Ɛmer Mezdad

Adlisfus n usemres n

tmaziɣt tatrart

Tira, taɣuri

ayamun

Tanemmirt i win i d-yefkan afus © Amar MEZDAD, 2000-2015

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Tazwart Tadlist-a, d ammud n temsirin. Nefka-tent deg iseggasen 1992-93 i

tsuta tamenzut n inelmaden deg tesdawit n Bgayet, asmi teldi teɣmert n Tmaziɣt. Imir-nni, ur ggiten ara wid isɣarayen.

Tugeţ di tedlist neddem-d seg wayen i d-ǧǧan Mouloud Mammeri, d Madeleine Allain. Dɣa neţat tḥeɣra arsufus nni, tefka-yaɣ-d rray-ines d kra n useɣti.

S tarrayt yellan deg isebtaren-a i nura adlis-nneɣ i d-yeffɣen (ungalen, tullizin, Internet) akk d win ara d-yeffɣen sya ɣer sdat. Ihi d asemres i d-nesna tura nnig 40 iseggasen aya. Deg tnuba-nneɣ, neţaru akken yura Mouloud Feraoun deg Isefra n Si Mohand. Mi nmed cwiṭ nemlal d wid i ɣ-yemlan, i ɣ-iseɣren, i ɣ-yefkan tidlisin d tesɣunin. Lemziya-nsen ur teţfakka ara fell-aɣ.

Tura ggten iɛebbwajen, d taɣuri n Tmaziɣt i d tafellaḥt-nsen. Nekkni, ɣas am wakken d i ibujaden, ddeqs aya i nesemras tameslayt. Tamuɣli n win ur nella d aɛebbwaj, tezmer ad tawi kra ur ţwalin widak yezgan reṣsan allaɣ-nsen dinna : ahat temagarrad cwiṭ d tin-nsen ; tikwal, ahat llan wawalen i sen-yennesren, nekkni nezmer ad ten-nwali deg usemres-nneɣ n yal ass, akken i t-yura Pierre Bourdieu. D neţa i yennan daɣen : « Kra n waddad n tmeslayt amzun d ssuq anida ara isenz isufar-is winna i ţ-yeţmeslayen »

Deg twinest-a yella wawal « ssuq » : ihi, ayen yeddan d tmeslayt yuɣal d asafar n menwala. Ssuq d tanyilt anida ţaɣen, snuzuyen. Ma yezmer ad yenz usafar armi ɣur-s azal, ma ur yufa ara win ara t-yaɣen armi d war azal, iţusemma ur yeswa ara. Tideţ, ssuq ur yezmir ara ad idum ma ulac imarrawen, wid ixeddmen. Ur yezmir ara daɣen ad idum ma ulac wid ara yaɣen, meḥsub wid yeqqaren.

Amyag « aɣ », di tmaziɣt, ggten deg-s inumak. Yezmer ad yaɣ kra wemdan, fiḥel ma senzen-as-t ! Ihi kra n win yeqqaren nezmer ad nini d amsaɣ s timmad-is. Ihi win ara yeɣren tadlist, yuɣ-iţ, neɣ ahat d neţat maḍi i t-yuɣen.

Ɛ.M.

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IZEGZAL

1u(t) (t) amezwaru(t) atg. ar taggara... FDB Fichier de Documentation Berbère GM gar tamawt Mly amalay > yif, yugar ⇒ iţakk, ad d-yawi sf asuf sgt asget Tac. Tacelḥit Taqb. Taqbaylit Tamac. Tamaceɣt unt. unti Ɛ.M. Ameskar # amgirred

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TAJERRUMT

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AMSISLI

Amata : – Tijegdit ɣef tebna tarrayt, d amenzay :

yiwen usekkil = yiwen umesli – Isekkilen d wid n TlaTinit, anagar sin, kkan-d si TeGrigit :

ɣ d ɛ ( Ɣ d Ɛ ma d isekkilen meqqren ) – Kra n yisekkilen ţawin ticcert, akafu, neɣ tineqqiṭ, akken ad

ddun d tmeslayt : ţ, č, ǧ, ḍ, ṭ GM : – I-lmend irukuten n tira, send ad ilin useɣzen d uselkim,

llan wid iţarun ç deg umur n č : akka : ç = č. Tura nedda d ufara ! – Tarrayt-a tezga tekkat amek ara terked gar wemsisli d wesnilsi.

Ur telli d tamsislit tamsarit, ur telli d tasnislit tamsarit – Iswi d tameslayt talemmast, tatrart, ara yeddun d tira

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AGEMMAY a – Tiɣra :

a aman i iɣi u ul

Tamawt : – Azgen-tiɣra : y d w, azal-nsent d tirgalin di tira. Ţawint ilugan-nsent :

y tiyita eyya w awal yewwa

b – Tirgalin : – Asmules seg wansi i d-ţlalent :

– Seg icenfiren : b bibb m amummi

– Gar tuɣmas d icenfiren : f afud

– Gar tuɣmas d yiles : t nutenti tama ṭ iṭij

ţ tideţ d dadda da ḍ iḍ l ilili n ini

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– Seg yixf n yiles :

r amrar ṛ ṛwu

– Ixf n yiles ɣef uẓar n tuɣmas : – tiẓenzunin :

s asif ṣ ṣubb z izi ẓ iẓi ž lžayer

– tibecbacin : c amcic č učči j ajuj ǧ afenǧal

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– Seg waneɣ :

k ibki, akal g agu, argaz –Seg teqlalt : ɣ iɣi q qim x xixxi – Si tgerjujt (tankart) : ɛ ɛuɛɛu ḥ iḥar – Si tbuhcict : h ihi, aha°

Tamawt : – tirgalin azgen-aggaɣ d ti : ţ, č, ǧ – deg tarrayt-a, ž ur d-iteddu ara

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A F E L W I

asekkil s tefransist s teɛrabt A, a A ٲ B, b b/v ب C, c Ch ش Č, č Tch تش D, d d/d spirant د Ḍ, ḍ d emphatique ظ E, e E F, f F ف G, g g/g spirant ڨ Ǧ, ǧ Dj H, h h spirante ه Ḥ, ḥ h muette ح I, i I ءا J, j J ج K, k k/k spirant ك L, l L ل

M, m M م N, n N ن Γ, ɣ r parisien غ Q, q ق R, r r roulé ر Ṛ, ṛ r emphatique S, s S س Ṣ, ṣ s emphatique ص T, t t/ t spirant ث Ṭ, ṭ t emphatique ط Ţ, ţ Ts ت U, u Ou أو W, w w anglais و X, x Kh خ Y, y Y ي Z, z Z ز Ẓ, ẓ Z emphatique

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Tamawt : – Isekkilen iţawin tineqqiṭ d ufayen – ḥ ɣas iţawi tineqqiṭ mačči d ufay, d targalt s timmad-is.

Tineqqiṭ tferren ḥ d h : yeḥmel yehmel

– Isekkilen iţawin " ° ", d anɣiyen : g°, k°, ɣ°, q°, x°

Anɣiyen-a ur d-teddun ara deg tarrayt-a, anagar ma ibeddel unamek

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– Targalin-a :

b, d, g, k, t tugeţ ţilint d tizenzaɣin :

abrid udem iger akal tamurt agem

Maca : – t, d : d aggaɣen deffir l, n :

tamellalt nutenti aldun ildi

– b : d aggaɣ deffir m :

tambult ambaṣi

– g : d aggaɣ deffir b, j, r, ɛ, z : inebgi ajgu argaz aɛgaz azgen zger

– k : d aggaɣ deffir ḥ, f, c, ɛ, l, r, s :

aḥkim ayefki ayeck-it ɛkes afilku arkas skud

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TUSSDA – Targalt yessden teţunefk s 2 n yisekkilen. – Azenzaɣ yessden iţuɣal d aggaɣ :

d ⇒ dd : del ddal ḍ ⇒ ṭt : rḍel reṭtel g ⇒ gg : ger ggar ɣ ⇒ qq : yenɣa ineqq k ⇒ kk : ikiw kkaw t ⇒ tt : ftel fettel

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Tamawt : – w d y ma ssden zemren ad uɣalen d targalt nniḍen, d taɣert :

w iţɣar s gg neɣ s kk y iţɣar s gg

Akka : – w : w ⇒ gg :

yerwi ireggi aweḍ aggaḍ

w ⇒ kk : iwet yekkat

– y : y ⇒ gg : ɛyu iɛeggu

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AMSERTI

– Amserti, mi ara mlilen sin n yimesliyen, ţuɣalen d yiwen umesli : yiwen yemlal d wayeḍ, msertin.

– Deg tarrayt-a, tugeţ, amserti fiḥel ma ikad-d di tira, anagar ḍ+t deg wunti

1) – d - t > ţ-ţ / t-t

– d n tilawt : d taqcict > ţ-ţaqcict

– tanzeɣt d : argaz d tmeṭtut > argaz ţ-ţmeṭtut

– ad n yimal : ad+t = ad t > aţ-ţ = at-t ad tedduḍ = ad tedduḍ > aţ-ţedduḍ

Tamawt :

Ma d imal + amyag yeftin i iman-is, ulac ajerriḍ–usemlili (–), ma yerna d n tnila yif-it ma yedda deg tira. Ad tawiḍ Maca : Ad d–tawiḍ

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2) – ḍ + t = ṭ

ablaḍ ⇒ tablaṭ abrid ⇒ tabriṭ

Tamawt : Ma yemlal ḍ n wemyag yeftin udem wis-2 asuf d wemqim

usrid t, yezga ulac amserti di tira : twalaḍ-t, teččiḍ-t

3) –Tanzeɣt « n » :

Ur teţawi ara amserti – n + l > l-l :

aman n lebḥer > aman l-lebḥer – n + ṛ > ṛ-r :

awal n ṛebbi > awal ṛ-Rebbi – n + f > f-f :

tajmaɛt n ferru > tajmaɛt f-ferru

– n + m > m-m : taxatemt n meţu > taxatemt m-meţu

– n + b > m : axxam n baba > axxam m-baba

– n + w > w-w : tawwurt n wexxam > tawwurt w-wexxam

Ihi : talɣa 1ut > talɣa 2t

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AḌRIS :

WIN I D-YUƔALEN Illel. Abrid. Azaɣar. Adrar. Taddart. Axxam. Iwet di tewwurt

yekcem. Tawwurt n wesqif tewwi anina, tugar ṭtbel neɣ lewǧeh yeffɣen deg uɣanim, mi yewwi yid-s aɣlaɣal deg wedrar.

Acemma din ur ibeddel.Taɛrurt ibubb-iţ welɣem, taddart tbubb-iţ tewrirt. Abrid isurufen deg-s, d ccama i ţ-yebḍan ɣef sin. Yurǧa imir ikad-as-d annect-ilat. Nniqal yuyes, yuɣal am wakken yeḍmaɛ ulac win i s-d-yeslan, meqqar ad yuɣal sya, ad yader tirec-ṭirec-ɣerbal-i. Taddart, adrar, azaɣar. Igenni di temsrifegt ! Ad yuɣal agemmaḍ-in ! Cwiṭ akka yesla i wesqerbeb, ata-n slan-as-d ! Acu swayes ara ten-yemmagger ? Teţel taɣect, ticirecţ n waldun la teţbuɛbun di tyersi.

Ɛ.M. Ungal

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ILUGAN N TIRA

Llan 7 ilugan n tira

ALAGAN AMENZU : Yiwen umesli=Yiwen usekkil – Yiwen umesli yezga fell-as yiwen usekkil. Tarrayt-a tuli ɣef

tdamsa n yisekkilen. – Deg tarrayin tiqburin, yiwen umesli yezmer ad yaru s yiwen,

sin neɣ ugar d asekkil. Amedya :

ul zik iţaru oul ačamar zik iţaru atchamar tamurt zik iţaru thamourth imezwura zik iţaru imezououra

Deg tarrayin n zik ggten isekkilen, tiseddi txus. Tikkwal asusru

ẓzay, tugeţ i win ur neţmeslay Tamaziɣt.

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ALAGAN WIS-SIN : Tussda Amesli iţarun s sin n isekkilen, d ussid (neɣ d aɣezzfan). Amedya :

bibb, bb d ussid dadda, dd d ussid akk-a, kk d ussid xixxi, xx d ussid

Tamawt : - amesli ussid, iţbeddil anamek Amedya :

Am.awezzlan Amedya Am.ussid Amedya Z Zem zz Zzem S Usu ss Ussu F Ifan ff Iffan R ruḥ rr rruḥ

Ihi : - amesli awezlan = yiwen usekkil - amesli ussid = sin n yisekkilen - ulac amesli iţarun s nnig sin n isekkilen

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ALAGAN KRAḌ : Tufayt. – Imesliyen ufayen ţawin tineqqiṭ s wadda D wi :

ḍ, ẓ – r, s, d, t ţawin tufayt : ṛ ṣ ṭ Amedya :

ḍ aḍu ṛ ṛrmel ṣ ṣsaba ṭ aṭarus ẓ aẓekka

– r yezga d ufay ma yedda d ɣ, x, q

aɣrum axrab aqrab – Imesla l, c, tikkwal ţawin tufayt : c,̣ maca d tisuraf, fiḥel ma

ddant-d di tira.

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Tamawt :

– ḥ ɣas iţawi tineqqiṭ s-wadda, mačči d ufay : d targalt i yiman-is.

– tufayt teţbeddil anamek :

azrem - aẓrem adar - aḍar

– tufayt tnetteḍ, (amesli ufay isenṭaḍ-iţ i yiǧiranen-is) :

aḍaṛ aẓṛu aṭaṛus. Yiwet n tneqqiṭ kan ara yeddun deg wawal ! Amedya : aḍar. ḍ kan i d ufay, tufayt-is ibubb-iţ r

– deffir ɣ, q, x, tufayt tezga ɣef r. Fiḥel ma tura. Amedya :

aɣrum, aɣrab, aqrab, aqrur, axrib

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ALAGAN UKKUZ : Aggaɣ = Azenzaɣ

Targalin-a : b, d, g, k, t, ɣur-sent 2 n wazalen mgarraden, ɣas mcabahen. Ţilint d taggaɣin neɣ d tizenzaɣin

Amedya : Asekkil azal aggaɣ azal azenzaɣ

b bibb baba

d dadda idir

g bges iger

k ayefki akal

t tulles tullas

Ihi :

– Amesli azenzaɣ d umesli aggaɣ, yiwet n tira-nsen. Amgirred deg wemsisli kan, mačči deg tira.

– Di Tmaziɣt, llant tutlayin tizenzaɣin (am Teqbaylit), llant tutlayin taggaɣin (am Tmaceɣt ) AGGAƔ = AZENZAƔ = YIWEN USEKKIL

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ALAGAN SEMMUS : Tiɣra. Di tmaziɣt llant 3 n tiɣra : a, i, u.

1_ ASEKKIL e : – mačči d tiɣri, d ilem, neɣ d tiɣri tilemt, neɣ cewwa. – isifsus asusru, iţruẓu targalin ma ggtent :

krznt kerzent asbcbc asbecbec

– ur iţili ara deg taggara n wawal :

aman amane Affar affare

– iţembiwil deg wawal :

amger (...ger) imegran (..meg.. ) amggerḍ amggreḍ

– yezga di tazzwara n wemyag yan-sekkil (n yiwen usekkil :

eg, ekk, ečč, err. 2 _ ISEKKILEN w d y :

mačči d tiɣra : d targalin, azgen-tiɣra. 3 _ Di Tmaziɣt, ulac tiɣra ɣezzifen. 4 _ Tanẓa :

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Ma mlalent snat n tiɣra, ţarwent-d azgen-tiɣri y : d tanẓa

a + a : tilufa-a tilufa-ya a + i : yenna-i yenna-yi a + u : asefru-a asefru-ya i + a : ilemẓi-a ilemẓi-ya i + i : ibki-inna ibki-yinna

Tamawt : y n tenẓa, yif-it ma ikad-d di tira

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ALAGAN SḌIS : awal = anamek Awal yuran yezmer i yiman-is deg unamek. Taɣuri, anamek ad d-yezwir ɣer tiṭ. Yal aferdis ɣur-s anamek

(unité significative minimale). GM : 1 _ Awal iţuddum-d seg uẓar-is. Yal awal s uẓar-is. Awal yuran ma ikad-d d war aẓar, tira-s

diri-ţ ! 2 _ Tugeţ, Amserti, fiḥel ma ikad-d deg tira, iteffer anamek :

– deg wexxam > deg-gwexxam – am waman > am-maman – tefkiḍ-t > tefkiṭ – n tmurt > t-tmurt

Maca : tablaṭ, tamaṭ 3– Tira d tin irekden gar wemsisli d wesnisli! ALAGAN SA : Tameslayt > Agemmay D agemmay ara yeknun i yilugan n tmeslayt. Ama d

agemmay n Tfinaɣ, ama d win n Teɛrabt neɣ n Tlaṭinit : d agemmay ara ibibben ilugan n tmeslayt.

Amedya, di Tmaziɣt, ulac tiɣra ɣezzifen !

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SNAT N TMAWAYIN ƔEF YILUGAN N TIRA

1 – tanɣit :

– Ulac tanɣit deg tira, maca ilaq wektay fell-as – Tanɣit teţunefk s usekkil ibubb °, akka : asekkil +° Imesliyen anɣiyen d wi :

b g k ɣ q x Amedya :

b amb°iwel gg amegg°reḍ g ag°eẓ kk akk° k ak°er ɣ alɣ°em q aq°rab x ax°lenj

Tamawt : _ Anɣiyen g k ɣur-sen 2 n imesliyen : aggaɣ (agg°aḍ), akk d

uzenzaɣ (ag°erz, ak°er). _ Anɣiyen llan wid i ten-iţarun akken nniḍen, rennun-as w i

usekkil, akka : bw gw kw ɣw qw xw

w sdat usekkil, neɣ di twenza-s : bw, gw, atg.. _ Anɣiyen ur mmiɣen ara di Tmaziɣt merra : llant tutlayin deg ur

llin ara maḍi (am Bgayet ). Ɣas ulac anɣi, tugeţ anamek yiwen :

ak°er = aker agg°aḍ = aggaḍ

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Maca llant kra n tdersiwin : ak°bal # akbal asq°erqer # asqerqer sg°erg°er # sgerger k°rez # krez

2 –IWELLIHEN n useqqamu ɣef tira n Tmaziɣt (24-25/06/1996 n INALCO–Centre de Recherche Berbère–Paris).

Iwellihen-a, neḍfer-iten akk-it anagar awellih ɣef tergalt azgen-aggaɣ ţ : ţ --> tt, acku d tikwal ẓzay di tira, ulac deg-s tadamsa isekkilen.

– « ţ » neǧǧa-t akken i t-ţarun wid i ɣ-yezwaren. Imi ţ= 2 t, yezga d ussid : ţnadi, ţawi, ţazal. Imi yezga yessed, ulac 2 « ţ » : ur yderricen ara. Ihi : ţ=ţ, i teɣzi n tedlist.

Tanẓa, amaruz, amserti, uffay ur zgan ara, alamma anida ulamek, anida ibeddel unamek.

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AḌRIS :

INEBGI Imensi i s-d-wwiɣ, yečča-t armi ifukk, seksu yedhen s zzit,

nerna-yas-d iɣi. Mi ifukk učči, yeṭtef taqbuct nni n yiɣi, yeswa-ţ ; yuɣal yesfeḍ ačamar-is s ufus, daɣen acebbub-is, am wakken d aslaf ara yeslef i wemcic. Times deg ukanun la teâţirriq, la teţweccim iɣerban s tili-s, teţurar yes-sen, amzun ambiwel yefka-yasen tudert, neɣ maḍi ţwazedɣen : tarbaɛt n tewkilin tuli-ten, la gezzrent deg-sen, yeɣma weslaɣ dayenni, la ţurarent rennunt, ulac iɣimi.

Ɛ.M

Tulluzin

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ISEM

Amata : Isem d awal i d-yemmalen amdan, taɣawsa neɣ abhim. Isem ɣur-s 3 n tmeẓra :

_ tawsit : amalay, unti _ amḍan : asuf, asget _ addad : ilelli, amaruz

Tella tmeẓri nniḍen : irbiben n yisem

TAWSIT Tawsit ɣur-s sin wudmawen : amalay d wunti 1 _ AMALAY : Isem amalay tugeţ ibeddu s teɣri (a, i,u ama deg wasuf (yiwen)

ama deg wesget (sin neɣ ugar)

argaz imi udem accaren idmaren uccayen

2 _ UNTI : Isem unti tezga fell-as t sdat teɣri, ama deg wasuf ama deg

wesget.

tala timmi tuffra tanzarin tisekkrin tullas

t yeggran, tikkwal teţili

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tamurt tisegnit tuzzalt t yeggran, tikkwal teţkad-d d ţ neɣ ṭ

tureţ tasaruţ tibkiţ tiṭ tablaṭ tamaṭ

Tawawt ɣef tewsit :

1 _ Llan yismawen ur beddun ara s teɣri, beddun s tergalt :

fad laẓ seksu reffu ceffu cilmun zzuf

2 – Ismawen i d-yekkan si Taɛrabt neɣ si Tefransist : a – Ma mmuzɣen, alagan yiwen :

tibselt (am tiskert) tamdint (am taddart)

b – Ma ur mmuzɣen ara, qqimen s talɣa taneṣlit : – sdat isekkilen n wayyur, ţawin l – sdat isekkilen n yiṭij, semnennayen asekkil

amenzu. Akka :

– sdat isekkilen n wayyur : [b, f, ǧ, h, ḥ, m, ɣ, q, w, x, y, ɛ]

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b lbanka f lfidiyya ǧ lǧamaɛ h lhiba ḥ lḥif m lmizirya ɣ lɣerba q lqayed w lwali x lxayen y lyali ɛ lɛib

– sdat isekkilen n yiṭij :[c, d, ḍ, n, r, s, t, z]

c ccedda d ddel ḍ ḍdalem n nnuba r rriba s ssbeṛ t tthur z zzuf

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3 – Ismawen n timmarewt, talɣa i yiman-nsen :

yemma baba mmi yelli

atg. Maca : yemmat-neɣ babat-sen yelli-s atg.

