abc animal bone biochar recovered p fertiliser · · 2017-01-09• hu permit number:...

Edward Someus http://www.refertil.info

http://www.3Ragrocarbon.com [email protected]

The REFERTIL project in co-funded by the European Union, Seventh Framework Programme under

Grant Agreement number 289785

ABC

Animal Bone bioChar

recovered P fertiliser

REFERTIL: science and industrial technology development

INTRODUCTION

TERRA HUMANA Ltd. : Specialized for zero emission pyrolysis and carbon refinery processing; carbon product development since 1989. Coordinator and key S&T RTD performer for five large scale EU Commission FP5, FP6, FP7 & CIP-ECO pyrolysis and carbon product developments since 2002.

Background

The 3rd generation 3R biochar pyrolysis field demo plant.

Designed for all type of organic materials.

2004-2015

The 2nd generation 3R biochar pyrolysis pilot for woody material tests. 1990-1995

Biochar & cabon bio-refinery specialization since +30 years. Coordinator/key tech designer for large scale EU biochar S&T research

projects since 2002.

ABC - TRL Technology Readiness Level 1-9 EU COMMUNITY RESEARCH PROGRAMES – SYSTEM RTD

Commission Decision C(2013)8631

BASIC RESEARCH TRL 1 – basic principles observed TRL 2 – technology concept formulated TRL 3 – experimental proof of concept TRL 4 – technology validated in lab 1980’s APPLIED S&T RESEARCH pilot plant TRL 5 – technology validated in industrially relevant enviro 1990-1995 TRL 6 – technology demonstrated in industrially relevant environment

EU FP5 MULTI FUEL 2002-2005 APPLIED S&T RESEARCH field demo plant TRL 7 – system prototype demonstration in operational environment

EU FP6 PROTECTOR 2005-2009 TRL 8 – system complete and qualified

EU FP7 REFERTIL 2011-2016 Industrialization 2017/2018 TRL 9 – actual system proven in operational environment, competitive

manufacturing 20.800 t/y throughputs. MARKET

WHAT IS THE 3R BIOCHAR S&T

STATUS NOW?

Status 2017

Background – The Global Phosphorus situation

THE VULNERABILITY OF EU P-SUPLY –> THE AGRICULTURE and FOOD SECTORs ARE AT RISK

• Limited domestic EU P–reserves EU almost entirely dependent on P-rock imports.

• Rising Global P-rock demand, especially for the low CD/U content materials higher prices and competition.

• The security of P rock supply is under increasing pressure.

POLITICAL & ECONOMICAL RISK

• Main P-rock producers: China , US and Morocco (majority of reserves).

• US & China consume all domestic production. China apply 135% export tariff !

• Morocco: main exporter

• Stable supply from Tunisia, Jordan and Syria is no longer guaranteed (political instability). GAFSA production in 2011: only 30% of its total capacity!

TECHNICAL :

Excessive fresh-water consumption by P-industry:

• 1-3 m3 / ton of phosphate concentrate.

• compete with agriculture and drinking water

• WATER SHORTAGES in Western Sahara

Phosphorus is a critical raw material (COM (2014) 297 final)

WHAT IS BIOCHAR?

BIOCHAR MATERIAL is: • plant and/or animal bone biomass origin,

• stabile carbon carboniferous material,

• used for mandatory EU/MS Authority permitted ecological soil enhancement, and eco-safe carbon negative applications.

BIOCHAR PRODUCT is: • a labeled and full value chain safe product

• having extended producer responsibly product guarantees,

• meets all the EU/MS product criteria for production and product permits. REACH registered,

INPUT SUSTAINABLILITY CRITERIA: The feed material:

• not from primarily and secondarily land use,

• not competing with human food and animal feed,

• having environmentally sustainable logistics.

Biochar always works, if not, than producer/user made

mistake(s) by making schlock biochar and/or misuse.

WHAT IS NOT BIOCHAR?

Biochar is NOT a fine ground charcoal .

NOT a fine ground charcoal, not labile carbon, not activated carbon, not energetic carbon,

does NOT meet quality requirement defined by the regulations,

made from input feed material, that is originating from primer and secondary land use products, and/or competing with human food/animal feed supply/food crop plant production nutrient supply,

the pyrolysis process is not towards zero emission performance,

biochar production and product applications are not EU/MS Government Authority permitted,

having no labeled extended producer responsibility, and/or

the output biochar product economical value and free market valorization is not based on common market demands and commercialization process, e.g. biochar valorization may not be based on grants and subsidies.

