web bn ving thm c thbit c a im ca bn

Lm sao chc chn rng cNh cung cp dch vInternet (ISP) v cquan kim duyt nc bn khng thxc nh c a chtrang web hay dch vInternet m bn ving thm

Tm hiu vkim duyt InternetNghin cu c thc hin bi nhng tchc nhOpenNet Initiative[5]v Reporters Without Borders (RSF) [6]chra rng

rt nhiu quc gia thc hin chn lc ni dung thng tin trn mt lnh vc rng vx hi, chnh trv an ninh quc gia,trong khi t c bn danh sch cthvni dung no blc chn c cng b. Mt lng nhin l nhng ngi tmcch kim sot struy cp Internet ca cng dn nc hstm mi cch kha nhng hthng my y quyn v cctrang web m hcho rng cho php v hng dn mi ngi vt qua cc ro chn trn.

Cho d sm bo vtdo truy cp thng tin c ghi nhn ti Mc 19, Bn Tuyn Ngn vNhn Quyn, slng ccquc gia p dng kim duyt thng tin Internet ngy cng tng nhanh trong vi nm trli y. Do shin din ca viclc chn Internet mrng khp ni trn thgii, cc cng cvt ro chn cng c xy dng, trin khai v phbinv c sdng rng ri bi cc nh hot ng chnh tr, nhng lp trnh vin v cc tnh nguyn vin.

Trc khi khm ph cc cch vt qua skim duyt Internet, trc ht bn cn tm hiu cn bn cch hot ng canhng hthng lc chn ny. lm iu , sc ch khi chng ta xem xt mt m hnh n gin ha skt ni tiInternet ca bn.

Kt ni Internet ca bn

http://opennet.net/http://opennet.net/http://opennet.net/http://opennet.net/http://www.rsf.org/http://www.rsf.org/http://www.rsf.org/http://www.rsf.org/http://www.rsf.org/http://www.rsf.org/http://www.rsf.org/https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Circumventionhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Circumventionhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Circumventionhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Circumventionhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Domain_namehttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Domain_namehttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Domain_namehttps://info.securityinabox.org/vihttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/printpdfhttp://www.rsf.org/http://opennet.net/https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Circumventionhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Circumventionhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Circumventionhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Domain_namehttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#IP_addresshttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/printpdfhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vihttps://info.securityinabox.org/

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on u ca kt ni ti Internet ca bn thng i qua mt Nh cung cp dch vInternet ISP[7]tnh bn, vn phng,trng hc, thvin hay qun caf Internet. Nh cung cp dch vny tip gn cho my tnh ca bn mt a chIP[1],a chny sc cc dch vInternet khc nhau sdng xc nh a chca bn v truyn thng tin nhthinthay cc trang web m bn yu cu. Bt k ai bit a chIP[1]ca bn u c thd ra thnh phni bn ang . Mtscquan chc nng thm ch c thxc nh chnh xc vtr ca bn tnhng thng tin ny.

Nh cung cp dch vInternetca bn sbit ta nh ni bn ang truy cp Internet hoc ng dy in thoino bn ang sdng truy cp Internet qua mt modem.

Qun Internet caf, thvin hay cquansbit bn sdng my tnh no trong mt khong thi gian xcnh cng nhbn c kt ni qua cng hay thit bkhng dy no.

Cc cquan chnh quync thbit nhng thng tin trn, sdng nh hng ca hti nhng n vtrn.

Tip theo, Nh cung cp dch v[7]ca bn sda vo cshtng mng ti quc gia kt ni ngi sdng trongnc, trong c bn, vi phn cn li ca thgii. pha u bn kia ca kt ni, trang web hay dch vInternet mbn truy cp cng c mt tin trnh tng t, nhn a chIP[1]ca ring mnh tNh cung cp dch vISP[7]ti quc gian c lu tr. Thm ch khng cn nhng chi tit kthut cth, m hnh n gin ha ny sc ch cho vic cnnhc nhng cng ckhc nhau cho php bn vt qua nhng blc chn v duy tr tnh nc danh ca mnh trn Internet.

