ADAPTING CSA W59 ULTRASONIC INSPECTIONS FOR USE WITH DISTANCE-AMPLITUDE TECHNIQUES

Paul Holloway Holloway NDT & Engineering Inc.

Andrew Crawford Buffalo Inspection Services

Sean Keay SNC-Lavalin

Viwek Vaidya Techno Vogue Inc.

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

The year was 1969…

STAYING THE COURSE

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

“FIXED ATTENUATION” TECHNIQUE

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

“FIXED ATTENUATION” TECHNIQUE

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

dB

in 2

“FIXED ATTENUATION” TECHNIQUE

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

DRAWBACKS

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

DRAWBACKS

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

DRAWBACKS

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

6 dB

DRAWBACKS

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

-3 dB

+ 2 dB

ALTERNATE TECHNIQUE

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

ALTERNATIVE TECHNIQUE

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

ALTERNATIVE TECHNIQUE

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

ALTERNATIVE TECHNIQUE

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

0

0

6

13

25

38

1.5 mm dia.

(thru)

ADAPTING THE CRITERIA

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

ADAPTING THE CRITERIA

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

ADAPTING THE CRITERIA

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

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+2 +2 +2 +2 +2 +2

+1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1

0

0

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2

-3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3

-4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4

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dBrating

0 0

THICK

THICK

THICK

70° 60° 45°

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NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

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-2 -2 -2 -2

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+1 +1

-1 -1

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-3 -3

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-3 -3

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-5 -5

-6 -6

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-8 -8

-9 -9

-10 -10

-11 -11

-12 -12

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-14 -14

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

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-0.4 -2.0 -2.1 -2.2 -2.0 -4.7 -4.9 -4.2 -1.1 -0.1 -0.5

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

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+9 +9 +9 +9

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-2 -2 -2 -2

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-4 -4 -4 -4

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NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

+10

+9

+8

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+6

+5

+4

+3

+2

+1

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

-7

-8

-9

-10

-11

-12

-13

-14

Weld thickness range

dB

ra

tin

g

8 t

o 2

0 m

m

(⁵/₁₆

to ³

/₄ in)

> 2

0 t

o 3

8 m

m

( >

³/₄

to ¹

/₂ in)

> 3

8 t

o 6

5 m

m

( >

1¹⁄₂

to 2

¹⁄₂

in)

> 6

5 t

o 1

00 m

m

( >

2¹⁄₂

to 4

in)

> 1

00 t

o 2

00 m

m

( >

4 t

o 8

in)

0

D -8 & below -7 & below -7 & below -6 & below -6 & below

C -7 -6 -6 -3 to -5 -1 to -5

B -6 -5 -4 to -5 -1 to -2 +1 to 0

A -5 & above -4 & above -3 & above 0 & above +2 & above

Class (⁵/₁₆ to ³/₄ in) ( > ³/₄ to 1¹/₂ in) ( > 1¹⁄₂ to 2¹⁄₂ in) ( > 2¹⁄₂ to 4 in) ( > 4 to 8 in)

Table X.6Ultrasonic acceptance criteria for statically-loaded structures (TCG technique)

Weld thickness range

8 to 20 mm > 20 to 38 mm > 38 to 65 mm > 65 to 100 mm > 100 to 200 mm

VALIDATION

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

VALIDATION

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

+15 +15

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+3 +3

+2 +2

+1 +1

-1 -1

-2 -2

-3 -3

-4 -4

-5 -5

-6 -6

-7 -7

-8 -8

-9 -9

8 t

o 2

0 m

m

(⁵/₁₆

to ³

/₄ in)

> 2

0 t

o 3

8 m

m

( >

³/₄

to ¹

/₂ in)

> 3

8 t

o 6

5 m

m

( >

1¹⁄₂

to 2

¹⁄₂

in)

> 6

5 t

o 1

00 m

m

( >

2¹⁄₂

to 4

in)

> 1

00 t

o 2

00 m

m

( >

4 t

o 8

in)