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AMḌAN

Amḍan ɣur-s snat n tmeẓra : asuf d wesget

– asuf, ma yiwen neɣ yiwet kan – asget, ma sin neɣ snat, neɣ ugar Seg wasuf ɣer wesget ţbeddilent snat n tɣawsiwin :

1 _ tiɣri yezwaren 2 _ tafekka n yisem

1 _ Tiɣri yezwaren (amagrad) :

_ Asuf s u : tiɣri u tezga deg wesget :

ul ulawen uccen uccanen tuzyint tuzyinin tuɣmest tuɣmas

_ Asuf s i : ɣur-s snat n talɣiwin deg wesget :

– tugeţ, i iţɣimi deg wesget : izi izan tizi tizza ilef ilfan tiziţ tizatin

– tidersi, i iţuɣal d a : iccer accaren iinzert tanzarin

_ neɣ d tasureft, i iţuɣal d u : iḍ uḍan

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_ Asuf s a ɣur-s 3 n talɣiwin deg wesget.

– tugeţ, a iţuɣal d i : amɣar imɣaren tamɣart timɣarin ayamun iyamunen tasemunt tisemunin

– tikkwal, a iţɣimi d a : ayyaw ayyawen tayyawt tayyawin tadla tadliwin tama tamiwin

– tidersi, a iţuɣal d u : ass ussan taddart tudrin

2 _Tafekka n yisem : Ama deg umalay, ama deg wunti, tafekka tezmer ad beddel s 3 n tɣura :

a _ tahrayt (timerna n n aneggaru) b _ tamlellit ( asget s a ) c _ tuddsa s tehrayt d temlellit.

a _ Asget s tehrayt ( n aneggaru) : – talɣa s en / in : en deg umalay, in deg

wunti afellaḥ ifellaḥen tafellaḥt tifellaḥin amɣar imɣaren tamɣart timɣarin

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Tamawt : deg wunti, t aneggaru n wasuf iɣelli sdat in n wesget. – talɣa s awen / awin :

izem / izmawen tizemt / tizmawin udem / udmawen tudemt / tudmawin

– talɣa s iwen / iwin : ixef / axfiwen tixeft / taxfiwin iɣirdem / iɣirdemiwen tiɣirdemt / tiɣirdemiwin

Maca : – talɣa s an / atin :

aslem / iselman taslemt / tiselmatin ilef / ilfan tileft / tilfatin

b _ Asget s temlellit : (asget s a )

– Tiɣra i neɣ u yeggran neɣ sdat tergalt deg wasuf

ţuɣalent d a deg wesget : aẓru / iẓra taẓruţ / tiẓra aɣyul / iɣyal taɣyult / tiɣyal amcic / imcac tamcict / timcac

– Tezmer ad tili temlellit temnenni (double alternance) :

a...u/u...a : asaru / isura a...i/u...a : agazi / iguza a...a/u...a : asalas / isulas a...e/i...a : aɣaref / iɣuraf i...u/u...a : afilku / ifulka i...e/u...a : iziker / izukar

c _ Asget yeddsen : (tamlellit + tahrayt)

36

afus / ifassen deg-s tahrayt :.....en deg-s tamlellit : u/a (alternance vocalique)

Imedyaten nniḍen :

a / a : afrag ifergan i / a : azniq izenqan u / a : amzur imezran

Tamawt : – t yeggran deg wasuf unti, tɣelli deg wesget :

taqcict tiqcicin tizemt tizmawin

– Tikkwal asget, afeggag-is mačči d win n wasuf, maca d ur-ilugan :

aqcic arrac tameṭtut tilawin tafunast tistan

– Isem n tesmekta (n wannect) d urmeskil s wemḍan, ur iţawi ara asget, yezga s wasuf :

ad d-yaɣ ameṣmar yegget uzemmur

adlis i d-yeffɣen

Tugeţ, talɣa n wesget d ta : tawsit suf asget amalay a.... i....en unti ta... ti....in

37

ADDAD – Addad ɣur-s snat n talɣiwin :

ilelli d umaruz – Ma yezwar yisem-ameggay di twinest, iţili d ilelli. Ma yeggra

iţili d amaruz.

a – Ilelli : b – Amaruz : argaz yuder yuder wergaz tazeqqa tuli tuli tzeqqa irgazen nzan nzan yergazen asif yeqqur yeqqur wasif

tiwwura ldint ldint tewwura – Amaruz yezmer ad yili d aḥerfi neɣ d ussid.

1 _ Amaruz aḥerfi : a – Amalay : – Isem s a : a > w / u, w sdat teɣri, u sdat tergalt

akal yeffud yeffud wakal afellaḥ yekker yekker ufellaḥ aṭarus yesseḍ yesseḍ uṭarus

38

– Isem s u : u > wu

uzzal ẓzay ẓzay wuzzal ul yegzem yegzem wul

– Isem s i : i > y

ixxamen grurjen grurjen yexxamen izmawen negren negren yizmawen imi yemdel yemdel yimi

Tamawt : – i iţɣimi d i deg yismawen ɣezzifen (nnig 3 n tunṭiqin).

idurar ɣummen ɣummen idurar ibeckiḍen ggugmen ggugmen ibeckiḍen

39

b – Unti : – Isem s tu : tu iţɣimi akken

tuccent tuɣwas tuɣwas tuccent tullas ţrunt ţrunt tullas

– Isem s ta / ti : llant snat n talɣiwin

_ tiɣri tɣelli ( ta ⇒ te / t ) :

taxxamt meqqret meqqret texxamt tamurt teččur teččur tmurt tazemmurt tefsa tefsa tzemmurt

_ tiɣri teţɣimi :

taddart teččur teččur taddart tili tella tella tili taluft tefra tefra taluft

2 _ Amaruz ussid :

– Isem amalay yezmer ad yili umaruz-is yessed, ma d asemmad n yisem, neɣ n tenzeɣt, neɣ sdat imerna n tsmekta (cwiṭ, drus, kra, annect, atg.)

– Amaruz ussid fiḥel ma ikad-d deg tira. – Isem s u : iţawi ww

aṭtan n wul > aṭtan wwul taruẓi n wuffal > taruẓi wwuffal

– Isem s a : iţawi ww

40

imeṭti n wezger > imeṭti wwezger tama n wasif > tama wwasif

– Isem s i : iţawi yy / gg

tafat n yetri > tafat yyetri

tayerza n yiger > tayerza yyiger Tamawt : Ma d isem ɣezzifen (nnig 3 n tunṭiqin), amaruz-is yezmer ad d-yas

d aḥerfi : anẓad uqerru tamurt iderɣalen

Deg tira, yif-it ma tedda-d tenzeɣt n :

anẓad n uqerru tamurt n (y)iderɣalen)

41

3 _ ASEMRES n umaruz :

a _ Amgay deffir n wemyag :

yekkat wedfel yeswa wakal tcebbeḥ tmurt

b _ Asemmad n wemḍan : yiwen (n) wezger snat (n) tlawin

c _ Asemmad n tenzeɣt : yenna i teqcict nnig webrid deffir wedrar yeffeɣ si texxamt yeţwaṭtef am uɣerda yekker-d seg waṭtan afus n tsebbalt tala n umalu yefka-yas ddew-ufus yeɣli ɣef wudem

d _ Imeskanen n wemyag : (aya, ayenni, wa, win, wihin, widak, wigad,....)

yeshel waya diri-t wayenni

f _ Imerna n tesmekta neɣ n wakud : (albɛaḍ, yan, acemma,

ilindi, azekka, amek, anida, ansi, annect.) yella wamek yenna walbɛaḍ ma d-yuɣal yilindi

42

g _ Isem n twinest :

aţ-a tmurt ! at-a uḥeddad !

Tamawt : Amaruz yezmer ad ibeddel anamek :

bnan yexxamen # bnan ixammen yemmut yilindi # yemmut ilindi

Amaruz yezmer ad yawi ajerriḍ n beṭtu, maca mačči d imezgi :

ddew-ufus lmelḥ-ufus TAGGRAYT :

A F E L W I ɣef waddad n yisem

Ta s t Add d ilelli Amaruz aḥerfi

AMALAY

u ul wul a argaz wergaz

i ilef yilef

UNTI

ta tamɣart temɣart

ti titbirt tetbirt

43

IRBIBEN N YISEM – Talɣa-nsen d tin n yisem. – ţawin ilugan-is : Amedya :

ibidiyen imellalen d aberkan i d-yezwaren d awessur i d-tessager tberkant

A F E L W I ɣef yerbiben n yisem

Tawsit Amḍan Ilelli Amaruz

AMALAY

Asuf aberkan uberkan

Asget iberkanen (y)iberkanen

UNTI

Asuf taberkant tberkant

Asget tiberkanin tberkanin

44

Tamawt : 1 _ Irbiben n tɣara : lɛali / yir

– lɛali : d urmeskil, iţili d : – asemmad n tenzeɣt :

argaz n lɛali > argaz l-lɛali tameṭtut n lɛali> tameṭtut l-lɛali

– arbib n yisem : d lɛali aqcic d lɛali taqcict –arbib n wemqim : d lɛali-ţ d lɛali-ten

– yir : d urmeskil, ɣur-s snat n talɣiwin : yir / dir – yir, d arbib n yisem :

yir (a) rgaz yir tameṭtut

– dir : – sdat yisem ilelli :

dir tameɣra-ya – sdat wemqim :

dir-iţ tmeɣra-ya dir-ik

2 _ Izwiren bu /bu , at/ sut :

45

Izwiren-a, ad ilin d ilelliyen, acu zemren ad qqnen ɣer yisem

amaruz : bu yiles at yiles mm texxamin sut texxamin bu ubernus at yibrenyas mm yicalan sut yicalan at wexxam sut tɣaltin

Maca : sut taddart bu tamart

Tamawt : ajerriḍ n beṭtu ur d imezgi, yezmer ad yesfeḍ.

46

AḌRIS:

DI LUZIN Imeẓzuɣen-is ṭubbnen si zzhir n imuturen. Ugaren rrɛud.

Imeẓzuɣen d tawwent, imuturen d afḍis. Akka i teṭentun tessirt anda i d-yeẓzad timẓin d yirden asmi yella d amectuḥ.

Tissirt n Si-Meqqran n Taddart-Umalu. Tusa-d ɣef webrid (n) ukerrus. Dinna akk i llan medden ẓzaden, acku ulac tissirt nniḍen di lɛerc-nsen. Zik i d-teţenkar yemma-s ad as-tɛebbi i weɣyul. Taylewt sya tayeḍ syin. Tikkwal tayeḍ di tlemmast s-ufella n tbarda.

Ɛ.M. Iḍ d wass

ungal

47

AMYAG

Amata :

– Amyag d awal ifettin i-lmend n wudem d wakud : zemreɣ, tzemreḍ, yezmer, ad zemreɣ, ad tzemreḍ, ad yezmer

_ Fell-as i tbennu twinest. – Amyag yezga iţunefk s wudem wis-2 n wasuf :

zmer, azzel, ečč – Amyag yegzem ɣef sin waggayen :

1 _ amyag amagnu : zmer, ečč, afeg,...

2 _ amyag n tɣara : imẓi, iɣzif,...

AGGAYEN

1 _ Amyag amagnu :

– Amyag amagnu yemmal tigawt neɣ addad – Amyag amagnu ɣur-s 6 n talɣiwin : 3 fettint 3 ur fettint ara

a – 3 n talɣiwin ifettin : fettint s wakud :

anaḍ, urmir, izri. _ Anaḍ :

– D akud n usendeh – Mi ara s-tiniḍ i yiwen ad yesker kra, akud nni d anaḍ :

afeg, aweḍ, sew Anaḍ ɣur-s 3 n tmeẓra :

48

anaḍ aḥerfi : afeg suref anaḍ ussid : ţafeg suruf anaḍ ussid ibaw : ur ţafeg ur suruf...

_ Urmir :

– tigawt werɛad teḍra : afgeɣ, tesweḍ, yaweḍ,... – Urmir ɣur-s 3 tmeẓra :

urmir aḥerfi : tafgeḍ urmir ussid : teţafgeḍ urmir ibaw : ur......

Tamawt : ad + urmir > imal : ad + tafgeḍ (ad tafgeḍ) Deg yimal, tigawt ɣer sdat ara teḍru

– Izri : – tigawt dayen teḍra, tezri :

ufgeɣ, teswiḍ, yewweḍ... – Izri ɣur-s 3 n tmeẓra :

izri aḥerfi : tufgeḍ izri ussid : teţafgeḍ izri ibaw : ur...

Tamawt :

49

Ussid, d tigawt ɣef itessed win iţmeslayen, ɣur-s 2 waddaden : ilaw (+) :..... ibaw ( – ) : ur....

b – 3 n talɣiwin ur nfetti : – Amaɣun ilaw : yufgen – Amaɣun ibaw : ur nufig

– Isem amyag : afug, ifeg

2 _ Amyag n tɣara : – d amyag i d-iţakken taɣara n tɣawsa neɣ n wudem :

fsus meẓzi merreɣ werraɣ zeddig ḥercaw

– ur iţawi ara azwar nniḍen, anagar ur n tibawt AFELWI ɣef wemyag n tɣara

50

– urmir-is, am win n wemyag amagnu.

ISMILEN

Udem Izri anaḍ

asuf

1 .....ɣ

2 .....ḍ 2......

3 amalay .....

3 unti .....t

asget

1 ......it

2 amalay ......it ……t

2 unti .....mt .....mt

3......... .....it

51

Ismilen n wemyag ddan ɣef snat n talɣiwin : 1 _ talɣa taḥerfit 2 _ talɣa tazellumt

1 _ Talɣa taḥerfit : Asmil ibedd ɣef tiɣra yellan deg ufeggag n wemyag

a _Talɣa s teɣri tilemt ( e ) : – amyag yan-sekkil :

ekk aẓar : k eg aẓar : g eww aẓar : w

– amyag sin-sekkil : ger aẓar : gr ffer aẓar : fr

– amyag kraḍ-sekkil : sker aẓar : skr ṣbeṛ aẓar : ṣbr bges aẓar : bgs

– amyag kuẓ-sekkil : qerdec aẓar : qrdc ferfed aẓar : frfd gurzen aẓar : grzn

b – Talɣa s teɣri yeččuren ( a, i, u ) : Tiɣri yeččuren ad tili :

– zwar-feggag :

52

azzel aẓar : zl aweḍ aẓar : wḍ

– daɣ-feggag : grireb aẓar : grb suḍ aẓar : sḍ cuf aẓar : cf

– ggray-feggag : bru aẓar : br glu aẓar : gl rwi aẓar : rw

– temnenni : izdig aẓar : zdg inig aẓar : ng irid aẓar : rd

Tamawt : Talɣa taḥerfit tezmer ad tili tessed :

ečč teţ krz kerrez ger ggar qerdec ţqerdic arez ţarez

2 – Talɣa tazellumt :

– D timerna n usekkil sdat wemyag i tseddi unamek. – Deg-s llant 3 n tmeẓra d tijegda :

53

a – Aswaɣ (factitive) b – Amyaɣ (réciproque) c – Aţwaɣ (passive) a _ Aswaɣ (talɣa s s ) :

sali siweḍ sbecbec skiccew sberdeɛ sluɣ sečč smed senger sniger seww ssew sferfer swaɣ

Tamawt : – Tikkwal, s n weswaɣ -⇒ z, deg umeslay :

sizdeg ⇒ zizdeg senz ⇒ zenz

Deg tira iţɣimi d s :

sizdeg > zizdeg senz > zenz

b _ Amyaɣ (talɣa s m, my) :

myergam myussan mɣunfu myerwal mbiwel myufa mlaɣi myarez mgarrad

c _ Aţwaɣ (talɣa s t, ţ, ţu, ţw ) :

54

t thenni, ttekki ţ ţekki, ţebder ţu ţusemma, ţuciweṛ ţw ţwaɣ, ţwet

Llan yemyagen aţwaɣ-nsen s m neɣ s n : mečč mels nebra nefk

Tamawt : 1 _ Talɣiwin-a : a aswaɣ b amyaɣ c aţwaɣ, ţawint tuddsa gar-asent : _ a + b = aswaɣ n wemyaɣ : s + m + amyag : smerẓi smenɣ _ b + a = amyaɣ n weswaɣ : m + s + amyag :

msawi msečč mseɣli _ c + a = aţwaɣ n weswaɣ :

ţ + s + amyag : ţusečč ţuserbeḥ

2 _ Talɣiwin-a, llan yemyagen ur tent-nesdukkel ara : Amedya : amyag ṭtef, ur iţawi ara aswaɣ, ma yezwar-as s,

anamek ibeddel : suṭtef

55

ASEFTI – Imyagen akken ma llan, s yiwen n usefti, tasureft

d izri n yemyagen n tɣara. – Asefti, d timerna n yewṣilen i wemyag. – Asefti, d amyag ara yeftin ilmend n wakud : anaḍ, izri, urmir. Amedya : amyag ili 1 – ANAḌ : ANAḌ

udem aḥerfi ussid ibaw 2 mly sf …. ili ţili ur ţ...

2 mly sgt ….t ilit ţilit ur ţ...t

2 unt sgt ...mt ilimt ţilimt ur ţ...mt

56

2 _ URMIR

57

2 _ IẒRI Tamawat :

udem

aḥerfi

ussid

ibaw

asuf

Nek .....ɣ lliɣ ţiliɣ ur …

keč/kem t.....ḍ telliḍ teţiliḍ ur …

neţa y.... yella iţili ur …

neţat t... tella teţili ur …

asget

nekkni n… nella neţili ur …

kunwi t…m tellam teţilim ur …

kunnemti t…mt tellamt teţilimt ur …

– Imal d yezri ur mgarraden ara di tussda 3 – IMAL : – Deg yimal, tigawt, ɣer sdat, werɛad teḍra. – Imal d urmir tezwar-as tzelɣa ad neɣ ara (ar-a)

58

a – Tizelɣin n yimal :

– ad : ma amyag, d war-amasaɣ, tigawt ulac deg-s acukket (ulac

ma). ad yebru ad yeddu ad yuɣal tameddit ad yebru ticki ad yeddu azekka ad d-yuɣal

– ara : ma tigawt d tamassaɣt, tigawt ahat ad teḍru. Di talɣa-ya, d a

i d-iţaken imal, ar d tinzaɣt ( ar-ad). akal ara yekrez > (....ar-ad yekrez) akraren iwumi ara yebru > (...ar-ad yebru) d neţa ara t-yeččen > (...ar-ad t-yeččen) azekka ara d-yuɣal > (....ar-ad d-yuɣal)

b – Imal :

Amedya : amyag awi

59

udem

aḥerfi

ussid

asuf

Nek .....ɣ

ad awiɣ ad ţawiɣ

keč/kem t.....ḍ ad tawiḍ ad teţawiḍ

neţa y.....

ad yawi ad iţawi

neţat t... ad tawi ad teţawi

asget

nekkni n…

ad nawi ad neţawi

kunwi t…m ad tawim ad teţawim

kunnemti t.…mt ad tawimt

ad teţawimt

nutni …n

ad awin ad ţawin

nutenti …nt ad awint

ad ţawint

60

Tamawt :

1 _ Deg tira n yimal, ulac amserti : ad + t > at-t / aţ-ţ ad + n > an-n

2 – awṣil n wudem wis-3 asuf ɣur-s snat n tira :

y / i _ y : sdat 2 n tergalin neɣ targalt yessden :

yenna yekrez yeddem yesseww yebren

neɣ sdat tiɣri yeččuren : yas-d yufa yini yader

– i : sdat yiwet n tergalt :

Ikad iɣawel isemma iṣub icar idewwer

61

Tiddest tamaẓlayt : asefti n yemyagen n tɣara Amedya : amyag ibrik

udem amyag yeftin

asuf

nek berrikeɣ

keč, kem berrikeḍ

netta Berrik

neţat berriket

asget

nekkni berrikit

kunwi berrikit

kunemti berrikemt

nutni, nutenti berrikit

62

S umata :

G M : Llan yemyagen yeftin deg tmeẓri d tagaluzt, am wa :

uggaɣ ! ( izri udem 1u asuf ? )

63

AMAƔUN

– Amaɣun ɣur-s snat n talɣiwin :

talɣa tilawt (+) talɣa tibawt ( –)

– Amaɣun yella d aḥerfi, yella d ussid – Amaɣun yella d urmir, yella d izri Amedya : imyagen awi, ečč 1 _ Amaɣun izri ilaw :

argaz yewwin tameṭtut yeččan

talɣa s umata : ye.....n 2 _ Amaɣun izri ibaw :

argaz ur newwi tameṭtut ur nečči

talɣa s umata : ur n..... 3 – Amaɣun urmir aḥerfi :

argaz ara yawin tameṭtut ara yeččen

talɣa s umata : y.....n 4 – Amaɣun urmir ussid :

argaz ara iţawin tameṭtut ara iteţen

talɣa s umata : y......n / i.....n

64

5 – Amaɣun urmir ussid ibaw :

argaz ur neţawi tameṭtut ur nteţ

talɣa s umata : ur n..... Tamawt : – Amaɣun d urmeskil : unti = amalay, asuf = asget

win yewwin tin yewwin wid yewwin win yeččan tin yeččan tid yeččan win iččan # win i ččan

65

ISEM AMYAG – D isem yebnan s uẓar n wemyag – Yezmer ad yeddukel d wemyag-is, akken ad yessed unamek :

temẓi meẓzi tebrek berriket tiddin yedda taguni igen učči yečča tannumi yennum

– Yezmer ad yili neţa d yemyagen nniden :

iţaɣ s berru yedder s kennu

Tamawt : – Tikkwal isem amyag ɣur-s talɣa nniḍen : tɣelli-yas tergalt

n uẓar-is ! bzeg abazug azzug

Deg tira, talɣa-a tis-snat fiḥel ma tkad-d : talɣa 1ut > talɣa 2t

abagus > aggus abazug > azzug

66

TIBAWT

Tizelɣa n tibawt : a _ ur : iţak tibawt i yiman-is : – Ma amyag ddan-d yid-s wawalen-a : acemma,

wara, yiwen, albɛaḍ, kra. ur d-yewwiḍ wara ur yewwiḍ yiwen ur d-yewwiḍ wacemma ur d-yewwiḍ walbɛaḍ

– Deg tenfalin am :

ur yelli, ur ţaggad – Ma tibawt d taqurant :

teggul ur terna wayeḍ teddun wa ur iţmeslay i wa

b _ ur.... ara : amyag gar tzelɣin ur d ara

ur yewwiḍ ara

c _ urɛad / mazal : weɛad yewwiḍ mazal yewwiḍ

d _ urǧin / leɛmer :

ur-ǧin yewwiḍ

67

e _ mačči / lamči :

sin n iseggasen d tikli, mačči yewweḍ ! kra yenna, mačči cfan-as !

f _ ur d : limer ur d neţat, ur isaweḍ

Tamawt : – llant tzelɣin nniḍen, maca ur mmiɣent ara :

deg umur n ara : ani, ec

deg umur n ur : tḥa, wer

– tikkwal ur iţak-d ul, ma iţekki deg umernu : ulanda, ulansi, ulawumi, ulamek, atg.

