I. /lfcmopuR 2opooa Capoaa

A.E. KmowHna

COI(HAJihHO-)lEMOrPA<l>WIECKHH COCT AB 3AKJ110qEHHblX HTJI "Jir'' CY-(880) 585

,[(oeyMeHTaJihHCUI 6a3a no HCTOpMM CTaHOSJiemrn: H pa3SHTIDI aTOMHOH npo­

MhlUIJieHHOCTH 3a nocne.uHee speMH 3HatJHTeJihHO pacrrn1pHJiaCh. 3To CTaJIO S03-

M0)J{Hh!M 6Jiaro.uapH: TaKoMy YHHKaJihHOMY H3.UaHIIlO, KaK o<j:nn.(HaJ!bHh!H c6opHHK

apxHBHhIX .UOKyMeHTOs "ATOMHhIH npoeKT CCCP. ,[(oeyMeHTuI H MaTepHanhl" s 3

ToMax rro.u o6m. pe.u. Jl.,[(.PH6esa1, oxsaTbrnaromeMy nepno.u 1938-54 rr.; KHHre

A.K. Kpyrnosa "KaK co3.uasanacb aTOMHa» npOMbIIIIJieHHOCTh s CCCP", Il,HHMa­

TOMHmpopM 1995r.; KHHre aBTOpCKOro KOJIJieKTIIBa P<l>5IU,-BHMM3<l> "CoseT­

CKHH aTOMHhIH npoeKT. Ko Heu aTOMHOH MOHOTIOJIHH. KaK :no 6i,mo ... " Capos

2000r. H HeKOTOpblM .upynIM.

,[(Jur HCCrre.uosaTeJieH-HCTOpIIKOB see 60JibIIUIM HHTepec CTaJIH npe.UCTaBJIHTb

nepsb!e CYpOIITeJIII "aTOMHhIX" ropo.uoB If npe.urrpIDITHH, KOTOpb!e B JlOK)'MeHTaX

KOHII:a 40x - HatJana 50x ro.uoB Ha3b!BaIOTCH TO cneII:KOHTHHreHTOM, TO "rrpoKOMH­

coBaHHOH pa6cm1ofi"2

, a qame BCero rrpOCTO 3aKJIIOtJeHHb!MH (HJIH COKpameHHO

3/K)3. Bo MHOroM 3TO CBH3aHo c rrpoueccoM pacceKpetJHSaHHH IICTOtJHRKOs 3Toro

rrepHo.ua. B rrepetJHCJieHHhIX BbIIIIe KHHrax, oco6eHHO s nocJie}J,HeM, B 3 rnase

"06neKT - HOBOe CJIOBO H HOShie peanbHOCTH" (cc. 82-93) rrpHOTKpbIBaeTCH o.uua

113 MaJIOH3BeCTHhlX crpaHlill.( B HCTOpMH CTaHOBJieHIDI aTOMHOH npOMhlllIJieHHOCTH

CCCP. 3.ueci, ua rrpIIMepe KI>-11 (yCJIOBHOe HaHMeHoBaHHe - o6oeKT HJIH o6neKT

NQ 550, a c I 973r. OTKpb!Toe HaHMeH0Bam1e - BHHM3<l>), .uaHa o6mrui Kapnrna

COCTOHHHJI CaMOH MHOrotJHCJieHHOH 11acn1 pa6otJHX Ha crpoliKax crreuo6oeKTOB

HOSOM orpacm1 - 3aKJII01IeHHbIX. 3TOH )Ke TeMe IIOCBHIIIeHa co,11.ep)l{aTeJihHCUI CTa­

ThH, orry6JIHKOSaHHCUI s ~pHane "Bonpocbl HCTOpHH" .N!! 1 3a 2001r., "ATOMHbIH

fYJIAf" )l(opeca AJieKcau.upOBHtJa Me,UBe.ueBa4 (cc.44 - 59).

Hy)KHO CKa3aTh, '!TO HCCJie)l,OBaHIDI no .uaHHOH TeMe HaxO)l,HTCH JIHlllh s ca­

MOM Ha11arre. Ka3aJIOC.b 6bI, rrpOlICIDIIOUICUI MHoroe CTaTI:.51 "ATOMH.bfH fYJIAr',

110 HaIIIeMy MHemno, co.uep:aan .UOCTaTOIIHO O.UHOCTOpOHHHH B3rJIH,ll. aBTopa Ha

3TOT sonpoc. flpH IDy'leHHH .uoeyMemoB CCCP nepiw.ua IV TIHTHJieTKH ueJih3H

3a6bIBaTh 0 BpeMeHH, B KOTOpOM )KHJia crpaHa. 3TO 6hIJIH rrepsbJe IlOCJieBOeHRb!e

fO}J,hl, D!)KeJihie H uanpH)KeHHhle, CSH3aHHhie c SOCCTaHOSJieHHeM Hapo,11.uoro xo-

3HHCTBa, c C03.l(aHHeM HOS.bIX OTpacrreli rrpOMhlIIIJieHHOCTH. KaTacrpo<j>HtJeCKH He

XBaTaJIO pa6otJHX pyK.

