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GII THIU V B IU KHIN PLC

1

Vi ti Nghin cu h thng cn bng nh lng

trong nh my sn xut xi mng l ng.

Chng 1 TNG QUAN V CNG TY XI MNG TIN SN H TY

1.1. Gii thiu s lc v cng ty:

Cng ty xi mng Tin Sn tin thn l nh my vi , nm 1995 c s quan

tm ch o ca ng v Nh nc, nh my u t xy xng mt dy chuyn sn

xut xi mng c cng 25Tn/h v a vo hot ng t nm 1996,thit b v dy chuyn

cng ngh ban u c nhp khu hon ton ca Trung Quc,vi tng gi tr u t

ban u l 39 t ng.Sau gn 10 nm hot ng sn xut cho ti nay nh my c

nhiu thay i sa cha nng cp thit b cng nh dy chuyn cng ngh,nhm nng

cao hiu qu kinh t trong qu trnh sn xut, c bit l kt hp cng vi trng i

Hc Cng Nghip Thi Nguyn thit k ci tin v thay th mt s thit b ca dy

chuyn cn bng nh lng.

Vi i ng CBCNV giu kinh nghim a nh my hot ng ngy cng pht trin

i ln,c hiu qu kinh t cao lun t danh hiu l n v i u cho ngnh xi mng

trong khu vc.vi c cu sp xp t chc cn b hp l khng nhng a nh my

hot ng c hiu qu kinh t cao m cn xng danh l n v vng mnh trong cng

tc t chc cng on v on TN ca khu vc.Vi a hnh nh my c xy dng

trn vng t ca x Hng Quang - huyn ng Ho tnh H Ty,khu sn xut t st vi


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ni thun tin cho vic khai thc nguyn liu, vn phng lm vic ca cng ty c

xy dng cch nh my sn xut khong 500m,thun tin cho vic qun l v theo di

x l kp thi nhng vng mc trong qu trnh sn xut, tin cho vic giao dch v

tiu th sn phm cng ty xy dng tt c 3 vn phng i din trn a bn cc

huyn v tnh ln cn trong khu vc.Vi phng chm phn u sn xut v tiu th

150.000 tn xi mng trn nm, trong nhiu nm nh my phi hot ng lin tc ht

cng sut hon thnh mi ch tiu ra, trong thi gian gn y sn phm xi mng

ca nh my sn xut ra khng cung cp cho th trng trong tnh v trong nc,

hng ti cng ty mun u t nng cng sut sn xut ca nh my ln nhm m bo

sn lng cung cp cho th trng tiu th trong nc c bit l th trng trong

tnh H Ty v mt s tnh ln cn.

1.2 Tm hiu v t chc hot ng ca cng ty :

c bit cng ty hot ng sn xut c hiu qu, sn phm sn xut ra c

ngi tiu dng a chung l nh c b my lnh o tt, kt hp vi vic b tr sp

xp cng vic hp l cho tng CBCNV . Qua tm hiu c bit s t chc ca cng

ty nh sau : (Hnh 1.1)


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Hnh 1.1 S t chc cng ty xi mng Tin Sn

1.3.Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut xi mng - Nh my xi mng Tin Sn:

Vi thit k quy trnh cng ngh gm hai dy chuyn hot ng song song vi

nhau nh my sn xut rt c hiu qu, trnh c vic lng ph thi gian v nguyn

vt liu trong qu trnh sn xut, kt hp vi vic ci to thay th mt s thit b trong

dy chuyn, nn hin nay nh my thuc din mt trong nhng nh my sn xut xi

mng hin i ca nc ta. c bit l h thng cn bng nh lng, cng ty kt hp

vi trng i hc cng nghip - Thi Nguyn ci to v thay th h thng cn bng

nh lng, trc y s dng theo nguyn l cp liu rung, thay vo nay c lp

Gim c Ph trach chung

P.Gim c VTVT(QMR)

P.Gim c Ph trach SX

PHNG KTCN

BAN ISO

PHNG VTVT

PHNG TCHC

PHNG VTTK

PHNG KH

PHNG T.PHM

PX C iin

PX Liu

PX L

PX K.thc

PX T.phm


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t h thng cn cp liu t ng iu khin bng bin tn, thit b hin i c m

phng trn my tnh. Di y l s khi dy chuyn sn xut xi mng ca nh my

xi mng Tin SnH Ty (Hnh 1.2):


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H20

L nung s 1+2

Kim tra

H20

Nghin liu s 1 + 2 My ht bi

Phn ly s 1 + 2

Ht th

Kim tra

Si l 6,7,8 My ht bi

ng nht B

Trn m 1+2

V vin 1+2

Kim tra

My ht bi

Kim tra Kim tra

Thch cao Ph gia A

p,np


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Nhp kho

B

Si l 9,10,11 Si l 12,13 My ht bi

Nghin xi s 3+4 My ht bi

H thng cn bng nh lng s 3+4

Phn ly s 3+4

Ht th

Si l 14,15,16 My ht bi ng nht

ng bao

Kim tra D

Kim tra

Kim tra

Kim tra Kim tra


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Hnh 1.2 S khi dy chuyn cng ngh sn xut xi mng Cty xi mng Tin Sn

1.4. Thuyt minh s cng ngh: 1.4.1 Cng on chun b nguyn liu.

Nguyn liu sn xut xi mng ch yu l vi, ngoi ra cn c cc loi ph gia khc nh than, t, qung st, thch cao. Vi iu kin thun li l nguyn liu gn st nh my, sau khi c khai thc c h thng cc bng ti cao su vn chuyn v ni tp kt v c phn loi ( vi en, vi xanh), kim tra cht lng. t cht lng c kch thc gii hn l 350 mm.

t cht lng c a xung cc mng , t cc mng ny, c cc bng ti xch tm a n cc my kp hm thc hin cng on p ln th nht. Sau khi qua cc my kp hm ny th kch thc t kch thc gii hn l 80 mm.

Sau khi qua cng on p ln 1, c h thng bng ti cao su a vo my p ba thc hin cng on p ln 2. Qua khi cng on ny, nguyn liu t kch thc 25 mm v c h thng gu ti xc ln vo cc xilo 1 v 2.

Cc loi ph gia khc th c a t cc ni v v tp kt kho cha ph gia. qua cng on p nh, sy, sng phn loi c c kch c quy nh to iu kin cho my nghin t nng sut sau c vo cc xilo 3v 4.

Ring ph gia thch cao th cng nh nguyn liu ( vi) c my kp hm p nh ri c gu ti xc ln cha trong xilo 5. 1.4.2 Cng on phi v nghin nguyn liu. y l cng on quan trng, quyt nh cht lng sn phm ca cng ngh sn xut xi mng l ng. m nhn cng on quan trng ny chnh l h thng cn bng nh lng iu khin bng my vi tnh. H thng gm 06 b cn bng c t di y cc xilo theo th t t cui bng ti chnh n ming my nghin l : 1, 2, than, qung st, thch cao. Nhim v chnh ca cc cn bng p ng s n nh v lu lng v iu khin lng nguyn liu cp ny sao cho ph hp vi yu cu cng ngh t ra. Nguyn liu t y cc xilo c trt ln mt cc bng ti cn bng qua h thng cp liu. Mi cn bng trong h thng nhn 1 nhim v khc nhau (vn chuyn cc nguyn liu khc nhau vi 1 lu lng khc nhau) nhm mc ch khng ch v iu chnh (tc bng) sao cho lu lng liu nhn c ng vi gi tr t trc theo yu cu cng ngh sn xut vi sai s b hn hoc bng gi tr cho php.


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H thng 06 cn bng nh lng ny nguyn liu ln 1 bng ti cao su v bng ti ny c nhim v vn chuyn nguyn liu ( c phi) vo my ngin bi thc hin nghin thnh bt liu. Cc ht bt liu t tiu chun (v kch thc) s c h thng gu ti xc ln vo c xilo cha, cc ht cha t (c mn > 10% trn sng 4900 l/cm2 ) s c my phn ly a tr li vo u my nghin nghin li. T l phi liu theo nh mc sau:

1: t (29 37%) 2 : t (32 40%) Qung st : 6% Than : 16% t st : 4% Thch cao : 5%

1.4.3 Cng on nung luyn clinke. y cng l 1 trong nhng cng on quyt nh cht lng ca sn phm. Bt liu c ly ra v c ng nht bng h thng rt liu,sau qua h thng my trn m t m 60% ri a vo my v vin kiu sng quay. Nhng vin liu c kch c 6 8 mm s c xung 1 bng ti cao su ri a vo h thng cp liu cho l nung, cc vin liu c cp vo l bng cch ri u tng lp mt v c nung nhit 1500oc sau c rt ra bng h thng my ghi x. Lc ny cc vin liu tr thnh clinke v dnh vo nhau thnh tng tng c kch thc khong 80 100 mm. H thng ghi x s x clinke nng ln bng ti xch tm t ngay di y l v cc tng clinke c a vo my kp hm clinke p nh. Tu theo cht lng clinke tt hay xu m c a vo cha trong cc xilo ring ( sau ny rt ra v phi vi cc lng ph gia khc nhau. 1.4.4 Cng on nghin clinke thnh ximng thnh phm v ng bao xi mng. Clinke sau khi c cc b phn chc nng kim tra cht lng, clinke c h thng cn bng nh lng phi cng vi cc thnh phn m, thch cao, t php c, x bng theo mt t l nht nh, sau c h thng bng ti cao su a vo my nghin bi. Sn phm sau my nghin chnh l xi mng thnh phm. Cc ht xi mng cha t (c mn > 10% trn sng 4900 l/cm2 ) s c my phn ly a tr li vo u my nghin nghin li. Sn phm xi mng t cht lng c vo cc xilo 14, 15, 16. Sau khi ngui th c a vo my ng bao, thnh phm c ng kho kt thc quy trnh sn xut.


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Chng 2 M T H THNG IU KHIN CN BNG PHI LIU

2.1. Khi nim:

Cn bng nh lng l bao gm cc thit b ghp ni vi nhau m thnh, cn

bng nh lng ca nh my sn xut xi mng l cn nh lng bng ti, c dng

cho h thng cn lin tc (lin tc theo ch di hn lp li). Thc hin vic phi liu

mt cch lin tc theo t l yu cu cng ngh t ra.

Trong cc nh my sn xut cng nghip, cc dy chuyn sn xut xi mng, h

thng cn bng nh lng cn p ng s n nh v lu lng liu v iu khin

lng liu cho ph hp vi yu cu, chnh v n ng mt vai tr rt quan trng trong

vic iu phi v hoch nh sn xut, do n quyt nh vo cht lng sn phm,

gp phn vo s thnh cng ca cng ty.

Cn bng nh lng trong nh my sn xut xi mng l cn bng ti, n l thit b

cung cp kiu trng lng vt liu c chuyn tr trn bng ti m tc ca n c

iu chnh nhn c lu lng vt liu ng vi gi tr do ngi vn hnh t trc.

2.2. Cu to ca cn bng nh lng : 1 3 6 7 8 9 4 10 2 5

Hnh 2.1: S cu to cn bng nh lng.


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Cu to ca cn bng nh lng gm cc phn sau:

1: Phu cp liu 2: Cm bin trng lng (Load Cell). 3: Bng truyn. 4: Tang b ng. 5: Bulng c kh. 6: Tang ch ng. 7: Hp s. 8: SenSor o tc . 9: ng c khng ng b (c ni vi bin tn) 10: Cm bin v tr

2.3. T bo cn o trng lng:

L thit b o trng lng trong h thng cn nh lng bao gm 2 loi t bo l

loi SFT (Smat Foree Tran Sduer) v t bo cn Tenzomet.

2.3.1. Nguyn l t bo cn s SFT:

Ti trng cn o Ngng hn ch Dy rung Giao thc truyn tin ni tip

Hnh 2.1: S t bo cn s SFT

B chuyn i

Cm bin nhit

B vi x l N

S S

N


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u o trng lng l ni t ti cn o, n truyn lc tc ng trc tip ca ti ln

mt y dn t trong t trng khng i. N lm thay i sc cng ca dy dn nn

dy dn b dao ng (b rung). S dao ng ca dy dn trong t trng sinh ra sc in

ng cm ng. Sc in ng ny c tc ng cht ch ln ti trng t trn u o.

u cm bin nhit xc nh nhit ca mi trng thc hin vic chnh nh

v cc phn t SFT ph thuc vo rt nhiu vng nhit .

B chuyn i : Chuyn i cc tn hiu o lng t u o thnh dng tn hiu s.

B x l : X l tt c cc tn hiu thu c v cc tn hiu ra bn ngoi theo phng

thc truyn tin ni tip.