68

AḌRIS:

TAMƔART Teddem ssella, tger deg-s tagelzimt, ɣas akka ur d-tzeddem

ara. Tagelzimt tlaq di lexla. Yiwen ur yeẓri acu ara s-d-tger teswiɛt.... Yelha win iţḥezziben, yelha win iţḥebbiren. Tesmundel

timess teǧǧa fell-as aseksut. Temdel tawwurt n wexxam, terna tin n wesqif. Ageffur tura iruḥ am wakken yesnexfet cwiṭ. Yedda d usigna metwal Taddart-Ufella....

Tura bdan teffɣen medden. At taddart am iyuzaḍ, zik i gganen, zik i ţakin. Win yɛeyan meskin ur t-id-isaḥ ara ad iɛiwez, akken ad yekker zik-zik, ad yaɛnu ccɣel-is. Teḍra d medden am winna yessegririben aẓru seg wedrar ɣer wayeḍ. Asteɛfu ulac. Rrbeḥ ulac. Tidi ur teqqim ara, ikufan ur ččuren ara.

Ɛ.M. iḍ d wass

ungal

69

AMQIM UDMAWAN

Amata : Ɣer wemqim, llan 3 n wudmawen : – deg wasuf :

nek keč / kem neţa / neţat.

– deg wesget : nekkni / nkkenti kunwi / kunnemti nutni / nutenti

– Amqim udmawan iţili : d ilelli neɣ yeqqen (d awṣil) Ma yeqqen ɣer tenzeɣt : d awṣil n tenzeɣt

deffir-s ddaw-i

Ma yeqqen ɣer yisem : d awṣil n yisem taddart-iw idammen-ines

Ma yeqqen ɣer wemyag, d awṣil n wemyag (d asemmad) : – d asemmad usrid :

walaɣ-t – d asemmad urusrid :

yenna-yi – Amqim udmawan d aferdis iţarun i yiman-is. Maca yif-it

ma iţawi ajerriḍ.

70

1 – AMQIM UDMAWAN ILELLI :

71

Tamawt : – Amqim udmawan ilelli iţaru s yiwet n tmeẓri kan :

am nek am keč i nek i keč d neţa sɣur neţat

2 – AWṢIL N TENZEƔT : – Amqim udmawan ma yeqqen ɣer tenzeɣt, iţusemma d

asemmad, neɣ d awṣil n tenzeɣt. – D awezzlan akk deg yemqimen – Tinzaɣ iţawin awṣil, d ti :

deg seg ɣur ɣer yid yis sdat deffir nnig ddaw fell.

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Iwṣilen n tenzaɣ : Amedya :

fell-i ɣur-i yes-i deg-i fell-ak ɣur-k yes–k deg-k fell-am ɣur-m yes-m deg-m fell-as ɣur-s yes-s deg-s fell-aneɣ ɣur-neɣ yes-neɣ deg-neɣ fell-awen ɣur-wen yes-wen deg-wen fell-awent ɣur-went yes-went deg-went fell-asen ɣur-wen yes-wen deg-wen fell-asent ɣur-sent yes-sent deg-sent

Tamawt : – Udem 1u n wesget ɣur-s talɣa nniḍen :

-aneɣ -atneɣ fell-aneɣ ddaw-atneɣ

– Udem wis-2 n wesget unti ɣur-s daɣen talɣa nniḍen : -kent fell-akent ɣur-kent

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3 – AWṢIL N YISEM : – Amqim ma yeqqen ɣer yisem iţusemma d awṣil n yisem,

neɣ d asemmad n yisem. – Awṣil n yisem, d neţa i d-iţaken tikti n wayla : d amatar

n wayla Udmawen : -iw / -inu / -w :

ul-iw (-inu) tasa-w (-inu) -ik / -inek /-k :

ul-ik (-inek) tasa-k (-inek) -im / -inem / -m :

ul-im (-inem) tasa-m (-inem) -is / -ines / -s :

ul-is (-ines) tasa-s (-ines) -(n)neɣ :

ul-nneɣ tasa-nneɣ -(n)nteɣ :

ul-nteɣ tasa-nteɣ -(n)nwen :

ul-nwen tasa-nwen -(n)nkent :

ul-nkent tasa-nkent -(n)nsen :

ul-nsen tasa-nsen -(n)nsent : ul-nsent tasa-nsent

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Tamawt : – Deg wasuf, awṣil n yisem ɣur-s 3 n talɣiwin :

-w / -iw / -inu -k / -ik / -inek -m / -im / -inem -s / -is / -ines – Awṣil n yisem tezga yid-s ujerriḍ, anagar ma yella kra gar

yisem d wewṣil-is : axxam-inna, ines wi t-ilan ? ines

4– IWṢILEN N TIMMAREWT, deg wesget, ţawin t gar yisem

d wemqim : gma-t-neɣ / gmatneɣ gma-t-wen / gmatwen gma-t-kent / gmatkent gma-t-sen / gmatsen gma-t-sent / gmatsent

– Ismawen n timmarewt, ţawin ajerriḍ :

baba-s yemma-s yelli-t-neɣ jedd-nsen

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5 – AWṢIL N WEMYAG : – Amqim udmawan ma yeqqen ɣer wemyag, iţusemma d awṣil

n wemyag. Iţili d asemmad usrid neɣ d asemmad urusrid

a – Asemmad urusrid : tiririt i tuţra iwumi ? Udmawen Imedyaten -iyi -yi yini-yi yenna-yi -ak -yak yin(i)-(y)ak yenna-yak -am -yam yini-yam yenna-yam -as -yas yini-yas yenna-yas -aɣ -yaɣ yini-yaɣ yenna-yaɣ

-awen -yawen yini-yawen yenna-awen -akent -yakent yini-yakent yenna-akent -asen -yasen yini-yasen yenna-yasen -asent -yasent yini-yasent yenna-yasent Tamawt : – Yal udem ɣur-s, snat talɣiwin : – Talɣa tamenzut :

-iyi, -ak, -am, -as, -awen, -akent, -asen, -asent

sdat amyag iseggran targelt : twet-iyi ikad-ak ibzeg-as iṣber-awen

– Talɣa tis-snat :

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-yi, -yak, -yam, -yas, -yaɣ, -yawen, -yakent, -yasen, -yasent

sdat amyag iseggran tiɣri : yenna-yi yesla-yak yeɣra-yas yecna-yawen

– Deg wudem 1u n wesget, tella talɣa nniḍen : -yaneɣ yini-yaneɣ yenna-yaneɣ yefka-yaneɣ yecna-yaneɣ

– Tikkwal, deg wudem 1u n wasuf iɣelli y : wwten-i ččan-i

b – Asemmad usrid : tiririt i tuţra anwa ? Udmawen Imedyaten -iyi -yi yugar-iyi yufa-yi -ik -k yugar-ik yufa-k -ikem -kem yugar-ikem yufa-kem -it -t yugar-it yufa-t -iţ -iţ yugar-iţ yufa-ţ -aɣ -yaɣ yugar-aɣ yufa-yaɣ -iken -ken yugar-iken yufa-ken

-ikent -kent yugar-ikent yufa-kent -iten -ten yugar-iten yufa-ten -itent -tent yugar-itent yufa-tent

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Tamawt : – i amenzu n yemqimen-a iţili kan ma yusa-d

deffir talqaft, iɣelli sdat wemyag yeftin, neɣ asemmad urusrid : tefkiḍ-t kksen-as-ţ yewwi-yas-tent ugaren-ten

– Awṣil asemmad usrid iţili deg kra n tenfalyin ɣas ulac deg-sent amyag :

ansi-k ? sani-kent akk-a ? d acu-ţ ? ulac-it ccwi-kem ? dir-it

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A FE L W I ɣef wemqim udmawan

Ilelli Awsil n…

Yisem

tenzeɣt

amyag

usrid arusrid

asuf

nek, nekkini

-w/iw/inu -i -yi/iyi -yi

keč, keččini

-k/ik/inek -ik -k/ik -ak

kem, kemmini

-m/ im/inem

-m -kem/ikem -am

neţa -s/is/ines -s -it -as neţat -s/is/ines -s -iţ -as

asget

nekkni -nneɣ aɣ/aneɣ -neɣ aɣ/aneɣ

kunwi -nwen -wen -ken/iken -awen

kunemti -nwent -went -ent/ikent -awent nutni -nwen -sen -ten/iten -asen

nutenti -nwent -sent -tent/itent -asent

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AḌRIS:

IMEKSAWEN – D keč akk i-ţ-ixedmen. Yusef yelha kan d yiman-is. – A nek ara yemmezlen ! Timezliwt ! Yes-s i ţfafan yemdanen. Ad t-zluɣ deffir

wemggerḍ. Ad t-zluɣ s yiccer ! Mačči d izli i yemmezlen ! Zik zellun arrac di lɛid, armi d yiwen wass, yiwen qqaren-as Smaɛil nniqal yezla-t baba-s, yiwen ugeɛmir akken qqaren-as Yebrahim. Ta, d taqsiṭ i sen-d-tessawal seţi-s asmi tella di leɛqel-is, yecfa-yas Muḥend-Ameẓyan.

Ɛ.M. Iḍ d wass

ungal

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IMḌANEN

Amata : – Imḍanen bdan ɣef 3 n iremmuɛen : 1 – amḍan n wektili 2 – amḍan n wesmizwer 3 – amḍan n beṭtu, neɣ taẓunt – Amḍan d ameskil, s tewsit : 1 – talɣa n umalay 2 – talɣa n wunti iţawi tawsit n yisem i t-yeṭtafaren – Deg TeQbaylit, imḍanen cwiṭ negren, anagar sin

i d-yeggran : yiwen, sin wiyaḍ akk d wid n Taɛrabt.

– Deg temsirt-a si Tmaceɣt ara d-neddem.

1 – IMḌANEN N WEKTILI : Imḍanen n wektili

AMḌAN AMALAY UNTI

1 Iyen Iyet 2 Sin snatet 3 Kerad Keradet 4 ukkuẓ ukkuẓet 5 Semmu e mus t 6 seḍis seḍiset 7 Ssa Ssahet Tam ttamet

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9 teẓza teẓzatet 10 Meraw merawet 11 mraw d iyen mraw d iyet 20 snatet n tmerwin 100 timeḍ (asget : timaḍ) 111 timeḍ d meraw d iyen 200 snatet n timaḍ 1000 aǧim (asget : igimen)

11000 meraw-ǧimen d i en

20000 snatet-tmerwin n aǧim

100000 timeḍ n aǧim

Tamawt : – Asemmad n yisem yezga d amaruz, deffir n wezwil ameqran

gar-asen : snatet n tmerwin ibaraden d ssin (22 n warrac) aǧim n tezzyin d snatet n timaḍ (1200 n tezdayin) snatet-ttmerwin n tisita d snatet n timaḍ (20200 n tsita)

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2 – IMḌANEN N WESMIZWER :

AMḌAN A S U F A S G ET TaQb. 1u amezwaru/amenzu imezwura/imenza

TaMac Yezzaren wi-zzarnin

TaQb. 1ut tamezwarut/tamenzut timezwura/timenza

TaMac ta-tezzaret ti-zzarnin

Imḍanen nniḍen ţarun akka : TaQb : wi s... / ti s... TaMac : wa n..../ wi n...., ta n.../ tin... aneggaru/taneggarut, s Tmac. : wa ihreyen / ta... Tamawt : Llan kra n tenfalyin i d-iţakken aswizwer : Aqell : argaz-a d aqell ! lemliḥ : d neţat i d lemliḥ !

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3 – TAẒUNT :

Tamawt :

– Beṭtu iţunefk s wallus n wawal : bḍan-ten yiwen yiwen nzan axxam axxam

TaQb. TaMac.

1/2 azgen aɣil/ddis

1/3 ţelt tafult n keradet

1/4 ṛrbaɛ tafult n ukkuẓet

1/5 tis 5 tafult n 5

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AḌRIS:

AZGEN N WERGAZ D azgen n wergaz i tuɣeḍ. Ur as-teqqareḍ ara d baba-s i t-

id-yeǧǧan. Neţa 3 n iɣallen deg tehri, ma d teɣzi fiḥel ma nenna-d. Yemma-s daɣen ur txus ara. Aṭas i turew, asider tessader-iten akken ma llan, neɣ ahat yemmut-as yiwen neɣ sin : d asfel i d-yefdan wiyaḍ. At Mraw axxam axxam, d neţat i ţawin d lemtel. Ma d kem, a yelli d aneggaru seg-sen i kem-id-iṣaḥen. Nniɣ-am yes-s i d-ţaran tiṭ imawlan-is!

Ɛ.M. Tullizin

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AMESKAN

Amata :

– Imeskanen ggten di Tmaziɣt, tikkwal ţbeddilen timeẓra. – Yes-sen i d-skanen medden kra, neɣ ţseddin anamek. – Ameskan iţaru i iman-is, maca tugeţ iţawi ajerriḍ.

Yezmer ad yili d ilelli, ulac yid-s ajerriḍ : 1 _ ma yeqqen ɣer wawal s ujerriḍ, d awṣil-is 2 _ ma d ilelli, d amqim 1 _ AMESKAN AWṢIL :

D win yeqqnen ɣer wawal nniḍen s ujerriḍ : a _ Ameskan n yisem :

– ma yeqqen ɣer yisem – d urmeskil

– ɣur-s 3 n talɣiwin :

_ talɣa 1ut, taɣawsa tuẓa-d : -a, -agi/-ayi

_ talɣa 2t, taɣawsa akk-in maca ɣef tiṭ : -inna, -ihin, -ihenna

_ talɣa 3t, taɣawsa agemmaḍ i tiṭ : nni

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Amedya :

tameṭtut-a argaz-a tiḥdayin-a imdanen-a taddart-inna asif-inna tizemrin-inna idurar-inna taluft nni izmawen nni

Tamawt : 1 _ Ma yeqqen ɣer yisem iseggran tiɣri yeččuren, ameskan

iţawi y, d tanẓa :

talaba-ya isni-ya tala-ya tasga-yinna talafsa-yinna ibki-yinna ajgu-yinna asefru-ya

Maca, ma ulac tanẓa :

taffa nni ulli nni atemmu nni asefru nni

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2 _ Deg talɣa 1ut (-a, -agi/-ayi), tira tawezzlant tif taɣezzfant, deg tira :

tameṭtut-a > tameṭtut-agi/-ayi abrid-a > abrid-agi/-ayi

b _ Ameskan n umernu :

– Tikkwal ameskan irennu ɣef umernu, i tseddi-ines. da akk-a (akka) d-inna (dinna) s-yinna (syinna) azekka nni imir nni annect-n akk-n (akken)

– Llan yewṣilen umeskan d igaluzen di kra n wawalen :

gemmaḍ-in gemmaḍ-a akk-in wakka-d

c – Ameskan n wudem (udmawan) : – Yeskan amdan (neɣ taɣawsa), anida yella, neɣ anida

iteddu. – Ameskan-a, ɣur-s 4 talɣiwin, akken yella, neɣ anida

iteddu wudem.

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– talɣa 1ut, ɣef tiṭ, ulac ambiwel : asuf

1 aql-i

2 aql-ak aql-akem

3 ata / ata-n aţa / aţa-n

asget

1 aql-aɣ

2 aql-aken aql-akent

3 mly aten-an / aten-ad

3 unti atent-an / atent-ad

– talɣa 2t, agemmaḍ :

hat-a hayt-it haţa hayţ-iţ hayt-iten hayt-itent

– talɣa3t, agemmaḍ, tikli ɣer win iţmeslayen :

ata-ya aţa-ya aten-aya atent-aya

– talɣa 4t, agemmaḍ, tikli ɣer iwumi ţmeslayen :

aqli-yin ata-yen aţa-yen

aqlaɣ-n aten-ayen atent-ayen

Deg tenfalyin-a tedda-d tzelɣa n tnila n

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Amedya :

at-a yusa-d yesli ata-ya yusa-d – anida llant tɣenǧawin ? – Atent-ad! hayt-iten deg wedrar aten-ayen ad nsen

Tamawt : – Tikkwal isem deg umur n wemqim :

ata-n webrid at-a usaru !

hayt-it wanida nteddu – Llant talɣiwin nniḍen am :

aten-ah, aten-ih, atent-ih, atent-id, hat-itent, atg.

2 _ AMESKAN ILELLI :

– Ameskan ilelli d win ur neqqin ara ɣer wawal nniḍen, iţusemma d amqim. – Yezmer ad yili d ameskil, iţbeddil udem s tewsit (unti /

amalay), neɣ s wemḍan (yiwen / nnig ) – Yezmer ad yili d urmeskil, ma yiwen wudem kan i

iţawi. a _ D ameskil : 3 talɣiwin – talɣa 1ut, taɣawsa tuza-d :

wa wagi / wayi ta tagi / tayi wi wigi / wiyi

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ti tigi / tiyi

– talɣa 2t, taɣawsa akk-in maca ɣef tiṭ : wahi wahinna tahi tahinna wihiden wahidak tihiden tihida

–talɣa 3t, taɣawsa agemmaḍ-in : win winna tin tinna wid widen widak tid tiden tidak

Tamawt : – wigad, iggad ɣas d ilelliyen yezga yedda yid-sen wawal

nniḍen, ama d ameskan wis-2, neɣ d imsenned-umeskan, neɣ d amyag : am-wigad iţrun wigad nni nessen wigad yemmuten

– Amqim ameskan ameskil iteddu yid-s umatar n wayla, d

awṣil-is : widak-iw tid-is win-nwen tid-nsent

b – D urmeskil : Iţawi kan yiwen wudem – win : – Tugeţ, d isem di twinest, amyag-is d amaɣun :

win izemren yawi-ţ win yebɣan yaɣ -iţ win yessnen kra yelha

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win tufiḍ awi-t-id

– Tikkwal, iɣelli-yas i sdat tzelɣa n tibawt (ara, ur, maca

aɣelluy-a fiḥel ma yedda-d di tira : win > w ulac win ur necfi > ulac w'ur necfi

– i : – i neţa d ay yiwen wazal

d ayen yelhan i ssarameɣ i tecbeḥ teqcict-a

– sdat y neɣ i, ameskan i iţuɣal i-g, maca fiḥel ma ikad-d di tira :

d ayen yelhan i yessaram > d ayen yelhan i-gessaram acu (i ) yenna ! > acu i-genna !

– ayen :

d ayen n diri ayen yezwaren awi-d ayen i k-yehwan cfu i wayen i d-tenniḍ dayen ifuḥ !

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– aya :

d aya i m-nniɣ yenna aya yerna aya aṭas-aya ur d-yuɣal aseggas-aya seg wasmi yemmut yella waya yella waya!

– acu : mliɣ-as akk acu ssneɣ yemla-yi acu i s-iruḥen

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3 – AMESKAN IMSENNED : – d azrar n wawalen, (2 neɣ ugar isennden ɣer umeskan – iţili d amqim neɣ d isem – anamek d urbadu – winnat <---- win n-at tinnat <---- tin n-at GM : ameskan-a ur iţawi ara asget : d war-asget – ayennat <-----ay n-at GM : ameskan-a iţawi asget : iyennaten tayennaţ tiyennatin – wayeḍ / wiyaḍ/wiyiḍ <----- wa nniḍen tayeḍ tiyaḍ/tiyiḍ – nniḍen / iḍen : GM : – d urmeskil, yiwet n talɣa kan (ulac unti, ulac asget) – irennu ɣef yisem, ɣef wemqim, neɣ ɣef umernu :

argaz nniḍen tisednan nniḍen anwa nniḍen winna nniḍen ansi nniḍen kra nniḍen yal nniḍen tal nniḍen, atg..

– yal :

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– d ameskil s tewsit, ɣur-s unti : tal – iţsennid ɣer yisem neɣ ɣer wemḍan yiwen yal argaz tal tameṭtut yal yiwen

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AḌRIS :

IYENNATEN Aql-aɣ deg yir taswiɛt, yerna ulac win iwumi ara nru :

imdanen-a i ɣ-d-yezzin mačči am widak n zik nni. Aţa-n tekker gar-asen, a win izemren yawi-ţ, mačči s wawal i ţ-ferrun, s udebbuz ! Yak yes-s kan i ţmeslayen. Limer yella kra meqqren meqqar yecbeḥ, ayen ɣef ideg ţnaɣen yergazen. Iyennaten-a, nniɣ-ak mačči d imdanen akked ara tedduḍ amecwar.

Twalaḍ azegza-yinna ? Nek ad t-zegreɣ, Ata-n webrid ara awiɣ. Ulac wayeḍ ! I yi-iɣaḍen msakit, d wigad iruḥen am temẓin nni yečča weɣyul.