B '.lTHX ycnosHHX, s asrycTe 1945r. coseTcKoe pyKoBOJlCTSO npHHHJIO 3KC­

TpeHHbie Mephl, HanpasneHHhle Ha .JIHKSH.UauHIO aTOMHOH MOHOilOJIHH ClllA, C03-

.uaromeM. yrpo3y 6e3orracHocrn uarneif cTpaHb1. 20 asryCTa 1945r. 6bIJIH c03,11.aHb1

25

I. HcmopuR eopooa Capoea

JIBa rocy.uapCTBeHHhIX opraHa. Omi: fa.um Ha.ueneHDI rnHpOKHMH rronHoMoqmJ.MH

ITO OpraHM3aum1 BCeM pa60ThI B o6naCTH HCIIOilh30BaHIUI aTOMHOH :meprm1,

BKJIIO'llill pa3pa6oTKY aTOMHhIX 6oM6. 3ro 6hIJIH CrreuHanhHhIH KOMHTeT (rro.u

npe.uce.uareilhCTBOM JiaspeHTM.SI flaBnOBWia EepM.SI) H flepBoe rnaBHoe yrrpasne­

HHe (flrY) npH CHK CCCP5 (non pyKoso.ucTsOM Eop.Hca JlhBOBWia BaHHHKOBa).

C CaMoro Ha'larra cBoeil: .ue11TeilhHOCTH CrreUKOMHTeT H IIfY Macuna6Ho pa3sep­

ttynH CTpOHTenhCTBO npe.unpHHTHH Hosoil: aTOMHOH npoMhmmeHHOCTH. flpaKTH­

qecKH O.UHOBpeMeHHO, s H0116pe-.ueKa6pe 1945r., Ha 3ace.uaHIDIX CrreUI<OMHTeTa

6hmo npHHHTO pememi:e 06 opramnaUHH .usyx 3aBO.llOB N2 817 ('Ien116HHCK - 40);

H N2 813 (CBep.IUIOBCK - 44) no npoIDso.ucTBy aTOMHhIX B3phrn'laThIX semecTB H

KOHcTpyKTopcKoro 6Iopo N2 5 (nepsoHaqarrhHOe Ha3SaHHe KE-11) no pa3pa6oTKe

aTOMHhIX 6oM6. Y)!{e s Ha'!arre 1946r. Ha Ypane Haqanoch CT{JOHTenhCTBO 3aso­

.uos, as Mae T.r. Ha MeCTe 6hrnmero 3aso.ua N2 550 HapKoMaTa 6oenpHnacos (c

1946r. MHHHCTepcTBa cenhcKoxo311il:cTBeHHOro MallIHHOCT{JOeHHH - MCXM) 6

s

noc. Capos Mop.uoscKoii ACCP - opram13amrn KE-11. CTpOHTeJihCTBO npe.unpH­

_5iTHH Hosoii aTOMHOH OTpacnH ocymecIBmmYI CT{JoHTeJihHhie YnpasneHYIH (CY,

CTpOHTeJihcTsa) rnasnpOMCTpOH MB,U CCCP. OcHOBHhIMYI YIX pa6oTHHKaMYI B

1945-1953 rr. 6h!JIH 3aKJIIO'leHHhie, co.uep)!{aBmHeCH TaM )Ke s 30Hax HCIIpaBH­

TeJihHO-TpY.llOShIX narepeit Ha cerO.UHHIIIHHH .ueHh npaKTWieCKH BCe TaK Ha3hl­

BaeMbie "aTOMHhie ropona" HMeIOT CSOIO YIH$paCTPYKTYPY YI rpa.uoo6pa3Y1Qlll.Me

npeJJ.IIpHHTIDI 611aro.uap11 TaKHM CY.

