a.1 gps/gnsssakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 n s w e 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: opvw...

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A.1 GPS/GNSS [email protected] A.1.1 GPS GPS GPS { 29 GPS 6 10 13 m95% GPS GLONASS Galileo GNSSglobal navigation satellite system GPS GPS GPS 9 IIR-M L2C A.1.7 SBAS satellite-based augmentation system WAAS 2003 7 EGNOS 7 MSAS SBAS 2 GPS/GNSS GPS GPS GNSS GPS/GNSS A.1.2 GPS GPS GPS A.1.2.1 2 2 3 3 3

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Page 1: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

A.1 GPS/GNSS

[email protected]

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Page 2: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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Page 3: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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Page 4: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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Page 5: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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Page 6: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

#1

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300 = 6

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125

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Page 7: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

! 1: GPSjX

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Page 8: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

! 2: Ô6Óµ 1

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69 16 Crs 89567 Ä5 . m4 91 16 Ån Ä31 . sc/s

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o6 151 16 Cuc 89567 Ä29 . rad

159 8 MSBe ?@A Ä337 181 24 LSB

o8 211 16 Cus 89567 Ä29 . rad

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Page 9: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

! 4: Ô6Óµ 3

1 1 22 TLM 2 31 22 HOW 3 61 16 Cic 89567 Ä29 . rad

77 8 MSBä0 DE=FG Ä31 . sc4 91 24 LSB

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o7 181 16 Crc 89567 Ä5 . m

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3775

+

2664

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Crc Crs

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3775

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sin 2û

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x

y

z

3775 =

2664

cosä Ä sinä cos i

sinä cosä cos i

0 sin i

3775

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r sinu

#

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uPK=+¿pTa GPS

56hi 80aIODE IODC

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Page 10: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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2+ x4

24

ëi;

jxj < 1:57

5Ç 10Ä9F; jxj ï 1:57

(15)

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Page 11: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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6 151 24pA +,89 Ä11 m1=2

7 181 24 ä0 :;<=> Ä23 0 sc8 211 24 ! ?@<A Ä23 0 sc9 241 24 M0 BC?</ Ä23 0 sc10 271 8 MSB af0 #D#EFG

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! 6: Ô6Óµ 4 18

1 1 22 TLM 2 31 22 HOW 3 63 6 SV ID HI ID = 56

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4 91 8 ã2 JKEFG Ä24 0 s/sc2

99 8 ã3 JKEFG Ä24 0 s/sc3

107 8 å0 JKEFG 11 0 s5 121 8 å1 JKEFG 14 0 s/sc

129 8 å2 JKEFG 16 0 s/sc2

137 8 å3 JKEFG 16 0 s/sc3

6 151 24 A1 UTCLMN Ä50 0 s/s7 181 24 MSB

A0 UTCLMN Ä30 0 s8 211 8 LSB

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tç tL = 12 Ç 3600ïi + t 0@g

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)(17)

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PER = max

(20Ç 3600;

3Xi=0

åi ûmi

)(18)

FfFX:ïð¸Êvw (0²

Page 12: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

0 6 12 18 240

10

20

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† =0:00137

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8>><>>:

ûi0; jûi0j î 0:416

0:416; ûi0 > 0:416

Ä0:416; ûi0 < Ä0:416

(21)

ïi = ïu +† sinAZ

cosûi

(22)

ûm = ûi + 0:064 cos(ïi Ä 1:617) (23)

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ph 0¾¿:GPSEFGK=´ph

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tUTC = tÄÅtUTC (24)

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A0; A1 USNO3ûph UTCþW,6

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Page 13: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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r2 =p

(x2 Ä x)2 + (y2 Ä y)2 + (z2 Ä z)2 + s...

rN =p

(xN Ä x)2 + (yN Ä y)2 + (zN Ä z)2 + s

(27)