Ɛ.M. Tullizin

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AMAŢAR

Amata :

– Yes-s i teţren medden taɣawsa. Tezga yid-s tneqqiṭ n tuţra : ?

– Yezmer ad yili d ilelli, yezmer ad yeqqen ɣer wemyag, neɣ ɣer tenzeɣt, ɣer wemqim. Iţili-yasen d arbib.

1 _ ANWA : D ameskil, iţbeddil s tewsit, d wemḍan :

anwa, anta, anwi, anti anwa i yudren ? anta ur nečči ? iḍelli i d-tewweḍ.– Anta ? anwa-wi d-yusan ? anwi-ten yergazen-inna ? anti-tent tzeɣwa-yinna ?

2 _ WI : _ D urmeskil _ Tugeţ d awzil n anwa, iţas-as-d d agdisem a _ D ilelli :

Wi i t-yerẓan ? b _ D uqqin ɣer wemyag :

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wi iwalan ? wi ara yeddun ? wi d-tezriḍ ? wi yennan ?

c _ D uqqin ɣer tenzeɣt : wi-ɣef, wi-yes, wi-deg, wi d

wi-ɣef tgemmneḍ ? wi d keč teddiḍ ?

Tamawt :

_ wi ma yedda d tenzeɣt, tezmer ad tnetteḍ ɣur-s : wiɣef wiyes wideg

_ sdat tiɣri u, iɣelli-yas i :

wi-ukud ⇒ wukud (akked) wi-uɣur ⇒ wuɣur

_ Tikkwal iţili gar snat n tinzaɣ, wi iţuɣal d way : deg-wi-deg ⇒ deg-way-deg ɣef- wi-deg ⇒ ɣef-way-deg s-wi-yes --> s-way-s

_ w ɣur-s asemmad ursrid : iwumi i-wimi

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3 _ AC : _ D urmeskil _ D ilelli neɣ d uqqin a _ D ilelli : acu ?

acu tenniḍ ? acu i d-yewwi ? acu n webrid ara nawi ?

b _ D uqqin ɣer tenzeɣt : – Ma tezwar-it tenzeɣt, acu iţawi w n umaruz : acu ⇒ wacu

s-wacu ? ɣef-wacu ? deg-wacu ?

– Ma yezwar tanzeɣt, ţakken-d amernu : acu + ɣef-⇒ acu-ɣef ? acu + ɣer-⇒ acu-ɣer ?

4 _ AMEK : _ D urmeskil – D ilelli neɣ d uqqin – Azal-is d amernu n tɣara

amek tellam ? amek tella temɣart ? yella wamek ?

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5 – MELMI : _ D urmeskil _ D ilelli – azal-is d win n wakud

melmi i wen-d-yugem ? ar melmi ara d-tuɣaleḍ ? si melmi ur d-yuɣal ?

6 _ MA : – D ilelli – azal-is d win n wewtil

ma yedder neɣ yemmut ? wiss ma ad d-yuɣal ?

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AḌRIS :

YENFA IMAN-IS Wiss meqqar ma yella wi t-yeẓran agemmaḍ-in ? Neɣ ahat

seg wid tessegḍi tatut ? Ma yedder neɣ yemmut ? S wacu ara d-tendef tasa-s akken ad aɣ-d-yemmekti ? Amek armi yenfa iman-is s ufus-is, ur d-tkad temda i t-yeččan ? iwumi tudert am ta, i-mi aql-aɣ nezga fell-as d anadi ? Melmi ara d-ters fell-as talwit, tasa aţa-n d taderwict ?

Ɛ.M. Tullizin

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TIZELƔA Amata : _Tizelɣa tijegda, d ti :

_ tazelɣa n tilawt _ tazeɣla n yimir _ tizelɣa n tnila _ tizelɣa n teɣri (alaɣi)

_ D–tiwezzlanin deg tira (asekkil 1 ar 2) _ Zgant d tilelliyin, neɣ ţawint ajerriḍ _ Ɣas tikkwal yiwet n tira, anamek yemgarrad _ D turmeskilin 1 – TAZELƔA N TILAWT : – Yes-s i teţili tɣawsa – D tazenzaɣt – Ɣur-s snat n talɣiwin :

d ilelli d n tɣara

_ Awal yeddan yid-s ama d isem neɣ d amqim neɣ d arbib yezga d ilelli (ulac yid-s amaruz )

a – d ilelli :

d asemmiḍ d aḍu d ilem d neţat

b – d n tɣara : argaz-a d tiɣmert aqcic nni d izem

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ziɣ d argaz ! ata-n d ulac

Tamawt : – d n tilawt d tzelɣiwin nniḍen d mgarraden :

– tanzeɣt d teţawi yid-s amaruz : axxam d atemmu # axxam d utemmu argaz d izem # argaz d yizem

– d n tnila yezga d aggaɣ, iţawi ajerriḍ : yusa-d yeffi-d

2 _ TAZELƔA N YIMIR : _ Tazelɣa n yimir la tzeggir i wurmir yessden, teţarra tigawt

imir-a : la yeggan la tesddewnin la icerrew la tselleɣ

_ Teţawi tizelɣa nniḍen d yemqimen sdat wemyag :

la d-iţawi la n-iteddu la m-yeqqar la t-ikerrez la ţ-tcerrew la s-tessawal

Tamawt : _ la n yimir yezmer ad yawi ajerriḍ

_ tikkwal tezmer ad tennufek d ra

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3 _ TAZELƔA N TNILA : _ Llant snat :

d / id n / in

_ Ţakent tanila n tigawt _ Ţawint ajerriḍ

a – Tazelɣa d / id : _ Tigawt ɣer win iţmeslayen (neɣ win i-ɣef neţmeslay ma

nuɣ amḍiq-is) _ d n tnila yezga d aggaɣ _ Izeggir neɣ yeṭtafar amyag

yenfa-d si taddart isuli-d aserwet awi-d aɣrum awi-t-id mi d-yusa ur d-yuɣal

Tamawt : _ Ɣef usemmad usrid, d n tnila iţuɣal d id :

yewwi-ten-id _ Ma amyag ifukk s tergelt, d yezmer ad yawi e, ad

yuɣal d ed : ifukk-d ⇒ ifukk-ed yewweḍ-d ⇒ yewweḍ-ed turew-d ⇒ turew-ed

_ Tazelɣa n tnila d temgarrad d d n tilawt d tenzeɣt d :

Teţeffi-d aman seg wanu d isemmaḍen.

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Neţat d wemɣar-is i ten-id salayen.

_ Yella wanida tazelɣa d teţbeddil anamek, neɣ teţseddi-t :

arew arew-d eǧǧ eǧǧ-d sis sis-d kkes kkes-d

b _ Tazelɣa n / in : – Tigawt ɣer win iwumi ţmeslayen

– n n tnila izeggir i wemyag neɣ yeṭtafar-it : yewwi-n yid-s aydi tura keč awaeḍ-n awi-yi-t-in ali-n ɣer wexxam ur n-yuɣ kra ur awen in-yeɣra

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Tamawt : _ Mi ara yernu ɣef usemmad (usrid, neɣ urasrid), n n tnila

iţuɣal d in : awi-tent-in yeqqar-ak-in

– Tazelɣa n tnila n temgarrad d tenzeɣt n : Yusa-n si tmurt-nneɣ, taylewt n tazart ɣef tuyat-is. Yewwi-n yid-s taɛekkazt n tasaft, tayuga n warkasen

– Tazelɣa n tnila n temgarrad d n umaɣun : n umaɣun yenteḍ ɣer wemyag

yewweḍ-n # yewwḍen yečča-n # yeččan

– Llan iferdisen nniḍen i d-iţaken tanila : s, ɣer/ɣur, seg/si. Tazrawt-nsent deg tinzaɣ 4 _ TIZELƔA N TEƔRI : – Yes-sent i ggaren medden tiɣri i wiyiḍ, ɣɣaren. – Zgan yid-sent ujerriḍ-usemlili d tneqqiṭ n ubati : ! _ a / ay (sdat tiɣri) :

a tameṭtut ! ay argaz ! ay ul ! a tawaɣit !

_ wa : (tazelɣa-ya, tugeţ, d irgazen i ţ-yessawalen) : wa Sli ! wa Faṭi !

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AḌRIS:

ATEMMU Axxam nni d atemmu, ad as-tiniḍ imir kan ad d-yerruri. D

snat n tjegda i t-yeṭtfen, wamma yeɣli-d dayenni. Yuɣ tiɣmert agemmaḍ-in i taddart, metwal tiẓgi : d tillas kan i yedduri.

Tamɣart d takemmict maḍi, agens-is tezga d asddewnen : d anebdu neɣ d tagrest, d azal neɣ d tillas, la d-teţawi ɣef lexwan widak iruḥen. D acirrew i la yeţcirriw wemsebrid i d-yekkan syin.

Tamɣart d wemɣar-is si taddart i ten-id-nfan, wicfan-aya. Wissen ma d abrid i gǧan neɣ d ayen yuran !

Sin n iberdan deg wass, tamɣart nni tazeqqurt teţeffi-d aman seg wanu, d isemmaḍen. Neţat d wemɣar-is i ten-id-ssalayen. Ahat ad tfakk deɛwessu yuɣen. Widak yedɛan ad ţun, ma d wi ad n-uɣalen gar-awen.

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TINZAƔ

Amata : _ D aferdis urmeskil _ Iţili gar sin n wawalen iţarra assaɣ gar-asen _ Llant tenzaɣ iţawin amaruz, llant tid iţawin ilelli _ Tugeţ d amaruz i ţawint _ Llant tenzaɣ ţawint talɣa n yisem, d ameggay neɣ d asemmad

di twinest _ Llant tid iţawin amqim udmawan. _ Deg tira, fiḥel amserti : tinzaɣ ad d-ifrirent 1 _ TINZAƔ N UMARUZ : Tikkwal, yelha-yasent ujerriḍ-usemlili

_ n : abrid n tmurt axxam n baba

_ s : tagella s nedder argaz s tella s yir awal i d-yessawel

_ ɣer / ɣur/ ar : ɣer wanida iteddu yekcem ɣer tkanna

_ ɣef : ɣef tegmert i d-yusa ɣef wudem-ik !

_ deg / di : aman deg wanu

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yenda di tfeqlujt

_ seg/ si : seg yilef i d-yuɣ aẓar yuɣal-d si teɣzut

_ ger = gar : gar yiccer d weksum gar wallen

_ am : zeddig am waman am uzal am yid

_ sdat (zdat), deffir, nnig, ddaw : sdat yimi deffir tzeqqa nnig wul ddaw tzemmurt

_ d : amɣar d yelli-s ttimest d waman

2 _ TINZAƔ N YILELLI : _ s :

yeɣli s asif yekcem s asqif

_ ar : eddu ar tiɣilt-inna qim ar azekka

_ send : send-iḍelli

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_ seld : seld-azekka

Tamawt : _ Llant tinzaɣ nniḍen selkament ilelli :

qell, xir, atg. 3 _ TINZAƔ TALƔA N YISEM : _ s-ufella :

s-ufella n wedrar s-ufella-ines

_ tama : tama n taddart

_ annect : tameṭtut-a annect ukufi

_ drus : drus n tamment

_ aṭas : aṭas n tikli

_ kra : kra n testan

4 _ TINZAƔ IŢAWIN AMQIM : _ d :

yedda yid-sen yečča d-id-i

_ fell : fell-i fell-ak

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yedda-ţ fell-asen

_ ɣer/ ɣur : yensa ɣer-neɣ ɣer-wen ara d-yeggri

_ gar : iffer gar-asen aql-aɣ gar-awen gar-as d bab-is gar-aneɣ kan !

_ yis : yefreḥ yes-wen yemger yes-s

Tamawt : _ Tanzeɣt ɣef teţawi amqim udmawan di tmeslayt n zik, maca d

agaluz : ɣef-k

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AḌRIS :

TISLIT D YESLI Deffir tzeqqa, ddaw tzemmurt uɣur tsenned, i qqimen teslit

d yesli. La ţnaɣen. Neţa ata-n ansi i k-yehwa ad as-d-tesleḍ, neţat tebra i wallen ɣer wakal, amzun teggugem yennejla seg-s umeslay.

Winna la Iţuɣu, d tideţ yerfa. Gar-i d bab-iw, ad as-tiniḍ seg yilef i d-yuɣ aẓar : yekcem s asqif yuɣal-d, iţawi iţarra aɛni d iɣirdem i t-yeqqsen. Neţat tesusem ikad weɣbel di twenza-s. Imeslayen i s-d-yeqqar keččmen-as gar yiɣes d tasa akken tkeččem tenẓeţ gar yiccer d weksum, tesna-t akk aglim iɣes.

Ziɣ d ameslub-a i d argaz s-s ara tili. Ɣef wemdan am wa i teṣber aṭas aya. Neţa yeqqar-as kan : – Axxam n baba-m, axxam n baba-m !

Ilaq sya d asawen tasa ad tirid ; ad kksen wurfan asmi ara tfakk deɛwessu, imir teḥnen ad d-temmir am wenzar ɣef tnezruft ur ţ-nessin, ad yergagi yifer winna ur nessin azwu n tudert.

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TASƔUNT Amata : _ D aferdis awezzlan _ D tilellit deg tira _ Teţeqqen awal ɣer wayeḍ, neɣ asumer ɣer wayeḍ _ Llant snat n talɣiwin : 1 _ talɣa n tuqqna 2 _ talɣa n usentel 1 _ TASƔUNT N TUQQNA : Tasɣunt teţeqqen awal ɣer wayeḍ, neɣ asumer ɣer wayeḍ : _ neɣ :

eddu neɣ qim _ akked / akk d :

yeffeɣ akked dadda-s _ ma-ulac :

awi-t ma-ulac ad ifakk _ maca/acu/maɛna, lakin :

ad yeddu maca ɣef uḍar _ wanag/wammag, wamma :

wanag d neţa i ţ-id-yufan _ ziɣ / ziɣenni, ziɣemma :

ɣileɣ d izem ziɣ d izimer _ daɣ-neţa :

ayen i yi-d-tenniḍ yelha, daɣ-neţa ferḥeɣ

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2 _ TASƔUNT N USENTEL : _ Tasɣunt n usentel teţeqqen asumer ɣer wayeḍ, ţuɣalen d

tayuga sdukklen anamek, wis-sin d war-anamek ma ulac amezwaru. _ Tikkwal tzeggir di twinest _ Tasɣunt n usentel tezmer ad tili d tin n :

a _ wakud, b _ umentil c _ yeswi d _ userwes e _ wewtil f _ usiḍen (weqbal

a _ AKUD :

_ mi / asmi, melmi, degmi, segmi : mi ifukk aserwet, yečča imensi melmi d-yusa yaf-iyi-d degmi d-yewweḍ

_ ticki : ticki t-teẓram inet-as ticki ara yekker

_ akken : akken kan yebda tikli akken ifukk imensi, yeẓzel

_ dɣa : isuɣ isuɣ dɣa yeggugem !

_ skud / meskud : skud yetnunnut qednennuḥ, yiwen ur iruḥ ! skud ara yili din ur n-kcimeɣ

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_sya, ar d- : sya ar d-yaweḍ nek cabeɣ

_ armi / allarmi : ččan armi rwan urǧiɣ allarmi ččan swan

_ ar-d / alamma : ar-d ilin waman ad nessew ad t-rǧuɣ da alamma yusa-d

b _ AMENTIL (i-lmend) :

_ i-mi : i-mi k-yehwa akka i-mi ad tebruḍ, d lawan

_ acku / cek, axater, yak :

ur gganeɣ ara acku tameddit-a swiɣ lqawha iruḥ ad isewweq, yak azekka d laɛwacer

GM : acku, yak mačči d imezga, zemren ad kksen : ur gganeɣ ara tameddit-a, [.......]swiɣ lqahwa

c _ ISWI : _ akken :

efk-asen ad ččen akken ad nnernin _ ammar :

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susmet ammar wi ɣ-d-isellen uggadeɣ ammar ad d-yuɣal

d _ ASERWES : _ akken :

am wakken i m-nniɣ nedda akken nufa mačči akken nebɣa !

_ amzun / zun : cfiɣ amzun d iḍelli

_ qel / aqell : tamurt-a azal-is qel n tayeḍ taddart-a d aqell

_ kter : yeṣber kter-is

_ ɛad / ugar : yiwet tecbeḥ, ugar tayeḍ !

_ yif / tif :

yir jjwaǧ yif-it berru ! tif taɣawsa azal-is !

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e _ AWTIL : (tafada)

_ ma : ma yehwa-yak ad truḍ, ru ma ad teqqimeḍ nek ruḥeɣ

_ limer / lemmer, mer : limer i d-yemmekti yemma-s mer ad d-ternuḍ awal

_ wufan / lukan : wufan yerna tasusmi wufan ad neqqim akk-ass

_ ama....ama : ama teččiḍ ama ur teččiḍ ama yedda ama ur yedda

_ fiḥel ma : fiḥel ma tegreḍ-d iman-ik fiḥel meqqar ma nenna-d

f _ ASIḌEN (aqbal) :

_ ulamma : ulamma yemmut, yeǧǧa-d ulamma awal-ik aɛziz...

_ ɣas : ɣas iwala, yerra iman-is yedderɣel

Tamawt : _ Tasɣunt n usemmad aḥerfi belli d tin ur nezgi, fiḥel ma tkad-

d di tira : nnan ad d-yuɣal > nnan [belli] ad d-yuɣal sliɣ ad d-yas > sliɣ [belli] ad d-yas

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AḌRIS :

ḤANUN ZANUN NNIG AKANUN Akken yebda tikli, d tirwas kan i d-iţarew. Neţa d dadda-s,

seg wasmi i d-kkren, yezga umennuɣ gar-asen. Mgarraden aṭas, amzun mačči yiwet n tɛebbuṭ i ten-yurwen.

Tura mi meqqerit, yiwen zik-zik i iţenkar, d abrid ɣer tferka : di tegrest d tayerza, deg unebdu d aserwet. Ata-n yečča taksumt-is. Wayeḍ yezga deg wexxam yerba ifassen-is ; akken i s-yeqqar baba-s asmi yella ɣef ddunit : – ḥanun zanun nnig akanun !

Wufan meqqar iţaṭtaf iles-is. Aha', neţa, ayen i s-yerẓen deg yiɣallen, yerna-t i yiles : tafellaḥt-is d ameslay.

Tal tameddit, mi d-yekcem dadda-s, ad t-id-yaf yeṭtef tasga-s, iţel deg wecluḥ-is. Mi t-iluɣa ad as-yini : "– Kker ad nezzu !"

Winna ad as-d-yerr : "– Sya ar d-yaweḍ, nek cabeɣ !" neɣ : – I-ixeddmen d ilfan neɣ d wid iwumi kfan ! neɣ : – Ayen teẓziḍ yelha, daɣ-neţa ferḥeɣ ! Lḥaṣun ameslay ur iţnusu ara deg-s, ma ulac ur yeggan ara. Yemma-s seg wasmi meẓziyit, ɣur-s kan i tmal, s tiṭ-is i

teţwali, s yiles-is i tessawal. Armi d iseggasen-a ineggura i s-teqqar cwiṭ n tquranin :

– A mmi, tura meqqreḍ, ilaq-ak ad tesfezwiḍ ɣef yiman-ik, dadda-k yiwen wass ad yaɛyu deg-k. Ddunit-a ulac win yeddan akken yebɣa !

Maca tin-as neɣ teqqim, neţa ur yerra ara aḍar. Asmi mazal amɣar, yeqqar-as : "– Efk-asen ad ččen akken ad nnernin !...Abrid-a i d-yewwi

ur i-yeččur tiṭ ! Amcum-a tif-it limer d tallest i d-turweḍ ! Neţat :

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– Ay a baba, ur yesɛi ara zzher maḍi, aql-ak terriḍ-t gar

wallen-ik. Asmi ara yimɣur ad yissin ! Neţa : – Asɣar ma yaɛwej dayen ! Dɣa, ad ggaleɣ ma uɣaleɣ ad

neṭqeɣ fell-as, i-mi akka i m-yehwa. Ziɣ am kem am neţa ! Ccwi kan yella dadda-s, wannag ad aɣ-ččen yeqjan !

Yiwen wass, tewweḍ-as tfidi s iɣes i dadda-s, tufa-t yemma-s di tferka mi ifukk aserwet, neţa iṭij d aquran yenna-d ma n-teṭtfeḍ ! Yebbaɛzaq ɣef yemma-s :

– D kem i s-igan akka, tura ma yehwa-yam ad truḍ, ru ! nek ur n-kcimeɣ axxam skud yeṭtef di tidak-is, ama ass-a, ama azekka ama wayeḍ ur uɣaleɣ ad n-kecmeɣ anida yella ! Ticki i t-teẓriḍ, in-as !

Yerna neţa awal amectuḥ yezga ɣur-s! Iḍ nni, turǧa armi yečča yeṛwa, neţa mačči inuda anida

yella dadda-s, temmeslay-it. Yesseggra-yas-d : " Ziɣ d izem, yerna nek ɣileɣ-t d awtul. Aha tura, i-mi akka i s-yehwa ad aɣ-yerr akk d ifellaḥen, azekka d nek ara yezwiren ɣer teɣzut !"

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AMERNU

Amata : – Amernu d urmeskil – Yezga d ilelli di twinest – Irennu ɣef wemyag, neɣ ɣef yisem, neɣ amernu nniḍen akken

ad iseddi anamek – Azal umernu yemgarrad, yella win n : 1 – wakud 2 – tesga 3 – tesmekta 4 – tɣara 1 – AMERNU N WAKUD : Yes-s i nẓerr melmi – tura :

tura kan ara tekkreḍ tura ad d-uɣaleɣ

– imir : ad d-tas akka imir-a in-as, imir ad iwali

– ar-deqqal : mi yeffeɣ ar-deqqal ad yekcem ihi, aţa-n ar-deqqal

– llin-a / seg-llinna :

seg-llinna i ţ-walaɣ – imir-a / imir-n :

iḍelli akka imir-a

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– zik :

zik i teţenkar a malah a zik nni !