Cc trang web bchn nhthno

truy cp mt trang web bn phi gi a chIP[1]ca trang web cho ISP[7]ca bn v yu cu hkt ni bn viISP[7]ca my chcung cp dch vweb . V nu bn sdng mt kt ni Internet khng blc chn, vic kt ni sc thc hin chnh xc nhvy. Tuy nhin, nu bn mt quc gia c thc hin vic kim duyt Internet, th u tinn si chiu danh sch encha cc trang web bcm quyt nh c thc hin yu cu ca bn hay khng.Trong nhiu trng hp, chnh cc ISP[7]ng vai tr l trung tm ca cquan kim duyt. V thng cc danh sch encha cc tn min[2], dng www.blogger.com thay v cc a chIP[1]. nhiu quc gia cc phn mm lc chn stheodi nhng kt ni ca bn thay v chkha chn mt sa chInternet nht nh. Cc phn mm ny squt ton bnhng yu cu m bn gi v ni dung nhng trang gi ngc li cho bn, d tm nhng tkha nhy cm v a raquyt nh xem c bn nhn c kt quyu cu hay khng.

V lm cho vn thm ti t, mt trang web bchn m bn c thkhng hhay bit. Trong khi mt shthng

chn mt trang web bcm chng c a ra l do ti sao trang web bkim duyt, scn li chhin thnhng thngbo li khng chnh xc, v dnhkhng thtm thy trang web hay a chtrang web khng chnh xc.

Nhn chung, sl n gin nht khi nghin cu mt mt tnh hung xu nht lin quan n skim duyt Internet hn lvic tm hiu chi tit im mnh, yu ca tng kthut lc chn c sdng quc gia bn. Ni cch khc, chng tasgisrng:

Lu thng Internet ca bn bkim duyt theo tkha

Vic lc chn c thc hin trc tip ti cc ISP[7]

Cc trang web blit vo danh sch engm ca chIP[1]mt sa chInternet nht nh. Cc phn mm nysqut ton bnhng yu cu m bn gi v nv tn min[2]ca chng

Bn c thnhn c nhng thng bo khng r rng hay khng chnh xc vl do trang web bchn khng cthhin

Do nhng cng cvt ro cn hiu qunht c thc sdng cho mi phng php chn lc ang sdng, skhng nguy hi g khi a ra nhng gisbi quan nhtrn.

Mansour: vy nu mt ngy p tri no anh khng thtruy cp c vo trang web c nhn ca mnh, nhng bn

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ca anh nc ngoi vn c thvo c bnh thng, th liu c phi l do chnh quyn chn n ri khng?

Magda: Cha hn l nhvy. C mt svn chnh hng ti nhng ngi truy cp trang web ttrong nc. Cngc thdo my tnh ca anh c trc trc g chhin thmt strang web nht nh. Tuy nhin anh ang i ng hngy. Anh cng c ththtruy cp trang web sdng mt scng cvt ro cn. Hu ht nhng cng cny sdng nhng my chy quyn nm nc ngoi nn vic ny cng ging nhl nhbn anh nc ngoi vo thtrang web cho anh vy, chkhc mt iu l anh tthc hin ly vic ny.

Tm hiu cch vt qua skim duytNu bn khng thtruy cp trc tip mt trang web do n bchn bi mt trong nhng phng thc tho lun pha trn,bn scn tm mt cch i vng qua ro cn ny. Mt my chy quyn[4]c bo mt, t ti mt quc gia khng bkim duyt Internet c thcung cp tuyn ng vng ny bng cch ly ni dung cc trang web m bn yu cu vchuyn chng vcho bn. ng gc ISP[7]ca bn, bn n gin l chthhin l c kt ni bo mt vi mt mytnh khng xc nh (chnh l my chy quyn[4]) u trn Internet.

Tt nhin, cquan chnh quyn chuyn trch kim duyt Internet ti quc gia bn (hoc cng ty cung cp cp nht chocc phn mm lc chn do hphn phi) c thbit rng my tnh khng xc nh kia chnh l mt my y quyn[4]gip vt ro chn. Nu iu ny xy ra, a chIP[1]ca n cng sba vo danh sch en[8]v khng thdngc na. Tuy nhin thng mt mt thi gian trc khi cc my y quyn[4]ny bpht hin v bchn, ng thinhng ngi xy dng v cp nht cc cng cvt ro cn ny cng nhn thc rt r vn ny. Hthng chng libng cc sdng mt hay chai phng thc sau:

1. Cc my y quyn nthng kh kh bpht hin. y l mt trong nhng l do quan trng sdng cc myy quyn[4]bo mt v t c nguy cbl. Tuy nhin m ha[9]chl mt phn ca gii php. Nhng ngi iuhnh hthng my y quyn cn phi cn thn khi tit lthng tin vtr cho nhng ngi dng mi nu hmunduy tr n.

