Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

ϪÂa bghUshjhu«

National Income (njÁa tUkhd«)

bkh¤j njÁa tUkhd« - (GNP) - xU F¿¥Ã£l tUl¤Âš xU eh£L k¡fshš

c‰g¤Â brŒa¥g£l mid¤J ÏW bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ gzkÂ¥ò.

ãfu njÁa tUkhd« - (NNP)

bkh¤j njÁa tUkhd« (-) njŒkhd« = ãfu njÁa tUkhd«

bkh¤j cŸeh£L cŸg¤Â (GDP) - xU eh£o‹ òéæaš všiy¡F£g£l k¡fshš

c‰g¤Â brŒa¥g£l ÏW bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ kÂ¥ò.

GNP = GDP + maš eh£L všiyæš cŸs xU eh£L k¡fë‹ tUkhd« -

cŸeh£oš cŸs mašeh£L k¡fë‹ tUkhd«.

jåeg® tUkhd« - xU jåeg® bgW« nryélj;j¡f tUkhdnk jåeg®

tUkhd« vd¥gL«.

njÁa tUkhd¤ij fz¡»L« KiwfŸ

c‰g¤Â Kiw (Product Method), tUkhd Kiw – ( Income Method) , Ef®Î Kiw

(Expenditure Method).

CSO - Central Statistical Organisation = k¤Âa òŸëapaš ãWtd« - ϪÂa njÁa

tUkhd¤ij fz¡»L« ãWtd« MF«.

bghJthf, c‰g¤Â Kiw ( Product Method), tUkhd Kiw – ( Income Method)

M»a têfë š ϪÂa njÁa tUkhd« fz¡»l¥gL»wJ.

ϪÂa njÁa tUkhd«- tUkhd Kiw k‰W« c‰g¤Â Kiw M»at‰iw

bfh©L fz¡»l¥gL»wJ.

GDP == C + I + G + (X – M)

C = Consumption (Ef®Î)

I = Investment (KjÄL)

G = Government (muR)

(X – M) = V‰Wk¡F« Ïw¡Fk¡F« cŸs ntWghL

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

1. ϪÂa bghUshjhu étu« “ ϪÂahéš tWikÍ« Ãç£oî‹ j‹ika‰w

M£ÁÍ« “ v‹w Ehš 1868Ïš btëæ£lt®

(a) jhjhghŒ besnuhí (b) uéªjpueh¤ jhT®

(c) MšÃu£ kh®õš (d) mk®¤Âah br‹

2. ϪÂahé‹ Kjš mÂfhuó®t njÁa tUkhd« fz¡»l¥g£L btëæl¥g£l

M©L

(a) 1848 (b) 1848 -1849

(c) 1948 (d) 1948 -1949

3. 1949 Ïš mik¡f¥g£l njÁa tUthŒ FGé‹ jiyt®

(a) k`yhNdhð (b) R.D.f£»š

(c) V-K.R.uh› (d) Ïš vtUäšiy.

4. njÁa tUkhd« v‹gJ

(a) xU ãÂah©oš XU eh£L k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ kÂ¥ò.

(b) xU ãÂah©oš xU eh£L všiy¡FŸ cŸs k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ kÂ¥ò.

(c) xU ãÂah©oš xU eh£o‹ k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹, njŒkhd« Ú§fyhf.

(d) xU ãÂah©oš xU eh£L všiy¡FŸ cŸs k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ njŒkhd« Ú§fyhf.

5. ãfu njÁa tUkhd« v‹gJ

(a) xU ãÂah©oš XU eh£L k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ kÂ¥ò.

(b) xU ãÂah©oš xU eh£L všiy¡FŸ cŸs k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ kÂ¥ò.

(c) xU ãÂah©oš xU eh£o‹ k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹, njŒkhd« Ú§fyhf.

(d) xU ãÂah©oš xU eh£L všiy¡FŸ cŸs k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ njŒkhd« Ú§fyhf.

6. bkh¤j cŸeh£L c‰g¤Â v‹gJ

(a) xU ãÂah©oš XU eh£L k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ kÂ¥ò.

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

(b) xU ãÂah©oš xU eh£L všiy¡FŸ cŸs k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ kÂ¥ò.

(c) xU ãÂah©oš xU eh£o‹ k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹, njŒkhd« Ú§fyhf.

(d) xU ãÂah©oš xU eh£L všiy¡FŸ cŸs k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ njŒkhd« Ú§fyhf.

7. ãfu cŸeh£L c‰g¤Â v‹gJ

(a) xU ãÂah©oš XU eh£L k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ kÂ¥ò.

(b) xU ãÂah©oš xU eh£L všiy¡FŸ cŸs k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ kÂ¥ò.

(c) xU ãÂah©oš xU eh£o‹ k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹, njŒkhd« Ú§fyhf.

(d) xU ãÂah©oš xU eh£L všiy¡FŸ cŸs k¡fshš cUth¡f¥g£l bghU£fŸ k‰W« nritfë‹ njŒkhd« Ú§fyhf.