Bng thng k mt s loi t bo

Ti nh mc 20kg 30kg 100kg 120kg 200kg 300kg

Ti cc i 30kg 45kg 150kg 180kg 300kg 450kg

Phm vi nhit cho php

-10 60oc -1060oc -1040oc -1060oc -1040oc -1060ocGiao thc truyn tin ni tip vi bn ngoi

RS 422 RS 485

RS 422 RS 485

RS 422 RS 485

RS 422 RS 485

RS 422 RS 485

RS 422 RS485

Nng lng tiu th

1w 1w 1w 1w 1w 1w

Khong ghp ni 500m 500m 500m 500m 500m 500m

phn gii 3,4g 5g 0,0001% 0,0001% 0,0001% 0,0001%


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2.3.2. Nguyn l t bo cn Tenzomet: R-R R +R UN

R+R R-R

Ur Hnh 2.2: S cu t bo cn Tezomet. Nguyn l t bo cn Tenzomet da theo nguyn l cu in tr, trong gi tr in

tr ca cc nhnh cu thay i bi ngoi lc tc ng ln cu. Do nu c mt ngun

cung cp khng i (UN=const) th hai ng cho kia ca cu ta thu c tn hiu thay

i theo ti trng t ln cu. Khi cu cn bng th in p ra Ur=0. Khi cu in tr

thay i vi gi tr R th in p ra s thay i, lc ny in p ra c tnh theo cng

thc.

R ( 2.1) Ur=UN * R Trong : UN - in p ngun cp cho u o

Ur - in p ra ca u o

R - lng in tr thay i bi lc ko trn u o

R - gi tr in tr ban u ca mi nhnh cu.

vi R t l vi khi lng vt liu trn bng cn th thy tn hiu Ura l khuych i nn

sau gi tn hiu ny qua bin i A/D vo b iu khin x l.


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Gi s cp cho u vo cu cn mt in p l UN=10v th c 100kg vt liu trn bng

LoadCell s chuyn thnh 2mv/v tng ng. Lc ny, in p ra ca cu cn s l

Ura=20mv

Bng thng k mt s t bo cn Tenzomet

Ti nh mc 20 30 50 70 100 150 250 300

Ti cc i 150% ti nh mc

Sai s < 0.015%

Phm vi iu chnh -10 40

Ngun cung cp -10 15 2.3.3. Chun b:

Sau khi chnh nh cm bin trng lng th tin hnh chun b cho cn bng cch thc hin chc nng (chun b t ng ). Xc nh s trt ca bng trong lc tr b bng ti rng, b iu khin ghi vo b nh s phn on thc ca bng ti gia 2 ln quay li ca thit b nh v (Belt in dex) v so snh vi phn on ghi trong b nh. Nu c s sai khc tc l c s trt ca bng trn puly truyn ng v b iu khin s bo ng. 2.4. Nguyn l tnh lu lng ca cn bng nh lng:

2.4.1. Nguyn l tnh lu lng:

Cn bng nh lng (cn bng ti) l thit b cung cp liu kiu trng lng.Vt

liu c chuyn tr trn bng ti, m tc ca bng ti c iu chnh nhn c

lu lng t trc khi c nhiu tc ng lin h(liu khng xung u).

Cu cn v c bn bao gm : Mt cm bin trng lng (LoadCell) gn trn gi

mang nhiu con ln. Trng lng ca vt liu trn bng c bn cm bin trng lng

(LoadCell) chuyn i thnh tn hiu in a v b x l tnh ton lu lng.

xc nh lu lng vt liu chuyn ti ni liu th phi xc nh ng thi

vn tc ca bng ti v trng lng ca vt liu trn 1 n v chiu di. Trong tc

ca bng ti c o bng cm bin tc c lin h ng hc vi ng c.

Tc bng ti V (m/s) l tc ca vt liu c truyn ti. Ti ca bng truyn

l trng lng vt liu c truyn ti trn mt n v chiu di

(kg/m).


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Cn bng ti c b phn o trng lng o v b iu khin iu chnh tc

bng ti sao cho im liu, lu lng dng chy liu bng gi tr t do ngi vn

hnh t trc.

B iu khin o ti trng trn bng truyn v iu chnh tc bng m bo lu

lng khng i im liu.

(2.2) Q = * V

Trng lng tng trn bng l lc Fc(N) c o bi h thng cn trng lng v ,

c tnh theo biu thc:

(2.3) gL

FC

2

=

trong : L - chiu di ca cu cn

g - gia tc trng trng (g=9,8 m/s2)

Lc hiu dng Fm(N) do trng lng ca vt liu trn bng ti gy nn:

(2.4) Fm =Fc F0

Trong : F0 l lc o trng lng ca bng ti c con ln v gi cu cn.

Ti trng trn bng truyn c th tnh l:

(2.5) = S * Trong : - khi lng ring ca vt liu (kg/m3) S - tit din ct ngang ca vt liu trn bng (m2)

Do lu lng c th tnh l:

(2.6) Q = gLVFc

gLVFc

**2

2

* =

2.4.2. o trng lng liu trn bng ti:

Trng lng o nh tn hiu ca LoadCell bao gm trng lng ca bng ti v trng

lng vt liu trn bng. V vy o c trng lng ca liu th ta phi tin hnh tr

b (tc l tr i trng lng ca bng ti ).

B iu khin xc nh trng lng ca liu nh tr b t ng cc phn on bng

ti.


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* Nguyn l ca qu trnh tr b nh sau :

Bng ti phi c chia thnh cc phn on xc nh. Trong lc tr b bng ti rng

(khng c liu trn bng) trng lng ca mi on bng c ghi vo b nh. Khi vn

hnh bnh thng cn bng ti trng lng ca mi vt liu trn mi phn on c

xc nh bng cch ly trng lng o c trn on tr i trng lng bng ti

tng ng ghi trong b nh. iu ny m bo cn chnh xc trng lng liu ngay

c khi dng bng ti c dy khng u trn chiu di ca n. Vic iu chnh trng

lng cn phi thc hin ng b vi v tr ca bng (belt index c gn trn bng)

mi bt u thc hin tr b. Khi ngng cn v tr ca bng ti c gi li trong b nh

do ln khi ng tip theo vic tr b c thc hin ngay.

2.5. Khi qut v iu chnh cp liu cho cn bng:

Vic iu chnh cp liu cho bng cn nh lng chnh l iu chnh lu lng liu

cp cho bng cn.

*Thc hin bng 3 phng php:

- Phng php 1: iu chnh cp liu kiu tri

Phng php ny iu chnh cp liu bng tn hiu ca sensr cp liu kiu tri iu

khin 5 thit b cp liu.

V tr ca sensr cp liu theo kiu tri c t pha cui ca ng liu.

- Phng php 2: iu chnh cp liu lin tc.

Phng php ny iu chnh cp liu lin tc cho bng cn nh lng s dng b

iu chnh PID iu chnh cp liu (c th l van cp liu hoc van quay) m bo

cho lng ti trn mt n v chiu di bng ti l khng i. B PID c tc dng iu

chnh nu lu lng th tch ca liu trn bng thay i theo phm vi 15% v b PID

ch hot ng sau khi bng hot ng.

* Nhn xt 2 phng php trn:

Hai phng php trn iu chnh cp liu khc hn nhau v bn cht. Xt v

chnh xc iu chnh th phng php 2 hn hn phng php 1, thi gian iu chnh

nh, thit b cp liu lm vic n nh khng b ngt qung, nhng phm vi iu chnh

khng rng. Phng php 1 n gin hn, phm vi iu khin rng hn v c th dc


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t bi ngi s dng, nhng trong phm vi iu chnh thit b phi lm vic gin on

th nh hng khng tt n tui th ca thit b.

- Phng php 3: iu chnh mc vt liu trong ngn xp:

Phng php iu chnh mc liu trong ngn xp c th coi l s kt hp ca 2

phng php trn : phng php iu chnh gin on v iu chnh lin tc. Phng

php ny tn dng nhng u im v khc phc nhng nhc im ca 2 phng php

trn v c thit k c bit cho cc bng cn nh lng.

2.6 Cu trc ca mt h cn:

2.6.1 Cu to chung ca h cn:

Hnh 2.3. S cu trc ca mt h thng Cu to ca h thng bao gm:

1- Gm 06 h cn liu t 1 cho ti Thch cao .Cc cn ny c kch

thc: chiu di l 3910mm, rng 1250mm, cao 1150mm, chiu rng mt bng 650mm,

tc ca bng 0.51m/s, s cu to nh hnh 1.1, h truyn ng s

dng hai loi ng c l 1.5kw v 0.75kw, tc ca ng c truyn ng u l

: nd : 970 v/p

Hiu sut hp s : 2 : 0,8

T s truyn gia bng rng 1 v 2:

H cn 2

H cn 1

H cn than

H cn qung

H cn t

H cn thch cao

Bng ti chnh


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i = 5,12640 =

2- Bng ti chnh.C thng s k thut nh sau:

- Chiu di tng th ca bng ti:

- Chiu rng :

- Chiu cao :

- Chiu rng mt bng :

- Cng sut ng c truyn ng:

- Tc ng c truyn ng :

- T s truyn ca hp s :

- Vn tc ca bng ti :

Cu trc ca mt h cn trn dy chuyn bao gm 06 h thng cn bng v mt bng ti

chnh, trong qu trnh lm vic 06 cn bng trn s ng thi liu xung bng ti

chnh, ton b phi liu c bng ti chnh vn chuyn vo Sil trn a vo my

nghin.

Chng 3 TNH TON LA CHN H THNG T CHO CN CP THAN

3.1. Hot ng ca cn bng:


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LoadCell Hp gim tc My pht tc c KB

AC P V Hnh 3.1: S cu trc h thng cn bng nh lng. Trong : ng c s dng l ng c khng ng b ba pha r to lng sc, tc ca ng

c o c nh sensr o tc (my ft xung).

S xung pht ra t my pht xung t l vi tc ng c v c a v b iu

khin.

B iu khin (dng vi x l) iu chnh tc ca bng ti v lu lng liu

im liu sao cho tng ng vi gi tr t.

B cm bin trng lng (LoadCell) bin i trng lng nhn c trn bng

thnh tn hiu in a v b khuych i.

iu chnh tc ca ng c bng cch iu chnh tn s cp ngun cho ng c.

3.2. H iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b dng bin tn:

3.2.1. Khi qut v ng c khng ng b:

MY FT

XUNG

B KHUYCH

I

B IU KHIN

Nt

FT M

BIN TN


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ng c khng ng b (KB) c kt cu n gin, d ch to vn hnh n gin an

ton, s dng trc tip t li in xoay chiu 3 pha nn ng c KB c s dng

rng ri trong cng nghip, t cng sut nh n cng sut trung bnh n chim t l ln

so vi ng c khc. Trc y do cc h thng truyn ng ng c KB c iu

chnh tc li chim t l nh do vic iu chnh tc ng c KB kh khn hn

nhiu so vi ng c 1 chiu. Ngy nay do vic pht trin ca cng ngh ch to bn

dn cng sut v k thut tin hc. Nn ng c KB pht trin v dn c xu hng

thay th ng c 1 chiu trong cc h truyn ng.

Khc vi ng c 1 chiu, ng c KB c cu to bi phn cm v phn ng

khng tch bit. T thng ng c cng nh mmen ng c sinh ra ph thuc vo

nhiu tham s. Do vy h iu chnh t ng truyn ng in ng c KB l h iu

chnh nhiu tham s c tnh phi tuyn mnh.

Phng trnh c tmh:

(3.1) M =**

*3 21sRU

Trong :1- l tc gc ca t trng quay

(3.2) 1 = pfn 1*2

vi f1 - l tn s in p ca Stator

p - l s i cc

U1- tr s hiu dng in p pha ca stator

R1- in tr cun dy ca stator R2- in tr rotor quy i v stator

Xnm - in khng ngn mch

S - h s trt ca ng c

(3.3) S =1

1

vi - h s gc ca ng c

phng trnh trn cho ta thy M = f(s) ph thuc vo cc i lng U1,1,R2. Tng ng

vi cc i lng ta c 4 phng php iu chnh in p nh sau:

- Phng php iu chnh mch rotor.


20

- iu chnh in p Stator cp cho ng c.

- iu chnh cng sut trt

- iu chnh cng sut ngun cp cho ng c.

Phng php iu chnh in p stator v iu chnh Rotor p dng ch yu cho vic

iu khin ng c KB 3 pha rotor lng sc trc y rt kh thc hin. Ngy nay do

s pht trin mnh m ca in t cng sut v k thut vi s l m ra c hiu qu

phng php iu khin ng c KB lng sc bng iu khin bin tn, phng php

ny cho php iu chnh tc ng c trong phm vi rng vi chnh xc cao.

Tc ng c c tnh theo cng thc:

(3.4) n1= pf1*60

T cng thc trn cho ta thy vic iu chnh ng c KB ph thuc vo s bin i

tn s li in. khi iu chnh tn s th tc ng c cng thay i theo.