2. Cc my y quyn dng mt lnc thc thay thrt nhanh ngay khi chng bchn. Trong trng hp ny,tin trnh thng bo ti ngi dng cch tm cc my y quyn[4]thay thc thkhng thc sc bo mt. Thayvo , cc cng cvt ro chn loi ny thng n gin l phn bcc my y quyn[4]mi trc khi bchn.

Kt qul, khi bn c thsdng mt my y quyn[4]ng tin cy truy cp dch vm bn yu cu, tt cnhng gbn phi lm l gi cc yu cu ca bn cho n v hin thnhng g m n trli bng cc ng dng Internet thch hp.Thng thng, chi tit ca tin trnh ny sc iu khin mt cch tng bi phn mm vt ro chn ci trn hthng ca bn, hay bng cch thay i cc thit t trn trnh duyt hoc trtrnh duyt ca bn ti mt trang web camy y quyn[4]. Mng n danh Tor[10], sc trnh by di y, sdng phng thc thnht. Tip l phn tholun vcc cng cvt ro chn n lv n gin, hai loi ny c cch lm vic hi khc nhau.

Mng n danh v cc my chy quyn cbn

Mng n danh

Mng n danh thng a lung thng tin ca bn i qua nhiu hthng my y quyn[4]bo mt nhm che du vtrhin ti ca bn v nhng a chbn mun truy cp. iu ny c thlm gim ng ktc ti trang web cng nhcc dch vInternet khc. Tuy nhin, vi cng cTor[10]l mt phng tin cng cng ng tin cy c bo mt vt ro chn, iu ny gip bn khng phi lo lng vvic phi t lng tin vo nhng c nhn iu hnh cc my yquyn[4]cng nhnhng trang web bn truy cp. V nhthng l, hy chc chn sdng kt ni c m ha sdng HTTPS [11]ti mt trang web bo mt mi khi bn mun trao i nhng thng tin b mt nhmt khu, thin tdng trnh duyt.

Bn sphi ci t phn mm c thsdng Tor[10], i li bn sc trong tay mt cng ccho php va n danhva c thgip vt ro chn. Mi khi bn kt ni vo mng li Tor, bn la chn mt tuyn ng ngu nhin qua bamy y quyn[4]bo mt Tor[10]. iu ny m bo rng cISP[7]ca bn ln bn thn cc my y quyn[4]u khngbit va chIP[1]ca bn hay a chdch vInternet bn yu cu. Bn c thtm hiu thm nhiu thng tin vcng c

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ny tHng dn sdng Tor.

Thc hnh: Hy bt u vi Hng dn sdng Tor [12]

Mt trong nhng im mnh ca Tor[10]l n khng chlm vic vi trnh duyt m c thsdng vi nhiu ng dngInternet khc. Cc chng trnh qun l thin t, bao gm Mozilla Thunderbird[13], nhng cng cnhn tin qua mngnhPidgin[14]u c thsdng Tor[10]sdng nhng dch vbchn hay n danh vic sdng nhng dch vny.

Nhng my y quyn cbn

C ba cu hi quan trng cn c t ra khi bn la chn mt my y quyn[4]vt ro chn cbn. Thnht, y lmt cng cweb hay n i hi bn phi thay i cc thit t trn my tnh hoc yu cu phi ci t phn mm trnmy ca bn? Thhai l n c bo mt khng? Thba, n thuc vtnhn hay cng cng?