8. kfnyhndhÃ]pd; njÁa tUthŒf; FG jdJ Kjš m¿¡if më¤j M©L

(a) 1948 (b) 1949 (c) 1950 (d) 1951

£lälš :-

ϪÂahé‹ bghUshjhuj; £lälš Mu«Ã¤j M©L 1934 MF«.

ÂU.M.é°nt°tuŒah ϪÂahé‹ Kjš £läLjiy j‹ “ϪÂahé‹ Â£lä£l

bghUshjhu« “ v‹w Ehè‹ _y« Jt¡» it¤jh®.

njÁa £lf; FG #tA®yhš neU jiyikæš 1938š cUth¡f¥g£lJ.

1944-gh«ng £l« - ϪÂahé‹ bghUshjhu ts®¢Á¡fhd £l«.

k¡fŸ £l« - M.nf.uhŒ -1945

fhªÂ £l« - v°.M®.mf®thš - $k‹ehuhaz‹.

£l¡FG - 1950 £lälè‹ F¿¡nfhŸfs;:

bghUshjhu ts®¢Áia mÂfç¤J thœ¡ifj; ju¤ij K‹nd‰Wjš.

bghUshjhu °Âu¤j‹ik

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

bghUshjhuj; j‰rh®ò

r_f ÚÂ

eÅdkakhjš ϪÂag; bghUshjhu«- xU fy¥òg; bghUshjhu« -muR k‰W« jåah® Jiwfë‹ g§fë¥igf; bfh©lJ.

£l« M©L £l¤Â‹ bga® K¡»a neh¡f«

1st Plan 1951 – 1956 Harrod Domar Model étrha«

2nd Plan 1956 – 1961 Mahalanobis plan fdufj;njhopy; tsu;r;rp

3rd Plan 1961 – 1966

Annual plans 1966 – 1969 ( Plan Holidays)

4th Plan 1969 – 1974

gRikg; Gul;rp

5th Plan 1974 – 1979 DD jh° £l« tWik xê¥ò (Garibi

Hatto) k‰W« j‰rh®ò

Rolling Plan – 1978- 1980

6th Plan 1980 – 1985 - tWikxê¥òj;£l§fŸ,

ntiythŒ¥ò

7th Plan 1985 – 1990 - -

1990 – 1992 – Annual Plans

8th Plan 1992 – 1997 - -

9th Plan 1997 – 2002 - -

10th Plan 2002 – 2007 - mo¥gil¡ fšé

11th Plan 2007 – 2012 -

70MillionntiythŒ¥òfŸ k‰W« midtU¡F«

R¤jkhd FoÚ®

12th Plan2012 – 2017

ã Mnah¡- 1950Ïš V‰gL¤j¥g£l £lf; FG fiy¡f¥g£L ã Mnah¡ v‹w

mik¥ò 2014 M« M©L V‰gL¤j¥g£lJ. NDC ¡F gš Governing Council v‹w mik¥ò V‰gL¤j¥g£lJ. ã Mnah¡»‹ jiytuhf Ãujk kªÂçÍ«, Ãujk kªÂçahš ãaä¡f¥g£lt® Jizj; jiytuhfΫ brašgLt®. muéªj gdfhçah ã Mnah¡»‹ j‰nghija Jizj;jiyt®.

-------

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

1. ϪÂag; bghUshjhu«

(a) fy¥òg; bghUshjhu« (b) rªijg; bghUshjhu«

(c) rkjUkg; bghUshjhu« (d) vitÍäšiy.

2. njÁa ts®¢Áf; FGk« (NDC) kh‰w¥g£L ã Mnah¡»š ÑœtUkhW kh¿ÍŸsJ

(a) ã®thff; FG (b) ÃuhªÂaf; FG

(c) xU§»iz¥òf ; FG (d) vitÍäšiy.

3. F¿p£L £l« vªj Iªjh©L £l¤Â‹ Ñœ V‰W¡bfhŸs¥g£lJ.

(a) 4tJ ( Iªjh©L £l«) (b) 6tJ ( Iªjh©L £l«)

(c) 8tJ ( Iªjh©L £l«) (d) 9tJ ( Iªjh©L £l«)

4. ϪÂahé‰fhd £lä£l bghUshjhu« v‹w Ehiy vGÂat®

(a) kfyndhð (b) v«.v‹.uhŒ

(c) é°nt°tuŒah (d) neU

5. ã Mnah¡»‹ Jizj;jiyt®

(a) çr®t; t§» MSe® (b) k¤Âa ãÂaik¢r®

(c)Ãujk kªÂçahš ãaä¡f¥gLgt®

(d) k¤Âa ã¤Jiwr; bray®

6. vªj Iªjh©L £l¤Ây; étrha¤Â‰F K¡»a¤Jt« bfhL¡f¥g£lJ

(a) Kjš £l« (b) Ïu©lhtJ £l«

(c) _‹whtJ £l« (d) eh‹fhtJ £l«

7. tWik xê¥ò £l§fŸ (fçà f£lhnth)

(a) _‹whtJ £l« (b) eh‹fhtJ £l«

(c) IªjhtJ £l« (d) VHhtJ £l«

8. mo¥gilf;fšé 2007¡FŸ »il¡f nt©L« vd F¿¡nfhisf; bfh©l £l«

(a) MwhtJ £l« (b) VHhtJ £l«

(c) v£lhtJ £l« (d) g¤jhtJ £l«

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

9. vªj Iªjh©L £l¤Ây gRikg;òu£Áj; £l« mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ?