HOW ABC BIOCHAR IS MADE?

There is no one fit for all biochar technology – product solution

BIOCHAR PROCESSING: pyrolysis – carbonization process in reductive (indirectly heated) thermal conditions, 600°C - 850°C (material core).

ABC Animal Bone bioChar processing require higher efficient thermal processing, complex and higher level of technology, - than PBC Plant Based Biochar.

www.3ragrocarbon.com

„3R”

Recycle

Reuse

Reduce

zero

emission

technology

REFERTIL - www.refertil.info

THE STATE-OF-THE-ART OF ABC PRODUCTION

1. Revolutionary high material core temperature reductive thermal processing design & carbon refinery invention.

2. Comprehensive original solution.

3. Economical and high added value processing.

4. Safe & energy efficient, continuous-automated process.

5. Full recovery and valorisation of by-products (bio-oil) with zero emission performance.

6. Long term meet all strict and comprehensive environmental norms and industrial standards in the EU, USA and Australia.

7. Continuous quality control of the labelled biochar output products.

8. Maintaining extended producer responsibility and legal liability for the biochar products, relevant insurance cover signed.

Advanced pyrolysis technology is required for QTY & SAFE biochar

Advanced 3R PYROLYSIS for ABC Bio-Phosphate - recovered P-fertiliser production

Competitive advantages VS traditional pyrolysis systems:

New generation 3R Pyrolysis characteristics:

Very high heat transfer efficiency under true value reductive thermal treatment conditions, thermo-chemical decomposition process of plant and/or animal origin organic waste and by-products in the absence of oxygen, under vacuum and material core temperature up to 850 °C.

Zero emission performance.

Very high added-value processing in technical, economical, environmental and climate protection terms.

The new generation 3R pyrolysis opens new technical, economical and environmental opportunities.

Advanced pyrolysis technology is required for QTY & SAFE biochar

ABC = Animal Bone bioChar

ABC is a recovered organic P-Fertilizer having high concentrated (30% P2O5) and pure P-content

Input material: category 3 bone, rendering byproducts

“ABC” Animal Bone bioChar • 3-5 mm granulated product • 30% P2O5 content (slow release fertiliser) • High Ca content

Zero emisssion pyrolysis technology

(reductive thermal processing) (<850 0C)

High ABC yields:

45-55%

ABC – RECOVERED P-FERTILISER

ABC CHARACTERISTICS

• Recovered Organic Phosphorus fertiliser, soil improver, growing media

• Production from domestic EU sources

• Made from food grade category 3 bones (rendering byproduct, renewable

source)

• 90% mineral content – 10% C

• 30% P2O5 + 38 – 42 % CaO, Mg, K

• Slow release organic fertiliser

• EU PAH16 <6 mg/kg

• MS PAH19 <1 mg/kg in justified cases

• Low PTE

• Recommended Dose: 0.2t/ha - <1 t/ha

ABC: macroporous 50 nm– 63,000 nm

Total Phosphorus content of different biochars

pyrolysis condition: T=550 0C, tres=60 min, p=-50Pa)

Total Calcium content of different biochars

pyrolysis condition: T=550 0C, tres=60 min, p=-50Pa)

Member States can define more strict limit

ABC permit in Hungary, <1mg/kg criteria defined there

0

2

4

6

8

10

PBC-DK1 PBC-FR2 PBC-DE3 ABC-HU49

PAH19 (mg/kg) PAH16 (mg/kg)

Hungary limit value

REFERTIL recommended limit

!

PAH content

PCB: Different plant based biochar product available in EU market

Animal Bone bioChar

Potentially toxic elements

PTE REFERTIL

proposal

MS regulation

(HU) ABC

As 10 10 <1

Cd 1 or 1,5 2 <0,3

Cr 100 100 <1

Cu 200 100 8

Pb 120 100 <1

Hg 1 1 <0,03

Ni 50 50 <1

Zn 600 600 203

Co - 50 <1

Se - 5 <0,3


ABC – IMPACTS: delivering innovations meeting the needs of

European and global markets


ABC – ECONOMIC BENEFIT AND USP

• Providing >10% yield +. The more efficient P utilization >10%

decreasing the overall quantity of fertiliser need.