Nhng my y quyn da sdng trnh duyt v cc loi khc

Nhng my y quyn[4]sdng trnh duyt c ll dsdng nht. Chng chyu cu bn dng trnh duyt mtrangweb ca my y quyn[4], nhp a chbchn m bn mun truy cp v nhn mt nt trn mn hnh. Khi , my yquyn[4]shin thnhng ni dung c yu cu ln chnh trang ca n. Bn c thmtip nhng lin kt mt cchbnh thng hoc nhp mt a chmi v trang ca my y quyn[4]nu bn mun xem mt trang khc. Bn khng cnphi ci t bt cphn mm hay thay i bt k thit t no ca trnh duyt, iu khin cho nhng my y quyn[4]sdng trnh duyt:

Dsdng

C thtruy cp tnhng my tnh cng cng, nhnhng qun Internet, ni bn khng c php ci t thmchng trnh hay thay i nhng thit t

San ton hn nu bn lo ngi bbt gi do c phn mm vt ro chn ci t trn my tnh ca bn

Nhng my chy quyn[4]da trn trnh duyt cng c nhiu nhc im. Khng phi lc no chng cng hin thnidung yu cu mt cch chnh xc, nhiu trang ca my y quyn[4]web thng khng hin thc ni dung nhngtrang web phc tp c cha tnh nng to lung m thanh v phim nh. Thm na, cng nhmi my chy quyn[4]khc sbchm li khi lng ngi sdng n tng ln, y sl mt vn i vi nhng my chy quyn[4]datrn trnh duyt cng cng. V tt nhin loi my chy quyn[4]ny chlm vic vi trnh duyt. Bn khng thsdngnhng chng trnh kiu nhphn mm nhn tin qua mng, hay chng trnh qun l thin tpha ngi dng truy cp nhng dch vbchn thng qua mt my chy quyn loi ny. Cui cng, tnh bo mt ca nhng my ch

y quyn dng trnh duyt c bo mt bgii hn do bn thn chng phi sdng v sa i nhng thng tin trvcho bn ttrang web bn yu cu truy cp. Nu khng lm nhvy, mi khi sdng, cc lin kt stkt ni trc tipti a chch thay v qua trang ca my chy quyn[4]. iu ny sc tho lun thm phn tip theo.

Cc dng my chy quyn[4]khc thng yu cu bn ci t mt chng trnh hoc thay i thit t ca trnh duythoc hiu hnh ca bn vi mt a chca my chy quyn[4]bn ngoi. Khi , vi trng hp u tin, chngtrnh c ci t scung cp cc la chn bt v tt cng cthng bo cho trnh duyt ca bn bit l c hay khngsdng cc my y quyn[4]. Nhng chng trnh ny cho php thay i my y quyn[4]mt cch tng trong trnghp mt my bchn, nh cp pha trn. Vi trng hp bn phi tnhp vo a chring ca my y quyn[4]vo trnh duyt hay hiu hnh, bn scn hc cch thay i chng trong trng hp a chny cng bchn hoc trnn qu chm.

Mc d sphc tp hn i cht so vi vic sdng nhng my chy quyn[4]sdng trnh duyt, cng cvt rocn ny c thhin thcc trang c ni dung phc tp mt cch tt hn v thng dng c lu hn trc khi chng trnn qu chm do nhiu ngi dng chung. Hn na, cc loi my chy quyn[4]ph hp sc sdng cho nhiuloi ng dng Internet. V dmy chy quyn[4]HTTP dng cho trnh duyt, My chSOCKS dng cho ng dng thin tv cht, v my chy quyn[4]VPN c thnh tuyn lu thng Internet ca bn trnh bchn.

Cc my chy quyn bo mt v khng bo mt

Khi nim my chy quyn[4]bo mt dng trong chng ny chnhng my chy quyn[4]htrnhng kt nic m ha[9]ti ngui sdng chng. Mt my y quyn[4]khng bo mt vn cho php bn vt qua nhiu loi rochn nhng skhng dng c nu kt ni Internet ca bn bkim sot v qut chn nhng tkha hay a chtrangweb c bit. Khng nn sdng mt my chy quyn khng bo mt truy cp mt trang web bo mt nhtrangchthin thay trang giao dch ngn hng. Nu lm nhvy, bn c thlnhng thng tin b mt m thng lunc bo v. V nh nu phn trc, nhng my chy quyn[4]khng bo mt thng ddng bpht hin vchn bi nhm ngi bo tr cc phn mm v chnh sch lc chn. V trong thc tc nhiu my chbo mt nhanh v

min ph ang hot ng, ngha l cng c t l do chnh ng sdng mt hthng khng bo mt.Bn bit rng mt my chy quyn[4]da trn trnh duyt c thl an ton nu bn truy cp n sdng giao thcHTTPS[15]. Cng ging nhcc dch vmy chthin t, nhng kt ni m ha hay khng m ha sc htr,nn bn cn m bo sdng nhng loi c m ha. V thng th trong trng hp ny bn snhn c nhngcnh bo xc thc bo mt ca trnh duyt trc khi tip tc. iu ny xy ra vi cmy chy quyn[4]Psiphon[16]vPeacefire[17]sc cp di y. Nhng cnh bo dng ny lu rng ai , c thl ISP ca bn hay hacker, c

https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Peacefirehttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Psiphonhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#HTTPShttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Encryptionhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Torhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Pidginhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Thunderbirdhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Torhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/tor-main