(a) KjyhtJ £l« (c) Ïu©lhtJ £l«

(c) Mz;Lj; £l« (d) eh‹fhtJ £l«

10. £l¡FG fiy¡f¥g£L ã Mnah¡ cUth¡f¥g£l M©L

(b) 2014 (d) 2015

(c) 2016 (d) 2017 -------

t§»æaš:-

ϪÂahéš t§»ahdJ »Ã.1770M« M©oš ϪJ°jh‹ t§» v‹w bgaçš

Jt§f¥g£lJ. ÃwF 1782y ; Ï›t§» _l¥g£lJ. j‰fhy eilKiwæš 1806-š

t§fhst§» vd t§fhs khãy¤Âš Jt§f¥g£lJ.

1840 g«ghŒ t§» 1843 bk£uh° t§» 1894 gŠrh¥ neõdš t§» 1921 Ï«Õçaš ng§¡ (g«ghŒ t§» + t§fhs t§» + bk£uh°

t§») 1955 #&iy 1« ehŸ Ï«Õçaš t§» ghuj °nl£ t§»ahf

cUbtL¤jJ.

j‰fhy çr®› t§»ahdJ 1934 çr®› t§»r; r£l¤Â‹ Ñœ 1935M« M©L 5 nfho

KjÄ£Ll‹ bjhl§f¥g£lJ.

çr®› t§»ahdJ ϪÂa muÁ‹ c¢r t§» mik¥ghfΫ, j‹dh£Á

bfh©lhjhfΫ Ïa§»tU»wJ. Ï›t§»æ‹ Ñœ

bghJj ; Jiw t§»fŸ+ IDBI + MAHILA BANK + 6 ASSOCIATE BANKS OF SBI

SLR – r£l Ú®ik é»j« - xU F¿¥Ã£l msÎ it¥ò¤bjhifia tâf

t§»fŸ j‹ålnk it¤J¡bfhŸSjš . j‰bghGJ – 20%

CRR – buh¡ff; ifæU¥ò é»j« - tâf t§»fŸ bkh¤j it¥ò ãÂæš

F¿¥Ã£l msÎ buh¡f¤ij çr®› t§»æš it¥òãÂahf itj;J ÏU¤jš

nt©L«. j‰bghGJ – 4%

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

Bank Rate - t§» é»j« - çr®› t§»ahdJ tâf t§»fS¡F tH§F«

Ú©lfhyf; flå‹ t£o é»j«.

Repo Rate - t§» é»j« - çr®› t§»ahdJ tâf t§»fS¡F tH§F«

FW»afhyf; flå‹ t£o é»j« - 6%

Reverse Repo Rate - t§» é»j« - çr®› t§»ahdJ tâf t§»fS¡F

tH§F« FW»afhyf; flå‹ t£o é»j« - 05.75%

egh®L t§» (1982) - »uhk¥òwts®¢Á, étrha¡fl‹t£lhu Cuf (étrha flD¡fhd c¢r t§») t§»fŸ v¡Á« t§Á (1982) - Ïw¡Fk k‰W« V‰Wk fl‹ tH§F« t§»

IDBI - (1964) - bjhêšJiw¡fhd fl‹ trÂ

SDBI - (1990) - ÁWbjhêš ts®¢Á t§»

Ïitfis j鮤J IFCE – bjhêš ts®¢Á t§», SFCS M»at‰¿š c¢r mik¥ghf çr®› t§» brašgL»wJ. Ïj‹ jiyikaf« K«ig, j‰bghGija çr®›t§» MSe® - c®í¤gnlš. çr®› t§»æ‹ gâfŸ

1. jhŸ gz« btëæLjš. 2. k¤Âa muÁ‹ t§» k‰W« c¢r t§» 3. t§»fS¡F fl‹ më¤jš, t§»fë‹ brašgh£il xG§FgL¤Jjš.

