a579 ay 05-06 son tay case study

7/28/2019 A579 AY 05-06 Son Tay Case Study

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SON TAY RAID

A579SOF Historical Case Studies

Major Bill PattonMajor Dennis Levesque

9 January 2006

Son Tay Raid21 November 1970


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SON TAY RAID

PURPOSETo provide insight into the planning

considerations, skills and techniques employed

during a long range POW rescue attempt in anon-permissive environment.

Also to provide the tactical, operational, and

strategic effects created by the conduct of theraid.


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SON TAY RAID

AGENDA References Situation

Area Of Operation

Strategic Overview Event Timeline

Threat Overview

Task Organization

Mission

Scheme of Maneuver

Operational Summary

Lessons Learned

Picture Here


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REFERENCES William H. McRaven, The Raid, (Novato: Presidio Press, 1995).

Chaim Herzog, The War Against Terrorism: Entebbe,From Troy toEntebbe, Special Operations in Ancient and Modern Times, ed. JohnArquilla, (Lanahm: University Press of America, Inc., 1996).

Iddo Netanyahu, Yonis Last Battle, trans. Yoram Hazoni, (Jerusalem:Gefen Publishing, 2002).

Yeshayahu Ben-Porat, Etian Haber and Zeev Schiff,Entebbe Rescue,trans. Louis Williams, (New York: Delacorte Press, 1977).

William Stevenson, 90 Minutes at Entebbe, (New York: Bantam

Books, 1976). David L. Wolper, prod., Victory at Entebbe, (Burbank: Warner

Brothers, 1976), Movie.


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SON TAY RAID

SITUATIONOn 27 June 1976, at 1230, Air France flight AF

139 was hijacked en route from Lod Airport in

Israel to Paris after an intermediate stop in Athens.The A300 airbus had 254passengers on board.

The four hijackers included two Germans (Baader-

Meinhof Gang) and two Palestinians. The aircraft

was ordered to Entebbe, Uganda where threemore terrorists and Ugandan military forces under

Idi Amin secured it and the hostages.


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SON TAY RAID

AREA OF OPERATION


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STRATEGIC OVERVIEW Israel recognized as a sovereign nation 1948 War for Independence, 1948

Arab-Israeli/Anglo-French War, 1956

Six-Day War, 1967 PLO is born

Arabs support terrorists

Yom-Kippur War, 1973 Sabena airliner hijacking

1972 Olympics kidnapping

May 1974 - Meir school kidnapping


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EVENT TIMELINE 27 Jun 76 1230 - Aircraft hijacked 28 Jun 76 0300 - Plane lands at Entebbe, Uganda 29 Jun 76 1530 - Terrorists state demands

Initial review of military options Rudimentary C-130 flight planning Informal review by CT and paratroopers

30 Jun 76 IDF Intel branch meets with officers with country

experience 47 Non-Jewish hostages released Retired COL Burka Bar-Lev contacts Idi Amin


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EVENT TIMELINE 1 Jul 76 0700 - Israel agrees to hostage / prisoner exchange

1300 Terrorists extend deadline (4 July)

1400 Original terrorist deadline

2nd COA developed

101 non-Israeli hostages arrive in Paris

2 Jul 76 0100 - Recall of personnel & OPORD brief

0700 2nd COA developed into final plan

Rehearsals begin

2200 C-130 Blackout landing @ Sharm-al-Sheik

A/C, vehicles, & equipment moved to LOD Airport


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EVENT TIMELINE 3 Jul 76 - PCI & Final brief to command & government

1130 - Final brief to operators

1320 - A/C Takeoff for Sharm-al-Shiek Final brief / update @ Sharm-al-Sheik

1530 - Takeoff from Sharm-al-Sheik

2301 - Lead A/C Touches Down at Entebbe

2352 - Initial A/C with hostages departs Entebbe

4 Jul 76 0040 - Last A/C departs Entebbe


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THREAT OVERVIEW

4 terrorists on flight

3 terrorists staged in Entebbe

Ugandan army provides outer security

Idi Amin acts as intermediary


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MISSION

Operation Thunderbolt Task Force seizes

Old Terminal 032300JUL76 in order to

regain positive control of Israeli civilians,expatriate Jews from Popular Front for the

Liberation of Palestine terrorists and return

them safely to Israel.


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INGRESS


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INGRESS

5 x C130 depart LOD airport (1 x C130flying spare) 031320JUL76

Land/Refuel at Sharm-a-Sheikh (Sinai)

4 x C130s depart Sharm-a-Sheikh031530JUL76 (still awaiting final orderfrom Rabin)

2 x 707s would later join the missiondirectly from Lod and serve as an airborneC2, and a medical platform in Kenya


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City of

Entebbe

New Terminal

Old Terminal

(Hostage Location)

N

Military Base

With MIGs

INFIL


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INFIL LOAD PLAN

GFC (BG Shomron)

35 x Commandos

52 x Paratroopers

1 x Mercedes

2 x LandRovers

Addl C2 personnel

BG Shomrons jeep

17 x Paratroopers

2 x APCs

30x Golani Infantry

2 x APCs

1 x Jeep

20 x Golani Infantry

20 x medical personnel

10 x Refueling personnel

1 x Fuel Pump
http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~marcsulf/nato/c130.gifhttp://alumnus.caltech.edu/~marcsulf/nato/c130.gifhttp://alumnus.caltech.edu/~marcsulf/nato/c130.gifhttp://alumnus.caltech.edu/~marcsulf/nato/c130.gif


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INFIL

New Terminal

Old Terminal

Military Base

&

MIG Parking

3

1

4

5

Entebbe

2 Infantry Offloads & Emplaces Lights

3 CT Unit, Paras, & C2 Element Offload

4 Paras Assault & Secure New Terminal

5 Mercedes & Land Rovers Engaged

N

2

1 1st A/C Lands


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ISOLATE

*McRaven, William. SPEC OP, Case studies in Special Operations Warfare: Theory and Practice


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DOMINATE

*McRaven, William. SPEC OP, Case studies in Special Operations Warfare: Theory and Practice


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EXFIL

2 x APCs destroy 8 x MIGs to ensure Uganda

would be unable to attack during egress

Golani infantry load hostageshostages are

hysterical, hard to control, in shock

C130 with 105 hostages departs 2352

Last C130 departs 0040

All Aircraft refuel in Nairobi enroute to Israel


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EGRESS


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RELATIVE SUPERIORITY

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130

RS Line

Probability of

Mission

Completion

Hostages Secure(RS Achieved)

Area of Vulnerability

C-130 W/Hostages

Departs

All C-130s

Departed

1st C-130 LandsUgandan Sentries Shot

Assault Begins

Time (Minutes)


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OPERATIONAL SUMMARY All terrorists (7) killed

3 x hostages killed

1 x hostage (75 yr old Dora Bloch) MIA

LTC Yoni Netanyahu KIA

105 x hostages returned safely


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LESSONS LEARNED Good unit SOPs Simple, flexible plan

Immediate, detailed, & repeated rehearsals OPSEC & surprise Robust deception operations at all levels Continuous intelligence updates (SITREPS)

Political (NCA) support

If you are ever a hostage--stay down!!


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QUESTIONS?

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