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thang kim sot kt ni ca bn ti my chy quyn. Cho d vy, sdng nhng my y quyn[4]bo mt bt kkhi no c thvn l vic nn lm. Tuy nhin sdng nhng hthng vt ro chn kiu ny, bn nn trnh truy cpnhng trang web bo mt, nhp thng tin mt khu v trao i cc thng tin mt trkhi bn xc thc c m nhn dngSSL[11](figureprint) ca hthng ny. thc hin vic ny, bn cn c cch trao i vi ngi qun trmy chyquyn[4]ny.

Phlc Cca Hng dn sdng Psithon[18]hng dn tng bc cthbn v ngi qun trmy chy quyn[4]cn thc hin c thxc thc m nhn dng ca my chy quyn[4].

Bn cng nn trnh truy cp nhng thng tin mt qua my chy quyn[4]da trn web trkhi bn tin tng ngi vnhnh n. Ngay ckhi bn c nhn c nhng cnh bo xc thc hay khng khi sdng nhng my . Khi bn davo mt [my y quyn](/vi/glossary#Proxy cho mc ch vt qua kim duyt, ngi qun trmy sbit c a chIP[1]ca bn v trang web m bn ang truy cp. Quan trng hn l y l mt my chy quyn[4]da trn trnh duyt,mt kvn hnh c c c thkim sot c ton bthng tin truyn gia bn v trang web bn ang truy cp, baogm cni dung trao i thtv mt khu.

Vi nhng my chy quyn[4]khng thuc dng da trn trnh duyt, c thbn nn tm hiu xem chng c htrktni bo mt hay khng. Tt cnhng my y quyn[4]v mng li n danh c khuyn dng trong chng ny uc bo mt.

Cc my chy quyn ring v cng cng

Nhng my chy quyn[4]cng cng chp nhn cc kt ni tbt k ngi dng no, trong khi nhng my y quyn[4]dng ring thng yu cu nhp tn ngi dng v mt khu. D nhng my cng cng c u im r rng l lun c

sn min ph, gisrng chng c thcn sdng c, chng thng dbqu ti rt nhanh chng. V kt qul dnhng hthng y quyn cng cng c thc tnh nng kthut v c duy tr khng thua km g nhng hthngring, chng thng tng i chm. Cc hthng my chy quyn[4]ring thng dng cho cc mc ch kinh doanhhoc do nhng ngi qun trto ring nhng ti khon cho nhng ngi dng m hc mi quan h, c nhn hay xhi. V l do , rt ddng xc nh ng cca nhng ngi vn hnh cc hthng y quyn ring. Tuy nhin, bnkhng nn cho rng my chy quyn[4]dng ring vcbn l ng tin cy hn. Trong qu kh, nhng ng clinhun khin nhiu dch vtrc tuyn tit lthng tin ngi dng ca h.

Nhng hthng my chy quyn[4]n gin, khng c bo mt thng ddng c tm thy bng cng ctmkim vi nhng tkha nhpublic proxy, nhng bn khng nn tin cy nhng hthng c tm ra kiu ny. Nu cth, tt hn hy chn mt hthngmy chy quyn[4]dng ring, c bo mt c vn hnh bi nhng ngi m bntin tng, vc nhn hay qua danh ting ca h, v nhng ngi c trnh kthut m bo bo mt cho hthngca h. Vic c nn dng my chy quyn[4]da trn trnh duyt hay khng ty thuc vo nhu cu v su tin cabn. Bt k khi no bn sdng mt my chy quyn[4]vi mc ch vt qua ro chn, tt nht nn dng trnh duytFirefox[19]c ci t thnh phn mrng Noscript[20], c cp ti Hng dn sdng Firefox[21]. Lm nhvy cthgip bo vbn khi nhng my y quyn[4]gimo hay nhng trang web ctm cch xc nh a chIP[1]thcca bn. Cui cng, nn ghi nhrng ngay cnhng my y quyn[4]c m ha[9]cng khng gip bo mt nhngtrang web khng c bo mt. Bn phi m bo rng mnh sdng mt kt ni HTTPS[15]trc khi gi hoc nhnnhng thng tin b mt.