– iḍelli, send-iḍelli : seg yiḍelli ur d-banen

– tikkwal (tikwal) : tikwal desseɣ tikwal ţruɣ

– assa, assen, yal-ass, akkass : akkass neţa d anadi yal-ass iţas-d

– azekka, seld-azekka : azekka d ayla-nneɣ

– ilindi, send-ilindi : ilindi teswa tmurt

– melmi / u-melmi : melmi i t-ẓriɣ !

– qabel, wabel : ar qabel ma nedder qabel wabel d irden

– akka-dani : akka-dani yekkat wegris

– werɛad / zeddiɣ : werɛad i d-yuki

– werǧin : werǧin texsi tmes gar-asen

2 – AMERNU N TESGA (amḍiq, tanyilt) : Yes-s i nẓerr anida.

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– da (d isuddimen-is :

da, dahin, din, dinna, ɣer-da, ɣer dahin ɣer-din

– sya (d isuddimen-is : sya, syahin, syen, syenna, atg.

– anida, anda, aniwer, sanida, sanda, atg. – ar-ani, ar-anida, aniɣer, atg. – ansi – akk-in (akkin), akkinna – akkad (akka-d) – deffir, sdeffir – zdat (sdat) – s-ufella, swadda – agens, sdaxel – nnig, sennig, ddaw, seddaw – i-ukessar, i-usawen – tama, d tama – agemmaḍ, gemmaḍ-a, gemmaḍ-in – saɣella 3 – AMERNU N TESMEKTA : (n wannect, n yezli) Yes-s i nẓerr annect – akk, akk-it – aṭas, buhan, ddeqs – cwiṭ, drus, abziz, acemma, azuḥ – annect – kan – maḍi – meqqar

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– ugar ! atg. 4 – AMERNU N TƔARA : Yes-s i nẓerr amek – nezzeh – s-yiɣil – amek – akka, akken – mezleg – qejmuri – gefgafi – hati atg. AḌRIS :

25 ISEGGASEN Iḍelli akka imir-a kan i d-ibedd ɣef wemnar, yenna-yas : –

Tura kan ad d-uɣaleɣ ! Ass nni akka am wass-a, asemmiḍ isenni, yekkat wegris la

s-d-itessu i wedfel. Tuzzel tefka-yas-d abalṭu yesbur-it, tuggad ad d-yebzeg ticki, mi ara d-yuɣal. Yefka-t wemnar akk-in.

25 iseggasen seg wasmi yeffeɣ ur d-iban, neţa yenfa, ma d neţat ma drus i tru. Tura ata sdat-s, aṭas aya deg i t-yenqar ccib, la yeţmeslay, maca am wakken ayen akk i d-yeqqar mačči d imeslayen : tessikkid-it kan werɛad i tumin !

25 iseggasen-a amzun uɣalen ddew useksut, ad asen-teg ur ten-teddir ara. Armi d ilindi i tesla d tideţ yedder, yemlal yid-s wayyaw-is agemmaḍ-in. Aṭas n tlufa i t-id-isusfen, udem-is ikad mačči anagar taḍsa kan akked yeddukul. Yeffeɣ d acawrar, yuɣal-d tizi n temɣer, ziɣ mazal ad mwalint wallen, ziɣ mazal tiṭ ad t-twali, tinna ur nedderɣel wannag tayeḍ wicfan-aya seg wasmi i ţ-teǧǧa tafat.

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Aseggas yezrin, ad as-tini ar qabel, mi d-yewweḍ qabel ad

as-tini ar wabel. Tsenni ussan neɣ d nutni i ţ-isennin ! Tasa teknef, aglim yezza, ma d asirem yezga deg-s la yeţnunnut, am tteẓrureq di tillas.

Asmi yefra ṭtrad, texsi tmes yuɣen, nniqal yewweḍ-d wawal yemmut. Tesens-d fell-as, tadderwict nni tenna-yas : – Win i m-yennan yemmut yeskaddeb, ata-n walaɣ-t ɣef idarren-is, la iteddu, ur t-yuɣ wara. Ɣas yemdel wallaɣ, temmunddel tmuɣli, agerbuz-is d tasaft ur nekni. Yiwen wass ad d-yemmekti !

Tesuffeɣ-as ikerri. Sya ɣer da teţuɣal ɣur-s. Abrid tenna-yas, ata-n walaɣ

yeqqen tahenddit, abrid tenna-yas ata-n walaɣ zzin-as iferruǧen, abrid tenna-yas yerbeḥ yufa-t, abrid ggten fell-as lerẓaq, taɛrurt telsa taɛebbuṭ teṛwa, udem yeḍsa, ur-ǧin yenḥaf.

Akk-n akken, armi d iseggasen-a ineggura truḥ dayen tuyes, acu kan ɣas tuyes, ɣas tengugi-yas nniyya, asensi tezga tesnusuy-d fell-as. Ilindi tenna-yas-d : – Send ad izemm useggas, mmi-m ad d-yuɣal !

Neţat tenna-yas : – Amin ! s ukellex, tannumi kra yallen tmezzi-t.

Tefka-yas lwaɛda i tdderwict, teffeɣ teqqar i tmeddukal-is : – Tikkwal qqareɣ-as wicfan-aya la tettahay fell-i, yerna nek aql-i zgiɣ deffir-s. D–tideţ-nnkent dɣa, yella win i d-yuɣalen 25 iseggasen zrin ?

Degmi qqaren : win yunagen ad icali, win iruǧan ad iwali. Ata-n tura sdat-s, annect n teslent, yeṭtef abalṭu mezleg ɣef tayeţ, ibedd-d ɣef wemnar, yuɣal-d ! Twala-t !

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TIRIRIN ABATI Amata : _ Awalen-a ţaran yes-sen medden awal, neɣ skanen-d abati, ma

baten. _ D iwezzlanen, tugeţ deg-sen ţawin tineqqiṭ n ubati : !

1 _ TIRIRIN : Tella tririn s tilawt, tella tin s tibawt a _ S tilawt :

ih ! yirbeḥ ! yewqem ! igerrez ! d tideţ ! nezzeh !

b _ S tibawt : ala ! xic ! nndeh ! axxi ! aha° !

c _ Tiririn nniḍen : _ amdan i wayeḍ :

ccah ! xas / ɣas ! wi-cqa ! ulac a ilif ! saḥḥit ! tanemmirt ! ahu !

_ i lmal :

i weqjun : rreẓ ! i taɣaṭ : rri ! kci ! i ikerri : ssek !

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i weɣyul : err ! i tyaziṭ : čiw-čiw !

i yetbir : bit ! bi t! serr !

2 _ ABATI : S wawalen n ubati i d-yeskan wemdan ma ibat. Tezga yid-sen

tneqqiṭ n ubati : ! _ aɣemlil neɣ tuggdi : annaɣ ! _ ṣsber : d aya, dayen _ amummi : ccafuɛa ! alaṭif ! _ lhejna : wah! awah! yah! _ aqraḥ : uyy! way! _ɛeyyu : uk uhuk! _ reffu : uuk! _ lferḥ : ccwi! ldendu-Llah! _ asmekti : iḥqa! ay-iḥqa! _ acukket : mmm! yyah! _ anebbeh : ɣur-k ɣur-m ! ɣur-wat! atg.

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AḌRIS :

SIN LA TMESLAYEN – Ihi, ayen akk i k-nniɣ yeffeɣ neɣ nndeh ? – D–tideţ ! kra din yeffeɣ, yerna keč nniqal seg wid ma

nnan-ak sired ɣas ames ! – Ulac aɣilif, ma yugar-ik yiles-ik ass-a, ayen i k-yehwan

init-id. Wi-cqa ! ahat ad yifsus cwiṭ wul-ik. Ɣur-k kan anida i s-teqqareḍ ferḥeɣ-ak !

– Igerrez ! A ur awḍen ! Ur swin ara azal n tefdent-ik wakraren-a akked neţili.

– D–tideţ ! yiwen wawal kan i ţaɣen : win i sen-yennan ssek ad ddun.

– Akken bɣun ilin d ayla-nneɣ. – Yyah ! aql-ak ula d keč anida teqqneḍ i tebriḍ. Nek s timmad-iw dayen ur yelli wacu i yi-cerken

yid-sen. – Anida i k-yehwa rwel-asen, nutni ur k-teţun ara. A ur d-

iger yiger-ik actal ma ulac ad t-tmegreḍ s ufus ! Ɛ.M.

Tullizin

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ILƔITEN DEG TIRA

Amata : _ Yes-sen iţaẓay unegzum n wawalen di twinest. _ Talɣa-nsen tugeţ d tawezzlant. 1 _ TIRA N I : ɣur-s snat n tmeẓra di twinest, ɣas tira yiwet :

_ timeẓri tuqqint _ timeẓri tilellit a _ Timeẓri tuqqint : i yeqqen ɣer ufeggag _ i n wudem wis-3 n umalay asuf :

ičča iswa ikka iţawi ikad igen iteddu

Deg tiddest-a, i d amqim n wudem wis-3 n umalay asuf. _ D ameskil s tewsit ( ɣur-s unti) d wesget _ Iţuɣal d ye sdat targalt yessden, neɣ snat n tergalin ma

mnennint : yečča yeswa yekka

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GM : Talɣa s ye > talɣa s i : yečča > ičča yečča > ičča yekka > ikka

_ i amaɣun : iččan iteţen iswan

Deg tiddest-a, i d urmeskil (ulac unti neɣ asget), yezmer daɣen ad yuɣal d ye :

izagren yeččan tistan yeswan b _ Timeẓri tilellit : _ i amassaɣ :

d axxam i nebna d tamda i t-yeččan

Tamawt : _ i amassaɣ iţaru daɣen ay :

i = ay _ i amassaɣ ur yezga ara deg umeslay, acu ilaq ad d-ikad

di tira : argaz i d-yusan > argaz d-yusan anida i yella > anida yella

_ i amassaɣ yezmer ad yili isenned ɣer tenzeɣt, neɣ d ilelli, iţawi ajerriḍ :

i-deg = ideg i-ɣef = iɣef i-ɣer = iɣer atg.

129

_ Tanzeɣt i : yenna-yas baba-s i mmi-s i keč meqqar ma tegneḍ

_ Amqim udmawan i : i d awzil n yi

gar-i d bab-iw cqan-i medden ma nnan sdat-i deffir-i d neţa i i-yeččan

2 _ AJERRIḌ N BEṬTU : Iţili gar aferdis d wayeḍ, yessemlalay-iten. Deg tira, ur d

imezgi : yif-it ma ur yeggit ara. a _ Gar amyag d uferdis nniḍen :

iţawi-t yenna-yas yefka-yas-t yewwi-yas-t-id yusa-d ad d-yas ad t-in-yawi yid-s

b _ Gar amaɣun d tzelɣa : ayen i d-yeqqimen winna ara n-yasen ɣur-k

c _ Gar tazelɣa d wewṣil-is : ɣur-s ɣur-wen sdat-i deffir-sen

d _ Gar isem d wewṣil-is :

130

taddart-is baba-s idammen-ines iles-nneɣ

e _ Gar isem d umeskan : yezmer ad yili, acu ur d imezgi

ass nni axxam-a Tamawt :

_ Ajerriḍ iţak-d amgirred gar tzelɣa n tnila -d, -n d tenzaɣ n, d.

Amedya : yusa-d neţa d xali-s, yewwi-d yid-s aman n wedrar. Azekka, ad n-awḍen ɣur-wen.

Ihi : _ tinzaɣ n, d, ur ţawint ara ajerriḍ !

_ tizelɣa n tnila -d, -n zgant ţawint ajerriḍ !

3 _ IMAL D IMEDDUKAL-IS : _ Aktay : Imal ibeddu s ad (neɣ azegzal-is a), s ara (neɣ ara) _ Imal, ma ddan yid-s kra n yiferdisen iţak-d alɣit deg tira. _ Yal aferdis ad yaru i yiman-is, ad yawi ajerriḍ) (–). a _ Imal + amqim usrid : Amedya : amyag awi ad k-awiɣ (a-k-awiɣ) : di twinest-a, llan 3 n iferdisen ad : tazelɣa n yimal -k : amqim usrid -awiɣ : amyag yeftin daɣen : ad kem-awiɣ (a-kem-awiɣ) ad t-awiɣ

131

ad ţ-awiɣ ad ken-awiɣ ad kent-awiɣ ad ten-awiɣ ad tent-awiɣ Tamawt : _ Tira s tzelɣa ad tif tin s uzegzal-is : ad > a- ad aɣ-yawi > a-ɣ-yawi ad ten-nawi > a-tent-nawi b _ Imal + amqim urusrid : Amedya : Amyag ini Ad ak-iniɣ (a-k-iniɣ) : di twinest-a, llan 3 n iferdisen ad : tazelɣa n yimal -ak : amqim urusrid -iniɣ : amyag yeftin daɣen : ad am-iniɣ (a-m-iniɣ) ad as-iniɣ ad awen-iniɣ ad akent-iniɣ ad asen-iniɣ ad asent-iniɣ Tamawt : _ Daɣen : ad > a-

ad as-iniɣ > a-s-iniɣ ad asen-iniɣ > a-sen-iniɣ

c _ imal + tazelɣa n tnila :

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Amedya : Imyagen aweḍ, as : ad d-awḍeɣ > a-d-awḍeɣ ad n-aseɣ > a-n-aseɣ ad t-in-isiweḍ > a-t-in-isiweḍ d _ Imedyaten nniḍen : Amedya : Amyag efk _ s 4 iferdisen : ad ak-t-fkeɣ > a-k-t-fkeɣ

ad/a- : tazelɣa n yimal ak- : amqim urusrid t : amqim usrid -fkeɣ : amyag yeftin

_ s 5 iferdisen : ad ak-t-id-fkeɣ > a-k-t-id-fkeɣ

ad/a- : tazelɣa n yimal ak- : amqim urusrid t : amqim usrid -id : tazelɣa n tnila -fkeɣ : amyag yeftin

4 _ TAƔERT S G : Deg umeslay, i ma yemlal y, y nni iţuɣal d g yeddan deg

ufeggag :

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i + y ⇒ g d keč i yezran > d keč i-gezran wi yeddan > wi -geddan mi yekka > mi-gekka Tamawt : _ Taɣert s g fiḥel ma tkad-d deg tira.

5 _ AƔELLUY N TIƔRA : _ Tiɣri ma temlal d tayeḍ, tɣelli deg wemsisli. _ Ulac aɣelluy-is deg tira : mi ara d-yuɣal > m'ara d-yuɣal acu akk-a > ac'akk-a ur yufi ara > ur yuf'ara atg.

134

AḌRIS:

D TAGERFA I Ɣ-Ţ-IGAN – Ihi, cukteɣ ur teẓriḍ ara ɣef wacu, seg wasmi tebda

ddunit Nutni zwaren-aɣ ɣer tmussni ? Nutni asurif ɣer sdat, nekni asurif ɣer deffir.

Nek nniɣ-as : – Ur ak-ţzuxxuɣ ara, a Dda-Muḥ, wissen ahat tella ssebba, ma d

nek ur ţ-ssineɣ ara. – Ihi, ur teẓriḍ ara daɣen acimi berriket tgerfa ? Dɣa yebda la yi-d-yesseftuy amek i ɣ-zwaren Irumyen ɣer

tmussni. Mi ara yeɣli deg wawal, ulac win ara t-id iqarɛen. Yebda iţawi-d taqsiṭ n tgerfa, akked LeQbayel d Irumyen.

Tamacahuţ-a ahat nnig 100 n iberdan i yas-sliɣ. Neţa iţmeslay nek smuzgguteɣ. Tal tikkelt d acu i s-irennu, neɣ itekkes deg-s cwiṭ. Mačči akken i ţ-id-yewwi ass-a ara ţ-id-yawi ass nniḍen.

Abrid-a tilkin i d-tezraɛ fell-aɣ tgerfa, tiqejjirin-nsent ţarwent-d llazuq. Am wakken aglim nnulent d ayen ur as-ṭtixirent. Yerna llazuq-a i d-ţarwent mačči d win n menwala, inetteḍ ɣas inuda wemdan ad t-iwali ur iţaf ara amek, i-mi deg tiɣmi amzun d aman, yerna wa iţaǧǧa-t-id i wa, yeṭtafar aẓar idammen, ţafen-t-id dderya.

Aqcic ara d-ilalen iţawi-t-id yid-s akken i d-iţawi tiɣmi n wallen neɣ teɣzi n wanzaren. D ayen ur ntekkes, ad iɣellel akken ara tɣellel tudert, tasuta yezrin tayeḍ ad t-id-taf.

Ɛ.M. Tullizin

135

IḌRISEN I TƔURI

136

IḌRISEN S TEQBAYLIT : BU ICUBAƔ

Argaz nni i n-yewwḍen ɣur-wen, si taddart-nneɣ i n-yeffeɣ. Taɣawsa nni yeffren ddaw ubarnus-is, d taẓemmart. Qqaren yes-s yenfa ilfan si teẓgi, ur yeǧǧa yiwen. Ma d tideţ wicfan-aya seg wasmi i ţ-iţawi deg ubaggus-is.

Asmi i d-yusa ɣur-neɣ, cfiɣ am wass-a. Yewwi-d yid-s aṭarus, yezwar-it-id sdat-s. Icubaɣ ččan udem-is, tastawt yelsa tecfa i lebḥer asmi yerɣƐ.Ma seg wammas d asawen ḥezluti, asemmiḍ ɣas yella mačči d win igezzmen. Afus-is yurez abudid n tzemmurt deg umur n uɛekkaz. Acu-t wemdan-a ! Awal yemmeɣ axxam axxam, ffɣen-d medden ad t-walin. Nniqal d asmiccew kan i ten-id-isuffɣen, bɣan ad ḍsen cwiṭ.

Tura taḍsa ziɣ ulac, lhejna ţwalin tuɣal-asen d tuggdi. Yerna ur yennul yiwen, d tissas kan i yeggten fell-as.

Aɣemlil yurew-d tuffɣa n leɛqel. Ɣran-as-d i Ccix, neţa ad t-yarez s wawal, wamma mmi-s n tmeṭtut n menwala ur as-izemmer arƐ.Mi t-iwala Ccix, azgen yeɣli di ţbut-is. S wawal amectuḥ i t-yemmeslay.

Yenna-yas : "– Acu i k-id-yewwin ɣer da, a mmi ? Winna : "– Nek, agemmaḍ nnulent wallen ad yeddu fell-as

uḍar. Ccix : "– D amsebrid neɣ d inebgi ? Winna :"– Ur lliɣ d amsebrid, ur lliɣ d inebgi ! Ccix :"– Ihi, wet ɛeddi ! Winna :"– Anda ara nɛeddi, i-mi d imezgi ! Bu icubaɣ-a, ziɣ yuɣ Taqbaylit. Ata-n la yeţgerriz innan ! Tuggdi tebda teţifrir, ldin medden

tameẓzuɣt.

Ɛ.M. Tullizin

137

ASEFRU N TALUFT

Yusa-d ɣur-neɣ yewwi-d yid-s tikkerkas udem-is d awraɣ d tideţ yekka-d si tillas Yurew-d sin n wawalen yefka-yaɣ-ten-id d tarzeft d uqbiren d irẓaganen ma ad ak-d-yefk warẓez tamment Tura cwiṭ akka ad n-yezger ɣur-wen akken ad teẓrem d acu-t azaglu-ines d idmimen iẓri-nwen ad t–tezdeɣ taluft D neţa iwumi qqaren azrem bu 7 tsuqqas igen deg wegbrid yedhen agemmaḍ-in d ameqyas Ma d imeṭtawen yeḥman anida llan ad awen-ten-in-yawi tilawin akk d imawlan ad ddarin tiziri

Ɛ.M. Isefra n tatut

138

AMƔAR AḤULI

Ruḥ a ulid-i ur fell-i senduy aman keč meqqreḍ nek werɛad bdiɣ remḍan ixef-ik icab iḍarren ɣef teddiḍ ulwan leɛqel yeffeɣ-ik ur tenniḍ deg wayen yelhan I yak-d-yeggran d aẓekka nek ad aɣeɣ win i i-yehwan. Sigg a ulid-i abrid-inek d asawen terriḍ-ţ i nnhati d aḥuli yesmermuɣen ɣur-k ad tɣileḍ iɣaḍ-i yimi-k i d-iţarwen aldayen lalla-k tugar taninna Yes-s i ţgallan yelmeẓyen ma ddiɣ yid-k ad d-iwet wedfel di ṣsmayem.

Taseddart 1ut seg HANOTEAU Essai de Grammaire Kabyle

Livre V 1858

139

ǦEḤḤA TAMETTUT-IS D WEMCIC

Yiwen wass isewweq Ǧeḥḥa. Yaɣ-d cedda n weksum annect-ilaţ : deg-s kilu d werḍel.

Yewwi-yas-ţ-id i tmeṭtut-is, yini-yas : – Axx, seww-aɣ-d imensi !

Aksum iţewwa, iraggen ččuren axxam. Mi twet ad terwi aseqqi, ad tger cwiṭ ɣer yimi-s ma ur merreɣ ara...

Akken akken, armi ifukk weksum amcum ! Teqqim teţxemmim amek ara s-tini i wergaz-is. Tufa-ţ-id : – Ihi ẓriɣ, d ayen isehlen, ad as-iniɣ d amcic i t-yeččan ! Mi d-yewweḍ ßeḥḥa, twet-it-d rriḥa d taẓidant, [ yebda

yessemsad icenfiren-is, imi-s yurew-d aman. ] Yenna-yas i tmeṭtut-is : – [ Ekker efk-aneɣ-d imensi ]! Anida akka yella weksum nni?