• low cost price organic nutrients: ABC is a cost effective €975/ton

alternative of the mineral fertiliser. 10-30% lowers price range

calculated on the plant available-utilizable P2O5 value.

• < 1 years ROI for farmers

• higher value food crop product

• Farmers can access higher fund from

second pillar of CAP

• Decreasing the cost of the

environmental pollution resulting from

P leach out.

Installation and biochar production PERMITS:

LOCAL PERMITS – HU CASE STUDY:

1) Industrial Safety Authority. MAIN AUTHORITY

2) Environmental and Water Protection Agency.

3) Human Health Inspection.

4) Regional Building Construction Office.

5) Fire Protection Authority.

6) Soil and Plant Protection Authority.

7) Animal Health Inspection.

8) Workers Safety Authority.

9) Electric Power Supply Authority.

10) Road Inspection.

11) Forest and Natural Conservation Inspection.

12) Local Municipality and public acceptance.

13) aso……………

+ REACH (>1t/y, mandatory from 2018).

Challenging but mandatory permits

BIOCHAR PRODUCT APPLICATION AUTHORITY PERMIT

1) Biochar product MS Authority permits and/or Mutual MS Recognitions.

2) One MS Authority permit is not valid in other MS. Need Mutual Recognition procedure.

3) Coming up… EU Fertilizers Regulation EC 2003/2003 revision (started up in 2011 completed before 2020)

4) Voluntarily biochar certifications: no any legal/technical effects and validity!

ABC AUTHORITY PERMIT

BIOCHAR PRODUCT APPLICATION AUTHORITY PERMIT EU MEMBER STATE CASE STUDY

• National Authority in Hungary: National Food Chan Safety Office

• HU permit number: 02.5/67/7/2009, upgraded in 2015 meets the past 5 years EU regulation changes.

• Applicant: Terra Humana Ltd.,

• Product: Animal Bone bioChar + fungus, yield enhancing substance.

• The permit sets the quality and safety requirements: minimum nutrient content, maximum level of contaminants and product labelling conditions in line with CLP Regulation.

• The permit and test procedure has been executed in the accredited test fields and accredited laboratories of the Government Authority between 2005-2009.

• HU permit extension to other MS: by Mutual Recognition (EC 764/2008).


BIOCHAR APPLICATION AUTHORITY PERMIT – HUNGARY CASE STUDY


ABC biochar quality and safety parameters in the permit (FVM decree 36/2006 V.18. HU )

PAH19 = key quality indicator

ABC - BIOCHAR EFFICIENCY TRIALS and AUTHORITY PERMIT

PROGRAMME (2005-2015)

For validation of the ABC effects several open field and green house cultivation tests have been executed in Germany, Netherlands, Israel, Italy, Slovenia and Hungary.

Doses 100 – 1000 kg/ha.

The detailed Authority permit test investigation has been going on in by different independent and accredited departments from the HU national Soil and Plant Protection Authority under EU legislation.

www.refertil.info --- www.3ragrocarbon.com --- e-mail: [email protected]

Open Field Test at “MIGAL”

Israel (2006-2008)

Web: www.3ragrocarbon.com - e-mail: [email protected]

April 20th, drip irrigation June 15th May 22nd + moisture control

July 13th August 7th – sampling for Brix Filling in

ABC Open Field Test at “MIGAL”

Israel (2006-2008)


Control

ABC

CONTROL

GREENHOUSE TEST at “ARPAD” Agricultural Cooperative, Hungary

(2008)


Summary results of the REFERTIL field trials with ABC (2011-2015)

• Animal bone char (ABC) can be used as organic

fertilizer (100-400 kg/ha) and mixed in growing media (0.1-5% v/v).

• Nutrients present in ABC biochar products are taken up by tomato plants: organic by-products are successfully recycled and replaces the use of mineral P and K fertilizers in agricultural crop production.

• Mycorrhiza and nutrient solubilising bacteria can be combined with the application of biochar and compost products in agriculture and horticulture.


“Agroinnova” - Italy nursery and open field farm


• potting trials on vegetable crops (zucchini, lettuce) to evaluate the use biochar as soil improvers, organic fertilizers or growing media;

• suppressiveness trials on cucumber, to evaluate the capacity of biochar to control plant pathogens;

• field trials on tomato, pepper and lettuce, to validate the use of compost and biochar in farms located in Italy.