Khi thay i tn s li in cng vi vic b qua in tr dy qun stator, tc l coi

R1=0 th mmen ti hn t cc i :

(3.5) n

n

th XU

XnUM

*23

*55.9

23

1

21

1

21

==

Trong :

(3.6) Xn = 1* Ln (3.7)

nth Lf

PUM**)2(2

*32

12

221

=

t ==nL

Pa*)2(2

32

2

const

(3.8) 21

213

fUaM th =

Biu thc trn cho thy khi tng tn s ngun (f1> f1dm) m gi nguyn U1 th

momen ti hn cc i 21

1~f

M th s gim rt nhiu. Do , khi thay i tn s f1 th nn

thay i ng thi c in p U1 theo mt quy lut nht nh m bo s lm vic

tng ng gia momen ng c v momen ph ti (hay trnh tnh trng ng c b qu


21

dng). Tc l t s gia momen cc i ca ng c v momen ph ti tnh i vi cc

c tnh c l hng s:

(3.9) M

M th= =const

Trng hp tn s gim (f1< f1dm) nu gi nguyn in p U1 th momen v dng

in ng c s tng rt ln. Nn khi gim tn s th phi gim in p theo mt quy

lut nht nh sao cho ng c sinh ra c momen nh trong ch nh mc.

c tnh c khi f1< f1dm vi iu kin t thng = const (hoc gn ng gia 1

1

fU

= const th Mth c gi khng i vng f1< f1d

Hnh 3.2. c tnh c khi thay i tn s ng c khng ng b

3.2.2. M t ng c khng ng b di dng cc i lng vect :

Khi iu chnh tn s KB, thng ko theo iu chnh c in p, dng in hoc

t thng mch stato, do tnh cht phc tp ca qu trnh in t trong KB, nn cc

phng trnh , biu thc phn tch khng s dng trc tip c cho trng hp iu

chnh tn s. thun tin cho vic kho st h thng iu chnh tn s, di y nu ra

phng php nh gi qu trnh in t di dg vect.

Trong ng c KB, t nht c 06 cun dy trn mach t, phng trnh cn bng

in p ca mi cun nh sau:

(3.10) uk = Rkik + dt

kd

0

14 13 112 11

f11

f12

f1 > f1m

f1m

F13

F14

f1 < f1m

M


22

trong ch s k l tn ca dy qun.

Nu coi mch t l tuyn tnh v b qua tn hao st th mmen in t ca ng c

l:

(3.11) M = ik dt

k

n gin trong khi vit, coi ng c c hai cc (p = 1) Xem hnh 3.1, trong

cc ch s bng ch thng a,b,c Ch cc dy qun pha stato, cc ch s bng ch in hoa

A,B,C Ch cc pha rto, gc lch gia dy qun rto v dy qun stato l v th tc s

l o hm ca gc ny.

(3.12) = dt

d T thng mc vng ca cc dy qun

(3.13) k = Lkjij,

trong j cng l ch s ca cc pha dy qun,

Khi j = k c t thng t cm,

j k c t thng h cm,

iu chnh tc ng c KB rto lng sc c nhiu phng php nh :

- iu chnh tc bng b iu pha in p

- iu chnh tc bng b bin tn ngun dng

- iu chnh tc bng b bin tn ngun p

Do c im ca cn bng ny l s dng ng c truyn ng c cng sut nh

di vi kw nn b bin i c dng y l bin tn tranzito,ngun p bin iu b

rng xung.

3.2.3. iu chnh tn s ng c bng bin tn:

Mun iu chnh tc ng c KB bng cch thay i tn s ta phi c mt b

ngun xoay chiu c th iu chnh tn s in p mt cch ng thi thng qua mt

bin tn.

to ra cc b bin tn c U v f thay i c ngi ta thit k ra nhiu loi

bin tn nhng trong n ny ta ch xt n b bin tn ngun p lm vic theo


23

nguyn l iu bin rng xung (PWM - Pulse Width Modulation). B bin tn ny

p ng c yu cu iu chnh, ng thi n cn to ra c in p v dng in

gn ging hnh sin.

Hnh 3.3. S mch lc b bin tn ngun p dng Tranzitor Dng phng php PWM ta c gin in th v in p pha A nh sau:

0 /22

3/2 2

0


24

Hnh 3.4 Phng php PWM

- S bin tn ba pha dng Tranzitor gm:

B nghch lu bin i in p mt chiu t ngun cp thnh in p xoay chiu

c tn s bin i c. in p xoay chiu qua b lc v a vo s cu Tranzitor.

S bin tn Tranzitor ba pha dng 6 Tranzitor cng sut T1 T6 v 6 it T7

T12 u song song ngc vi cc Tranzitor tng ng.

Tn hiu iu khin Vb c a vo baz ca Tranzitor c dng ch nht, chu k

l 2, rng l /2. Khi Vb = 0 --> Tranzitor b kha

Vb = 1 --> Tranzitor m bo ha

Cc Tranzitor c iu khin theo trnh t 1,2,3,4,5,6,1...

Cc tn hiu iu khin lch nhau mt khong bng /3.

3.2.4. Lut iu chnh tn s - in p theo kh nng qu ti:

Khi iu chnh tn s th tr khng, t thng, dng in v.v ca ng c u

thay i, m bo mt s ch tiu iu chnh m khng lm ng c b qu nng th


25

cn phi iu chnh c in p . i vi h thng bin tn ngun p thng c yu cu

gi cho kh nng qu ti v mmen l khng i trong sut di iu chnh tc .

Mmen cc i m ng c sinh ra c chnh l mmen ti hn Mth, kh nng qu ti

v mmen c quy nh bng h s qu ti mmen M.

(3.14) M = M

Mth

Hnh 3.5 Xc nh kh nng qu ti v mmen

Nu b qua in tr ca dy qun stato Rs = 0 th t biu thc mmen in t ca

ng c :

(3.15) M = M.Mth

C th tnh c mmen ti hn nh sau:

(3.16) Mth = LroLs

Lm

22

2

2

2

o

Us

= 2

o

UsK

iu kin gi h s qu ti khng i l:

(3.17) M = M

Mth = Mdm

Mthdm

Thay th (3.16) vo (3.17) v rt gn ta c:

(3.3.18) Us =

dm

Usdm

MthdmM

c tnh c gn ng ca cc my sn xut (ph ti) c th vit nh sau:

m

0m

0 U,f

Mc() Mth Mth M


26

(3.19) Mc = Mm ( dm

)x

32.5. B khuych i tn hiu:

B khuych i s khuych i cc tn hiu nhn c t t bo cn v a v b

iu khin. Tn hiu thu c l ti trng tc thi m t bo cn o c kt hp vi tn

hiu nhn c t my pht xung xc nh khong thi gian (khong thi gian tr)

m on bng i t t bo cn n im x.

Sau khong thi gian tr lu lng ti im x ca cn nh lng l kt qu ca tch

s gia lng ti trn mt n v chiu di ca bng (o c lc i qua t bo cn) vi

tc hin thi ca on bng .

Vic tnh ton v iu chnh sai lch gia lu lng t v lu lng thc do b

iu chnh P trong b iu khin thc hin, b ny s khuych i v trit tiu sai lch

ch tnh. Tn hiu u ra ca b t l P c a n iu khin bin tn ng c

lm cho tc ca ng c truyn ng bng ti thay i sao cho lu lng ti im x

liu tng ng vi lu lng t.

3.2.6. Thng s k thut ca cn:

Di 3910mm

Rng 1250mm

Mt bng: 650mm

Cao 1150mm

Lu lng 40-60T/h

Tc ca bng: 0,5-1ms

3.2.7. Cu trc h thng cung cp in cho h cn:


27

T ng lc ca h cn c ly ngun t t phn phi T 1, trong t c b tr

gm 06 atmat 02 pha u vo n 06 bin tn iu khin tc ng c, u ra ca 06

bin tn c ni qua 06 atmat 03 pha n cc ng c .s nh (hnh 3.6).

3.3. Tnh chn cng sut ng c cho bng cn:


28

3.3.1. S cu trc h truyn ng:

Bnh rng 2 Hp gim tc ng c Bnh rng 1

Hnh 3.7: S cu trc h truyn ng

Cho bit cc thng s:

Tc ng c : nd : 970 v/p

Hiu sut hp s : 2 : 0,8

T s truyn gia bng rng 1 v 2

i = 5,12640 =

Tc ca bng truyn :V=1m/s

Tm tc gc ca ng c:

(3.20) d = 260dn = =14,3*2

60970 102,5 Rad/s

Tc ca bnh rng 2(tc ca puly ch ng) 2 (3.21) 2 = D

V* = =32,0*14,3

1 0,99Rad/s

Trong D l ng knh bnh rng 2 : D=0,32m

Tc ca bnh rng 1 : 1 (3.22) 1 = i* 2 = 1,5*0,99 =1,49 Rad/s T s truyn ca hp s: i1

(3.23) i1 = 8,6849,15,102

1

==d

T s truyn gia puly v ng c:

i1 n2 n


29

(3.24) i2 = 5,10399,05,102

2

==d

2.3.2. Tnh chn cng sut ng c:

(3.25) P1 = 21

1

**VF

Trong 1 l hiu sut bng ti 1=0,8

F1 l lc ca trng lng tng trn bng

(3.26) F1= L*g* L chiu di ca bng L=2,8m

(3.27) = mkgVQ /6,16

1*360060 ==

g- gia tc trng trng g=9,8m/S

(3.28) F1= 2,8*9,8*16,6=455,6 N

(3.29) P1 = 8,7118,0*8,01*6,455 = w

Vy ta chn cng sut cho ng c l 0,75k w

3.4. Tnh chn LoadCell:

Khi c ti chy trn bng th m men lc ca ti trng s c cn bng vi

mmen lc ca i trng v LoadCell.

F0 F2


30

l2 F1 L0 l1 LoadCell

Hnh 3.8: cu trc cu cn bng m men lc Da vo cng thc tnh tng hp momen lc: (3.30) F0L0 = F1L1 + F2L2

Trong : F0 l lc ca ti trng tc ng ln cu cn F1 l lc ca LoadCell F2 l lc ca i trng L0 l khong cch (cnh tay n ) t ti n puly L0 =0,16m l1 l khong cch (cnh tay n) t puly n LoadfCell l1=0,12m l2 l khong cch (cnh tay n ) t i trng n puly, l2=0,20m Suy ra ta c :

(3.31) F0 =0

222111

0

2211 ....L

lamlamL

LFLF +=+

y LoadCell v trng c ni cng vi nhau nn coi a1=a2=1

(3.32) F0 = 1

22001

0

2211 ....l

lmLFmL

lmlm =+ (*)

Trong : m1: L khi lng ca LoadCell m2: L khi lng ca i trng chn loi 8kg Nng sut ca bng l: 60T/h tc truyn l: V=1m/p khi vt liu c truyn ti trn 1 n v chiu di l

(3.33) = mkgVQ /7,16

1*360060000 ==


31

Trng lng tng trn bng l lc F0(N) c o bi h thng cn trng lng v c tnh theo biu thc:

(3.34) g

LF

*2

1

0=

trong L1 - chiu di ca cn g - l gia tc trng trng suy ra :

(3.35) F0= * gL

*2

1 thay vo phng trnh (* )

(3.36) M1= kgl

lmLogL

7412,0

20,0*816,0*8,9*28.07,16***

2*

1

221

=

=

3.5. Tnh chn bin tn: T cng sut ng c ta c c cng sut bin tn nh sau:

theo cng thc:

(3.37) Pbt = 1,5* Pdc = 1.5*0,75 = 1,12kw

Do c tnh ng c c cng sut nh,ti nh nn ta chn bin tn VF - S9 c cng

sut P = 0.75kW.Do hng Toshiba (Nht bn)sn xut.

Vi cc thng s sau:

+ in p : 400v

+ Tn s : 50 Hz

+ Dng in : 2,4A

3.6. Bin tn cng nghip TOSHIBA


32

3.6.1 S mch lc bin tn VF - S9. 0.75 kW

3.6.2. Chc nng cc cc ca mch iu khin

K u Chc nng Cc c Mch bn trong ca bin

Hnh 3.9 Mn hnh hin th v cc phm chc nng

MON

ENT

RUN

STOP

G S/TL1 S/TL2 S/TL3

VF - S93 Ph-200V-0 75Kw

U/T1 U/T2 U/T3

TOSHIBA

MCCB S/L1

T/L3

B lc Mch chnh

U/T1

V/T2

ng c P0 PA PB

Mch iu khin

VF -S9

B phn kt ni h h

FMV Ngun

FMC

Rle pht hi

RC

RY

Tn hiu cho bit tc thp

FL

FL

FL

R

Tn hiu tn

P2

O

Tn hiu dng 4-20mA

F

R

RST

S1

S2

S3

CC

CC

My

+Tn hiu in p 0 10VNm phn th ngoi cc VIA v II

khng c s dng ng thi cng mt lc

PPVIACC VIBFM

PC

Bng iu khin

Hnh 3.10 Mch lc ca bin tn VF - S9


33

hiu cc

vo/ra im v in

tn

F u vo Ngn mch qua F-CC l nguyn nhn quay, m hp gim tc v dng.

Khng c in p

tip im u vo 24Vdc

5mA hoc nh

hn

+24v +5v JB301 4.7K 10K F 15K S3 0.1 3.9K

R u vo Ngn mch qua R-CC l nguyn nhn ng c quay theo chiu thun. Khi mch h, ng c chm dn v dng hn.

RST u vo Ngn mch qua RST_CC. L nguyn nhn nh hng n vic iu chnh khi chc nng bo v bin tn ang hot ng. Ch rng khi bin tn ang hot ng bnh thng th n khng hot ng u n nu c ngn mch qua RST.

S1 u vo Ngn mch qua S1_CC l nguyn nhn tc t trc hot ng



CC im trung tnh

Cc ng th ca mch iu khin.

PP u ra u vo tng t thit lp u ra ngun.