UTI ---------- 1964 SEBI ---------- 1988 (Security exchange Bank of India) ICICI ----------- 1955 LIC ------------ September 1956 with 5 Crores Capital from India Government GIC ----------- 22nd November 1972

1. çr®› t§» njÁa kakh¡f¥g£l M©L

(a) 1948 (b) 1949

(c) 1950 (d) 1951

2. j‰bghGija SLR Rate

(a) 25% (b) 30%

(c) 20% (d) 15%

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

3. j‰bghGija Repo Rate

(a) 10% (b) 9%

(c) 8% (d) 6%

4. t§» é»j eilKiwfis çr®› t§» cgnahfgL¤JtJ

(a) Ú©lfhy flD¡F (b) FW»a fhy flD¡F

(c) k¤Âa fhy flD¡F (d) Ïit mid¤Â‰F«

5. Repo RateI çr®› t§» ga‹gL¤JtJ

(a) Ú©lfhy flD¡F (b) FW»a fhy flD¡F

(c) k¤Âa fhy flD¡F (d) Ïit mid¤Â‰F«

6. Reverse Repo Rate v‹gJ

(a) t§»fŸ çr®› t§»æl« fl‹ bgW« é»j«

(b) çr®› t§» njÁakakh¡f¥g£l t§»fël« fl‹ bgW« é»j«

(c) Repco t§» çr®› t§»æl« fl‹ bgW« é»j«

(d) çr®› t§» Repco t§»æl« fl‹ bgW« é»j«

7. çr®› t§»æ‹ j‰nghija nkjF MSe®

(a) ÂU.u§fuh#‹ (b) ÂU. uFuh« uh#‹

(c) ÂU.uhkuh#‹

(d) ÂU. c®í¤g£nlš

8. t§» Óuik¥ò¡F mik¡f¥g£l FG

(a) euÁ«k‹ fä£o (b) u§fuh#‹ fä£o

(c) uh#‹ bršiyŒah fä£o (d) mid¤J«

9. KYC v‹gJ

(a) xU t§» (b) t§»æš ga‹gL« fâå bk‹bghUŸ

(c) t§»fŸ tho¡ifahsiu m¿jš

(d) jåah® t§»

AGRICULTURE

ntsh©ik, ϪÂa bjhêyhs®fë‹ x£L bkh¤j éG¡fh£oš 64% g§fë¥ghf cŸsJ.

cŸeh£L tUkhd¤Âš 18.5% ntsh©ik bjhêè‹ g§F cŸsJ.

ϪÂa bkh¤j ãy¥gu¥ghd 328.7äšèa‹ bA¡nlçš Rkh® 695.5 Ïy£r«

bA¡nl® étrha¤Â‰F ga‹gL¤j¥gL»wJ.

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

FW étrhæfŸ - 1 bA¡nl® FiwÎ 59% ÁW étrhæfŸ - 1-4 bA¡nl® 32%

eL¤ju étrhæfŸ - 4-10 bA¡nl® 7.2% bgU étrhæfŸ - 10 bA¡nlU¡F nkš 1.6%

Iªjh©L £l§fŸ _ykhf étrha¤Â‰F K¡»aj;Jt«

Kjš Iªjh©L¤Â£l« - »H¡F Inuh¥Ãa ehLfë‹ K¡»a¤Jt« thŒªj

Harrod Domar Model ia Ëg‰¿ £läl¥g£lJ. _‹whtJ Iªjh©L¤Â£l« - gRik¥òu£Á gRik¥òu£Á

-

czÎ jhåa c‰g¤Â

bt©ik¥òu£Á - ghš c‰g¤Â kŠrŸ òu£Á - v©bzŒé¤J¡fŸ Úy¥òu£Á - Û‹ c‰g¤Â ÏsŠÁt¥ò òu£Á - Ïwhš c‰g¤Â gG¥ò ãw òu£Á - eWkz bghUs; c‰g¤Â(Vyf;fha;>fpuhk;G> Át¥ò òu£Á - Ïiw¢Á / j¡fhë j§fãw¥òu£Á - gH tiffŸ rh«gš ãw òu£Á - cu§fŸ cyf Û‹ c‰g¤Âæš ÏªÂah _‹whtJ Ïl«

gRik¥òu£Á -1964M« M©L - lh¡l® v«.v°.Rthäehjd;>(,e;jpa

gRikg;Gul;rpapd; je;ij) >

gRikg; Gul;rpapd; je;ij – ehu;kd; Nghu;yhf;>

gRikg; Gul;rp vd;w nrhy;iy Kjd; Kjypy; cUthf;fpatu; William Gaud

neh¡f« - czÎ jhåa c‰g¤Â bgU¡f« - HYVS - éijfis cgnah»¤jš, cu« cgnah»¤jš - mçÁ, nfhJik cŸë£l czÎ jhåa c‰g¤Â bgU¡f«.

étrha fl‹fŸ- NABARD - c¢r t§»

RRBs & PACBs têahf étrha¤Â‰fhd fl‹fŸ

RRB - Regional Rural Bank.

PACB - Primary Agricultural Co-Operative Bank.

ntsh©fh¥ÕL - AIC - Agricultural Insurance Corporation (2002-03)

njÁa ntsh© fh¥Õ£L¤Â£l« - ( NAIS ) =

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

Ïj‹ Ñœ 35 tifahd gæ®fŸ (Kharif Crops) 30 tifahd (Rabi Crops) fh¥ÕLbrŒa¥gL»‹wd.

NABARD(1982),RRB(1975). Agricultural Marketing:-

NAFED - 1958 - National Agricultural Co-operative Marketing Federation TRIFED - 1987 - Tribal Co-operative Marketing Development Corporation

NCDC - 1963 - National Co-operative Development Corporation

MSP - Minimum Support Price – Fiwªjg£r Mjhuéiy CACPahš m¿é¡f¥gL»wJ.

