about strategic technology for sustainability in asian countries keio university, japan prof. haruki...

About Strategic Technology for Sustainabilityin Asian Countries

About Strategic Technology for Sustainabilityin Asian Countries

KEIO UNIVERSITY, JAPANPROF. HARUKI SATO

KEIO UNIVERSITY, JAPANPROF. HARUKI SATO

環境・エネルギー論18 November 2009

REEC-IFOST200921-23 October 2009

Ho Chi Minh City

About Strategic Technology for Sustainability in Asian Countries Haruki Sato, Keio University

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１． Global warming and sea-level increase: not only reduction of CO2 emission but also global water management (by keeping woods)

２． Renewable energy resource:bio-ethanol, solar, and wind (by keeping woods)

３． Securing water:securing sanitary and quality life ：　 300 L/(day Japanese)securing food and cloths ：　 1000 L/(day Japanese)

securing woods ：　∞ L/day on land


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Air temperature andfossil fuel consumption

Sea level / mm

= 1.7 mm/year

What is the relationsamong them?


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S.Manabe and R. WetheraldJ. The Atmospheric SciencesVol. 24, No. 3, pp. 241-259,(1967).

They calculated the possibility ofclimatic changes 42 years ago

for the effect of a. water vaporb. carbon dioxidec. ozoned. surface albedoe. cloudiness.

Air: Global WarmingAverage of surface temp.will become higher.

Pre

ssur

e /

mba

rP

ress

ure

/ m

bar

Ａｌ

ｔｉ

ｔｕ

ｄｅ

/ k

mＡ

ｌｔ

ｉｔ

ｕｄ

ｅ /

km

Temperature / KTemperature / K


HP of Japanese government ： http://www.rinya.maff.go.jp/seisaku/sesakusyoukai/ondanka/a-2.htmlBased on the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report

Reduce CO2 Emission＋　 Develop Double Forests

Carbon in the air: 7.6 × 1011 t +3.2× 109 t/year

Carbon in total fossil fuels3.5 × 1012 t

Carbon in the sea38 × 1012 t

Carbon in land2.3 × 1012 t

Absorption in land −2.6× 109 t/yearAbsorption in land −2.6× 109 t/year

Emission from land +1.6× 109 t/yearEmission from land +1.6× 109 t/year

Net absorption in land −1.0× 109 t/year

Net absorption in land −1.0× 109 t/year

Emission from fossil fuel +6.4× 109 t/year

Emission from fossil fuel +6.4× 109 t/year

Absorption in the sea −2.2× 109 t/year

Absorption in the sea −2.2× 109 t/year

Carbon Cycling in 1990s

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•When the mass of water on the globe is constant, the ratio of water 　 in land and in sea would be important for deciding the sea level.•Forest is providing oxygen and absorbing CO2 with controlling the humidity and temperature of air, by getting solar energy and water. It provides us many important materials.

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7

Learn from LEAVES and live with WOODS


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Water is important?

Under a tree, there is a large water jar.

How trees bring water to each leaves?


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自然環境では目に見えない水（水蒸気ガス）が熱を運んでいます

ポンプ無しに膨大な数の木の葉の葉面の隅々に水が供給され蒸散しています

葉脈： the veins of leaves汗をかく車？


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Experimentsof decompression boiling


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Delicate phenomena for natural-energy utilization

0

5

10

15

20

0 1 2

time/ h

(T-Tcool

) / K

0

5

10

15

0 1 2

time / h

(T-T

cool)

/ K

20

Heater

Evaporator

Condenser


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Objective of Strategic Technology is to build Interface Environment.

forcus １＝ person 　：　 forcus ２＝ nature

Cities

人工内部環境

Interface EnvironmentInterface Environment

Global warmingHeat island

water ＋ food ＋ energy resource

Artificial nature

Within BuildingsWild Nature


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Learn water circulation in natural environmentSolar energy is more than 10,000 times greater than the energy consumption by people.

We should recognize the power of the SUN.

dry soil

exaust heat from cooling tower

exhaust heat from indoors

sensible heat from wall

high temperature

sewageretaining water

Transpiration(water vaporization)

lower temperature


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Solar panel (2 kW or 8 kW) with cooling tower(13 kW)

3

F

K J

A

C

B

L

E

G

H I

1

2

4

D

3


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Within artificial environment Wild Nature

safe and 　 secure nature

keeping to be gentle

symbiosis

　　　Energy consumption 　　　 Energy conservation

minimumcompletelyconditioned

space

Space of Interface-environment

Solar thermal panel and cell

Highly sophisticated information tools for communication

Trans-piration

Storing rain-water


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Open Amenity Space

Energy consumption of cooling tower would be less than 1/5 of air-conditioning system. No high-temperature exhaust heat and provide water to the air like trees.


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Renewable Energy Utilized Amenity Space

Cooling tower

Solar chimney


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Need Clear Concept on Thermal Energy（ Global warming is a problem of TEMPERATURE. ）


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●Power　plants (27 GW)

●Steel　plants

●Gas　plants

●Oil　plants

●　Ship　factories●　Automobile　factories

Solar energy : waste heat

104 m× 104 m＝ 108 m2

Insolation0.5 kW/ m2

50 GW

東京湾環境情報センターhttp://www.tbeic.go.jp/kankyo/sangyo.asp火力発電所設備概要http://www.tepco.co.jp/tp/list/index-j.html

Tokyo bay

Why the waterin Tokyo Bayis not Boilingorkeeping almostsame temperature?