Nu bn khng thtm c mt cng ty, tchc hay c nhn no c dch vmy chy quyn ng tin, gi thnh tt vc thtruy cp c tnc bn, bn nn xem xt sdng mng li n danh Tor, c trnh by pha trn mcMng n danh Tor.

Nhng hthng y quyn trnh kim duyt chuyndngBn di y trnh by mt scng cv my chy quyn[4]chuyn dng c thgip bn vt qua nhng blc chnInternet. Nhng cng cmi c to ra thng xuyn v nhng cng cang hot ng cng c cp nht lin tc,do vy bn nn truy cp trang web trc tuyn Security in-a-Box, v nhng ngun c cp ti phn c thm[22]bndi bit tm hiu thm.

Psiphon2l mng li my chy quyn tnc danh trn nn web. c thsdng Psiphon2[23], bn cn a chca mt my y quyn v mt ti khon ng nhp (username v password). Bn c thnhn c li mi to ti khonng nhp thng qua mt ngi quen ang sdng Psiphone2. Bn cng c thsdng thng tin mi to ti khon ikm trong cun sch in Hng dn ny. Hy xem thm Hng dn sdng Psiphon[18].

Sesawe Hotspot Shieldl mt hthng y quyn vt ro chn cng cng min ph, c bo mt v khng da trntrnh duyt. c thsdng cng cny, bn cn ti vcng c[24]ny v ci t n.

Cng ty pht trin Hotspot Shield nhn ngun ti trtnhng qung co, do vy bn sthy nhng khung qung coxut hin pha trn ca strnh duyt mi khi bn sdng n duyt nhng trang web khng htrm ha[9]. Mc dkhng c cch no kim chng, cng ty ny thng bo sxa a chIP[1]ca ngi dng cng cny chkhng luhay gi cho nhng n vqung co. Do Hotspot Shieldda vo mt Mng Ring o (VPN) ton bkt ni Internet cabn si qua mt my chy quyn khi c kt ni. iu ny c thhu ch nu bn sdng dch vthin thoc tin nhn qua mng ca nh cung cp bchn ti quc gia bn. C thtm hiu thm vHotspot Shield ti trang

https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#IP_addresshttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Encryptionhttps://sesawe.net/Anchor-Free-Hotspot-Shield.htmlhttps://sesawe.net/Using-psiphon-2.htmlhttp://www.psiphon.ca/https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/chuong_8_5https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/#M?ng_?n_danh_Torhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#HTTPShttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Encryptionhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#IP_addresshttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/firefox-mainhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#NoScripthttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Firefoxhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#IP_addresshttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://sesawe.net/Using-psiphon-2.htmlhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#SSLhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxy

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web AnchorFree[25].

Your-Freedoml mt my chy quyn[4]bo mt, dng ring, v khng da vo trnh duyt. N l mt cng cphnmm min ph[26]c dng truy cp dch vvt ro chn min ph. Bn cng c thtrph sdng dch vnhanh v t bgii hn hn. sdng Your-Freedom[27], bn cn ti vcng c[28]v to mt ti khon[29], ti trangchYour-Freedom[30]. Bn cng cn phi thit t trnh duyt sdng my chy quyn mi khi truy cp Internet. Bnc thtm hiu thm ti trang chDn Sesawe[31].

Peacefireduy tr mt slng ln cc my chy quyn[4]cng cng, sdng trnh duyt, c thc bo mt hockhng bo mt ty thuc vo cch bn sdng chng. Khi sdng my chy quyn[4]Peacefire, bn cn sdng achHTTPS [11]to mt kt ni bo mt ti my ch. Nhng my chmi sc thng bo ti cc thnh vin mtcch nh k. Bn c thng k nhn nhng thng tin cp nht ny ti trang chPeacefire[32].

Mansour: Tuyt vi, vy ISP ca chng ta skhng thbit nhng g chng ta lm nu anh sdng my chy quyn,phi khng?