10 Vdc

I u vo Nhiu chc nng chng trnh c u vo l tn hiu tng t. Tiu chun xc lp mc nh u vo 4~20mAdc v 0~50Hz hoc 0-60Hz

4~20mA (tr khng trong: 400)

VIA u vo Nhiu chc nng chng 10Vdc

Ngun bin tn

0.47 0.1

P

+24v

1K

0.115K 150 250 II

VIA 15K

+5v


34

trnh c u vo l tn hiu tng t. Tiu chun xc lp mc nh, u vo 0~10vdc v 0-80Hz

(tr khng trong: 30)

VIB u vo Nhiu chc nng chng trnh c u vo l tn hiu tng t. Tiu chun xc lp mc nh, u vo 0~10vdc v 0-50Hz (60Hz)

10Vdc (tr khng trong: 30)

FM u ra Nhiu chc nng chng trnh c tn hiu tng t. Tiu chun xc lp mc nh: u ra c mt dng c ni vi mt ampemet c t l 1mA hoc volmet o in p 1 chiu 7.5Vdc (10Vdc) c th thay i t 0~20mA bng cch nhy chuyn mch JP302

CC im trung tnh ti u vo v u ra

Cc ng th ca mch iu khin.

P24 u ra u ra ca dng 24Vdc

OUT u ra Nhiu chc nng m cc gp u ra. Nhng thit lp mc nh v cc thng s tiu chun pht hin v cho tc u ra t c tn s ra ca tn hiu.

RC RY

u ra Rle a chc nng c lp trnh ngt in u ra. Cng sut ngt: 250V-2A (cos=1), 30V-1A, 250V-1A (cos=0.4). Nhng thit lp mc nh

VIB 15K +5v

15K 0.1

FMC

JP302 FMV

FM

P24 +24VPTC

OUT

P24

RY


35

v thng s tiu chun s pht hin ra tn hiu v tn s ra c tc thp.

FLA FLB FLC

u ra Rle a chc nng c lp trnh ngt in u ra. Cng sut ngt: 250V-2A (cos=1), 30V-1A, 250V-1A (cos=0.4). Cc cc ny bo cho bit chc nng bo v ca bin tn ang hot ng. Khi chc nng bo v ang hot ng, hai tip im FLA-FLC ng, cn hai tip im FLB-FLC m.

3.6.3. Bn phm v mn hnh hin th

* Loi bin tn s dng

Kiu Hnh dng

Bng mch tu chn, m k thut c bit

V F S 9 - 2 0 0 7 P L - W N A 2 2

* Tn v chc nng

Tn model VF_S9

S pha ngun: 3 pha

in th u vo: 400V

Dung lng ng c tng ng 007: 0.75KW

Bng hot ng

P: iu kin

Chc nng ph: L: nhm A gn lin my lc.

M: tiu chun. Gn lin my lc

Giao din s hc AN: cc m WN: cc m WP: cc dng

Bng mch tu chn, m k thut c bit. A00: m k thut t bit

(00: l s )

FLA

FLB

FLC

RY

+24V


36

n VEC : n sng khi vect cm bin c lnh chy

n RUN : Sng khi bin tn ang hot ng, nhp nhy khi chy t ng gia tc/gim tc hot ng

n MON : Sng khi cch bin tn kim tra

n PRG : Sng khi cch bin tn t thng s

n ECN : Sng khi cch tit kim nng lng hot ng

n phm ln/xung :

n phm ln hoc xung khi n sng cho php vic t tn s hot ng .

n phm RUN : n bo RUN cho php chy

Phm RUN : Khi n bo cho php chy sng th n nt ny bt u hot ng

Phm STOP : Nhn nt ny khi n bo RUN sng s dng my mt cch t t

ENTER : Phm Enter

S : Phm ln

T : Phm xung

n gn lin vi nm phn th

Gn lin vi nm phn th. Khi n gn lin vi nm phn th sng th c th thay i tn s hot ng


37

MON : Phm gim st hin th tn s hot ng, thng s v nguyn nhn li

Charge lamp :

n bo ang c in, cho bin hin ti trong bin tn ang c mt in th cao, khng c m np bng cha u cc khi n ang sng.

Terminal boad cover :

Bng lp cha u cc, lun lun phi ng cht np ny trc khi my hot ng trnh tnh trng ngu nhin chm vo cc u cc.

Conector for common

serial option : Np bng cha mi ni la chn theo th t im chung, ko np ny sang bn phi chn mi ni.

Terminal boad cover lock screws

: Dng c vt kha cht np bng.

3.6.4. Tiu chun kt ni

Ngun cung cp nng lng v kt ni vi ng c

Hinh 3.11 S kt ni dy Ch : Kiu 3 pha 200 0.2; 0.4; 0.75Kw khng c cc ni t c ni t v

ca bin tn

S kt ni cc thit b ngoi vi

VF-S9

Dy ngun c ni vi

R.,S.,T. ng c c

ni vi U,V,W.

R/L1 S/L2 T/L3 U/T1 V/T2 W/T3

E

Ngun cung cp nng

lng ng c

Dy dn

IM

Bin tn R/l1

S/L2

T/L3

U/T1

V/T2

W/T3


38

Hinh 3.12 S kt ni cc thit b ngoi vi Mch chnh

K hiu cc Chc nng ca cc cc

Cc ni t c ni vi v hp ca bin tn

R/L1, S/L2, T/L3

Loi 200v: 1 pha 200 ~240v, 50/60 Hz 3 pha 200 ~230v, 50/60 Hz Loi 400v: 3 pha 380 ~500v, 50/60 Hz Loi 1 pha khng c cc T/L3

U/T1, V/T2, W/T3

Ni vi ng c (phn cng 3 pha)

PA, PB c ni vi cc in tr hm, cc thng s c th thay i nu cn F304, F305, F308

PC y l cc (-) trong mch chnh ca dng mt chiu. im trung tnh ca dng 1 chiu c th ni qua cc PA (in p (+))

PO, PA Hai cc ny c ni vi l phn ng mt chiu (thit b la chn bn ngoi)

3.6.5. Phn mm thuyt minh

3.6.5.1. La chn phng thc iu khin

a. t tn s hot ng gn lin vi nm phn th v chy, dng trn bng hot

ng:

- Cc thng s ci mc nh.

Cu ch

Tip xc in t

u vo

B lc


39

Tiu Chc nng Gi tr lp trnh CNOd Tnh la chn lnh 1 FNOd Cch la chn tn s t

- Hot ng

+ Chy / dng: n phm RUN v STOP trn bng

+ Tn s t: iu chnh v tr ca ci o in th

b. t tn s hot ng v khi ng, dng dng bng hot ng

- Cc thng s ci t

Tiu Chc nng Gi tr lp trnh CNOd Cch la chn lnh 1 FNOd Cch la chn tn s t 1

- Hot ng :

+ Chy / dng: n phm RUN v STOP trn bng

+ Tn s t: t vi cc phm S, T trn bng hot ng + lu gi tn s t vo b nh, n phm ENT

FC v tn s t s chp v ln lt tt.

c. t tn s hot ng dng nm phn th v chy/dng cc tn hiu bn ngoi.

- Trnh t trong vic t tn s

Phm hot ng

Mn hin th

Cch hot ng

0.0 Hin th hot ng ca tn s (hot ng ngng). Khi tiu chun monitor chn F701 th t tn s hot ng l 0

MON AUI Nhn phm MON cho hin th thng s c bn u tin AUI (t gia tc/gim tc)

CNOd n 1 trong 2 phm U,V ti chn CNOd 1 n phm ENTER cho hin th thng s t (t mc


40

nh : 1) 0 Thay i thng s v 0 bng phm U 0

CNOd n phm ENTER ghi li thng s thay i. CNOd v gi tr b thng s lun phin c hin th.

FNOd n 1 trong 2 phm U,V cho la chn FNOd 2 n phm ENTER cho hin th thng s t (t mc

nh : 2) 1 Thay i thng s ln 1 bng phm U 0 FNOd n phm ENTER ghi li thng s va thay i.

FNOd v gi tr b thng s lun phin c hin th.

n phm MON 2 ln quay li hin th cch iu chnh tiu chun.

- Cch khi ng v dng my

1. Khi ng v dng s dng cc phm trn bng hot ng (CNOd:1)

Dng phm RUN v STOP trn bng hot ng v dng ng c.

2. Khi ng v dng ng c bng cch dng cc tn hiu bn ngoi trn bng cc.

Short F v C: Tip tc chy

Open: F v C: chy chm dn v dng Ci t thng s mc nh tiu chun mc ch l dng ng c mt cch t

t. dng c mt cch t t th phi n nh cc chc nng ca cc ST vi mt cc

b khng. Sau chn tn hiu F103: ST, khi dng ng c trng thi nh c m t

hnh trn phi ST-CC h mch th mi dng. Lc ny trn mn hnh ca bin tn s

hin th tn hiu OFF.

ON OFF

Tn s

Dng t t

F-CC F-CC

ST-CC

Tc ng

c

ON OFF

ON OFF


41

+ Ci t tn s

Thit lp tn s bng cch dng nm phn th trn bng mch chnh ca bin tn

(FNOd: 20

t tn s bng cc mc vch trn nm phn th. 3. Chc nng cc cc u vo s

F110: Chn chc nng u vo s t thng s

Lnh Chc nng Dy iu chnh Xc lp mc nh F 110 Hot ng 0..51 (bng 1.1) 0

Thay i chc nng u vo: F 111 : Chn chc nng u vo 1 (F)

F 112 : Chn chc nng u vo 2 (R)

F 113 : Chn chc nng u vo 3 (RST)

F 114 : Chn chc nng u vo 4 (S1)

F 115 : Chn chc nng u vo 5 (S2)

F 116 : Chn chc nng u vo 6 (S3) S dng cc tham s trn gi tn hiu t b iu chnh chng trnh ngoi ti

cc cc iu khin input khc nhau hot ng hoc ci t bin tn. Yu cu tip xc

ca chc nng cc cc u vo c th c la chn t 51 loi. Tnh linh ng c

thit kt gi vo h thng.S ci t cc tip im u vo

Biu tng

cc Tn Chc nng Dy iu chnh

La chn mc nh

- F 110 Chn chc nng u vo s Bng 0 (khng ch nh

Tn s tng cc mc vch cao hn

theo chiu kim ng ht tn s bng

cc mc vch trn nm phn th


42

(11) chc nng)

F F 111 Chn chc nng u vo 1(F) 2 (chy thun)

R F 112 Chn chc nng u vo 2(R) 3 (chy ngc)

RST F 113 Chn chc nng u vo 3(RST) 10 (reset)

S1 F 114 Chn chc nng u vo 4(S1) 6 (t tc 1)



* Phng php ni

+ A tip xc u vo

+ Phng php vi transisto output

Giao din gia chng trnh iu khin v bin tn:

- Khi s hot ng c iu khin bng chng trnh iu khin m cc gp

u ra. Nu chng trnh iu khin tt m bin tn li m. S khc nhau trong ngun

iu khin phn th s l nguyn nhn cc tn hiu sai c gi ti bin tn nh trong s

di. Thc cht ngi ta chun b mt kha lin ng cho b iu khin

chng trnh khng th tt khi bin tn m.

* Thay i chc nng cc cc u ra.

Bin tn Cng tc

S ni

* y l chc nng lm khi cc input v cc ngn mch, s

dng chc nng ny ch r F/R chy hoc t tc hot ng

input

Bin tn PLC

S ni

S hot ng c th c iu khin bng vic kt ni gia u vo v CC (im trung tnh) ti u ra (khng c cng tc tip xc) ca chng trnh. Chc nng ny c dng nh r s hot ng: chy thun, chy ngc hoc t tc hot ng. Tranzitor dng loi 24Vdc/5mA

input

cc


43

F130 : Chn cc u ra 1 (RY-RC)

F131 : Chn cc u ra 2 (OUT)

F132 : Chn cc u ra 3 (FLA/B/C)

Dng cc thng s trn gi cc tn hiu khc nhau t bin tn n cc thit b

bn ngoi. Di 30 chc nng c th c dng ci t cc thng s c bit nh:

RY-RC, OUT, FL (FLA, FLB, FLC) trn bng cc iu khin.

+ Ci t chc nng cc cc u ra

K hiu cc

Tn S truyn t thng

tin

Chc nng Di iu

chnh

M Cng dng

RY-RC F130 0130 Pht hin tn hiu tc thp

4 LOW ON: Tn s u ra bng hoc cao hn gi tr t F100

OUT F131 0131 a ra cc tn hiu v tn s (hon thnh gia tc/gim tc)

6 RCH ON: Tn s u ra trong gii hn (tn s u vo + tn s t F102) OFF: Tn s u ra vt gii hn (tn s u vo + tn s t F102

FL F132 0132 Mt in FL (ngt u ra)

10 FL ON: Khi bin tn ngt OFF: khi bin tn khng ngt.

3. Thit lp thi gian tng tc / gim tc

AU1: T ng tng tc / gim tc

ACC: Thi gian tng tc 1

DEC: Thi gian gim tc 1

* Chc nng:

1. Thi gian tng tc ACC cho php tn s ra ca bin tn c th tng t

0Hz ti tn s cc i FH sau mt khong thi gian.


44

2. Thi gian gim tc dEC cho php tn s ra ca bin tn c th gim t

tn s cc i FH xung 0Hz sau mt khong thi gian.

a. T ng tng tc, gim tc

T ng iu chnh thi gian tng tc v gim tc vi mc ti:

AU 1 = 1 T ng iu chnh thi gian tng tc, gim tc vi dng bin tn

nm trong khong t 1/8 n khong ci t ACC v dEC. N t gi tr ti u c tnh

n khong cho php.