CACP - 1985 - Commission for Agricultural Cost & Price

1. FWétrhæfŸ v‹gJ

(a) 1 bA¡nlU¡F Fiwthdepy« (b) 1-4 bA¡nl®

(c) 4 – 10 bA¡nl® (d) 10 bA¡nl®¡F nkš

2. ÁWétrhæfŸ v‹gJ

(a) 1 bA¡nlU¡F Fiwthd ãy« (b) 1-4 bA¡nl®

(c) 4 – 10 bA¡nl® (d) 10 bA¡nl®¡F nkš

3. RRB »uhk ts®¢Á t§»fŸ V‰gL¤j¥g£l M©L

(a) 1974 (b) 1975

(c) 1976 (d) 1977

4. gRik òu£Áædhš c‰g¤Â bgU¡f« V‰g£lJ

(a) nfhJik (b) beš

(c) nrhs« (d) mid¤J«

5. gRik òu£Á vªj M©L V‰gL¤j¥g£lJ

(a) 1964 (b) 1974

(c) 1984 (d) 1954

6. Fiwªj g£r Mjhu éiy v‹gJ

(a) murhš m¿é¡f¥gL« bfhŸKjš éiy (b) rªij éiy

(c) murhš m¿é¡f¥gL« éãnahf éiy (d) vJΫ Ïšiy

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

7. njÁa ntsh©ik fh¥Õ£L £l« NAIS m¿Kf¥gL¤j¥g£l M©L

(a) 1990 -2000 (b) 2004

(c) 2000 - 2001 (d) 2002- 2003

8. NAFED Jt§f¥g£l M©L

(a) 1958 (b) 1963

(c) 1971 (d) 1985

9. njÁa ntsh©ik bfhŸif V‰gL¤j¥g£l M©L

(a) 2000 (b) 2001

(c) 2002 (d) 2003

10. njÁa njh£l¡fiy £l« vªj Iªjh©L £l¤Â‹ Ñœ Jt§f¥g£lJ

(a) 5tJ (b) 8tJ

(c) 9tJ (d) 10tJ

bjhê‰rhiyfŸ

Industrial Policy Resolution 1948 ( Áahksh Ãurh¤)

1. ÏuhQt jsthl§fŸ, Ïuæšnt, mDr¡Â M»ait -muÁ‹ K‰Wçik.

2. ãy¡fç, ÏU¥ò, f¥gš f£Lkhd«, ékhd«,-muRlik.

3. xG§FgL¤j¥g£lit = jhåa§», fduf ÏaªÂu§fŸ,Ïurhad«,cu«,

r®¡fiu,jh®,Ábk‹£, gU¤Â.

Industries Development and Regulation Act 1951

Comprehensive Industrial policy Resolution 1956

Arhç¡FG - 1967 - bjhêš cçk« tH§F« Kiw j¤FG - 1969 - bjhêš cçk« tH§F« Kiw

MRTP ACT - 1969 - t®¤jf Vfnghf cçik jL¥ò r£l«

FERA - 1973 - mªãa bryhtâ xG§FKiw r£l«

Industrial Policy State Act - 1977 òÂa bjhêš bfhŸif - 1991

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

Ïu©lh« Iªjh©L £l¤Âš (1956-61) fduf bjhêšfS¡F K¡»a¤Jt«

bfhL¡f¥£lJ.

FEMA - mªãa bryhtâ nkyh©ik¢r£l«.

Sick Industries Act - 1985 - eètilªj ãWtd§fŸ r£l«

bjhêšJiw¡fhd fl‹ ãWtd§fŸ:-

IDBI - Industrial Development Bank of India 1964 IFCI - Industrial Finance Corporation of India 1948 IFCS - Industrial Finance Corporations ICICI - Industrial Credit and Investment corporation of India 1955 TIIC - Tamil Nadu Industrial Investment corporation SIDBI - Small Industrial Development Bank of India 1980