0

dB

ra

tin

g

0

(mm

)

Rating range of

reflector with 2

dB/inch model

VALIDATION

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

+15 +15

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+8 +8

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+1 +1

-1 -1

-2 -2

-3 -3

-4 -4

-5 -5

-6 -6

-7 -7

-8 -8

-9 -9

8 t

o 2

0 m

m

(⁵/₁₆

to ³

/₄ in)

> 2

0 t

o 3

8 m

m

( >

³/₄

to ¹

/₂ in)

> 3

8 t

o 6

5 m

m

( >

1¹⁄₂

to 2

¹⁄₂

in)

> 6

5 t

o 1

00 m

m

( >

2¹⁄₂

to 4

in)

> 1

00 t

o 2

00 m

m

( >

4 t

o 8

in)

0

dB

ra

tin

g

0

(mm

)

Over 7 dB

variance

possible with 2

dB/inch model

+ 3.4 dB

- 3.7 dB

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

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+9

+8

+7

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+1

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

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-8

-9

-10

-11

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0

+15 # #

+14 # #

+13 # #

+12 # #

+11 # #

+10 # #

+9 # #

+8 # #

+7 # #

+6 # #

+5 # #

+4 # #

+3 # #

+2 # #

+1 # #

-1 # #

-2 # #

-3 # #

-4 # #

-5 # #

-6 # #

-7 # #

-8 # #

-9 # #

0

45° 70° 60°

Existing 1969 technique TCG technique

COMPARISON TO AWS

AWS D1.1-2015 : Annex Q

• Conventional UT with DAC calibration

• Transducers from ¼ in. diameter and up to 6 MHz

AWS D1.5-2015: Annex K

• Encoded PAUT with TCG calibration

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

+10

+9

+8

+7

+6

+5

+4

+3

+2

+1

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

-7

-8

-9

-10

-11

-12

-13

-14

-15

0

> 1

00

to

20

0 m

m

( >

4 t

o 8

in)

All welds 5 to 100 mm

(3/16 to 4 in)

+10

+9

+8

+7

+6

+5

+4

+3

+2

+1

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

-7

-8

-9

-10

-11

-12

-13

-14

Weld thickness range

dB

ra

tin

g

8 t

o 2

0 m

m

(⁵/₁₆

to ³

/₄ in)

> 2

0 t

o 3

8 m

m

( >

³/₄

to ¹

/₂ in)

> 3

8 t

o 6

5 m

m

( >

1¹⁄₂

to 2

¹⁄₂

in)

> 6

5 t

o 1

00 m

m

( >

2¹⁄₂

to 4

in)

> 1

00 t

o 2

00 m

m

( >

4 t

o 8

in)

0

AWS D1.1 / D1.5

CSA W59 TCG

IMPACT ON PRODUCTION

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

• How to quantify costs?

• Repair rates?

• Experiment?

• FDOT Research Conclusion:

“…similar rejection rates seen for the three NDT techniques…”

IMPACT ON PRODUCTION

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

Project size (eg large or one-off versus small or mass production, 2%

Site welding conditions, 4%

[CATEGORY NAME], [VALUE]

No specific factor can be identified, 3%

Welding conditions (eg position, accessibility),

16%

Welder's skills, 27%

Welding process, 6% Material grade, 5%

Poor/incorrect fit up, 18%

Fabrication/inspection requirements, 7%

Thickness/number of runs, 6%

Production stage (early versus late in the

project), 2%

Distribution of factors affecting repair rates in welds from TWI [CATEGORY NAME], [VALUE]

Re

pa

ir r

ate

Amount of inspection required by related code

CONCLUSIONS

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)

• Current technique unchanged since 1969

• Cannot adopt new technologies or practices

• Needed modern technique with flexibility

• Provide equivalent quality levels

These proposed changes to the code are currently in

the public review stage

THANK YOU

NDT in Canada 2017 Conference (June 6-8, 2017)