AU 1 = 2 T ng iu chnh ti khong thi gian ngn nht trong khong

120% ca dng bin tn. N l gi tr quan trng t c i vi thi gian tng, gim.

Khi t ng ci t iu chnh thi gian lun lun i thi gian tng gim do

n ph hp vi ti.

i vi phn o cn thi gian tng gim c nh. S dng ch tng gim

bng tay (ACC, dEC)

Ci t thi gian tng gim (ACC.dEC) ph hp vi ti trung bnh cho php ci

t tt nht, ph hp vi s thay i ti.

S dng s hiu ny sau khi kt ni vi ng c.

Tn s Ra Hz

Khi ti nh

0

Thi gian gia tc

Thi gian gim tc

T(s)

Tn s

Khi ti ln

0

Thi gian gia tc

Thi gian gim tc

T(s)

Thi gian gia tc/gim tc gim

Thi gian gia tc/gim tc gim


45

Tng thi gian c th khng hon thnh c nu phn o hot ng trong vng

mch iu chnh. Nu tng thi gian c hon thnh th iu chnh thi gian tng gim

bng tay (AU =1).

Nu gi tr ci t ln hn thi gian gim tc xc nh bng iu kin ti. Chc

nng qu ti dng hoc cng c th lm thi gian tng gim di hn thi gian ci

t. Nu thi gian ci t ln hn c th c mt di dng hoc mt di cng qu ti

i vi phn bo v o ngc.

b. Mmen khi ng

AU2: B t ng mmen

* Chc nng:

T ng thc hin chuyn mch ng thi gia ch iu khin u ra ca bin

tn v ch chy ca ng c b m men ca ng c. Thng s ny b sung cho

vic ci t ch iu khin V/F c bit, v d nh ch iu khin vector.

Ch : Bng biu th bn ti lun tr v gi tr 0 sau khi iu chnh. Nhng gi tr

c c biu th bng bn tri.

1. Khi s dng ch iu khin vector s b c mmen khi ng v tng

chnh xc khi hot ng.

Ci t ch t ng kim sot AU2 l 1 (ch iu khin vector khng c

sensor).

Vic t ch iu khin t ng AU2 1 s cho mmen khi ng cao, iu

ny gip cho ng c c th t c tc ti a t vng tc thp. Nhng thay i

kh nhiu ca tc ng c gy ra do dao ng ti cho my hot ng vi

chnh xc cao. y l c trng quan trng i vi cc loi my nng v cc loi my

vn chuyn khc.

Phng php iu chnh

Cc nt n Bng hin th Hot ng 0:0 Hin th tn s hot ng (khi dng hot ng,

khi m hin th trn chun F7 10 c t 0


46

MON AU 1 Nhn MON hin th thng s c bn u tin AU 1 (t ng tng / gim tc )

S AU 2 Nhn U thay i thng s sang AU2 9t ng b mmen)

ENT 0 0 Bm ENTER hin th ci t thng s S 0 1 Bm U i thng s sang 1 (iu khin

vector khng c sensor + t ng iu chnh) ENT 1AU2 Bm ENTER lu thng s thay i AU2

v cc thng s c hin th thay. Lu 1: iu khin V/F chn Pht trin 3 cho cng kt qu F400 (t ng iu

chnh) c t 2.

Lu 2: t AU2 1 v t t chng trnh Pht trin 3

Nu iu khin vector khng t c. Xem hng dn v iu khin vector mc

5, 12, 6.

AU2 (ch b mmen t ng) v pht trin (ch chn m iu khin).

Ch tng mmen t ng l thng s t ch chn m iu khin v ch

t iu chnh (F400). l nguyn nhn lm cho tt c nhng thng s c lin quan

n AU2 t ng thay i khi ch AU2 b thay i.

Cc thng s chng trnh t ng

AU2 Pt F400

0 Hin th 0 sau khi ci t - Kim tra gi tr ca Pht trin (nu AU2 khng i, n s v 0 (V/F l hng s)

-

1 Ch iu khin vector khng c sensor + t ng iu chnh

3 iu khin vector khng c sensor

Hon thnh ch t iu chnh

* B mmen bng tay (iu khin V/F khng i)

Nh thit k ci t mc nh ch iu khin ny cho bin tn VF-S9.


47

t mmen khng i ph hp vi bng ti. N cng c p dng b mmen

khi ng bng tay.

Nu ch iu khin V/F khng i c ci t sau khi AU2 thay i th chn

m iu khin V/F 0

Ch :

1. Nu mun tng mmen hn na phi nng ch ci gi tr bng tay.

2. Chn ch iu khin V/F 1 (mmen bin thin) l cch ci t hiu qu

nht i vi ti cc thit b nh qut v bm.

c. Ci t thng s bng phng php hot ng

AU4: Thit lp chc nng t ng

Chc nng: T ng iu khin cc thng s (cc thng s c m t di) c lin

quan n cc chc nng bng cch chn phng php vn hnh ca bin tn.

Tn Chc nng Di iu chnh Ci t mc nh AU4 Ci t t ng 0: khng cho php

1: Dng t t 2: Vn hnh 3 dy 3: Ci UP/DOWN cho u vo 4: Hot ng vi u vo c dng 4- 20mA

0

Cc chc nng v gi tr ca thng s c iu khin t ng

Ci t mc nh 1: Dng t t 2: Vn hnh 3

dy

Ci UP/DOWN

cho u vo

Hot ng vi u vo c dng 4-

20mA FNOd 2: Nm

phn th 2: Nm phn th 2: nm

phn th 1: Bng hot ng

0: Bng cc

CNOd 1: Bng hot ng

0: Bng cc 0: Bng cc

0: Bng cc 0: Bng cc

F111(F) 2:F 2:F 2:F 2:F 2:F


48

F112(R) 3:R 3:R 3:R 3:R 3:R

F113(RST)

10:RST 10:RST 10:RST 10:RST 10:RST

F114(S1) 6:SS1 6:SS1 6:SS1 41:UP 6:SS1

F115(S2) 7:SS2 7:SS2 7:SS2 42:DOWN 38:FCHG

F116(S3) 8:SS3 1:ST 49:HD 43:CLR 1:ST

F103(ST) 1: lun hot ng

0: kch hot bng cch chuyn ch ST sang ch hot ng

1: lun hot ng

1: lun hot ng

0: kch hot bng cch chuyn ch ST sang ch hot ng

F200 0:VIA/II 0:VIA/II 0:VIA/II 3:UP/DOWN 0:VIA/II

F201 - - - - 20%

F202 - - - - -

F203 - - - - -

F204 - - - - -

F210 - - - 1 -

F211 - - - 0.1Hz -

F212 - - - 1 -

F213 - - - 0.1Hz -

Khng thay i (AU4 : 0 ): Cc cc v thng s vo c t theo tiu chun

ni sn xut. Ch dng t t (AU4 : 1): Vic t ch dng t t ST (tn hiu ch) c

ch nh cho cc S3 v qu trnh vn hnh c iu khin bi nt ON v OFF ca cc

S3.

Ch vn hnh 3 dy ( AU4 : 2): c vn hnh bng mt nt n nhanh HD

(ch gi hot ng) c ch nh cho cc S3. Ch t gi hot ng c xc lp

trong bin tn bng cch ni cng tc dng vi cc S3 v ni cng tc chy vi cc F

hoc cc R.

Ch ci UP/DOWN cho u vo (AU4:3): cho php t tn s u vo t mt

im tip xc bn ngoi. C th p dng thay i tn s nhiu v tr khc nhau. UP


49

(tn hiu tng tn s u vo t tip im bn ngoi) c ch nh cho cc S1 v

DOWN (tn hiu gim tn s u vo t tip im bn ngoi) c ch nh cho cc S2,

CLR (tn hiu xa ch UP/DOWN tn s u vo t mt tip im bn ngoi) c

ch nh cho S3.

Ch vn hnh dng dng in vo 4-20mA (AU4:4): c s dng t tn

s vo bng dng 4-20mA, ngi ta hay dng lnh vo FCHG (chuyn i theo lnh tn

s) v ST (cc ch) tng ng vi cc cc S2 v S3. iu khin t xa bng tay (bng cc

lnh tn s khc nhau) c th c chuyn i sang cc S2. Cc S3 c th c dng

dng my t t.

d. Chn ch vn hnh

CNOd : Chn m lnh

FNOd : Chn m t tn s

Chc nng:

Cc thng s ny thng c s dng ch vn hnh v ch t tn s

t lnh cho bin tn (t bng hot ng hoc cc)

* Chn m lnh:

- Gi tr t:

+ Ch vn hnh t bng cc chn m 0: k hiu ON OFF cho bit ch

chy v dng ca my.

+ Ch vn hnh t bng hot ng chn m 1

+ Nhn nt RUN STOP trn bng hot ng chy v dng chng trnh

+ Thc hin ch chy v dng chng trnh khi s dng bng ph (m rng)

C hai loi chc nng: Chc nng tng thch vi lnh LNOd v chc nng ch

tng ng vi lnh t bng cc (xem bng 11 chn cc cc chc nng).

* Chn m t tn s:

- Gi tr t:


50

+ Ch vn hnh t bng cc chn m 0: Cc lnh t tn s c a vo

bng cc tn hiu ngoi. (cc VIA/VIB: 0-10Vdc hoc cc II: 4-20mAdc).

+ Ch vn hnh t bng hot ng chn m 1: nhn phm S hoc phm T trn bng hot ng hoc trn bng ph t tn s.

+ Dng nm phn th chn chn m 2: nm phn th trong bin tn c s dng

t tn s. Quay vch theo chiu kim ng h tng tn s.

* Cho d ch chn m lnh CNOd v ch chn m t tn s FNOd c

t cho u vo bt k gi tr no th chc nng ca cc cc c a ra di vn

lun trng thi hot ng.

- Cc t li tn s (ci t mc nh: RST, ch ph hp trong trng hp ang

vn hnh).

- Cc ch (iu khin chc nng cc u vo chng trnh)

- Cc dng hot ng ca u vo (iu khin chc nng cc u vo chng

trnh).

* thay i ch chn m lnh CNOd v ch chn m t tn s FNOd,

trc tin phi dng my tm thi (c th thay i trong khi my ang hot ng nu

F600 c t 2

e. La chn chiu chy thun v ngc

Fr chn chiu chy thun v ngc

Chc nng:

t chiu quay trong qu trnh chy v dng s dng phm RUN v STOP trn

bng hot ng. Ch c gi tr khi CNOd (m lnh) c t 1

Thng s ci t

Tn Chc nng Di iu chnh Ci t mc nh

Fr Chn chy thun / ngc 0: Chy thun 1: Chy ngc

0

* Kim tra chiu quay trn mn hnh


51

Fr-F : Chy thun

Fr-r : Chy ngc

Khi u cui F v r c s dng chuyn mch gia chy thun / ngc t

bng cc, chn Fr chy thun / ngc

f. Tn s cc i (FH)

Chc nng:

1. t chng trnh cho khong tn s u ra bi bin tn (cc gi tr u ra cc

i)

2. Tn s ny c dng lm tham chiu cho thi gian tng / gim tc. Chc nng ny quyt nh gi tr cc i lin quan ti mc ng c v ti

Tn s cc i khng th c iu chnh khi ang hot ng. iu chnh

trc ht phi dng bin tn.

Nu FH tng, chnh gii hn trn ca tn s UL nu cn:

* Ci t thng s: Tn Chc nng Mc iu chnh Ci t mc nh FH Tn s cc i 30 400Hz 80.0

g. Gii hn tn s cao tn s thp

UL : Tn s gii hn cao

LL : Tn s gii hn thp

100% Tn hiu t tn s (%)

Hz80Hz

60Hz

0

FH=80Hz

FH=60Hz


52

* Chc nng: t tn s gii hn thp quyt dnh gii hn thp ca tn s u ra

v tn s gii hn cao quyt nh gii hn cao ca tn s cao.

Ci t thng s:

Tn Chc nng Di iu chnh iu chnh sau ci t

VL LL

Gi tr tn s cao Gi tr tn s thp

0.5F-H (Hz) 0.0 UL (Hz)

50 or 60 0,0

Gi tr ci t ph thuc vo phn di ca cc dng AN, WN: 60Hz, WP:50Hz h. Tn s c bn

* Chc nng:

t tn s c bn ph hp vi trng lng hoc tn s ca ng c

Lu : y l thng s quan trng quyt nh vng kim sot mmen u

Gi tr ci t ph thuc vo phn ui ca dng AN, WN: 60Hz, WP:50Hz

i. iu khin bng tay

100% 0

FH

UL

100% 0

FH

LL

Tn s ra Hz

Tn s inp c bn

F 306

0


53

Ub tng lc

Chc nng: Nu mmen khng chy my tc thp, phi tng mmen

bng cch tng t l quay ca mmen bng thng s ny

Tn Chc nng Khong iu chnh Ci t Ub Tng mmen 1 0 30% Theo loi

C hiu lc vi cc ci t mc nh tiu chun

Pht trin = 0 (V/F u) v 1 (lc xon a dng)

Lu 1: Gi tr ti u c t cho dung lng mi bin tn. Khng c tng t

l momen quay ln qu cao, v nh vy s gy ra s tng t ngt v dng in im

khi ng. Nu mun thay i cc gi tr ci t, phi gi cc gi tr trong phm

vi +2% ca cc gi tr mc nh tiu chun.

k. t mc nhit ca in

- Chc nng: Chn c tnh ngn nhit in ph hp vi cc gi tr ca ng c.

y l cc thng s nh cc thng s m rng F600. Cc gi tr c ci t s c

gi nguyn d cc thng s khc thay i.