HcropHH HhIHemHero ropo.ua Capos YI PoccHiicKoro <l>e.uepanhHoro JI:.uepHo­

ro ueHTpa BHMH3<l> TO}!(e Hepa3phrnHo cs113aHa c OJI.HMM ID HHX. 0Ho Ha npoT11-

)!{eHHH rronyseKa, Memu1 JIHIIlb CBOH HOMepa H non:qHHeHHOCTh, Ha'!aB B cepeJJ.HHe

40x ronos CTpOHTeJihHh1e pa6oThI no o6T>eKTaM KE-11 H nocenKa Capos c Ha3Ba­

HHeM "CTpOiffeJihHOe ynpasneHYle N2 880 rnaBnpOMCTpOH MBA CCCP"7

(CY-

880), 22 nexa6pH 2000r. 3axowrnno CBOIO neinenhHOCTh B ropo.ue Capos B Kaqe­

CTBe Caposcxoro cTpmnenhHO-npOMhmmeHttoro aKUYIOHepHoro o6meCTBa.

3zy opraHH3aumo XOTeJIOCh 6hI BCTIOMHHTh .uo6phIM CJIOBOM Ji! IlOCBHTHTh

eli pacCKa3 o JIIO.UHX, KOTOphle HaqaJIH TPY.Ul1ThCH 3.uech s 1946 r. 3aKJIJOqeHHhIMH,

a IIOCJie OCB060)!{}leHml Jil3 narep11 npO.UOJI)KHJIH pa6oTaTh BOJlhHOHaeMHh!MJil. Hc­

TO'lHYIKaMYI IIPYI IIO.llfOTOBKe ,n:oKJia.ua CTanH yrroMHttyTbie BhIIIIe HayqHo­

nonynHpHhie H3,n:amrn, a TaK )Ke apXHBHbie JJ:OKyMeHTbl caMhIX KpynHblX <Pott.uo­

o6pa30SaTeneii: BHHH3<l> H YnpasneHIDI cTpoHTenhcTsa8. EhmH Hcnonh30BaHhl

oT.uenhHhle npHKa3hI no JIYl'IHOMY cocTasy YI no ocHOBHOH .ue11TeJihHOCTY1 CY-880

H KE-11 3a 1946-1953 rr., BhICTYIIalOIJlYle KaK HCTOqHHKH STOporo rrrraHa, no.u­

IBep)KJlalOillHe YIH<l>opMal(HIO nepsOHCTO'lHHKOS, KOTOph!MH HSJIHIOTCH cny)l(e6-

Hb!e KapTO'lKH $.2 H y'leTHhie KapTO'lKH qi.2• Ha pa6oTHHKOB CTpoHTenhcTBa.

26

I. Hcmopua eopo0a Capoaa

KapToqKH xpattl!TCH B oTnene <fiottnoB ttayqtto-TexttwqecKoli H ynpaBJieHqecKoH

)lOKyMeHTaum-1 <PrYTI P<l>5I~ - BHI1H3<l>.

B HaqaJie KpaTKO KOCHeMcl! HCTop1m C03)laHHH CY-880, a TilK JKe HCnpa.BH­

TeJihHO-rpy noBoro narepji "EenoropcKoe" (coKpametttto HTn "Er")9

, ttaxomrn­

merocll B ero cocTaBe. 29 anpenl! l 946r. Haqan1>HHK IIrY EopHc flhBOBHq BaHHHKOB o6paTHJICji c

flll.ChMOM K MHHHcrpy BttyTpeHHHX nen CCCP C.H.Kpyrnosy, B KOTOpoM rrpocHJI

ero BhI.UeJIHTh nJiji o6ecneqeHHji crpoHTeJihCTBa B rroc. CapoB 5000 3aKJIIOqeHHhIX,

B TOM lJHCJJe 2000 - B Mae 11 3000 - B HIOHe. KpoMe Toro, .E.n.BaHHHKOB o6paman

BHHMaHHe MHHHCTpa Ha TO, qTO 3TH MeponpHl!THH Heo6xoJ(HMO 6hIJIO ocymecT­

BHTb no BhlXO)la COOTBeTCTBYIOIUero IlOCTilHOBJieHHH PYKOBOJ(CTBa CTpaHbl BBHJlY

qpe3BbiqaliHO CJKaTblX cpOKOB OKOHTiaHHH CTpOHTeJibCTBa.10

Ilo BOCIIOMHHaHHllM 11 6hIBIIIero rnaBHOfO HH)J(ettepa 3aBO)la N2 550 HHKO­

Jiall AneKcattnpoBJ1qa TierpoBa, ntteM paHhIIIe 28 anpeM 1946 ro.n:a (61>mo BOC­

KpeceHhe )12 eMy 1103BOHHJI HalJaJibHHK rrepesanoqHOH 6a3bl co CT.lliaTKH H coo6-