1. fduf bjhêšfS¡F K¡»a¤Jt« bfhL¤j Iªjh©L¤Â£l«

(a) Ïu©lh« Iªjh©L¤Â£l« (b) _‹wh« Iªjh©L¤Â£l«

(c) eh‹fh« Iªjh©L¤Â£l« (d) v£lh« Iªjh©L¤Â£l«

2. Arhç¡ fä£o V‰gL¤j¥g£lJ

(a) bjhêš cçk« bgWjš bjhl®ghf

(b) t®¤jf Vfnghf cçikia jL¡f

(c) bghJ¤Jiw ãWtd§fë‹ g§Ffisf; fisa

(d) Ïit mid¤J«

3. eètilªj ãWtd§fŸ r£l« Ïa‰w¥g£l M©L

(a) 1981 (b) 1982

(c) 1983 (d) 1985 4. bghJ¤Jiw ãWtd§fëš muÁ‹ g§fë¥ig Fiw¥gJ bjhl®ghd

u§fuh#‹ FG V‰gL¤j¥g£l M©L

(a) 1990 (b) 1991

(c) 1992 (d) 1993

5. òÂa bjhêš bfhŸif cUth¡f¥g£l M©L

(a) 1990 (b) 1991

(c) 1992 (d) 1993

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

k¡fŸ bjhif

2011 M« M©L k¡fŸ bjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‹go ϪÂa k¡fŸ bjhif

121.019nfho

mÂf k¡fŸ bjhif – c¤Âu¥Ãunjr« - 19.9 nfho kfhuhZ£uh - 11.23 nfho Õfh® - 10.38 nfho nk‰F t§fhs« - 9.13 nfho jäœ ehL - 7.2 nfho k¡fŸml®¤Â - xU rJu »nyh Û£lU¡F382 eg®fŸ ϪÂa k¡fŸ bjhif kh‰w« Kjš ãiy - 1901 – 1921 - Ãw¥ò é»j« mÂf«, Ïw¥ò é»j« mÂf«

k¡fŸ bjhifæš kh‰w« Ïšiy. Ïu©lh«ãiy - 1921 – 1951 - Ãw¥ò é»j« mÂf«, Ïw¥ò é»j« FiwÎ

k¡fŸ bjhif mÂfç¥ò _‹wh« ãiy - 1951 – 1981 - Ãw¥ò é»j« FiwÎ, Ïw¥ò é»j« FiwÎ

k¡fŸ bjhif ts®¢Á eh‹fh« ãiy - 1981 – 2011 - k¡fŸ bjhif Fiwtj‰fhd m¿F¿fŸ

ghèd é»j« - 940/1000 nfush - mÂf ghèd é»j« - 1048/1000 ruhrç MÍ£fhy« - 66 taJ

fšéa¿Î - 74.4 %

nfush khãy« - 93.91 % - mÂf«

Õfh® khãy« - 63.82 % - FiwÎ òÂa njÁa k¡fŸ bfhŸif 2000

2045¡FŸ k¡fŸ bjhif ts®¢Áia ó{akh¡FtJ.

khšjR k¡fŸ bjhif nfh£ghL 1798 (1) mÂf k¡fŸ bjhif r_f nk«ghLfis gh¡»wJ. (2) k¡fŸ bjhif ts®¢Á czÎ g‰wh¡Fiwia V‰gL¤Â eh£il tWikæš

Mœ¤J»wJ

c¤jk msÎ nfh£ghL (Optimum theory of Population

(1924 – v£é‹nfd‹)

1. ϪÂahé‹ k¡fŸ bjhif 2011M« M©o‹ fz¡Ñ£o‹go

(a) 121 nfho (b) 102.7 nfho

(c) 84.63 nfho (d) 107.2 nfho

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

2. jäœ eh£o‹ k¡fŸ bjhif 2011M« M©o‹ fz¡Ñ£o‹go

(a) 6.2 nfho (b) 7.2 nfho

(c) 9.2 nfho (d) 6 nfho

3. 2011M« M©o‹ fz¡Ñ£o‹go k¡fŸ bjhif ml®¤Â xU rJu ».Û.¡F

(a) 267 (b) 327

(c) 382 (d) 328

4. ϪÂahéš mÂf k¡fŸ bjhif bfh©l khãy«

(a) c¤ÂuÃunjr« (b) Õfh®

(c) nk‰F t§fhs« (d) kfhuhZuh

5. 2011M« M©o‹ fz¡Ñ£o‹go ghèd é»j«

(a) 928 (b) 938

(c) 940 (d) 950

6. ϪÂa k¡fë‹ ruhrç MÍ£fhy«

(a) 60 (b) 61

(c) 65 (d) 66

2011 M«M©o‹ k¡fŸ bjhif fz¡Ñ£o‹go »uhk¥òw§fëš thG« k¡fŸ

rjé»j«

(a) 60 (b) 70

(c) 80 (d) 50

8. c¤jk k¡fŸ bjhif nfh£gh£oid më¤jt®

(a) khšj° (b) v£é‹nfd‹

(c) lhšl‹ (d) vitÍäšiy

ntiythŒ¥ò k‰W« tWik xê¥ò £l§fŸ

Kj‹Kiwahf 5tJ Iªjh©L £l¤Âš tWikna XL (Garibi Hato) v‹w bfhŸifæ‹ mo¥gilæš tWik xê¥ò¡fhd ntiythŒ¥ò £l§fŸ m¿Kf¥gL¤j¥g£ld.

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

tWik¡fhd fhuz§fŸ – k¡fŸ bjhif ts®¢Á, Fiwthd jyh tUkhd«, bgU«gh‹ik étrha bghUshjhu«, _yjd g‰whFiw, gHikahd bjhêšE£g«, fšé mik¥ò Kiw, gzÅ¡f«, CHš Kjyhdit.