Tenna-yas : – [ Fiḥel meqqar ma tɣawleḍ-d, ] aksum yečča-t wemcic ! [ Yenna-yas : – Amek akka i t-yečča wemcic ? Neţat : – Yeddem-it gar ifassen-iw yerwel yes-s ! ] Ǧeḥḥa dɣa isusem... Yekker yeddem-d lmizan, yeṭtef-d amcic

nni iwzen-it. Yaf-it yewzen kilu d werḍel swa-swa. Yenna-yas : – Ma d wa i d amcic, efk-iyi-d aksum, ma d wa i d aksum, efk-

iyi-d amcic ! TIZI n WUCCEN

Edisud 1987 [ayen yellan gar ikacbaren, s tira titalikt, d timerna]

140

TAFTILT TEXSI

Mlalen-d kra n yergazen n tmurt-nneɣ di qraḍ yid-sen : yiwen d

Agawaw, yiwen d Aɛidel, wayeḍ d Amlikec. Gan amecqerri ɣef teftilt anwa ara ţ-isensen. Weqmen-ţ ɣef yiwen wawal kan ara d-inin. Yezwar Wemlikec, yenna : – Ma yegga imensi ? Taftilt ur texsi ara. Yuɣal Uɛidel yenna : – Ma yewwa imensi ? Taftilt ur tengugi ara. Akken i d-yenṭeq Ugawaw, yenna : – Ma yebba imensi ? taftilt texsi. Qqaren seg wass nni, d tameslayt Igawawen i tent-yugaren.

NEWWARA Waɣzen 1950

seg Sr LOUIS DE VINCENNES Initiation a la Langue Berbère

Tome 2 FDB 1960

141

A WIHIN....

A wihin iwumi zzin yetran, a wi k-iluɣan, mi akka teččureḍ igenni ! D anebdu ifures-ak ussan, d armi akka asekkran : d amjaḥ, ur tcuḥeḍ i tziri. Teṭtfeḍ-ţ d tazzla ! Wi k-yurǧan ? Tḥareḍ ?... Anwa amkan ? Ma neɛdel, ţxil-k awi-yi ! Ma d asigna i k-iserfan, rewlen akk, ɛeddan, A leṣlaḥ ! dɣa wwin tili : Ata ṭtsen akk lǧiran, ulac wi ɣ-d-yeslan : ala ifrax di ṭtjur d ubeḥri : Wigi ɣas ma ad i-d-walan : dɣa aten-ad d imɛennan ma ur teḥsibeḍ cwiṭ yid-i. D Llah ara k-t-id iţaran lxir-ik, A Selṭan, uzyin iţɛawad alali, syinna tewɛiḍ kul amkan : d keč i d aɛlayan ɣef kra i d-yexleq Sidi-Rebbi. Annaɣ, zger tiṭ-ik cwiṭ kan I wedrar inna, ata-n, muqel ziɣ, ahat tuki... Teṭtes ? ɛeddi di ṭtiqan...

142

Yak, weḥd-s i teggan ? Ma twalaḍ aqcic, d mmi. Tafeḍ-ţ tɣumm-it s imezran : Deg way(en) iɛeddan, akken i ɣur-s d tannumi. Saki-ţ neţat s ḍewyan s allen, s lemḥadran, tɛellqeḍ-ţ ɣur-sent mi tent-telli Tineḍ-as.... In-as... ur nenǧim... Annaɣ ! yekkaw yim ! rǧu, rǧu....ata-ya : In-as kan : sbedd iman-im, qabel-iyi-d s wudem-im... Lhedra ?...Ula iɣer...ala ! Ma ḥnineḍ, rnu-d mmi-m, ddem-it deg irebbi-m : twalaḍ : ur i-yessin ara ! Ccah ! Tura, xir wi(n) yeḍsan : ar tceɛfeḍ d itran deg unebdu la dɣa i tziri ! S akkin keč, am win yɛeyan, lefjer iţadan : Ruḥ di sslama, eǧǧ-iyi s tafat-ik : win i k-ţ-id-yefkan, agellid n lḥuman, limer ad k-id-yaf ! La d-iţali !

Belɛid At-Ɛli Isefra

FDB 1964

143

BU LEƔṬUT Bu Leɣṭuṭ ur yeḥric ara, ur yeḥric ara maḍi ; neɣ ma ulac, ma d

win kan itebɛen aɣrum-is ixeddem, iɛac am neţa am medden, ma d akka kan, ihi, Bu Leɣṭuṭ ur yelli wa(cu) i t-ixuṣsen. Ur yesslib, ur iɛuggen...

Deg wasmi i d-yekker armi d asmi akka d argaz ameqran, ma tenniḍ-as :

– Anwa i d lqern n ddunit ? D adrar nni ideg icerreq yiṭij akk d win i-ɣer iɣelli....

Neɣ, ma yella wi yas-d-yeslan iţaḍsa, iɛeggeḍ-d fell-as, ad izemmed icenfiren nni-ines s bessif, ad iteffer uglan-is s ufus-is, ad iţqerriɛ kan i waldayen-is, ad d-iseɣli ayen iwumi yezmer n leḥzen ɣef yiman-is, am win ara s-yinin : ata-n, a sidi, ula d udem-iw, ula d allen-iw, ad asen-kkseɣ taḍsa ! Yerna, s tideţ, lmeǧhud-is ixeddem-it akken ara iţban uqadum-is n bnaadem yetɛeqqlen...

Yiwwas kan i yeɛreḍ akken ara d-yenṭeq ula d neţa s lmɛequl, akken qqaren,...deg wass nni yecɛef.

Ass nni, qqimen diɣen akka di tejmaɛt, deg waṭas yid-sen, neţa di tekwaţ-is. Taswiɛt yesla-sen jebden-d awal ɣef kra n temsalt akken n tfellaḥt ideg yeẓra iman-is neţa iɛubbej, yerna yessen.

Yesla-sen la ţemjadalen, ţemnamaren, neţa iţaɣ-it lḥal-a s yiwen umeslay kan ara sen-d-yini, ad ten-yefru akken ilaq...

...Widak la heddren, ţemɣalaben, ţemxaṭaren ; neţa, ul-is yečča-t, imi-s iɣeẓza-t dayen : mačči d ayen iwumi ara yeṣber. Daɣ-neţa, s wergigi, udem-is d awraɣ am lmegget, yelli-d imi-s s bessif, ur bnin ara ɣef yiman-nsen, armi d-yenṭeq...

...Limer d igenni i d-yeɣlin ɣef lqaɛa, tili wissen ma ad xelɛen akken wid yellan din. Nniqal dehcen kan la skkaden deg-s ; taggara-ya, yetterḍeq yiwen s teḍsa : wiyiḍ-nin ɛunden ɣur-s akken llan : la ţaḍsan, ţaḍsan, tajmaɛt akk teţaḍsa armi lḥaṣun bɣan ad fellqen. Yuɣal yiwen,

144

akken iţaḍsa, yekker irǧem-it s tbeɛɛayt, bdun wiyiḍ ad d-jemmɛen tibeɛɛayin ula d nutni.

Bu Leɣṭuṭ iwala akken : yeẓra ala ma menɛent iḍarren-is : yerfed ajerbub nni iţuqam ɣef tuyat-is am ubernus, yeṭtef-iţ d tazzla.

Belɛid At-Ɛli Lwali n wedrar

FDB 1964

145

HUḤU D ḤRIRIS Ḥuḥu d Ḥriris d atmaten, sawalen anagar tideţ. Maca, tella

yiwet n tsurift d tamectuḥt, yella yiwen wass ideg ur sawalen ara tideţ : d ass n umulli-nsen. Ass nni, yal yiwen deg-sen yesxerwiḍ akken i s-yehwa. Ihi ass aneggaru n tefsut, aciban yesteqsa-ten.

Yenna-yasen : – A tarwa, melmi akken i d ass umulli-nwen ? Ḥuḥu yenna-yas :

– Nek, ass umulli-inu, d iḍelli. Ma d Ḥriris, yenna-yas :

– Ass umulli-inu d azekka. Armi d azekka nni tamɣart n uciban tuɣal ɣer warrac nni,

testeqsa-ten : – A tarwa, melmi akken i d ass umulli-nwen?

Ḥuḥu yenna-yas diɣen : – Nek, ass umulli-inu, d iḍelli.

Ma d Ḥriris yenna-yas diɣen : – Ass umulli-inu d azekka."

Afet-d melmi lulen Ḥuḥu d Ḥriris. Ḥend SADI

Tusnakt s wurar ASALU 1991

146

TAMEḤBUST Xenqen-ţ imeṭtawen. Ma tebra i yiman-is akka ur ten-teţaṭaf ara

aṭas. Ɣas tḥulfa i yiman-is teţezzer trennu, teɣḍes armi tennul lqaɛa, win i ţ-id-iqublen ur tebɣa ara ad ţ-id-iwali mi teţru. Ɣef wannect-a, tjuba-d deg yiman-is tazmert swayes teṭtef cwiṭ. Tekker tesuter anda yella wemkan deg ara teffeɣ. Yesken-as-d tawwurt tis-snat ɣef yeffus, yenna-yas ad ţ-teǧǧ akken teldi. Tekcem tesared ifassen-is, tḍegger aman i wudem-is, ɣef wemggerḍ-is, tuɣal-d. Tuki-d cwiṭ, tuɣal-iţ-id terwiḥt, uɣalent-ţ-id ula d tissas nni teɣra ɣef teswiɛin yecban ti.

Tḥewc-d tikta-s, tejmeɛ-itent-id, tesserked iman-is, teţraǧu. Saɛid SADI

Askuti, ungal IMEDYAZEN 1983

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AQL-ANEƔ DI TEMDINT N LYON Ɛmer d Ceɛban ɣef tiɣilt. Qublen asif. Ameccaq, tasurift, dɣa

yewweḍ asif wemdan. Ţalin ţṣubbun yemsebriden ; win iṣubben, taɛenqiqt ɣer deffir, yecceg ɣef uḥecraruf, iquzem aḥaruq n yiṭij, isended deg wid yeẓzlen di leḥcic, ajirnan ɣef wudem, yefk tamuɣli i wid ikessen iqjan-nsen ; win i d-yulin, ad yebru i tuyat, ikennu am win tuɣ leḥya, s ucuffu n leḥnak, s ibeddi neɣ s tuzzya ɣer yiṭij d wasif.

Racid ƐALIC Faffa, ungal

1990

148

TARGIT

Ussan n temẓi. D ussan n wurar, d ussan unadi d tifrat. Urar n tal tallit, tifrat n tal tamsalt. Ata-n wurar n temẓi, ata-n yennelqam-d iḍelli mi akka teltef times leɛmer, mi akka teslef i wafrayen. D agemmer n tzizwit, d ajelleb n uferṭettu seg ujeggig ɣer wayeḍ, si tebḥirt ɣer tayeḍ. Urfan ɛeddan ɣef temẓi am ubandu.

Degmi ḥemmleɣ iṭij mi ara ireqq. Irennu-yi-d di tmerɣiwt. Ass-a yenneɛdam wul-iw, yemmekti-d ayen iɛeddan. Ayen iɛeddan deg usirem, di tuţra n lehna ; tuţra n win yenḥafen, tuţra n win yuẓzafen. Yuẓzaf deg irebbi n yemma-s, yuẓzaf mi d-yeffeɣ ɣer tafat, yuẓzaf asmi d aterras.

Nteţu taḍsa, nteţu imeṭti, ur nteţu TARGIT. Mi ara teqqed gar wallen, mi ara tefk imi deg wallaɣ, teǧuǧǧug TARGIT teţnerni. Tella d taleqqaqt, teţuzur, teţiwsir, ur teţmeţat.

TARGIT am usigna, teţhummu di tegnaw, ur tuɣ udem ; tɣelli, teţnekkar. Mi ara d-yemɣullas igenni, ad d-lalent trika uɣilif, ad d-yeffeɣ uɣilif am ukeffa ; iẓri ad yefk tiyita ɣer daxel, yerwi afrayen, isegriwel di tiɣmas, yessiqseḥ tisemmamin, isider tibuɣarin.

Racid ƐALIC Asfel, ungal fédérop 1981

149

DI LKANTINA

Di lkantina mi kecmen, ɣunzan iḍebsiyen-nsen ɣas lluẓen, izad usemmiḍ. Ččan lferḥ. Teḍra yid-sen am warrac. Taḍsa anecreḥ. Amzun wissen acu i d-sulin.

Wa yeqqar « ad nexdem akka ! » wayeḍ yeqqar « ad nerr akka ! » Yal wa acu ifettu. Wa yeqqar « nekkni nxeddem nutni teţen. » Wayeḍ yeqqar « mačči d aklan i nella. »

Lḥasun, tuɣal lkantina d ssuq. Armi ɛyan di ssuɣat d umeslay, bdant tɣenjawin asčenčen. Bdan segḍayen aḥlaw, armi mecḥen tibaqyin. Yenṭeq fell-asen Lxewni :

– Ay atmaten win yekfan učči, tuffɣa ulac. Tura mi nečča neṛwa, ad yelhu umeslay.

Qqimen akk deg tenyilt-nsen. Ameslay n Lxewni mačči am win n Muḥend-Ameẓyan. Neţa yugar-it di leɛmer, yeccuref, yeɣra, yerna yessen taqbaylit akken ilaq. Yuɣ tameslayt. Ameslay n Muḥend-Ameẓyan am yeɣzer mi ara d-yenfel, kra i d-yufa sdat-s ad t-yeddem. Acu, mi fukken igefran, mi yers igenni, iɣzer ad yexsi, ula d neţa ad yuɣal d ulac, yekkaw, yuli-t uzanzu. Ameslay n Lxewni am wasif mi ara d-yeḥmel, kra din ad t-yezzer tarewla ulac, iɣum tiɣezza, iɣum iberdan, ayen iwumi yezmer ixdem-it, ayen imenɛen ar qabel ! S wawal ameqran i d-yenṭeq :

– Ay atmaten, assa d Muḥend-Ameẓyan iwumi i d-stufan. Bɣan ad ţ-ddun fell-as. Teẓram acuɣer. Ur yukir, ur yegzim, ur yerẓa. Bɣan ad t-stixren i-mi i d-yeqqar ayen yellan deg wul-is, ayen yellan deg wulawen-nneɣ, akken nella. Assa d Muḥend-Ameẓyan, azekka d Taher, wayeḍ d nek, wayeḍ d Dda-Rabeḥ. Ad aɣ-leqḍen yiwen yiwen, yal wa s nnuba-s !

Da Lxewni isusem, yesneḥneḥ, isebleɛ cwiṭ imetman, ibeddel tikli i taɣect-is, iserḍeb awal-is amzun i yiman-is iwumi yeţmeslay. Medden akk ɛellqen ɣer yimi-s. Amezwaru d Muḥend-Ameẓyan, yewhem acu ara d-isufeɣ assa daɣen Lxewni.

150

– Ulac am tegmaţ ! Ulac am tdukli ! Ma neddukel, nemlal, yiwen

ur aɣ-yezmir ! Ad awen-d-awiɣ yiwet tmacahuţ. Timucuha n Lxewni ḥemmlen-tent imeddukal-is. Yezga deg-sent unamek, yerna lhant i umezzuɣ. Yezga iţawi-d tijdidin, wissen ansi i tent-id-isekfal. – Tamacahuţ-a, ad awen-ţ-id-awiɣ, ɣas d azal. Ulac aɣilif ma ulint-

aɣ telkin. – Ulint-aɣ dayen, a Lxewni. D yiwen i d-ineṭqen di tabla

taneggarut. Ɛ.M.

iḍ d wass ungal 1990

151

TIMLILIT

Cwiṭ kan i ɣ-d yeggran ad naweḍ ɣer Wargran, teɣli-d lɣimra, abrid iɣab sdat wallen. Ddunit tuɣal akk d tazeggaɣt, anagar win yeɛyan deg uqerru-s ara yernun ɣer sdat. Nerra takerrust ɣer tama tayeffust : iwet-aɣ dayen butellis, seg uɣebbar mačči seg yiṭij.

Ahat azgen n tsaɛeţ i neqqim, nurǧa tafat ad d-tuɣal. Limer d lebɣi, di Tɣerdayt ara nens maca ɣef wakka neţwali, lmumen ad yeqqim kan di Leɣwat ar-d yali wass. Yemlal igenni d tmurt, acili n yejdila-d-yeţhubbu yemḍel iberdan, yerra azizwu d tillas. Winna akked i d-ddukleɣ isem-is Caɛban. Yelha yinig yid-s, acu yeksen isensa, anagar ma terra-t tmara tameqrant i ikeccem ɣur-sen. Qqaren iţaggad tilkin d ubeqqiw.Atan assa daɣen, la yeqqar ad yens di tkerrust.

_ Mi nesɛedda tanafa ad neṭtef abrid, di taggara n yiḍ. Neţa ur yessin ara acu i d iḍes di Sseḥra, yerna di tlemmast n

buǧanber. Nniɣ-as : _ Azekka, ma tukiḍ-d, ad d-tafeḍ ifadden-ik akk ggurslen seg

usemmiḍ, taxlult-ik d aẓelbuc deg yir lawan. Asemmiḍ n Sseḥra deg yiḍ, yugar win n tmurt : d agris i

yekkaten mačči d ageffur ! Akken ters cwiṭ liḥala, nessaɣ amutur, tura atan abrid ikad-d.

Mi nekcem Wargran tuɣ dayen yeɣli-d yiḍ. Tamdint teččur d aɣebbar ijegger-iţ akk s tlaba tellemlem (*). Imdanenla-ţazzalen bran i tuyat, taɛrurt teffeɣ-d, amzun d iqjan yessḍen i ţbibbin. Aḍu, d taccalba n tfiɣarla-seglafent di tmurt-a.

Deg usensu, yegget wegdud mačči d kra ; wid akk teṭtef lɣimra deg webrid ad as-tiniḍ ɣer dinna akk i d-mlalen. Neṭtef taxxamt s tmussni, yiwen deg imuras (*) yecfa fell-i d amsaɣ, yuɣal am wakken yezzwer-aɣ ɣef wiyiḍ. Akken kan sserseɣ aqerru-w ɣef tsumta, zzreɣ di naddam.

Akken kan qqnent wallen, Ceɛban la isendduy deg-i, isakki-yi-d : _ D lawan imensi !

152

Kkreɣ-d, rẓen akk yeɣsan-iw. _ Limer i yi-teǧǧiḍ gneɣ ! Nniqal tusa-yi-d tnafa d taxlaft, i yas-

nniɣ. _ Tura ma twalaḍ ur telluẓeḍ ara, ma yehwa-yak yiḍes, eṭtes

! Akken i s-yenna urumi , win yeṭtsen yečča imensi. _ Tura i-mi i d-nekker ad nader kan, ad d-neffeẓ kra. Restura, teččur armi d ulamek. Ulac anida ara tesserseḍ iman-ik

; ulac ttabla tilemt, ad as-tiniḍ d ssuq yerna winna iɛemren, asmi terbeḥ ddunit. Rriḥa n lbirra d iraggen n weksum tekkat ɣer taɣect, txenneq, yerna imsaɣen kra deg-sen kan i d iwerdaniyen, widak teṭtef lɣimra akka am nekkni : tugeţ d arraw n tmurt.

Iqendyar, itabaniyen, tiɛekkzin, iqeccabiyen. Mi ara ten-id temlileḍ deg webrid ad as-tiniḍ d ixewniyen. Tura, atenad i tillas yiwen ur ten-id yeţwali ɣlin di tecriḥt, ccrab d lbirra.

Ɛ.M.

Tullizin

153

INEBGI

Imensi i s-d wwiɣ, yečča-t armi ifukk, seksu yedhen s zzit. Mi ifukk učči, yeṭtef taqbuct n yiɣi, yeswa-ţ yuɣal yesfeḍ ačamar-is s ufus, daɣen acebbub-is, am wakken d aslaf ara yeslef i wemcic.

Times deg ukanun la teţirriq, la teţweccim iɣerban s tili-s, teţurar yes-sen, amzun ambiwel (*) yefka-yasen tudert, neɣ maḍi ţwazedɣen : tarbeɛt n tewkilin tuli-ten, la gezzrent deg-sen, yemmeɣ weslaɣ dayenni, la ţurarent rennunt, ulac dayen iɣimi.

Amcic-nneɣ, deffir-i i d-yedda, yezga deg icuḍaḍ-iw ahat ira ad iwali inebgi n yiḍ-a, amek iga wudem-is : ɛni d tannumi ɣur-s, mi iwala udem amaynut, limer iţaf ur as-yettixir, la yeţmetra talqimt d weslufu. Inebgi n yiḍ-a, neţa am wakken ur t-iwala ara, atan yelha kan d učamar-is. Amcic dayen yuyes, tura la yeţmizzid irennu, yugar aɣilas di teẓgi taberkant. Dɣa inebgi n yiḍ-a ula d neţa yemmazzeḍ, iɣsan-is ujjaqen, nek sliɣ-asen, amzun d aṣedded i ṣeddeden.

Tura times tebda txessi, telwi ; azizwu i ţ-nessaɣ, anagar yiwen usafu i d-yeggran, la iţenfufud am ţezrureq di tillas : mi rɣan ifurkawen uzemmur, akanun ad yeqqel d tirgeţ teǧǧa tudert, tinna ara yali yiɣed.

Seg webraḥ, akkin i tewwurt, ilul-d ucelyaḍ igezzem yugar timqessin, lawan n tegrest la d-yesnunnut. Agemmaḍ i taddart metwal igran yeǧǧa yiles n tgersa, bdan wuccanen aɣiwes. Tekker tegrawla deg umadaɣ : azekka d iṭij, ɣas acelyaḍ d asemmaḍ.

Amdan-a yensan ɣur-neɣ assa, d nek i s-d-yewwin imensi, abrid-a d nnuba-w teṭtef-iyi, uɣeɣ tannumi ssensareɣ, abrid-a teṭtef-iyi. Azizwu nni i ɣ-d-isuter tansawt, ad igen yiwen yiḍ, nekkni ad t-nesens. Tura nhegga-yas-d imensi.