Animal Bone bioChar ABC showed a good fertilization effect on crops, while plant based biochar had few effects on yields and results vary according to soil type.

ABC - BIOCHAR Field trials on strawberry in Slovenia


In trials carried out by KOTO, Slovenia, ABC biochar has been applied in field trials and compared to one mineral fertilizer. During the first year of the trial, the application of 130 kg/ha of animal bone char (ABC) provided yields similar to the application of 800 kg/ha of mineral fertilizers. The achieved results indicate the possibility to use selected ABC biochar for substituting chemical fertilizers.

ABC with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi

University of Hannover


Mycorrhizal fungi have much better tools for extraction of bound nutrients compared to plant roots, and allow much better plant growth if mycorrhizal fungi are applied together with biochar (right group of plants in the picture, left = ABC alone).

AM ABC-SM7 ABC-SM7 + AM 2% (v/v) 2% (v/v)

gro

wth

aft

er

34 d

ays i

n q

uart

z-s

an

d

Effects of BIOCHAR-ABC on the functioning of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AM)

P-uptake and transfer to Tomato plants = “P-bridge function”

P-free fertilization or BIOCHAR-ABC „SM7

ABC - BIOCHAR Authority Permit Test in Hungary


ABC - BIOCHAR

Summary of the biological efficiency trials

NURSERY APPLICATION


Already in the seedling period was

realized 2-3 centimeters differences

benefit for the ABC products in

greenhouse NURSERY.

TEST CONDITION:

Soil Type: horticultural soiless mix

pH(KCl): 7.19

Test plant: Sweet pepper (Capsium annuum)‏

ABC - BIOCHAR

Summary of the biological efficiency trials

GREENHOUSE APPLICATION

No. Treatments

Dose

(kg/ha)

Date of planting/

first harvest

YIELD Related to the Non

treated Control

(%)

1 Untreated CONTROL - 29.05.2008

10.07.2008 100.0

2 ABC 400

29.05.2008

10.07.2008 364.6

3 ABC 600 29.05.2008

10.07.2008 296.9

4 ABC 1000 29.05.2008

10.07.2008 630.2

ABC – Biochar treatments resulted EARLINESS concerning YIELD RESULTS at the first

harvest, compared with the untreated control.

Test plant: Sweet Pepper (Capsium annuum), Date of sowing: 31.03.2008 , Cultivation: Greenhouse,

Soil Type: horticultural soiless mix, pH(KCl): 7.19


ABC - BIOCHAR

Summary of the biological efficiency trialals

GREENHOUSE APPLICATION

Significantly INCREASED PLANT YIELD and QUALITY after the ABC treatment in

GREENHOUSE cultivation (Sweet pepper)

Totalizing the results off all harvests, it can be stated that Agrocarbon in all rates favourably

influenced the yield results, and under the effect of 600 and 1000 kg/ha treatments, the fruit

mass results also showed positive significant differences.

Mode of evaluation: total plot , Test plant: Sweet pepper (Capsium annuum)‏

Soil Type: horticultural soiless mix, pH(KCl): 7.19

No any phytotoxic and starvation symptoms observed in case of any of ABC treatments.

Treatment Treatment Rate

(kg/ha)

YIELD INCREASEMENT (%)

related to the Non-Treated Control

(%)

ABC 400 151,2

ABC 600 172,0

ABC 1000 202,0


NEXT STEPS 2017/2018….

Continued global cooperation in the EU, AU, USA, JP…

Industrial replication franchise model installation under the integrated EU, Australian and US industrial and environmental norms and standards with 20,800 t/y throughput capacity.

SHOW ME cases for horticultural farmers. REACH certification in the EU. Biochar enduser and market organizations. Recovered ABC Phosphorus and formulated

BIO-NPK-C advisory – user support center. Implementation of the Int. Bio-Phosphate

franchise business and marketing center.

THANK YOU! CONTACT:

Edward Someus Coordinator, biochar S&T key tech designer

E-mail: [email protected] http://www.refertil.info

http://www.3Ragrocarbon.com

All progressive biochar cooperation welcome in any S&T, product/application fields.

abc animal bone biochar recovered p fertiliser · · 2017-01-09• hu permit number:...

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