»uhkg;òw tWik xê¥ò £l§fŸ:-

TRYSEM - »uhk ÏisP®fŸ Ra ntiythŒ¥òg ; gæ‰Á - 1979

IRDP - xU§»izªj Cuf ts®¢Á £l« - 1980

FOOD FORWORK - ntiy¡F czΠ£l« - 1977-78

RLEGP - Cuf ãyäšyh bjhêyhs® ntiythŒ¥ò cW £l«

- 1983

DWCRA - Cuf kfë® FHªijfŸ nk«gh£Lj;£l« - 1982

NREP - njÁa Cuf ntiythŒ¥ò cWÂj; £l« - 1980

MILLION WELLS SCHEME - 1983

SITRA - Supply of Improved Tools and kits for Rural Artisans - 1992

JRY - #tf® nuh°fh® nah#dh - 1989

EAS - ntiythŒ¥ò cW £l« - 1993

NFWP - njÁa ntiy¡F czΣl« - 2004

SGSY - Swarnajayanthi Gram Swarozgar Yojana (Kªija

IRDP, TRYSEM, DWCRA, MILLION WELLS SCHEME, SITRA,Ganga Kalyan Yojana M»ait xU§»iz¡f¥g£lJ.)

- 1999

NREGP - 2006

MGNREGP – kfh¤khfhªÂ njÁa Cuf ntiythŒ¥ò c¤Âuthj £l«. ÏJ 2005

Ïš njÁa Cuf ntiythŒ¥ò cWÂaë¥ò r£l¤Â‹ mo¥gilæš bfh©L tu¥g£lJ.

2010k; Mz;L m¡nlhg® 02M« ehŸ Kjš MGNREGP vd bga® kh‰w¥g£lJ.

neh¡f«

»uhk¤Âš cŸs gÂÎ brŒj FoæU¥nghU¡F 100 ehŸ ntiy

Indira Awas yojana –(1997-98)- Ïytr ÅLfŸ f£o¤jUjš

ef®òw tWik xê¥ò £l§fŸ

SEPUP - ef®¥òw ViH¡fhd RantiythŒ¥ò £l« - 1986 NRY - neU Nuh[;fh® nah#dh - 1989 SUWE - Scheme for Urban Wage employment - 1990 PMIUPEP - Prime Minister’s Integrated Urban Poverty Eradication

Programme - 1995

SJSRY - Swarnajayanthi Sahari Rozgar Yojana -

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

ϪÂag;nghUshjhu¤Â‹ j‹ik

1. ϪÂahtpd; nkh¤j cŸeh£L c‰g¤Âæš Primary Sector Contributes

only 14.1%.

2. nrit¤Jiw cŸeh£L c‰g¤Âæš Rkh® 66%jdJ g§fë¥ig

më¡»wJ.

3. 56.8%rjÅj« bjhêyhs®fŸ Ï‹wsΫ étrha¤ijna rh®ªJŸsd®.

vdnt, étrha« 14%, nrit 66%, bjhêšJiw 18.4%vd, cŸeh£L

c‰g¤Â¡F g§fë¥ig brŒjnghÂY« ϪÂa bghUshjhu« xU

étrha bghUshjhunk.

4. Fiwªj jåeg® tUkhd«.

5. tUkhd V‰wj;jhœÎ - 39% »uhk k¡fŸ bjhif 5% rjÅj

brh¤ijÍ«, 8% »uhk k¡fŸ bjhif ÛjKŸs 46% brh¤ijAk;

bfh©LŸsJ.

6. mÂf k¡fŸ bjhif – ϪÂa k¡fŸ bjhif, cy»‹ k¡fŸ

bjhifæš 16.7%rjÅj« MF« Mdhš ãy mséš ÏªÂah

2.42%.rjÅj« k£Lnk.

7. Fiwthd _yjd cUth¡f« = ϪÂahé‹ nrä¥ò FiwÎ k‰W«

mÂf Ef®édhš, cŸeh£L _yjd cUth¡f« Fiwthf cŸsJ.

mjhtJ, 40%.¡F« Fiwthd _yjd cUth¡f«.

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

ã¡FG

ϪÂa muÁayik¥ò r£l« é 280, ã¡FG Iªjh©LfS¡F xUKiw ã¡FOtpid mik¡f #dhÂg¡F mÂfhu« më¡»wJ. ÏJ xU jiytiuÍ« eh‹F cW¥Ãd®fisÍ« bfh©lJ. k¤Âa, khãy muRfS¡»ilna tç cŸë£l ãÂia g»®ªjë¥gJ kw;Wk; ã Mjhu§fis bgU¡fg; gçªJiu¥gJ Ïj‹ K¡»ag ; gâahF«.

KjšFG -1951 – 1953 – jiyt® nf.Á.ãah»

13th Finance Commission appointed under the chairmanship of

Mr. Vijai Kelkar, Submitted its report on 30/12/2009 for the period(2010-15)

14th Finance Commission’s Chairman – Dr.Y.V.Reddy, for the period of

2015-2020

Disinvestment

Public Sector Enterprise Ïš cŸs muÁ‹ g§Ffis é‰gJ.