Ɛ.M.

Tullizin

154

SI-YEḤYA Si-Yeḥya :

– A Sganarel, xerben-aɣ lexyuḍ, Qessam n ujuwu isengelwa asif, iqelb-aɣ taflukt. Acu kan iţak-d Rebbi ţawil : Tafellaḥt nni mlaleɣ llina acemma ur ţ-ixuṣ, tecbeḥ tegrurez, akken kan i ţ-yebɣa wul, tekkes-aɣ ccedda, dɣa tamsalt am wakken teqqed teḥla. Ur ilaq ara ad tesenser, ur zmireɣ ad sebreɣ aṭas, ad d-ggareɣ akka inehhiten.

Sganarel :

– A Sidi, aql-i bateɣ. Akken kan yemneɛ uqerru amcum si lmut, deg umur ad tḥemdeḍ Rebbi i ɣ-d-yegren asulef, tura keč tebɣiḍ ad aɣ-d-iceggeɛ tinifift nniḍen, d ayen tekkseḍ sser, ma d afḍaḥ...

( Ibeṛrem-it-id Si-Yeḥya, yesḥallef-asn am wakken yebɣa ad t-iwet )

Dayen dayen ceɛfeɣ, awal ur t-id-rniɣ, d tibbuhelt i yi-d-yebdan, ccḍeɣ deg umeslay. Sidi yeẓra acu ixeddem, yessen leṣlaḥ-is. Dayen ! Si-Yeḥya : ( Iwala tafellaḥt )

– Aha ! Ziɣ ! Ansi i d-teffeɣ daɣen tmexluqt-a ? A Sganarel, twalaḍ-ţ neɣ nndeh ? Werǧin mlaleɣ d zzin am wa. Acu kan ta tif tinna n seg-llina ! Sganarel :

– D tideţ ta tif tinna, acu kan i win yestufan.

Si-Yeḥya : ( i tfellaḥt nni ) – A tuzyint, timlilit yid-m, s wayen yelhan kan ara d-teglu.

Amek deg tmizar am ti, gar isekla d yeblaḍen ziɣ yella akka zzin am kem ?

155

Tafellaḥt :

– A Sidi, ayen yellan twalaḍ-t. Si-Yeḥya :

– Ihi, taddart-a, d taddart-im ? Tafellaḥt :

– d Taddart-iw, a Sidi. Si-Yeḥya :

– Ihi da i tzedɣeḍ ? Tafellaḥt :

– Da i zedɣeɣ, a Sidi. Si-Yeḥya :

– Amek i m-qqaren ? Tafellaḥt :

– Qqaren-iyi Tafellaḥt, a Sidi ! Si-Yeḥya :

– Akka i d taqcict, akka i d taṭtucin ! Tafellaḥt :

– A Sidi, tenɣa-yi leḥya, cwiṭ ad iyi-tessebleɛ tmurt sdat-k ! Si-Yeḥya :

– Acu ara tsetḥiḍ akka ? D ayen yellan kan i d-nniɣ, d tideţ ! A Sganarel, acu twalaḍ ? Dɣa yella wanida twalaḍ zzin nnig wa ?

Ţxil-m, ezzi-d kan akka cwiṭ. Akka i d tammast ! Zdi kan taqerrut-im cwiṭ, ţxil-m. Akka i d taqadumt ! Ldi kan allen-im akken ilaq. Akka i d taṭtucin ! Sken-d kan aseḍsu-inem. Akka i d tuɛlacin ! Ticenfirin sawalent i weɣzaz ! Dayen, aql-i fsiɣ, ur-ǧin walaɣ zzin am wa.

MOLIERE Si-Yeḥya

Asekkir 2, Asayes 2

156

AMAN D TRISITI

– Ihi, ayen i tnudaḍ tufiḍ-t ! Ad k-ččen yilfan, i yi-d-yenna

Charbonnier. Ilfan, ẓriɣ yakan anwi, maca werɛad i ten-ssineɣ akken ilaq,

werɛad i ẓriɣ anida ţawḍen. Yezzuɣer-iyi Erulin armi d taxxamt nni tamenzut, anida tella

tencirt tamcumt akk d trisiti. Walaɣ yiwen d Azzayri kksen-as ḥezluṭi, ɣlin deg-s s rrkel akken ad yeffeɣ ɣer wegnir. Di teswiɛt nni ideg Erulin d Charbonnier lhan yid-i, widak nniḍen ur steɛfan ara maḍi, la ţkemmilen deg twaɣit-nsen. Ɛnan yiwen umeḥbus ɣef tencirt s trisiti. La ţfarasen.

Yuɣal-d Lorca ; icudd-iyi ɣef tencirt : ad yi-alsen abrid nniḍen trisiti.

– Tikkelt-a mačči d tin n ukellex. D tin n tideţ !, i yi-d yenna. Ata-n yeṭtef-d yiwet n tmacint tugar tamezwarut ; ɣas akken ṭeglelliɣ, faqeɣ mgarradent. Tamacint-a, mačči d aɣzaz i teţɣezziz neɣ d agzar i tgezzer : tura d tisfiwin i la isennin deg-i, mmɣent deg wesfugan, yebri akk amzun s tɣemdin. Agerbuz yeqqur, ɣas kra din yerreẓ, kerrceɣ takmamt, iɣesmaren zemmeɣ-ten, medleɣ allen-iw. Uɣalen ǧǧan aɛṣar ɛeṣsren deg-i, ifadden-iw tergagayt teggumma ad asen-tebru.

– Wissen meqqar ma tessneḍ ad tɛummeḍ ? Neɣ ad ak-nesselmed ? Eyya-d ṭra ɣer tbernint !

Lorca iţmeslay, yekna-d nnig uqerru-iw. Ddmen tancirt amzun d nnɛec, nek fell-as cuddeɣ, akken i yi-

ddmen armi d takuzint. Dinna sersen-iyi, aqerru ɣef tbeqsit, ddaw tbernint. Sin neɣ 3 yilfan ṭtfen tancirt si tama iḍarren-iw.

Takuzint tesulles, anagar tafat n wegnir i ţ-isaɣen cwiṭ ; ɣas akken d tillas, ɛeqleɣ Erulin, Charbonnier d lqebṭan Denis : d nutni i iɛemren tazwayt.

Tibernint n waman d tamellalt teţirriq nnig wudem-iw ; Lorca icudd-as ajeɛbub n ukawaču, yuɣal iɣumm udem-iw s ujerbub. Yenna-yas

157

Denis : – Err-as asɣar deg uqemmuc ! Lorca irgel-iyi anzaren akken ad iyi-iger asɣar gar tuɣmas, amar ad zemmeɣ imi-w neɣ ad d-deggreɣ ajeɛbub nni.

Mi kfan, inṭeq-d ɣur-i : – Mi tebɣiḍ ad d-tqirreḍ, sembiwel-d iḍudan-ik. Yeldi-d i waman. Ajerbub nni swayes i yi-ɣummen imir kan yebzeg. Kecmen-iyi waman, llexseɣ akk : imi-w, anzaren-iw, udem-iw kra din yebzeg. Ɣas akken, ţarraɣ nnefs, acu kan s wenhat. Wteɣ amek ara regleɣ tagerjumt-iw akken ur tesseɣ ara aṭas : ṭtfeɣ nnefs deg yedmaren. Mačči aṭas i ṭtfeɣ akken. Teḍra yid-i am win tečča temda. Turez-iyi turin d axeṣsar, d aḍu n lmut i d-yerzan ɣur-i abrid-a. Qebreɣ, agerbuz akk yeqqur d taɣert, asuḍu yebɣa ad isuḍ. Ulac !

Henri ALLEG

Afeɛɛes (La Question) Ed. de MINUIT 1961

158

TIZIRI

Yiwen n yiḍ, tignewt teṣfa, afeǧǧeǧ n tziri yessaɣ tal

tiɣmert. Sdat n ṭtaq, iḍ yeḥma, Tiriri tefka tamuɣli ɣer yigenni, tesikkid ccbaḥa i ţ-yessaɣen. Tamdint merra texla, at wexxam, d tirni, ṭtsen. Ma d Tiziri, neţat, teqqim akken ɣer ṭtaq yeldi ; teţxemmim akken amek ara taweḍ isaramen-ines.

Din din, temmekta-d asefru i s-d-yenna wemsedrar nni i s-d-yefkan tibexsisin. Yenna-yas-d : – Bedd ad twaliḍ, qim ulac !

Tiziri tebda teţḥebbir amek ara texdem akken ad terbeḥ kra isuṛdiyen ad ten-tefk i baba-s akken ad ţ-yawi ɣer taddart-nsen. Kra yellan texdem-as leḥsab, maca ar tura ur tufi tifrat ; acḥal n tiktiwin i d-yezzin ɣer wallaɣ-is, yiwet deg-sent ur tlaq.

Din din tebda tesmuɣbun ɣef yiman-is, teqqar-as : – iwumi ur sɛiɣ ara ameddakel izemren ad i-yefk rray yelhan. Teqqim akken ddeqs, armi bdant wallen-isɛeyyunt, naddam isumma-ţ-id.

Taswiɛt kan, twala ɣer yigenni yiwen yetri iţceɛciɛ, iţimɣur, iţɣara-d ɣur-s. Tafat i d-iţakk, tẓehher tif tin i d-ţakken yetran nniḍen yellan din deg yigenni. Itri-ya iţreqriq yugar ayyur.

Acemma acemma, itri-ya iţɣara-d armi i d-ţuferzent deg-s snat n taṭtucin. Ɣas akken, Tiziri teţwali deg taṭtucin-a yersen ɣef yefri maca ur tumin : – Tiṭ teţwali-tent, ul yeskerkis-itent !

Muḥend At-Yiɣil

Taddart-iw 1995

159

TADYANT N WUČČI

Talemmast n texxamt, yella Jamil, amaray n wexxam n teɣdemt, lqed wezzil, abalṭu yelsa kemmil fell-as, armi qrib ad t-yeṛbu. Yeṭɣar ɣer uneẓzarfu nni afayan, yeḍsa-yas, yestewtew-as :

– Nelluẓ d tirni, acku neɛya, ula d tallit tedda, tasaɛeţ tewweḍ tlata ; učči, akka ur nezmir ad t-nesibnen. Učči, iţibnin mi iḥewwes yiwen deg teẓgi, neɣ yerkeb aɛudiw ad iţeqluqul fell-as azal snat tseɛtin. Ula d axemmem iserwal aram. Muqel tura ma kifkif mi ara teččeḍ tura neɣ mi ara d-twelliḍ seg ssyaḍa trewleḍ i lehmum n ddunit ; da kan ad tawiḍ lexbar. Akken qqaren, imassanen ur sibninen učči, ɣas ma ɣran aṭas maca deg temsalin n waram d ineggura maḍi. D webrid ɣer wexxam, ilaq amdan ad ixemmem ɣef wučči i t-yeţraǧun, ad yili akken i t-isarem. Yiwen wass, rekbeɣ takerrust, tedduɣ s axxam, laẓ yugar deg-i armi ḥulfaɣ s ujeɣdan ameqran yečča ajeɣdan ameẓyan. Ţxemmimeɣ ad afeɣ awtul yeknef. Akken ad yibnin wučči, ilaq mi teldiḍ tawwurt n wexxam, rriḥa wučči nni tesarmeḍ ad k-id-temagger ɣer tenzarin

– Mi tewḍeḍ s axxam, tufiḍ meqqar awtul yewwan ? – Yuksan wul-ik. – Nek, sarmeɣ abṛik, mačči awtul. I d-yenna uneẓzarfu. – Ur d-qqar akka. Kra din yeɛnan učči, iɛelleq ɣer uheyyi n

leḥwal. Wanag aksum, d awtul neɣ d abṛik, kifkif. Di tazwara, ilaq mi ara teldiḍ tawwurt n wexxam, ad k-id-temagger rriḥa n tassemt teknef. Siwel tkeccmeḍ, bru i utaftar n uxeddim deg tqernit anda ur t-teţwaliḍ ara, kcem ɣer tnawalt, ddem-d taḥellabt, smir-d kra n yiɣi ɣer ufenǧal ara yilin ufexxar, d win ideg tzemreḍ a tesibneḍ tissit. Ur t-ţes ara ɣef webrid, ḍfer-it tajeɣimt tajeɣimt alamma ifukk...

160

Amaray yeţbin-d yedhec, teḍra yid-s am win isellen mačči am

win i d-yemmalen. – Mi tekfiḍ ajɣam, seḍfer deffir-s kra n tmeɣẓazin neɣ n tẓidanin

akka am tazart. Aselway, yerfed-d aqerruy-is ɣef tewriqt yella iţaru, yeddem-iţ-

id yeskerfej-iţ, isakked Jamil. Yendeh-d fell-as : – Ay aqcic, sider acemma i taɣect-ik ! D tikkelt tis-snat i yi-tesxesreḍ tira.

Ait Ighil Mohand Tchekhov s Teqbaylit

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YEMMA-S NNI Yemma-s-nni icedha ur yeṛwi, yemma-s-nni i t-id-yeǧǧan ur

t-teksib. Seg wasmi i d-yusa ɣer Fransa, kra n tikkelt ara d-yali yiwen seg tmurt, ad as-d-tazen kra n lfakya d rriḥa n tmurt Leqbayel. Asmi i ţ-ixebber iheyya-d iman-is ad iruḥ ɣer Fransa, ur tebɣi yara, maca mi s-yenna acu ara xedmeɣ da ? Ur tufi acu ara s-d-terr. Neɣ ad as-tini d keč kan i sɛiɣ ? Wiyi d awalen iţilin gar tullas, mačči d wid d-iţarran aqcic d argaz. Xersum, teqbel teɛfes ɣef lebɣi texneq ul-is. Myif ad testanes neţat wala mmi-s.

Tuɣal teţqarraɛ tal tamnaṭ ansa ar d-yejbu yiwen ara d-yeglun s lexbar ɣef mmi-s. Ma ulac yiwen, teţḥessis i wayyur, zun yeţmeslay-d yid-s. D aya i d-tufa akken ad tsebber tarwiḥt.

Temekta-d Lḥasen, mmi-s amezwaru ijaḥen di tmurt taberranit, seg wasmi iruḥ ur d-yuɣal, armi t-d-wwin zwaren-d iḍarren. Mi iruḥ yewwi tazmert d aɛwin, mi d-yuɣal yugem-d lmeḥna d uheckuker, anagar taglimt ɣef yiɣes. Ufan-t yemmut ddaw tqenṭert.

Mohand Ait-Ighil Tiɣersi

Ungal 2008

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TIMLILIT Asayes 1u

(Si Belqasem – Leḥlu)

Si Belqasem : – Mreḥba, lɛeslama s lğar-iw. Amek teţiliḍ a Leḥlu ? Acḥal

aya ur d-tejbiḍ, uggaɣ teţuḍ-aɣ ? Leḥlu: – Sswal fell-awen, nekkini aql-i labas. Si Belqasem : – Aɣbel n ddunit ur yeţfakka, d win i d win, nekkat-it akka d

wakka. Qim. Acu i k-yeğğan acḥal aya ur d-testeqsaḍ fell-aɣ (ad isikked lqec n Leḥlu.) I-mi i d-telsiḍ amzun d isli ahat teţwanecdeḍ anda n kra ?

Leḥlu : – Ala, a Si Belqasem, d kunwi kan i d-qesdeɣ. Anaɣ teẓriḍ ur

sɛiɣ yiwen nniḍen anagar kunwi. Si Belqasem : – Ad ţ-isuffeɣ Rebbi ɣer lxir. Acuɣer ihi i d-telsiḍ akka

amzun d isli ? Leḥlu, yesqewqiw : – Ata acu yellan !… Rziɣ-d ɣur-k… a Si Belqasem… riɣ ad

k-sutreɣ deg yiwen ccɣel… jmaɛ-liman ur ẓriɣ ansi ara d-bduɣ… ata tebda-yi-d tergagayt… Ţxil-k efk-iyi tiqit n waman.

Si Belqasem, ad d-yeffi aman ɣer lkas, ad imeslay i yiman-is : – D isurdiyen i t-id-yewwin. Tebra ur ten-yeẓri. Ad as-d-awiɣ

yiwet n tmacahuţ, ad twalem yes-s ad yefhem. (Iluɣa-t) Tessneḍ tamacahuţ-nni anda yiwen isuter i umeddakel-is idrimen ?

Leḥlu : – Timucuha-inek, tugeţ deg-sent tewwiḍ-iyi-tent-id. Ur

nexsir wayra, awid-d daɣen ta ad as-nsell. Si Belqasem :

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– Yella yiwen yeṭtef taḥanuţ, tal tikkelt irezzu-d ɣur-s

umeddakel-is isutur-as idrimen. Neţa, yeqqar-as : « Sferfed ɣer tekwaţ, ddem ayen tuḥwağeḍ. » Ameddakel-a iţawi isurdiyen ur d-iţarra. Yiwet tikkelt yuɣal-d isuter-it, yerra-yas-d bab n tḥanuţ…

Leḥlu : – … Sferfed ɣer tekwaţ, ma terriḍ-d kra ad t-tafeḍ din. Si Belqasem : – Tessneḍ-ţ ? Ihi sefru-d tura acu tebɣiḍ. Leḥlu : – A Si Belqasem… uh, suref-iyi… uyseɣ, ur ẓriɣ amek ara

yers leɛqel akken ad-bduɣ awal. D tideţ acḥal-aya teţsellikeḍ deg-i, nek ur ak-rriɣ deg lxir, keč d amallal yezgan, nek ur k-uklaleɣ.

Si Belqasem : – Ini-d kan acu tebɣiḍ. Efsi-d tawemust-ik, ula d nek atan

bdiɣ ţayseɣ. Leḥlu : – Tura ad ak-d-iniɣ… (yemdel allen-is.) Usiɣ-d ad k-nasbeɣ ! Si Belqasem : – A yemma ! Amek i d-tenniḍ ? Ur sliɣ ara. Leḥlu : – Usiɣ-d ad ḍelbeɣ afus n yelli-k. Si Belqasem : – Ɛiwed-d, ɛiwed-d. Leḥlu : – Usiɣ-d ad… Si Belqasem :

164

– Dayen, sliɣ acu tebɣiḍ, a tiji-inu, qebleɣ ! Da, ɣas akken d

nek ara ak-d-yefken, meɛna tzemreḍ ad tiniḍ d keč i yi-kksen taɛekkemt. Ma d asuter am wa, ɣas ţuɣal-d yal ass. Rağu, ad d-siwleɣ i Hninu. (Ad yeffeɣ.)

Leḥlu : – Wissen ma ad teqbel. Si Belqasem, ad yekcem s tazzla:

– Aya mačči d aɣbel-inek. Ad teqbel ! (Ad yeffeɣ)

Ait Ighil Mohand Tchekhov s Teqbaylit

165

IḌRISEN N TMAZIƔT AKK-IŢ : GM : kra n yeḍrisen-a ahat xussen

IFRI N QAW Ɣ-isaffen n Ayt-Harun, tella teqbilt n ḥamed U-Aɛli. Ar yes-s

ftun medden ixf useggas, ar g-is qersen tiɣersiwin iɛejlin, d iḥulin, d izamaren, d ifullusen, ku n yan d ma yezdar. Ili g-is ya lɛefrit isem-nes Qaw ; yella g-is imi-nes tiflit rɣan waman-nes, wan yaɣ kra ar g-is itɛum, yejji.

E.LAOUST

Cours de Berbère Marocain Challamel 1920

166

MANIK BENNUN ICELḤIYEN TIGEMMA-NSEN ?

Ar bennun imi n berra, sekren g-is aɣegmmi, fad s imi n tgemmi,

berrmen-as iḥuna, eln asarag yeffeɣ s igenna bla azzger, skern anwal... Ar ttefṣsalen tigemmi, skern g-is kkuẓt iḥuna, yan ɣ-lqbelt, d yan

ɣ-tagut, d yan ɣ-iffuys d yan ɣ-iẓzelmeḍ, meẓziyen cway, acku g-is a tnurzumen imi n tgemmi ɣ-lgiht n zelmeḍ....

Taddwarit inebgiwen g-is yettili wusu ifulkin : tigertal d tzerbay neɣ iḥenblen fulknin...

Irden d temẓin ar ten-nettexzan ɣ-tserfin neɣ iḥuna ɣ-ugadir. Tigemma-nneɣ ar tent-nbennu s weẓru d talaɣt.

A.ROUX Vie berbère par les textes Ed. LAROSE (Paris,1955

167

TAƔLAƔAL

Ay-atma d yessetma Lli s d-nmun Taɣlaɣal n tasutin zrinin Aɣ-d-iɣran Ad neḍfer tabrat llif Mmuten inemɣuren zrinin Aɣaras-lli din ijjawan Ddlen-aɣ-t Ra t-nesfeḍ nḍi-t a-t-iẓer kuyan Nnan aɣaras iɣezzif Nenna-yasen : Ula aga iẓday neẓdar-asen S yan wawal a-s ra nal tit Ttun-t ay ayyur Afus-ufus hat tafukt m-iẓenzaren Tella-d fell-aneɣ Afus ɣ-ufus aɣaras neqqar Yaggug tifawt nga-t ɣ-ifassen.

Brahim AXIYAT Ayt-Swab (AGADIR)

Tafsut

168

URTI N LLUZ

A(y) -urti n lluz yellan ɣef tiṭ A Rebbi a-k ur yezwi ujuwwu Nga ahwawi bu tlaɛrasin Amar yufan a gi-k yekkes amud. Giɣ aɣrib nsug n-fellen dar-neɣ Aḥḥint a yemmi nsiyyeḥ ukan ! Kkiɣ timizar ula idewran Giɣ aɣrib nsug n-fellen dar-neɣ.