Ci t thng s:

Tn Chc nng Khong iu chnh Ci mc nh

Gi tr ci

Ngn qu ti

Ngn ngt t ngt

Tn s ra Hz

Tn s inp c bn

F 306

0


54

OLN

Chn c tnh ngn nhit in

0 ng c

tiu chun

0 x

0

1 0 0 2 x x 3 x 0 4

ng c VF

0 x 5 0 0 6 x x 7 x 0

F600 Ngn nhit in ng c mc 1 10 ~100% 100

Ch bo v bng nhit in t c s dng cho php hoc khng cho php

ng c chy qu ti v dng qu ti. Khi thng bo qu ti, bin tn ang hot ng

khng i th c th dng thng s OLN thng bo qu ti.

Gii thch thut ng:

- Dng qu ti: Khi bin tn pht hin c hin tng qu ti, chc nng ny t

ng gim tn s ra trc khi thng bo qu ti ca ng c OL2 c kch hot. Chc

nng gim t t cho php ng c chy tn s dng ti cn bng m khng hin ln

thng bo. y l chc nng quan trng cho cc thit b nh qut, bm v thit b thi

gi c tc momen thay i, dng ti gim khi tc vn hnh gim.

+ Ch : Khng c s dng ch gim ti vi nhng ti c tc momen

khng i (nh bng truyn c dng ti c nh, khng thay i tc ).

S dng cc ng c tiu chun (thay v cc ng c c s dng vi bin tn)

Khi mt ng c c s dng vng tn s thp hn vi tn s ci, iu s

lm gim hiu qa lm mt cho ng c. Khi ng c tiu chun c s dng ngn

hin tng qu nhit, n s lm tng tc ban u ca qu trnh pht hin qu ti.

Ci t chng nhit ng c in t cp 1

Nu cng sut ca ng c nh hn cng sut b o ngc hoc dng chun ca

ng c nh hn dng chun ca b o ngc, iu chnh ci t chng nhit ng c

in t cp 1 ph hp dng chun. [%]/[A]


55

Phm hot

ng Mn LED Hot ng

0.0 Hin th tn s hot ng (trong khi dng) (Khi mn tiu chun hin th la chn F710 c ci t 0 (tn s hot ng)

MON AUI Nhn phm MON hin th tham s c bn u tin AUI (t ng tng gim)

S T 100 Nhn phm U hoc V chuyn i thng s ENT 417 Nhn phm ENTER hin th ci t thng s

(ci t chun 100%) S T 417 Nhn phm U iu chnh thng s 417 (bng

dng chun ng c / hiu sut dng o x 100 = 1.0/4.8 x 100 (khi PWM tn s c ci 12kHz)

ENT Nhn phm ENTER thay i thng s v gi tr ci t thng s c hin th lin tc.

S dng mt ng c VF (ng c s dng vi b o) Ci t la chn tnh nng bo v nhit in t

Gi tr ci t Bo v qu ti Mt qu ti 4 0 x 5 0 0 6 x x 7 x 0

0: C gi tr

x: Khng c gi tr


56

Mt ng c VF c th c s dng trong di tn thp hn ng c a nng,

nhng nu tn s cc thp, nh hng ca vic lm mt s gim dn.

Ci t bo v nhit ng c in cp 1

Nu cng sut ca ng c ang s dng nh hn cng sut b o ngc hoc

dng chun ca ng c nh hn dng chun ca b o ngc iu chnh bo v nhit

ph hp vi dng chun ca ng c.

Nu ch s trong khong (%) n 100% tng ng cng sut dng chun.

Tnh nng qu ti bin tn

Ci t bo v b phn bin tn, khng th thay i hoc iu chnh bng

thng s ci t.

Nu chc nng qu ti bin tn c kch hot lin tc n c th c nng ln

bng cch iu chnh cp hot ng F601 tng hoc gim thi gian gia tc ACC hoc

thi gian gim tc dEC

%/A

Hz

s

%

60

0110 150


57

4. Kiu chy nhp

F 260 : Tn s chy nhp

F 261 : Chy nhp dng

Chc nng: Dng cc thng s chy nhp ng c hot ng theo cch nhp.

ng vo ca tn hiu chy nhp pht ra cng mt lc u ra mt tn s chy nhp.

Khng k thi gian gia tc ch nh.

ng c c th hot ng kiu nhp trong khi vic ci t cc cc chy nhp

c kt ni (RST ON), (t F113 ln 4)

Thng s ci t

Tn Chc nng Dy iu chnh t mc nh

F301

La chn lnh t ng chy li

0: Khng s dng 1: T ng chy li sau dng tm thi 2: Khi i chiu ST_CC on hoc off 3: T ng chy li hoc i chiu ST_CC on hoc off 4: Chuyn ng hm mt chiu khi ng ( t ng chy li sau dng tm thi). 5: Chuyn ng hm mt chiu khng khi ng (khi i chiu ST_CC on hoc off) 6: Chuyn ng hm mt chiu khi ng ( t ng chy li hoc khi i chiu ST_CC on hoc off).

0

Nu motor chy li trong phng thc chy li mt ln, th chc nng s hot ng. Bt chp s t ca tham s .

a. T ng chy li sau khi ngun khng hot ng tm thi (chc nng t ng chy li)

Tc motor

in p u vo (V)


58

Hinh 3.13 S chc nng t ng chy li

t F30 1 to 1, (3) chc nng ny hot ng sau khi ngun c du hiu khi

phc sp pht hin ra s di in p bi mng li mch v iu chnh ngun.

b. Khi ng li Motor (chc nng tm tc motor)

t F30 1 to 2, (3) : y l chc nng hot ng sau khi ST_CC chuyn tip c

du hiu m trc tip v khi thng tr li

(1). DC braking trong thi gian chy li

Nu tham s l tp hp la chn 4, 5 hoc 6. DC braking l thuyt bi

tham s F 251, hoc F 252 s l hng dn trong thi gian chy li ca Motor.

Chc nng ny l c hiu qa khi motor di tm thi ngun khng c hoc tnh

trng i xung v o chiu v mt s l do bn ngoi.

c. Hm mt chiu trong thi gian khi ng li

Nu thng s l mt trong nhng b 4, 5 hoc 6, DC hm l thuyt bng

thng s F 251 hoc F 252 s dn trong thi gian khi ng li ca ng c.

Chc nng ny c hiu lc khi ng c b di tm thi in p li hoc tnh

trng xung thp v s o chiu bi mt s l do bn ngoi.

5. iu bin tn s mang (PWM)

F 300 : PWM tn s mang

ON OFF

F_CC

Tc ng

c

ON OFF

ST_C


59

F 312 : kiu ngu nhin

Chc nng:

+ F 300 thng s cho php lm gim t tnh lm n n ng c sau ny thay i

bng PWM tn s mang, thng s ny ngoi ra cn c hiu lc ngn cn ng c n s

cng hng vi trng ti my hoc gi .

+ Trong php cng, thng s F 300 gim bt in t lm n pht ra do bin tn.

Gim bt tn s mang t vic gim bt in t lm n.

+ Tu chn cch gim bt in t lm n ng c bng s thay i mu mc

gim bt tn s mang.

Tham s t

Tn Chc nng Dy hot ng t mc nh F 300 PWM tn s vt

mang 2.0 ~ 16.5 (kHz) 2.0

Gim bt ti s gim bt PWM tn s mang T l quy nh s gim bt ti < Nhm 200V >

VFS9 VFS9S Tn s 4kHz hoc km hn

12kHz 15kHz 16.5kHz

2002PL/M 1.5 A 1.5 A 1.5 A 1.5 A 2004PL/M 3.3 A 3.3 A 3.1 A 3.0 A 2007PL/M 4.8 A 4.8 A 4.2 A 3.9 A 2015PL/M 7.8 A 7.8 A 7.2 A 7.1 A 2022PL/M 11.0 A 11.0 A 9.1 A 8.7 A 2037PL/M 17.5 A 17.5 A 15.0 A 14.3 A 2055PL/M 27.5 A 27.5 A 25.0 A 25.0 A 2075PL/M 33.0 A 33.0 A 29.8 A 28.2 A 2110PL/M 54.0 A 54.0 A 49.0 A 49.0 A 2150PL/M 66.0 A 66.0 A 54.0 A 51.0 A


60

< Nhm 400V >

VFS9

480 hoc nh hn 480 hoc ln hn Tn s Tn s

4kHz hoc <

12kHz 15kHz 16.5kHz 4kHz hoc <

12kHz 15kHz 16.5kHz

4007PL 2.3A 2.1A 2.1A 2.1A 2.1A 2.1A 1.9A 1.9A

4015PL 4.1A 3.7A 3.3A 3.1A 3.8A 3.4A 3.1A 3.0A

4022PL 5.5A 5.0A 4.5A 4.3A 5.1A 4.6A 4.2A 4.0A

4037PL 9.5A 8.6A 7.5A 7.0A 8.7A 7.9A 6.9A 6.4A

4055PL 14.3A 13.0A 13.0A 13.0A 13.2A 12.0A 12.0A 12.0A

4075PL 17.0A 17.0A 14.8A 13.7A 15.6A 14.2A 12.4A 12.0A

4110PL 27.7A 25.0A 25.0A 24.7A 25.5A 23.0A 23.0A 23.0A

4250PL 33.0A 30.0A 26.4A 24.9A 30.4A 27.6A 24.3A 23.0A

6. iu chnh in p u ra / hiu chnh in p cung cp

F306 : iu chnh in p u ra

F 307 : Cung cp in p hiu chnh

Chc nng: iu chnh in p u ra / tn s in p c bn

Thng s F306 iu chnh in p tng ng vi tn s c bn khng b qu

p, gi tr t F306 c t bn ngoi (chc nng ny ch c th c thc hin khi

F307 c ci l mt trong cc s 0, 1 hoc 2)

Cung cp in p hiu chnh

Thng s F307 m bo t s V/F lun khng thay i ngay c khi in p u

vo gim. Mmen quay trong khi tc hot ng thp.

Cung cp in p hiu chnh duy tr t l V/F = const ngay c khi in p u

vo dao ng.


61

iu chnh in p u ra in p cao Tn s cao, tn s c bn c dng

khi ng c hot ng c bit vi in p gy ra thp.

Thng s ci t

Tn Chc nng Dy hot ng t mc nh

F306 iu chnh in p u ra

0~250(V); 0 500(V) 240V, 400V

F307 Cung cp in p hiu chnh

0: Cung cp in p khng hiu chnh, in p ra gii hn 1: cung cp in p hiu chnh, in p ra gii hn 2: cung cp in p hiu chnh (tt thi gian chm xung), in p u ra gii hn. 3: cung cp in p khng hiu chnh, in p u ra khng gii hn 4: cung cp in p hiu chnh, in p u ra khng gii hn 5: cung cp in p hiu chnh (tt thi gian gim tc), in p u ra khng gii hn.

Nu F307 t l 0 hoc 3, in p u ra s thay i t l vi in p u vo. - Ngay c nu in p c tn s c bn (thng s F306) c t ln hn in p

u ra th in p u ra s khng vt qu in p u vo. - T l gia in p v tn s c th iu chnh tu theo tc ca ng c.

Tn s u ra (0)

in p u vo cao

Thp

F306

T l in p

in p u ra

Tn s u ra (1)

in p u vo cao

Thp

F306

T l in p

in p u ra

Tn s u ra

in p u vo

cao

Thp

F306

T l in p

in p u ra

Tn s u ra (4)

in p u vo cao

Thp

F306

T l in p

in p u ra


62

F307 t 2 v 5 (cung cp in p hiu chnh). Cng ging vi hot ng ca F307

1 v 4 tr trng hp my ang gim tc . Vic t thng s ny ngn khng

cho in p tng qu cao khi my gim tc. i khi gim n mc thp nht mmen

quay khi my hot ng tc thp do nhng thay i ca bin p.

7. Gia tc / gim tc

ACC : Thi gian gia tc 1

dEC : Thi gian gim tc 1

F500 : Thi gian gia tc 2

F501 : Thi gian gim tc 2

F 502 : M hnh gia tc / gim tc 1

F 503 : M hnh gia tc / gim tc 2

F504 : Chn m hnh gia tc / gim tc (1 hoc 2)

F 505 : Gia tc / gim tc 1 v 2 tn s chuyn mch

* Chc nng: Nhng tham s ny cho php chn hnh thc tng / gim tc theo

nhu cu c th .Chuyn mch l c th thc hin c vi gia tc / gim tc mu mc 2 s

dng thng s, tn s v cc ngoi.