Magda: Chkhi chng ta sdng mt my chy quyn bo mt, v ti mi ca scnh bo xc thc bo mt. Viu anh ni l ng. Nn ghi nhl mt my chy quyn khng bo mt c thgip anh trnh c hu ht cc rochn, nhng cng cho ISP c thnhm ng kt ni ca anh, bit c nhng trang m anh truy cp.

c thmXem chng Internet Surveillance and Monitoring[33]v Censorship circumvention[34]ca cun Digital Security and

Privacy Manual for Human Rights Defenders[35]

.Trang web Hng dn FLOSS cha cc chdn vTrnh Kim duyt Internet: How to Bypass Internet Censorship[36].Trang chDn Sesawe[37]bao gm danh sch cc cng cvt ro chn v nhng thng tin vvic chn lcInternet.Trang Internet Censorship Wiki[38], vit bi Freerk, vi cc ting Anh, c v Ty ban nha.Citizen Lab va xut bn cun Everyone's guide to by-passing Internet Censorship[39], c dch sang tingMin in, Anh, Php, Nga, Ty ban nha v Ba t.Reporters Without Borders xut bn ln 2 cun Handbook for Bloggers and Cyberdissidents[40], vi ting rp,Min in, Trung quc, Anh, Farsi, Php, Nga, v Ty ban nha.Ethan Zuckerman ti Global Voices Online xut bn cun hng dn hu ch ng bi n danh vi Wordpressv TorAnonymous Blogging with Wordpress and Tor[41].

URL ngun (c tm thy vo ngy 04/11/2015 - 03:15): https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/chuong-8

Cc lin kt:[1] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#IP_address[2] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Domain_name[3] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Circumvention[4] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxy[5] http://opennet.net/[6] http://www.rsf.org/[7] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#ISP[8] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Blacklist[9] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Encryption[10] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Tor[11] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#SSL[12] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/tor-main[13] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Thunderbird[14] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Pidgin[15] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#HTTPS

[16] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Psiphon[17] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Peacefire[18] https://sesawe.net/Using-psiphon-2.html[19] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Firefox[20] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#NoScript[21] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/firefox-main[22] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/chuong_8_5[23] http://www.psiphon.ca/[24] https://sesawe.net/Anchor-Free-Hotspot-Shield.html[25] http://www.hotspotshield.com/[26] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Freeware[27] https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Your-Freedom[28] http://www.your-freedom.net/index.php?id=3[29] http://www.your-freedom.net/index.php?id=170&L=0[30] http://your-freedom.net[31] http://sesawe.net/Using-Your-Freedom.html

[32] http://peacefire.org/[33] http:/ /www.frontlinedefenders.org/manual/en/esecman/chapter2_5.html#2_5d[34] http://www.frontlinedefenders.org/manual/en/esecman/chapter2_6.html[35] http://www.frontlinedefenders.org/manual/en/esecman/[36] http://en.flossmanuals.net/CircumventionTools[37] http://sesawe.net/[38] http://en.cship.org/wiki/Main_Page[39] http://www.civisec.org/sites/securitybkp.ngoinabox.org/themes/civisec/guides/everyone%27s-guide-english.pdf

https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/chuong-8http://advocacy.globalvoicesonline.org/tools/guide/http://www.rsf.org/rubrique.php3?id_rubrique=542http://www.civisec.org/sites/securitybkp.ngoinabox.org/themes/civisec/guides/everyone%27s-guide-english.pdfhttp://en.cship.org/wiki/Main_Pagehttp://sesawe.net/http://en.flossmanuals.net/CircumventionToolshttp://www.frontlinedefenders.org/manual/en/esecman/http://www.frontlinedefenders.org/manual/en/esecman/chapter2_6.htmlhttp://www.frontlinedefenders.org/manual/en/esecman/chapter2_5.html#2_5dhttp://peacefire.org/https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#SSLhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttp://sesawe.net/Using-Your-Freedom.htmlhttp://your-freedom.net/http://www.your-freedom.net/index.php?id=170&L=0http://www.your-freedom.net/index.php?id=3https://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Your-Freedomhttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Freewarehttps://info.securityinabox.org/vi/glossary#Proxyhttp://www.hotspotshield.com/

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[40] http:/ /www.rsf.org/rubrique.php3?id_rubrique=542[41] http://advocacy.globalvoicesonline.org/tools/guide/