Ḥmed ḤJAJI Ayt-Baḥa

Tafsut

169

TAFULLUST D IKIYYAWEN-NES

Lqist i yya tfullust neţat d ikiyyawen-nes. Ya wwass, tezwar yat tfullust ikiyyawen-nes s iggi i ya medduz ar g-is skkurkujen, imil yaf ya ukiyyaw g-isen ya ubexxu. Yenna-yas yan yaḍnin : – Bḍu d id-i a gma abexxu yann-li tufiḍ-t. Yenna-yas : – Ur giɣ gma-k, ur tgiḍ gma, ɣid ur g-is tagmatt wanna yufan kra yaf-t ugayyu-nes. Ar yalla walli, yeftu dar yenna-s, yenna-yas : – Yenna-yi gma ur tgiḍ gma, ur giɣ gma-k ! Inaker tagmatt f ya ubexxu. Tenna-yas tfullust : – Tgam kullu tarwa-nu, wayenni mrad is dar-i tibbatin tsummem akfay-inu kiyyi di-s, ra ggi-k iḥennu tḥennu-t g-is, ilad amedduz ismun-a akk, ku yan ar iskkurkuz i ugayyu-nes.

Md ZENDOUẒ

Atlas-Aflay Boite-a-Documents

(Paris,1987)

170

ILIL A TIṬ-INU

Ilil a tiṭ-inu f wussan itwellan F-ifergan n zzher-inu d yergazen itruḥan F yasin lehl-inu, d Dda lmulud ag-geḥlan Ma-ɣef mmuten d leɛmer-inu Ur wwiḍen ɣer waman Ilil a tiṭ-inu f wussan itwellan F-tnewwart n tmurt-inu ag-gercin(? si lbaɛdan F-tmettant n wul-inu yerna s wubbi iẓuran Yerna s yid-s i yiɣef inu ag-genzin i yudan Ilil a tiṭ-inu f wussan itwellan

Ḥǧaǧ MADANI Awres

Aɣmis Asalu

171

TYAẒIṬ YETTARWEN TIZDAL N WURAƔ

Iggen wergaz tettuɣ ɣer-s tyaziṭ kull-ass tettarew-as tazdelt n wureɣ. Iggen wass, yenna lbal-s : – Tyaziṭ-u i ttarwen kull-ass tazdelt n wureɣ, ad iɛad aɛeddis-s lmeɛden n wureɣ. Lukan a-tt-ɣerseɣ, ad jebdeɣ si-s lkenzet tameqrant, ad dewleɣ d bab n lmal ameqran. Mbaɛd awal nni, yeṭtef tyaziṭ-s yeɣres-tet, ireyyec-tet, iceqq-as aɛeddis-s. Iḍall ɣef-s, wel yufi di-s ula d lḥiyet, menɣir adan, an tyaziḍin tiḍidentin. Si tet yergeb, yetwabxes s uzebelḥ-s, yeqqim yendem f-rray-s, andemi wel ineffeɛ. An-tu d lmaɛna-s : Lqellt n weqnaɛ iţawi-d lefqer, isejmaḍ ula d wayen i llan fus.

J.M. DALLET Mzab

Vérification des notations de E.GOURLIAU

FDB 1969

172

ALEM D TZEGGART

Iggen wass, alem iqerreb ɣel tzeggart bac ad yečč tifray-s, lakin

igget n tlafsa telwa ammas-s. Ihab iwexxer si-s. Tazeggart tessen (belli ihab si-s, tenna-yas :

– Mimi treggled thabed ? Iwajeb-t alem : – Wel teggdeɣ s-tadriwin-nnem, ggdeɣ s teɣmas n tlefsa yellan

ammas-nnem : lukan wel ggideɣ a-yi-teswaqqes, a-m-geɣ card imawen. J.M. DALLET

Mzab Vérification des notations de

E.GOURLIAU FDB 1969

173

TADDART N AT-WARGREN

Wargren-nna t-tmura-s neẓzar di-s carḍ imukan i nessen di-sen midden, netnin t-taxxyamt d-uxxyam t-teddart n umezdaɣ. Taxxyamt d mani nessen di-s ireḥḥalen. Nettat n zaw n ilman t-texsiwin. Axxyam n tuffawin d mani tteṭtsen di-s midden tigemma, mennawt si-sen Skin s tɣuri. Matta f-teddart n umezdaɣ, fell-as imar-u ad nsiwel. Kelb ad nẓer taddart igget, iyya ad nalit n ṣsunɛet n tmezgida tameqrant, s ujenna-s ad nẓer gaɛ tiddarin n mezdaɣ f-igget tekli. Nked, tigemma n Wargren gint am ujertir azaɛluk d azizaw yedmeɣ yessu f wudem amellal n ṣsḥert. Ammas n ujertir-u, yersu di-s Wargren am uɣrur n tlabit. Tilabitin rsint d tikennunin llint-as i tersal n uɣrur n ijbad i llan d sṣunɛet, d-uliɣ i llan Leblaṣa. Iɣulad izaɛlak ma tzemmatin i llnat tẓunant tikennunin. Tiddarin ḍersent, knunnḍent s addu ṣsunɛet am ifullusen s addu nanna-t-sen i iḥba n iman-nsen. Iggen ṣsur ibecc Wargren am tbeccit tḥezzeg aḥuli n tmeṭtut.

J.DELHEURE L' Habitation à Wargla

FDB 1973

174

Amawal n weḍris : taddart tanezduɣt amezdaɣ win izedɣen tamdint zaw anẓad tuffawin ifurkawen tigemma tigemma (n tezdayin, di Wargran mennawt tikkwal matta ma d... nked ata-n, aţa-n ajertir agertil azaɛluk annect-ilat azizaw yedmeɣ azegzaw yeddreɣlen aɣrur acanti talabit tayajurt tikemmumin tiɛemmurin llint zzint tirsal tarigliwin ajbad anu tizemmatin tizerbatin iḥba iḥureb ibecc yezzi tibeccit tabaggust

175

AMAN

Aman d rruḥ n tmurt-nna n Wargren : matta Wargren d war aman, ad yili yeqqur am tmura-s n ijdi amellal mani u d-yetteker ula d cra, la tazdayt, la zzaylet, ula ben-adem. Ad neḥmed Rebbi ayen ucin aman.

Aman ttasen-aneɣ-d s ujenna igget tekli ini mertin i useggas, d waman day d tinesnas. Saɛa-saɛa akk-is ttuṭtan am tdenni s ujenna, sedlan tiddarin i ttamint zzwayel d midden. A-k-iniɣ tiddarin-nna. Skint day s tɣuri t-temcemt i fessint s umẓar i dkan. F wammu ad tzemred ad tinid gaɛ u yettiɣ amẓar Wargren, biha netta day drus d-u yetteṭtef akkat-s.

J.DELHEURE L' Hydraulique à Wargla et au Mzab

FDB 1975 Amawal n weḍris : cra kra ajenna igenni takli tikkelt day acu kan tinesnas timeqqwa (aneznaz ? akkat tiyita tadenni acercur ? sedlan seɣlin ttamint meḥqent ṣkint bnant taɣuri lgir tamcemt bennu s wakal d walim

176

ULA, DASSIN

Ula Dassin, midden mdan tweled imzad nek tugeyed Enn-as i Dassin : ula ssewyeɣ-am kerteba-hin tugeyed

teẓmeyet-t ? Ula, ula, Dassin, ma full tennid bahu ? Ula, ula, Dassin, nniɣ-am : ewwu-hikkem tezzayed ar

dimardeɣ Alhin n Dassin, an-imir ur t-tusi Ukele, ukele, tekc-i taccelt Yala iyen, ul-in ixreq !

Asemlil Amawal n weḍris : ula ? amek armi ? kerteba tastawt, aserwal teẓmeyet txaḍeḍ bahu tikkerkas ewwu-hik ɣiwel-d dimardeɣ tura alhin... yir lfal... (diable de...) ukeleɣ aḥlil deg-i... taccelt talafsa, llafɛe Yala iyen Llah a yiwen

177

MḤEND-LHEMM

Ttuɣ yig weryaz, qqaren-as Mḥend-Lhemm. Iruḥ. Yeggur, yeggur, yeggur, ɣ-almi yufa yig weryaz, yeṭtef iɣzer s

mart-is. Yenn-as : – Matta da heggared ? Ɛyya-d akk-idi ! Ruḥen, nehnin sen. Gguren, gguren, gguren, ɣ-almi i ufan yig

weryaz, ikerrez s wucnan. Nnan-as : – Eyya-d akk-ineɣ. Matta da heggared ? Iruḥ akk-isen. Ruḥen. Gguren, gguren, gguren ɣ-almi i

ufan yig weryaz yeṭtef yig weẓru s nzar-is. Nnan-as : – Eyya-d akk-ineɣ ! Iruḥ akk-isen. Gguren, gguren, gguren tḥewwsen, ɣ-almi i

d-ṣewwren 7 yeryazen. Ruḥen f-iɛuday-nsen, s isekkinen-nsen. ɣ-almi i ufan yig wexxam er-daxel yig weryal. Udfen er-daxel-is, ufan-t yexla.

Nnan : "– Ihemmali a da neqqim necnin, a da nɛic." Qqimen.

H.GENEVOIS Djebel Bissa, (ḥaqbaylekt)

FDB 1973

178

AMAWAL

GM : Llan wawalen ur d-neddi ara deg tedlist-a

AMAWAL TAMAZIƔT-TAFRANSIST A acku parce que abati exclamation, étonnement addad état afeggag radical (un afelwi tableau aferdis unité agaluz vestige agdisem synonyme ajegdi / ajegdi principal agemmay alphabet aggaɣ occlusif aggay groupe aḥerfi simple ahu! (awal aqbur) merci ajerriḍ n beṭtu tiret séparateur akacbar crochet aktay rappel akud temps aleɣ former (se) /ţwileɣ être formé /sileɣ former ales répèter

179

allus répétition allal instrument alugen (ilugan règle amagnu (imugna) ordinaire amagrad voyelle initiale amaɣun participe amalay masculin amaris (imuras) emploi amaruz (imuraz) annexion amassaɣ relatif amaţar interrogatif amata généralité amatar index amatu général amazlay particulier, propre amḍan nombre amedya exemple ameggay sujet (grammaire amentel cause amenzay principe amernu adverbe ameskan démonstratif ameskil variable amesli son amezruy histoire amgirred différence amqim pronom amserti assimilation amsisi (imsisiyen) convention amummi réprobation amyag verbe

180

amyaɣ réciproque anaḍ impératif analkam conséquence anamek (inumak) sens aḍris texte anfali expression annecta quantité anɣi vélaire anmeɣru correspondant, antécèdent ansisli phonologie arawsan neutre arbib adjectif aremmuɛ groupe arfus manuscrit aseddas (t....t) syntaxe asekkil lettre (alphabétique asemmad complément asemres exercice, pratique asentel subordination aserwes comparaison asget pluriel asiḍen consentement asmil classe assaɣ relation, rapport aswaɣ forme factitive asuddim dérivé asuf singulier asumer (isumar) proposition asusru prononciation atg. (ar taggara) etc... aţwaɣ passif

181

awṣil affixe awtil condition ayla possession azeggar antécédent azegzul (izegzal) abréviation azellum (izelman) forme dérivée azenzaɣ spirant azgenaɣri semi-voyelle azwil chiffre azwir préfixe F fti se conjuguer /sefti conjuguer G gget être nombreux I ibaw négatif iccew chevron idrus rare ifeḍ l'infini ilaw affirmatif ilelli(ilelliyen libre (état ilem voyelle zéro (=e ) imir moment

182

imal futur imezli différent imri (imriwen objet imsisli phonétique iswi but ixef chapitre izri passé (prétérit L lkem suivre llelli être à l'état libre M - N maca mais mres employer /ţemres être employé /semres employer nemgar au contraire R - S rwes ɣer ressembler à... sdulli être nécessaire slid excepté srid directement selkem introduire, régir

183

serti assimiler /mserti s'assimiler avec suddem dériver T tabuhcict larynx tadersi minorité, rarement, le moins souvent tafekka corps t(afelwi t tableau tagerjujt, tankart pharynx taggara terminaison taɣara qualité tahrayt (tihray) désinence talɣa forme talqaft radicale (une) Tamaceɣt Touareg (langue) tamedyazt poèsie t(amentil) t cause tameẓla différence tamlellit alternance (timlellay)

tamrawt dizaine (t amserti(t) assimilation tanila direction tanfalit expression tankart, tagerjujt pharynx tanẓa hiatus tanzeɣt (tinzaɣ préposition tara gré /ɣer tra n ad libitum

184

targalt consonne t(aseddas syntaxe (t asefti(t conjugaison tasga lieu tasɣunt conjonction tasmekta quantité tasureft (tisuraf) exception tawinest (tiwinas) phrase tawsit genre t(awtil t condition tazabut dictée /zubet dicter tazelɣa particule tazzwara début tibawt négation ticcewt parenthèse tijegdit principe tigti majorité, la plupart /di tegti le plus souvent tugeţ surtout tiɣri voyelle tilawt existence / di tilawt en réalité timeẓri (timeẓra) aspect timmarewt parenté timsislit phonétique d tirni entièrement tunṭiqt syllabe tuqqna coordination tuţra interrogation

185

U uddis composé udem personne (grammaire udmawan personnel ufay emphatique ugar plus, davantage unti féminin urbadu indéfini urmeskil invariable urmir aoriste urusrid indirect usrid direct ussid intensif, redoublé uṭtun numéro W - Z war sans akk(-it) entièrement yugar supérieur zri passer zzenzeɣ être spirant

186

AMAWAL TAFRANSIST-TAMAZIƔT A ad libitum ɣer tra n... abréviation azegzal / izegzal adjectif arbib adverbe amernu / imerna action tigawt affirmatif ilaw affixe awṣil alphabet agemmay alternance tamlellit /timlellay annexion amaruz / imuraz antécédent azeggar apparenté imsenned assimilation amserti assimiler serti aspect timezri / timezra aoriste urmir B but iswi C cas (combiné tiddest cause i-lmend, t(amentil t chapitre ixef chevron iccew chiffre azwil classe asmil

187

classement asmules comparaison aserwes complément asemmad composé uddis conjugaison asefti conjuguer (se efti conjuguer sefti condition tafada, t(awtil t conjonction tasɣunt consentement asiḍen consonne targalt contraire (au) nemgar concession asiḍen (acceptation,résignation conséquence analkam coordination tuqqna corps tafekka correspondant anmeɣru (antécédent) convenir msisi convention amsisi / imsisaɣ crochet akacbar D début tazzwara démonstratif ameskan dérivé asuddim dériver suddem désinence tahrayt / tihray dictée tazubut direct usrid

188

directement srid, qsada direction tanila dizaine tamrawt différent imeẓli, yemgarrad différence tameẓla, amgirred dicter zubet définition tabadut difficulté ilɣi doubler asnikew, asemnenni E emphase tufayt emphatique ufay emploi amaris / imuras employer semres employer (s' mres employé (être ţemres entièrement akk, d tirni état addad etc... atg. (ar taggara exception tasureft / tisuraf excepté slid, anagar exercice asemres exclamation abati exemple amedya expression anfali F facultatif ur-mezgi féminin unti

189

forme talɣa forme dérivée azellum / izelman forme factitive aswaɣ former sileɣ former (se aleɣ formé (être ţwileɣ futur imal fraction taẓunt G genre tawsit général amatu / imuta généralité amata général (en s umata gré tara groupe aggay, aremmuɛ H hiatus tanẓa histoire amezruy I impératif anaḍ indéfini arbadu indice amatar indirect urusrid infini ifeḍ instrument allal intensif ussid interrogatif amaţar

190

introduire selkem, ger invariable urmeskil J jamais d awezɣi L larynx tabuhcict lettre (alphabet) asekkil libre ilelli lieu tasga M majorité tigti, amur ameqran mais maca manuscrit arfus masculin amalay merci ahu! tanemmirt! minorité tadersi (rarement) N normal amagnu, menwala nécessaire (être) sdulli nécessité adulli négatif ibaw négation tibawt neutre arawsan nombre amdan nombreux (être) ggten numéro uṭtun

191

O objet taɣawsa obligatoire imezgi occlusif aggaɣ ordinaire amagnu, menwala ordonner smizzwer, suneḍ ordre (succession) amizzwer ordre (impératif) tasunḍa, asunḍi P parce que acku participe amaɣun particulier (propre amaẓlay particule tazelɣa parenté timarrewt parenthèse ticcewt passé (préterit izri passif aţwaɣ personne (grammaire) udem personnel udmawan phonétique t(amsisli)t phonologie t(ansisli)t phrase tawinest pratique asemres pluriel asget principal ajegdi / ajegdi principe amenzay, tijegdit pronom amqim prononciation asusru proposition asumer pharyngal tankara

192

pharynx tagerjujt tankert possession ayla préfixe azwir préposition tanzeɣt Q qualité taɣara quantité tasmekta, annect(a R radical afeggag radicale (une) talqaft rappel aktay règle alugen / ilugan réciproque amyaɣ relation (rapport assaɣ répéter ales ressembler rwes ɣer réalité tilawt rare idrus rarement tadersi S sans war, wer semi-voyelle azgen-aɣri semi-occlusive azgen-aggaɣ sens anamek simple aḥerfi singulier asuf son amesli spirant azenzaɣ

193

subordination asentel subordonné amsentel suivre eḍfer, lkem sujet ameggay supérieur yugar surprise, réprobation amummi synonyme agdisem syllabe tunṭiqt syntaxe t(aseddas) T tableau t(afelwi) t temps akud terminaison taggara texte aḍris tiret séparateur ajerriḍ n beṭtu Touareg (langue) Tamaceɣt U unité aferdis V valeur azal variable ameskil vélaire anɣi verbe amyag voyelle tiɣri voyelle zéro ilem voyelle initiale amagrad

194

TILIWA

Mouloud MAMMERI – Tajerrumt n Tmaziɣt Maspéro, Paris, 1976 – Précis de Grammaire Berbère Awal, Paris, 1986 – Amawal Imedyazen, Paris, 1981

Sr Louis de Vincennes, J.M. DALLET

– Initiation à la Langue Berbère FDB, Fort-National, 1960 – Tizi-Wwuccen Edisud, Aix-n-Provence, 1987

J.M. DALLET

– Dictionnaire Kabyle-Français SELAF, Paris, 1982 – Dictionnaire Français-Kabyle SELAF, Paris, 1985

Ramdane ACHAB – Tira n Tmaziɣt, 1990

Ernest LAOUST – Cours de Berbère Marocain Challamel, Paris, 1921

J.M. CORTADE

– Essai de Grammaire Touareg Institut de Recherches Sahariennes Université d'Alger 1969

G.M : Tiliwa n yeḍrisen deg wadda n isebtaren

195

AGBUR

IZEGZAL ........................................................................................................ 5

TAJERRUMT -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

AMSISLI ......................................................................................................... 7 AGEMMAY ............................................................................................. 8 TUSSDA ................................................................................................. 14 AMSERTI ............................................................................................... 16

ILUGAN N TIRA ......................................................................................... 19 Snat n Tmawayin ɣef yilugan n tira ...................................................... 27

ISEM ............................................................................................................. 30 TAWSIT ................................................................................................. 30 AMḌAN ................................................................................................. 34 ADDAD .................................................................................................. 38 IRBIBEN N YISEM .............................................................................. 44

AMYAG ........................................................................................................ 48 AGGAYEN ............................................................................................. 48 ISMILEN ................................................................................................ 51 AMAƔUN .............................................................................................. 64 ISEM AMYAG ...................................................................................... 66 TIBAWT ................................................................................................. 67

AMQIM UDMAWAN .................................................................................. 70

IMḌANEN .................................................................................................... 81

AMESKAN ................................................................................................... 86

AMAŢAR ..................................................................................................... 97

TIZELƔA .................................................................................................... 102

TINZAƔ ...................................................................................................... 108

AMERNU ................................................................................................... 120

ILƔITEN DEG TIRA ................................................................................. 128

196

IḌRISEN I TƔURI .............................................................................. 136

IḌRISEN S TEQBAYLIT : ...................................................................... 137 BU ICUBAƔ ........................................................................................ 137 ASEFRU N TALUFT .......................................................................... 138 AMƔAR AḤULI .................................................................................. 139 ǦEḤḤA TAMETTUT-IS D WEMCIC .............................................. 140 TAFTILT TEXSI ................................................................................. 141 A WIHIN.... .......................................................................................... 142 BU LEƔṬUT ........................................................................................ 144 HUḤU D ḤRIRIS ................................................................................ 146 TAMEḤBUST ...................................................................................... 147 AQL-ANEƔ DI TEMDINT N LYON ................................................ 148 TARGIT ................................................................................................ 149 DI LKANTINA .................................................................................... 150 TIMLILIT ............................................................................................. 152 INEBGI ................................................................................................. 154 SI-YEḤYA ............................................................................................ 155 AMAN D TRISITI ............................................................................... 157 TIZIRI ................................................................................................... 159 TADYANT N WUČČI .......................................................................... 160 Yemma-s nni .......................................................................................... 162 TIMLILIT .............................................................................................. 163

IḌRISEN N TMAZIƔT AKK-IŢ : ............................................................. 166 IFRI N QAW ........................................................................................ 166 MANIK BENNUN ICELḥIYEN TIGEMMA-nsen ? ........................ 167 TAƔLAƔAL ......................................................................................... 168 URTI N LLUZ...................................................................................... 169 TAFULLUST D IKIYYAWEN-NES ................................................. 170 ILIL A TIṬ-INU ................................................................................... 171 TYAẒIṬ YETTARWEN TIZDAL N WURAƔ ................................ 172 ALEM d TZEGGART ......................................................................... 173 TADDART N AT-WARGREN .......................................................... 174 AMAN .................................................................................................. 176 ULA, DASSIN ..................................................................................... 177

197

MḤEND-LHEMM ............................................................................... 178

AMAWAL .................................................................................................. 179 AMAWAL Tamaziɣt-Tafransist ......................................................... 179 AMAWAL Tafransist-Tamaziɣt ......................................................... 187

TILIWA....................................................................................................... 195

AGBUR ...................................................................................................... 196

198