ACC Thi gian gia tc 1 0.1~3600(s) 10.0 DEC Thi gian gim tc 1 0.1~3600(s) 10.0 F500 Thi gian gia tc 2 0.1~3600(s) 10.0 F501 Thi gian gim tc 2 0.1~3600(s) 10.0 F502 M hnh gia tc / gim tc 1 0: ng

1: S - hnh thc 1 2: S hnh thc 2

0

F503 M hnh gia tc / gim tc 2 0: ng 1: S - hnh thc 1

0


63

2: S hnh thc 2

F504 Chn m hnh gia tc / gim tc (1 hoc 2)

0: gia tc/gim tc 1 0: gia tc/gim tc 1

0

F505 Gia tc / gim tc 1 v 2 tn s chuyn mch

0 ~ UL (Hz) 0.0

a. Gia tc / gim tc 1. ng gia tc / gim tc tc ng gia tc / gim tc, iu ny c th thng xuyn s dng

Biu gia tc / gim tc 2. S- gia tc/ gim tc 1. La chn ny n gia tc /gim tc 1. Motor nhanh t ti vng tc cao vi 1 tn s ra ca 60Hz hoc ln hn hoc gim ti mc ti thiu s va chm ng dng trong thi gian gia tc / gim tc

Biu gia tc, gim tc 1

3. S- gia tc / gim tc 2. La chn ny t c s tng gia tc ni b kh t vi mmen gia tc ca ng c nh. Kiu ny thch hp cho hot ng ca trc quay vi tc cao.

Biu gia tc, gim tc 2

b. Chuyn i gia tc / gim tc

t

ACC dEC

Tn s u ra Hz

Tn s cc i FH

0

t

Tn s t HzCc i FH

Gia tc thi gian

ACC

t

Tn s tHz

Cc i FHChn tn s

Gia tc thi gian

ACC


64

1. S la chn tn s

Hinh. 3.14 Biu s la chn tn s Gia tc / gim tc 1 thi gian 1 l vo lc tp hp l mc nh. Gia tc / gim tc

2 c th c la chn bng thay i t ca thng s F504

Hinh.3.15 Biu chuyn i t ng gia tc / gim tc (1): Gia tc ng dc tng ng ti gia tc thi gian ACC (2): Gia tc ng dc tng ng ti gia tc thi gian F500 (3): Gia tc ng dc tng ng ti gia tc thi gian F501 (4): Gim tc ng dc tng ng ti gim tc thi gian dEC 3. Chuyn i s dng ngoi cc chuyn i gia tc / gim tc thi gian qua

ng ngoi cc

Tn s u ra Hz

t

F5 501F 500

dECACC F504 =

0

F504 = 1

0

Tn s u

t

F 505

0

(1) (2)(3) (4)

Hz


65

(1): Gia tc ng dc tng ng ti gia tc thi gian ACC (2): Gia tc ng dc tng ng ti gia tc thi gian F500 (3): Gia tc ng dc tng ng ti gia tc thi gian F501 (4): Gim tc ng dc tng ng ti gim tc thi gian dEC Trong trng hp t CNOd ti 0 (bng cc) Tn hiu chuyn mch cho gia tc / gim tc 2 khng t mc nh Ch nh chc nng s 5 (Rd2) ti cc khng dng n bng ch r cc u vo

chc nng la chn tham s. 8. t hng s ng c F400 : T ng t F 401 : Tn s trt F 402 : Thng s mch stato F 403 : Thng s mch roto F 404 : T thng kch t F 405 : Ci t momen qun tnh F 408 : Dung lng ca inverter so vi motor s dng chc nng iu khin vector, kch momen t ng v tit kim nng

lng t ng, vic t hng s ng c l cn thit. Ba phng php sau y c p dng lm cng vic trn:

1. Dng phng php kch momen t ng ng thi t chc nng t iu

chnh v la chn hnh thc iu khin V/F

2. t ha ch trn c lp vi nhau.

3. Kt hp iu chnh bng tay vi la chn kiu iu khin V/F

[ La chn 1: t chc nng kch momen t ng (phng php d nht, va iu

khin vector, va t iu chnh) ]


66

B tham s t ng nng momen quay AU 2 ti 1

[ La chn 2: t iu khin vector khng dng b cm bin v t iu chnh c

lp ]

B tham s t ng nng momen quay AU 2 ti 1

[ t tham s ]

Tn Chc nng Dy iu chnh t mc

nh

F400 Auto tuning

0: t ng iu chnh khng dng tay 1: gn kt cc t ring l ca F401 F405 2: cho php t ng iu chnh (quay li ti 1 ri chy t ng iu chnh)

0

B F 400 ti 2

B F 408 ti 1 nu in dung ng c l mt c nh th c th dng tc

cng sut ca bin tn

[ la chn 3 : t iu khin vector v iu chnh c lp bng tay ]

Nu ETN iu chnh li l hin th trong thi gian t ng chy hoc khi vector

iu khin


F400 Auto tuning 0: t ng iu chnh khng dng tay 1: gn kt cc t ring l ca F401 F405 2: Cho php t ng iu chnh (quay li ti 1 ri chy

0


67

t ng iu chnh)

F401 Thng s trt 0.0 ~ 10.0 (Hz) 0 F402 Thng s mch stato 0~ 255 0 F403 Thng s mch roto 0~ 255 0 F404 T thng kch t 0~ 255 0 F405 Ci t momen qun tnh 0 ~200 0 F408 Dung lng ca inverter so

vi motor 0: dung lng nh nhau 0: nh hn dung lng ca inverter

0

Th tc t iu chnh tip theo thng s F400 : la chn 1 ti ng c khng i khng ph thuc thng s F401

F405 F401 : Tn s trt cao gim bt tc ng c do (tn s trt c th l b

trn c s h s kim tra ng c) F402: iu chnh ch yu in tr hp thnh ca ng c 9. Chc nng bo v a. Pht hin ng b u ra li F 605: cch la chn pht hin ng b ra li Chc nng: y l thng s pht hin li ng b u ra bin tn. Nu ng b li tn ti dai

dng cho 1.2 hoc nhiu chc nng nh my v rle FL s kch hot. cng mt thi im thng tin nh EPHO s cng hin th

B F 605 ti 2 s iu khin m ca bin tn ni ti ng c v ni ngun ti ng c.

F 605 = 0 (khng iu chnh bng tay) Khng tc ng (rle FL khng kch hot) F605 =1 (cho php trong thi gian hot ng) Pht hin ng b khng thch hp l cho php trong thi gian hot ng bin tn

s ngt nu tnh trng ng b li c dai dng 1,2 hoc nhiu (rle kch hot) F 605 = 2 (cho php : khng iu chnh bng tay trong thi gian t ng khi

ng li) Chc nng ny, d th no khng iu chnh bng tay trong thi gian t ng

khi ng li sau khi ngun li nht thi. Khi ng b li nhn ra s gim bt in p u ra v khi ng li.

Tn Chc nng Dy hot ng t mc


68

nh

F605 Cch la chn pht hin ng b u ra li

0: khng iu chnh bng tay 1: cho php trong thi gian hot ng 2: cho php: khng iu chnh bng tay trong thi gian khi ng li

0

b. Pht hin ng b u vo li

F 608: Cch la chn pht hin ng b u vo li

Chc nng:

Thng s ny pht hin ng b u vo bin tn li. Nu tnh trng in p

khng bnh thng ca mch chnh l t din c dai dng mt t pht hoc nhiu, chc

nng ngt v rle FL s kch hot. cng mt thi im, thng tin ngt EPH 1 s hin

th

F608 = 0 khng ngt ( rle FL khng kch hot)

F608 = 1 pht hin ng b li l cho php trong thi gian hot ng. Bin tn s

ngt nu tnh trng in p khng bnh thng ca mch chnh t in c dai dng mi

pht hoc nhiu hn ( rle FL kch hot)


F608 Cch la chn pht hin ng b u vo li

0: iu chnh bng tay 1: cho php 2: cho php: khng iu chnh

0

c. Cch thc iu chnh cho dng in nh

F 610 : la chn dng in nh ngt

F 611 : dng in nh (ngt/bo ng) pht hin dng in

F 612 : dng in nh (ngt/bo ng) pht hin thi gian


69

Chc nng: Thng s F 610 cho php bin tn ngt nu dng in nh th F 611 l thuyt gi

tr dng cho nhiu hn th F 612 l thuyt thi gian. Khi ngt c chn, i vo pht

hin thi gian ti ngt, thng tin ngt l hin th UC.

F 610 = 0 (off) : khng ngt (rle khng kch hot)

Bo ng dng in nh c th cho ra ngoi bng thng s la chn chc nng

u ra.

F 610 = 1 (on) : bin tn ngt (rle FL kch hot) duy nht sau khi dng in nh

ht pht hin ra

Tn Chc nng Dy hot ng t mc

nh

F610 La chn dng in nh ngt 0: khng iu chnh 1: cho php

0

F611 Dng in nh (ngt/bo ng) pht hin dng in

0 ~ 100 (%) 0

F612 Dng in nh (ngt/bo ng) pht hin thi gian

0 ~ 255 (%) 0

3.7. B khuch i o

B khuch i o c nhim v x l tn hiu o t loadcell hoc c cm bin o

khc phc v cho mc ch iu khin tip theo. B khuch i c khi khuch i,

khi ny thc hin cc chc nng l chun ha cc tn hiu t loadcell hoc cc loi cm

bin khc, sau n bin cc tn hiu ny thnh cc tn hiu in tng thch cp cho

iu khin. Tn hiu in lt ra t cu cn l rt nh, khuch i cc tn hiu ny

mch khuch i phi c tnh nng c bit. B khuch i y ngi ta dng b

khuch i vi sai c phn hi m, c in tr vo ln v h s nn tn hiu ng pha ln.

+ _

R4R3

RUraOA

R+R R-R

Ungun


70

Hnh 3.16. S b Khuch i o

Tng vo l mch khuch i vi sai c u vo v u ra i xng. Tng th hai

l tng khuch i vi sai ln.

Hai tng khuch i OA1 v OA2 c hai li vo khng o nn tr khng vo i

vi tn hiu l rt cao, nh th h s khuch i c th thit lp mt cch chnh xc. c

tnh ny c th lm cho n tr thnh mt phn t l tng dng khuch i chnh xc

cc tn hiu nh.

in p vo hai tng khuch i OA1 v OA2 c truyn i qua mch phn hi

ca tng khuch i thut ton trn R1. V th y xut hin mt gi tr in p ni

vo. in p ny gy ra mt dng in i qua R1.

in p ra ca cu cn cng chnh l in p vo ca hai tng khuch i OA1 v

OA2, c Uvo = 20mV. in p ra khi tng khuch i c gi tr l Ura = 10V th ta

c h s khuch i:

5002010 === mV

V

vao

a

UUK

Mt khc ta c:

vaoa URR

RRU *21*

1

2

3

4

+=

50021*1

2

3

4 ==

+

vao

a

UU

RR

RR


71

T biu thc trn ta mun thay i h s khuch i th ta thay i gi tr ca R1

Nu cho 10211

2 =+RR

Chn R1 = 1K

5010500

3

4 ==RR

chn R3 = 5K

Vy, in p ra b khuch i l 10V v c h s khuch i l 500 ta c th

chn:

R1 = 1 K

R2 = 4.5K

R1 = 5 K

R1 =250 K

3.5. B vi iu khin

* Chc nng ca b iu chnh

B iu chnh ng vai tr quan trng trong h thng cn bng nh lng, n c

hai chc nng chnh sau:

- Nhn tn hiu trng lng t b khuch i v tn hiu tc t my pht xung

truyn v tnh lu lng.

- So snh lng t: So snh lu lng t vi lng thc nhn c t b

khuch i v my pht xung. T tnh c sai lch gia lng t v lng thc v

to hm iu khin.

R2 = 4.5K

R4 = 250K

A D

Xung D

xung

010V

Tnh

ton

RQ D A

V

Qt


72

Tn hiu trng lng 0 10V v tn hiu xung c hai b bin i A/D v Xung/D chuyn thnh dng tn hiu s v tnh ra lu lng thc:

Lng Qo s c so snh vi lng Qt v c b bin i D/A chuyn thnh

tn hiu tng t iu khin bin tn quay ng c. Ton b qu trnh trn c iu

khin nh b vi x l.

iu khin tn s ng c ta chn bin tn c s xung pht ra trong mt vng

l 100 xung.

3.8. Tng hp b iu chnh lu lng

3.8.1. S cu trc

Hnh 3.17. S cu trc

- M t i tng

Nhn c kt qu so snh t b iu khin bin tn s iu khin quay ng c

vi tc gc l , khi lu lng trn bng s l tch s ca trng lng liu trn mt n v chiu di vi tc di ca bng. Lu lng tc thi trn tng phn on

ca bng s c gi v b iu khin xc nh lng liu trung bnh trn bng bng

cch ly tch phn lng liu tc thi:

== T ttT TTth dVTdQTQ 00 **1*1

T xc nh c lu lng thc trn bng v so snh vi lng t do ngi

vn hnh t trc.

