9. bioenergy research activities at nast for evidence based policy formulation
DESCRIPTION
National Workshop on Standards and Testing of Cookstoves in Nepal 25 July 2013, Hotel Himalaya, Kathmandu, Nepal Policy session Presenter: Rabindra Prasad Dhakal, Dr. Eng. Senior Scientist Bioenergy Laboratory Faculty of Technology Nepal Academy of Science and TechnologyTRANSCRIPT
BIOENERGY RESEARCH ACTIVITIES AT NAST FOR EVIDENCE BASED POLICY
FORMULATION
July25, 2013
Rabindra Prasad Dhakal, Dr. Eng.
Senior Scientist
Bioenergy Laboratory
Faculty of Technology
Nepal Academy of Science and Technology
National Workshop on “Standards and Testing of Cookstoves in Nepal”
Contents
1. NAST Objectives
2. Bioenergy Research activities Brief activities on Bioenergy Possible avenues on bioenergy sectors way forward Challenges
Roles & Responsibilities
Think Tank- Contribute to national development through Science and Technology using its experts.
Innovator- Conduct timely demanded research in science and technology.
Catalyst - Recognize the contribution of the expert and motivate them.
Facilitator- Inspire the young scientists through research fund and grants, formulate the policy on S&T.
Natural Product Chemistry
Environment
OBJECTIVE 1 Active Research in Science and Technology
Biotechnology
Energy EngineeringMaterial Science Information center
Working for the people Working with the people
• Recognition of talents• Research Grants• Support to the professional
societies• Fellowships• Building science awareness
OBJECTIVE 2Recognition of Scientists and Work
OBJECTIVE 3Modernization of Indigenous
Technologies
• Data collection of indigenous technologies• modernization of technology to enhance the energy
efficiencies• formulating the policies for preservation of traditional
entities
Bioenergy
Biomass and Biofuel
Technology
Solar EnergyPhotovoltaic
System
Wind EnergyWind Mapping
OBJECTIVE 4Research on Appropriate Technologies
Wind tower installedin Dang
Solar panel installed in Bode for water pumping
Design and fabrication of ICS
Bioenergy Technology
Biomass Research
Biobriquetting TechnologyClean Cooking solution
Biochar as organic fertilizer
Biofuel Research
BDF from jatropa oil and
waste cooking oil Microalgae
using novel catalysts.
Policy Intervention:
Government is about to formulate the biomass policy excluding the biofuel policy(?)
Technological intervention is sought on
Biobriqette substandard quality
Biochar No initiation at all
ICS Improved CS are to be
improved
biofuel Perform the viability tests to
assure the government
Biofuel Research
Our activities: Biodiesel Fuel (BDF) production from
Jatropha oil, waste cooking oil on dolomite based catalyst for transesterification.
Developing our own reactor system suitable for Nepal aiming to contribute local economy.
Our Aim:o Make prototype refinery producing
100L/dayo Cost and benefit analysis of biodiesel
productiono Establishment of quality testing laboratoryo Help to formulate the policy on Biofuel
Novelties:
Feedstocks: The jatropha could be planted in wide region of the country with minimal input
Catalyst: The homely available catalyst. 5,000 billion tones of dolomite deposition is expected in Nepal.
Processing technology: use of KOH was avoided. Storage problem could be mitigated in great extent.
Jatr
oph
a O
il (
x106
t/y)
Waste Cooking Oil BDF (x104
t/y)
Compensating the petro-diesel import expenditure
Compensating the total petroleum import expenditure
We have envisaged that 1.9M hectare land could be used for jatropha production to produce 3.8 MillionTons Biodiesel to make the fuel exporting country.
Biofuel Potential: Oil Crisis to Oil Exporting Country
Policy:
Basket Fund: 1% Tax on diesel for promotion of jatropha crops.
To avoid food crisis issue: no subsidy or hike the tax for energy cropped land.
Ratio of constituents on current BHB
A plausible example of Ratio of constituents on proposed BHB for improvement
The Materials, BHB, currently available in the Market
The Materials, BHB, expected in looks with technological modified form.
Fig. Plausible Technological Transformation of existing composition and materials.
Biobriquette: dire need of technological Intervention
Benefit of Biochar: think for adoption
Outputs Thermal efficiency Emission Level in real time Total emission of CO, CO2
and PM
Through
Water Boiling Test
Recent shifts on ICS at NAST
Dedicated Equipments at NAST
Ultimate analyzer: CHN/O analyzer
Gas analyzer: Temp., Cox, Nox, PM for vehicles, stoves
Programmable muffle for proximate analysis
Real time testing of efficiency, Cox and PM
S.N TPMS (IS1001)
Time to boil(mins)
Burning Rate (g/min)
Thermal Efficiency
(%)
1 Cold Start 39 32.3 15
2 Hot Start 25 42 17
3 Simmering x 52 12
WBT
S.N Rocket Stove
S(IS1001)
Time to boil(mins)
Burning Rate
(g/min)
Thermal Efficiency
(%)
1 Cold Start 21 16 20
2 Hot Start 17 15 22
3 Simmering x x x
Efficiency Tests of Stoves
Way forward:
For the sustainable development, technological paradigm should be uphold: shouldn’t get confused with technology and devices.
Research and innovation should go together with testing for technological shifts.
The other IAP culprit, the materials, should be simultaneously studied.
Expected Outcome
We could assist on ambitious target of distributing 3 millions ICS in the country.
Quality of ICS could be maintained through involvement of different organizations.
Collaboration of probable institutions to make research and service together.
PEMS at NAST and LEMS at CRT will help to elevate the level of confidence among the scientist and general public about efficiency and emission level of the stoves tested.
Challenges
Chances of possible data manipulation: We need to be cautious,
Manufacturer Vs propublic
Subsidy issues: Uniformity and justifiable
room for sustainability in long run
Globalization may threat local manufacturer: need to be properly address.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION