abdomen – 2 human structure and development 212 week 7 – 2005 avinash bharadwaj
TRANSCRIPT
Abdomen – 2
Human Structure and Development 212Week 7 – 2005
Avinash Bharadwaj
Peritoneal connections• Falciform ligament• Lesser omentum
Diaphragmatic surface “Visceral” surface
Details of relations not necessary
Ligamentum teres• Obliterated umbilical vein• Umbilical vein – blood from the placenta
Ligamentum venosum• Obliterated ductus venosus• Ductus venosus – shunt between portal vein and IVC
Liver
Portal Vein IMV Splenic SMV + Splenic
Portal vein Joined by smaller
veins from stomach etc
Portasystemic anastomoses Junctional regions
• Oesophagus systemic veins to thorax, stomach portal vein
• Anal canal (terminal part systemic)
Other regions• “Bare area” of liver• Around the umbilicus• Around retroperitoneal organs
Liver disease especially “cirrhosis”• Portal hypertension “varicosity”.
Posterior Abdominal Structures Retroperitoneal structures
• Secondary – duodenum, pancreas, colon*• Primary
• Kidneys and ureters, suprarenal glands• Aorta, inferior vena cava and other vessels
Posterior abdominal wall
IVC
Kidney (R)
QL
Hip Bone
Psoas major
Aorta
Kidney (L)
Adrenal (L)
Kidneys Shape, size, position Blood vessels and ureter
• Hilum
Internal Structure• Cortex, medulla (pyramids)• Calyces• Pelvis* ureter
Kidney – Internal Structure
Kidneys – “Relations” Different – Left and Right Overlap with diaphragm
Abdominal Aorta Midline structure Entry at T12
Divides at L4
Branches• Anterior unpaired GIT• Lateral paired
• Kidneys, adrenals, gonads
• To body wall – paired (except one!)
Inferior Vena Cava No tributaries from GIT!
• Hepatic veins
Pattern of renal, gonadal and adrenal veins.
Complex developmental origins.
Posterior Wall Vertebral column Posterior muscles Anterior muscles
• Psoas major• Quadratus lumborum
Fascial layers• Thoracolumbar fascia
Nerves and Blood vessels