Ta c s h thng nh sau:

RQ

T

Q

Qt

)1(1

+TPK K

)(1P

U- V U1


73

Gi thit ta coi lng liu trn mt n v chiu di l khng i (=const) khi s ca h thng s l:

Ghp hai khu trn li ta c:

Trong :

T l hng s thi gian ca h thng kn truyn ng

- l hng s thi gian tch phn lu lng >> T

3.8.2. Xc nh thng s b iu chnh

Ta c s h thng nh hnh sau:

Ta coi: K = K1 * K2

p dng tiu chun modul ti u cho b iu chnh P ta c:

TKK R *2

=

Hm truyn ca h thng:

PTPKFdt )1( +=

)1(1

+TPK

PK

2 U- U1

)1(21

+TPPKK

U1

RQ + -

Qd

)1(21

+TPPKK

Q RQ +

-

Qd


74

PTPK

TKFKF dt

)1(

**2

*0 +==

)1(2

10 TPTP

F +=

Hm truyn kn ca h:

1221

1 2200

++=+= TPPTFF

Fk

Gi thit h truyn ng c hai mch vng, mch vng dng in tng hp theo

modul ti u v mch vng tc tng hp theo i xng th ta c hm truyn PI, lc

ny T = 40ms, =1s. Hm truyn h s khuch i h thng kn 013.0

103.1

1 ===

aUK

Hng s tnh ton lu lng: = QK 2

Bng cc thng s cc thit b bin tn toshiba

a. S dng cc thng s

Tn Chc nng n v

n v t ti thiu

Di iu chnh

t mc nh

- Tn s c bn thch hp ca ng c

Hz 60 50

*1

FC iu khin tn s ca bng iu khin

Hz 0.1 Ll-UL 0.0

*3. Khi gi tr t tiu chun (TYP:3) c thit lp, thng s ny s c hin th

b. Cc thng s c bn

Bn chc nng t ng:

Tn S truyn t

Chc nng n v

n v t ti thiu

Di iu chnh t mc nh

AU1

0000 T ng tng/gim tc

- - 0: khng x 1: tc tt nht 2: tc ti thiu

0


75

AU2

0001 T ng tng mmen

- - 0: khng x 1: vector iu khin + t ng iu chnh

0

AU3

0002 T ng t theo mi trng

- - 0: khng x 1: t t ng

0

AU4

0040 Chng trnh t t ng

- - 0: khng x 1: dng 2: 3 vng iu khin 3: t gi tr u vo ln xung 4: 4-20mA dng iu khin u vo

0

Chng 4 GII THIU V B IU KHIN PLC

4.1 KHI QUT V PLC PLC (vit tt t ting Anh ca t: Programmable Logic Controller) c gi l B iu khin logic kh trnh. S pht trin ca k thut iu khin t ng hin i v cng ngh iu khin logic kh trnh da trn c s pht trin ca tin hc, c th l s pht trin ca k thut my tnh. Thit b iu khin logic kh trnh PLC hin nay c ng dng rt rng ri. Thit b iu khin logic kh trnh PLC c th thay th c c mt mng rle, hn th na PLC ging nh mt my tnh nn c th lp trnh c. Chng trnh ca PLC c th thay i rt d dng, cc chng trnh con cng c th sa i nhanh chng. Thit b iu khin logic kh trnh PLC p ng c hu ht cc yu cu v nh l yu t chnh trong vic nng cao hn na hiu qu sn xut trong cng nghip. Trc y th vic t ng ho ch c p dng trong sn xut hng lot nng sut cao. Hin nay cn thit phi t ng ho c trong sn xut nhiu loi khc nhau, nng cao nng sut v cht lng.

4.2. CC THNH PHN CA MT B PLC. Mt b PLC thng thng c nhng Modul phn cng nh sau:

Modul ngun. Modul n v x l trung tm CPU. Modul b nh chng trnh. Modul u vo.


76

Modul u ra. Modul phi ghp. Modul chc nng ph.

Modul ngun nhn t ngun in li cng nghip to ra ngun in mt chiu cung cp cho hot ng ca ton b PLC. Modul n v x l trung tm CPU: trong mi thit b PLC Modul n v x l trung tm gm nhiu h thng vi x l bn trong, c hai loi n v x l trung tm l: n v x l mt bt v n v x l bng t ng. Modul b nh chng trnh: Chng trnh iu khin hin hnh c gi li trong b nh chng trnh bng cc b phn lu gi in t nh RAM, PROM hoc EPROM. Chng trnh c to ra vi s tr gip ca mt n v lp trnh chuyn dng, ri c chuyn vo b nh chng trnh. Mt ngun in d phng cn thit cho RAM duy tr chng trnh ngay c trong trng hp mt ngun in chnh. Modul u vo: Modul u vo c chc nng chun b cc tn hiu bn ngoi chuyn vo trong PLC c cha cc b lc v b thch ng mc nng lng. Mt mch phi ghp c la chn c dng ngn cch in gii mch trong ra khi mch ngoi. Cc Modul u vo c thit k c th nhn nhiu u vo v c th cm thm cc Modul u vo m rng. Vic chn on cc sai xt h hng s c thc hin rt d dng vi mi u vo c trang b mt it pht sng (led) b ch th nh sng bo hiu cho s c mt ca in th u vo. Modul u ra: Modul u ra c cu to tng t nh Modul u vo. N gi thng cc thng tin u ra n cc phn t kch hot (cho dn ng) ca my lm vic. V vy m nhiu Modul u ra thch hp vi hng lot mch phi ghp khc nhau c cung cp. it pht sng (led) cng c th gip quan st in th u ra. Modul phi ghp: Modul phi ghp dng ni b iu khin kh trnh PLC vi cc thit b bn ngoi nh mn hnh, thit b lp trnh hoc cc Panen m rng. Thm vo , nhiu chc nng ph cng cn thit hot ng song song vi nhng chc nng thun tu logic ca mt b PLC c bn. Cng c th ghp thm nhng th in t ph c bit to ra cc chc nng ph . Trong nhng trng hp ny u phi dng n mch phi ghp. Modul chc nng ph: Nhng chc nng ph in hnh nht ca PLC l b nh duy tr c cng chc nng nh Rle duy tr ngha l bo tn tn hiu trong qu trnh mt in. Khi ngun in tr li th b chuyn i ca b nh nm t th nh trc lc mt in. B thi gian ca PLC c chc nng tng t nh cc r le thi gian, vic t thi gian c lp trnh hoc iu chnh t bn ngoi. B m c lp trnh bng cc lnh logic c bn hoc thng qua cc th in t ph. B ghi tng ng vi c cu nt bm- bc. Bc tip theo c th ra bi b pht thi gian hoc bng xung ca mch chuyn i. Chc nng s hc c thit k thc hin bn chc nng s hc c bn: cng, tr, nhn. chia v cc chc nng so snh: ln hn, nh hn, bng v khng bng. Chc nng iu khin s ca PLC iu khin cc qu trnh cng ngh trn cc my cng c hoc trn cc tay my, ngi my cng nghip.

4.3. CHC NNG CA PLC. Chc nng ca b iu khin logic kh trnh cng ging nh cc b iu khin khc thit k trn c s cc r le hoc cc thnh phn in t:


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Thu nhn cc tn hiu u vo v phn hi (t cc cm bin). Lin kt, ghp ni li v ng m mch ph hp vi chng trnh. Tnh ton v son tho cc lnh iu khin trn c s so snh cc thng tin thu c. Phn pht cc lnh iu khin n cc a ch thch hp.

4.4. U IM CA VIC NG DNG PLC. Vic ng dng cc b PLC vo cc h thng gp rt nhiu thun li nh

Thi gian lp t ngn. tin cy cao v ngy cng tng. D dng thay i phn mm nh thit k. C th tnh ton c chnh xc gi thnh. X l t liu t ng. Tit kim khng gian. Chun ho c phn cng iu khin. Kh nng ti to. Thch ng trong mi trng khc nghit: nhit , m, in p giao ng, ting n. Ghp ni my tnh. Ghp ni my in.

4.5. THIT B IU KHIN LOGIC KH TRNH SIMANTIC S7- 200 Simatic S7 - 200 l thit b iu khin logic kh trnh ca hng Siemen (Cng ho Lin Bang c) . Th h Simatic S7 - 200 rt linh hot v hiu qu s dng cao do nhng c tnh sau:

C nhiu loi CPU khc nhau trong h S7-200 nhm p ng yu cu khc nhau ca tng ng dng.

C nhiu Modul m rng khc nhau nh cc Modul ng vo/ ra tng t, Modul ng vo/ ra s.

Modul truyn thng kt ni PLC trong h S7-200 vo mng Profibus- DP nh l mt Slave.

Modul truyn thng kt ni PLC trong h S7 - 200 vo mng AS- I nh l mt MASTER.

Phn mm STEP 7- Micro/ Win softwarl. Trong phm vi n ny, em xin c gii thiu v CPU 215 ca hng SIEMENS . CPU 215 nh hnh sau:

4.5.1. Cc c tnh k thut ca CPU 215 v Modull 315

c tnh k thut CPU 215

Kch thc vt l 246 x 80 x 62 mm

Trng lng 0,5 kg

Cng sut tiu th 8w


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Dung lng b nh chng trnh 4 K Word

Dung lng b nh d liu 2,5 K Word

S lng u vo tng t 16

S lng u ra tng t 10

S lng u vo s 64

S lng u ra s 64

C th ghp ni m rng cc Modul 2

S lng b to thi gian tr 256

S lng b m 256

S lng bt nh c bit 368

u vo

Kiu u vo Kiu khe cm

Di tn hiu vo T 15 30 V in p mt chiu , 4mA

Thi gian phn ng li: I0.0 ti I1.5 I0.6 ti I1.5

T 0,2 ms n 8,7 ms mc nh 0,2ms 6 s bt v 30 s tt

C cch ly quang 500 V AC ,1 pht

u ra

Di in p T 24,4 n 28,8 V mt chiu

Dng ti ti a Q0.0 ti Q0.7 Q1.0 ti Q1.1

nhit t 00 n 550 C 0,5 A/ im 10 A/ im

Dng in d Q0.0 ti Q0.7 Q1.0 ti Q1.1

200 A 400 A

Thi gian chuyn mch Q0.0 ti Q0.7 Cc u ra khc

100 s, ON/OF 150 s ON, 400 s OF


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in tr trong ln nht 400 m Bo v dng ngn mch Q0.0 ti Q0.7 Q1.0 ti Q1.1

0,7 n 1,5 A/ Knh 1,5 n 3 A/ Knh

C cch ly quang 500 VAC , 1pht

Ngun cp

in p T 20,4 n 28,8 VDC

Dng vo 120 mA

Cch kt ni cc cng dnh cho CPU 215 c biu din nh hnh sau:

Modull m rng EM235

c tnh k thut CPU 215

Kch thc vt l 90 x 80 x 62 mm

Trng lng 0,2 kg

Cng sut tiu th 2w

S lng u vo tng t 3

S lng u ra tng t 1

u vo

Kiu u vo Diferential

Di tn hiu vo cc i 30 V in p mt chiu , 32mA

phn gii chuyn i t Analog sang Digital

12 bit hoc 1 trong 4096

Thi gian chuyn i t Analog sang tng t

25 s

u ra

in p ra 10 V Dng ti ti a T 0 n 20 mA


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4.5.2. Cng truyn thng. S7-200 s dng cng truyn thng ni tip RS 485 vi phch ni 9 chn phc v cho vic ghp ni vi thit b lp trnh hoc vi cc trm PLC khc. Tc truyn cho my lp trnh kiu PPI l 9600 baud.

Chn Gii thch

1 t

2 24 VDC

3 Truyn v nhn d liu

4 Khng s dng

5 t

6 5VDC

7 24 VDC

8 Truyn v nhn d liu

9 Khng s dng

Ghp ni S 7- 200 vi my lp trnh PG 702 hoc vi cc loi my lp trnh thuc h PG7 XX c th s dng mt cp ni thng qua MPI. Ghp ni S7- 200 vi my tnh qua cng RS 232 cn c cp ni PC/ PPI vi b chuyn i RS 232/ RS 485.

4.5.3. Cu chc chng trnh ca S 7 - 200 C th lp trnh cho PLC S7-200 bng cch s dng mt trong nhng phn mm:

STEP - MICRO/ DOS. STEP - MICRO/WIN.

Phn mm ny c th ci t c trn cc my lp trnh hoc PG 7xx v cc my tnh c nhn (PC). Chng trnh c th vit bng cc ngn ng sau

Lu h iu khin (Control system flow chart) Gin thang (Ladder Diagram). Danh sch lnh (Statment List). Cc lnh kiu khi v cc lnh bc cao.

Trong bn n ny em gii thiu v ngn ng lp trnh gin thang bng my tnh c nhn. Cc chng trnh cho S7-200 c cu trc bao gm chng trnh chnh v cc chng trnh con v cc chng trnh x l ngt. Chng trnh chnh c kt thc bng lnh kt thc chng trnh (MEND). Chng trnh con l mt b phn ca chng trnh. Cc chngtrnh con c vit sau lnh kt thc chng trnh, l lnh MEND). Cc chng trnh con c nhm li thnh mt

5 4 3 2 1

9 8 7 6


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nhm ngay sau chng trnh chnh. Sau n cc chng trnh x l ngt th cu trc chng trnh c r rng v thun tin hn trong vic c chng trnh.

Main program MEND

Thc hin trong mt vng qut

SBR0 chng trnh con th nht RET

Thc hin khi c chng trnh tnh gi

SBRn chng trnh con th n+1 RET

INT O chng trnh x l ngt

84775470 can bang dinh luong cua nha may sx xi mang diendandaihoc vn 04530817112011

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