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0²/²*»ÑÏ 3:¹27

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1* -ÂKL s6ó½+Ã#2ò8+6

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1x; y; z; s #Ú

x0; y0; z0; s06Z¿W0

2x0; y0; z0; s0"/8êfg"#

7+,ù8Ú6hiW08>>>>><>>>>>:

r01=p

(x1 Ä x0)2 + (y1 Ä y0)2 + (z1 Ä z0)2 + s0

r02=p

(x2 Ä x0)2 + (y2 Ä y0)2 + (z2 Ä z0)2 + s0

...

r0N=p

(xN Ä x0)2 + (yN Ä y0)2 + (zN Ä z0)2 + s0

(28)

#1

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r2

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Åx+ @r1@y

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Ås

År2 = @r2@x

Åx+ @r2@y

Åy + @r2@z

Åz + @r2@s

Ås...

ÅrN = @rN@x

Åx+ @rN@y

Åy + @rN@z

Åz + @rN@s

Ås

(29)

L¥¸r¹:´w,0ÅriÂv.#

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Page 14: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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=

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3777775(34)

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Page 15: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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Page 16: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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Page 17: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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Page 18: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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Page 19: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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Page 20: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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yz¸Ê100 m 95% 13 m 95%; ~z

300 m 99.99% 36 m 95%; ѪOv

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Page 21: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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.... . .

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Page 22: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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Page 23: A.1 GPS/GNSSsakai/pub/symp05_tutorial.pdf05 17 15 21 23 26 29 30 N S W E 30o 60o 0o 09 90o:3: OPvw GPS \V‚ v}2000 Ì 12 ˝3 ” ‘|!‡ dW / KL˘ˆ 0 ’“ ×Ø» @ œ @ œ‚s

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/1/ Global Positioning System Standard Po-sitioning Service Performance Standard,DOD, Oct. 2001.http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/ J1

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/4/ Navstar GPS Space Segment / User SegmentL5 Interfaces, Interface Control Document,ICD-GPS-705, rev. 2, Dec. 2002.http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/ J1

/5/ IGSdhttp://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov/

/6/ Spilker, J. J. Jr.: \Chapter 13: TroposphericEãects on GPS," Global Positioning System:Theory and Applications, vol. I, pp. 517546,AIAA, 1996.

/7/ ÛeßÚNFf: ¡AaKá@ØÉÊh@Gò]H«U1999.

/8/ äï¨TgdÌ!hN2000./9/ Parkinson, B. W.: \Chapter 11: GPS Error

Analysis," Global Positioning System: The-ory and Applications, vol. I, pp. 469483,AIAA, 1996.

/10/ Parkinson, B. W., et. al.: Global PositioningSystem: Theory and Applications, AIAA,1996.

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/13/ ij: \nëtì&Z±³MSASü"ËS]% GPSA 2002pp. 8185Nov. 2002.

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/15/ ekl3: \1.3: GPSçWáî"ËS]%GPSA 2000pp.1930Nov. 2000.

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/17/ RTCM Recommended Standard for Diãeren-tial GNSS, Version 2.2, RTCM SC-104, Pa-per 194-93/SC104-STD, Jan. 1998.

/18/ Kalafus, R. M., Dierendonck, A. J., andPealer, N. A.: \Special Committee 104Recommendations for Diãerential GPS Ser-vice," Global Positioning System, vol. III,pp. 101116, Institute of Navigation, 1986.

/19/ IGSdhttp://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov/igscb/data/format/rinex210.txt

/20/ Technical Characteristics of DiãerentialTransmissions for GNSS from Maritime Ra-dio Beacons in the Frequency Band 283.5315 KHz in Region 1 and 285325 KHz inRegions 2 and 3, ITU-R M.823-1, 1996.

/21/ oÊps : \QZSS­"ËS]% GPS/GNSS A 2004pp. 75110Nov. 2004.

/22/ qrst: GPSJuh@Gò]H«U2003.

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