Rangarajan Committee on Disinvestment -1990

Disvestment Commission-1993

muÁ‹ g§Ffis 44%. tiu é‰gid brŒa muR bfhŸif

KoÎvL¡f¥g£lJ.

Token disinvestment – 5 to 10%.

Disinvestment in PSU

Non strategic P.S.U - 25% below

Strategic disinvestment - Strategic PSU - maximum up to 51%

MFIL, BALCO, CMCL, HTC, IBPL, VSNL, ITDC, IPCL, etc totally 13 PSU M»a bghJ¤Jiw ãWtd§fë‹ g§FfŸ é‰gid brŒa¥g£ld.

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

CAPITAL FORMATION AND INVESTMENT GCF – Gross Capital formation FDI - Foreign Direct investment – 1.Negative list (FDI not allowed )

2.only to a specified limit 3.100%FDI permitted. FIAB – Foreign investment Approval Board. FDI Flow - cŸeh£L nrä¥ò k£Lnk eh£o‹ _yjd KjÄLfS¡F¥ nghJkhdjhf Ïšiy. vdnt, mªãa neuo KjÄL M©L¡F g¤J Úèa‹ mbkç¡f lhy®fŸ njit vd Ïy¡F ã®zæ¡f¥g£lJ. mªãa neuo KjÄL, _yjd« k£Läšyhkš, bjhêš E£g« k‰W« Óça ã®thf ÂwikiaÍ« xU§nf bfh©L tU« . mªãa KjÄ£L tiffŸ

1. Foreign Equity investment. 2. Foreign portfolio investment. 3. Foreign Institutional investment 4. ADR & GDR ( Global depository Receipts & American |Depository

Receipts) 2009-10M« M©L tiu mªãa neuo KjyPL Rkh® 136.86 Úèa‹ mbkç¡f lhyuhf cŸsJ.

Top FDI Equity investors – Mauritius, US,UK,Singapore, Netherland, Japan, Germeny, France, Cyprus,Switzerland. WTO – cyf t®¤jf ãWtd« 1930 fëš V‰g£l cyfg; bghUshjhu rçitaL¤J 23 ehLfŸ

x‹¿izªJ m¡nlhg® 30, 1947Ïš GATT v‹w mik¥ig cUth¡»d.

GATT – General Agreement on Trade & Tariff. ÏJ #dtç 1 /1948Ïš eilKiw¡F tªjJ.

GATT mik¥ò or«g® 12, 1995Ïš WTO v‹W bgau; kh‰w¥g£L #dtç1, 1995Kjš eilKiw¡F tªjJ.

Department of Employment and Training, Tamil Nadu, Study Material For Competitive Examinations

neh¡f« 1. cW¥ò ehLfëilna ãahakhd, rkkhd t®¤jf¤ij V‰gL¤Jjy;. 2. t®¤jf ßÂahd ehLfëilna cŸs jilia Fiw¥gJ. 3. t®¤jf ßÂahd ehLfS¡»ilnaahd Ãu¢ridfis ngÁ Ô®¥gJ

cŸë£lit.

MFN – Most Favoured Nation Status

ϪÂah V¥uš 15, 1994 Kjy; GATTÏš cW¥Ãduhf cŸsJ.

GLOBALISATION – LIBERLISATION - PRIVATISATION

#]iy 1991Ïš euÁ«kuh› jiyikapyhd kªÂç rig, òÂa bjhêš

bfhŸifia m¿Kfg;gL¤ÂaJ.

LIBERALISATION – bjhêšfS¡fhd cçk« tH§F« bfhŸifæš

bgçabjhU kh‰w« bfh©L tu¥g£L, xU Áy muR JiwfŸ j鮤J k‰w

Jiwfis jåahU¡F bjhêš bjhl§f cçk« tH§f¥g£lJ.

PRIVATISATION - ÂU.u§fuh#‹ jiyikæš Disinvestment Committee mik¡f¥g£L, muR ãWtd§fëš cŸs muRg; g§fë¥ò éy¡f¥g£lJ.

GLOBALISATION - ϪÂag ; bghUshjhu« cyfg ; bghUshjhu¤Jl‹

Ïiz¡f¥gl FERA v‹w mik¥ò Ú¡f¥g£L FEMA v‹w òÂa mik¥ò

V‰gL¤j¥g£lJ.

1991 òÂa bjhêš bfhŸifæ‹go, Mšf`hyp¡ bghU£fŸ,

òifæiyg ; bghU£fŸ, vy¡£uhå¡ bghU£fŸ, btobghU£fŸ k‰W«

hazardous Chemical M»a IªJ tifahd ãWtd§fŸ bjhl§f bjhêšJiw

cçk« bgwnt©L« vdΫ k‰wt‰¿‰Fj; njitæšiy vdΫ Tw¥g£lJ.

uæšnt kw;Wk; mQr¡Â muÁlnk ÏU¡F« vdΫ KobtL¡f¥g£lJ.

mašehL thœ ϪÂa®fŸ 100 % neuo mªãa KjÄ£L¡F mDkÂ

më¡f¥g£lJ.