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No effect to the natural environment, when the temperature of waste heat is exactly equal to the ambient temperature.

Thermal energy Q times (1− T0/T ) equals exergy ee ＝ Q×(1− T0/T )

• Many people are confusing ‘Energy is consumed’ but ‘Energy is conserved’.

• The value of energy is consumed. The value of energy, we call the ‘exergy’.Exergy makes work, which includes negative work to the environment.

• What is the value? Above equation expresses the value in the quantity of Q.The level of my talk Q is T. When your level is T0 , you can learn e from my

talk.

• When we make temperature of heat to be lower by using water, temperature change of water is much smaller than the temperature change of air because the capacity and latent heat of water are greater than the air.


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1 atm = the mass of the air 1 kg/cm2

Av. sea depth = the mass of water 400 kg/cm2

Heat capacity of water is four times of air.

On the globe, heat capacity of sea is almost three orders of magnitude greater

than that of the air.

IPCC predicted 0.74 K increase in the air for 100 years.By using water circulation,

keep clean the air and don’t heat the air;make lower temperature on the surface;and cool the air by water circulation in the air.

Sea water


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CEMS の持続型エネルギー供給イメージ

電力消費

冬中間期夏中間期

原子力や石炭を含む火力コンバインドサイクルの年間定格運転を基礎とする系統電力供給分

外気温度に依存して変動する分は主に暖房・冷房・給湯である。これらの熱需要は、発電時の排熱で賄うようにすべきである。＝　熱需要のあるところには、熱需要に見合う分散電源を設置。電力は、買　　電あるいは電力託送で需要に合わせる。

廃熱電力廃熱電力

負荷変動用火力サイクル

コージェネレーション電源熱利用

熱利用


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商用系統電力の電源構成

àÍî êÖóÕ

êŒíY

LNG ÅALPG ÅA

ÇªÇÃëº ÉKÉX

êŒñ˚

ógêÖéÆêÖóÕ

ógêÖéÆìÆóÕ

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23éûçè [h]

ìdóÕ

[kW]

å¥éqóÕ

ÉsÅ[ÉN

ãüããóp

É~ÉhÉã

ãüããóp

ÉxÅ[ÉX

ãüããóp

http://www.tepco.co.jp/corp-com/db/supplyFacilities/GeneCapacity-j.html


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0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

éûä‘ [h]

ìdóÕé˘óv [kWh]

15 ÅÖ T < 20Å@Å@Åi4åéÇÃÇ›Åj

20 ÅÖ T < 25

15 ÅÖ T < 20

25 ÅÖ T < 30

30 ÅÖ T < 35

T = ì˙ ïΩãœãCâ∑ [Åé]

7

分散電源の発電分電源容量は排熱利用量で定める

慶應義塾大学湘南藤沢キャンパス（ SFC ）の電力消費量

最大電力消費2005 年 4-7 月（平日

）2005 年 4-7 月（平日

）

分散電源の排熱と自然エネルギーで賄う

購入電力が約１０００ｋＷで平準化され基本契約電力が１／３になる可能性


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Harmony with multi-disciplinary fields＝ System design

（ creation of a large and complicate system ）（ creation of a comfortable and secure space ）


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Science Engineering

Gives Dream Changes to True(Possibility) (Reality)


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Role in University

Government

Industries Academics

Reality（ mainly several years later ）

Dream（ Advanced Tech. & 30 years

later ）

Science

Engineering

Students will change dreams to the reality.

Students


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Energy Environment Systems（ Example of System Design on Complex System ）

Green ・ Healthy（ Field １： person&nature ）

Energy utilization（ Field 2 ： energy ）

Leaders（ System design ）

Green IT（ Field 3 ： IT ）

Manager（ vision ）

Secure ・ Safe（ Field ４： risk ）

Field 7: Public relations and Communication

Field 8: Practice & Work

Support: Consortium

Field ６： Architecture ・ Civil engineering

Field 5: Social science ・ Economics Project １

Project 2

Project 3 ・・・


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30

äXäXäXìsésìsésÉRÉìÉxÉìÉVÉáÉìWeb　é–âÔÉVÉXÉeÉÄÉRÉìÉxÉìÉVÉáÉì


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持続可能社会＋情報社会の未来ビジョン

エネルギー資源

情報･智慧

水

世界の視点

人口問題

自然環境調和型社会

ユビキタスＩＴ社会

循環型社会

未来社会の選択多様型集約型

食料と文化

知的社会安心・安全な社会

自然環境調和型エネルギー資源（太陽・バイオ＋メタン＋石炭＋核）　

地球環境問題

ヒートアイランド

課題


V model researchEnergy-Environment Systems Laboratory

(Haruki Sato Laboratory)

V model researchEnergy-Environment Systems Laboratory

(Haruki Sato Laboratory)


Fundamental Science Practical EngineeringThermal-Fluid PropertiesPVTCpC.P.Intermolecular Potential Parameters

Exergy conceptTranspirationDecompressed boiling

Statistical analysis/modeling/simulationMonte Carlo MethodEnergy Management

Open Amenity SpaceInterface Environment

Steam TableRefrigerant Table

DesalinationCool Solar Panel

Renewable Energy Assisted heat pump

Cluster Energy SupplyPrediction of Energy Demand

Modeling of Electric Appliances

Learning nature

Thermodynamics

Method

Principle

Information

Management

Vision

Creation

New Thermodynamic CycleHeat Pump + Renewable energy

Ejector cycle + Renewable energy

Break throughBreak through

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