Il(l1JI o rrpHe3ne rpyrrllbI crpmrrene:H so rnaBe c ttaqanbHHKOM crpoHTeJihHOH op­

rattmauwH rronrronKOBHHKOM AneKCaHJlPOM CepreeBwqeM IloHoMapeBhIM13• OH

npHBe3 rrpHKa3 MHHHcrpa o rrepenaqe 3aso.ua B cocTaB CY-880. IlpHKa3 61>m spy­

qeH JlHpeKTopy (3aBO.lla)14

•

26 anpeJiji 1946 r. cornactto npHKa3Y N2l rro CY-880 rronrroJIKOBHHK

A.C. IloHOMapeB rrpHCTyIIIIB K HCIIOJIHemno CBOHX o6IDaHHOCTeii15

• ,ll;anee co­

rnacHO coBMeCTHOMY npHKa3Y N2 118/2 OT 26 anpen» 1946 r. nHpeKTopa 3aBO­

na .N'2 550 HBaHa HsaHOBJ1qa CBeprHJioBa16

H ttatJanhHHKa CY A.C.IloHoMapesa B

nepHOJJ: c 27 no 30 anpeM KOMHCCHOHHO 6brna npoBe,lleHa HHBeHTapH3aUHji oc­HOBHhlX cpencTB H MaTepMaJibHhIX ueHHOCTeH 3aBO,lla N!! 550 no COCTOHHHIO Ha

27 arrpenJI. 3THM )Ke qHCJIOM pa6oTHMKOB 3asona H OPCa (scero 1474 qenoseKa)

3alJHCJUUIH B IIITaT CY. ,ll;attHhIH <fiaKT IIOJ(TBepJKnaeTCll COOTBeTCTBYIOIUHMH 3a­

ITHC5IMH B CJiy)J(e6HbIX KapToqKax qi. 2 Ha pa60THHKOB "oTKOMattnHpOBaHHbIX c

3asona B CTpmneJibCTBO".

B Mae-HIOHe CrpoHTeJihcTBO tta TeppMTOpMH rrocenKa CapoB 61>rno opraHH-

30BaHo. Pa3BepttyJIH paHOHbI: npoMblIIIJiettttoro crpo11Ten1>cTBa (PITC N2 1) c co6~

cTBeHHhIM narepeM (3oHa N2 I) H rpa)l(.llaHCKoro )J(HJIMIUHOro crpoMTeJihCTBa (Pre

.N'2 2) c co6crneHHhIM narepeM (3oHa .N'2 2), pacrronaraBIIIHMCH B 6brnrne0 30He

.ZJ.TK17

• TaKHM o6pa30M, eme .uo Bhrxo.ua TiocrattosneHH» Cosera MirnHcrpoB

(CM) CCCP N2 1286 - 525cc OT 21 HIOHH 1946 r., B KOTOpoM crpoHTeJihHO­

MOHTa)l(HbJe pa6oThI Ha o6oeKTe .N'2 550 so1naranHCh Ha CY-880 MBA CCCP, 3TH

pa60ThI y)J(e 61.um pa3BepttyThI18

• c BhIXOJ(OM .uaHHOro IIOCTaHOBJieHHH CTpOH­

TeJibCTBO Ha o6beKTe JIHIIIb aKTHBH3Mp0BaJIOCb.

27

I. Hcmopusi 2opoiJa Caposa

ffa BhlIIIeH3JIOi!<eHH.bIX .ll.OK)'MeHTOB BM.n;HO, B KaKOM a.BpaJI.bHOM peJKHMe 6.bI­

JIH HaqaThl pa60Thl Ha ofo,eKTe. B CBH3M c qeM, H B03HHKaeT rrepBM rrpo6neMa.

Kar<yro .n;aTy cqHTaT.b TOqKoli oTcqeTil HCTop1rn CY - BhlXO.ll. rrepsoro rrpHKa3a

CTpOHTeJI.bCTBa HJIH IloCTilHOBJieHIDI CM CCCP? Ilo HameMy MHeHHIO, .n;aToli

poJKJJ;eHHH CTPOHTeJI.bCTBa HBm1eTCH 26 arrpeJIH 1946 r. - .n;aTa BcTyTIJieHIDI B

.ll.OJI)J(HOCTh ero HaqaJI.bHHKa A.C.IloHoMapesa (.n;aTa 1'° npHKa3 CY -880).

22 HIOHH 1946 r. B CTpOHTeJI.bCTBe 6.bIJia opramnoBaHa KOMHCCIDI JJ;JIH ocy­

meCTBJieHID! pernaMeHTttposaHHoro npHeMa 3aKJI10qeHH.bIX19• Ha cero.n;HHIIIHHH

.n;eHh .n;aTil nepsoro :nana H KOmtqecTBO nocrynRBIIIHX no HeMy Ha ofri:.eKT 3/K Ha~ HeH3BecTHO. 0.n;HaKo .n;OK)'MeHTu1 CY rosopHT o TOM, qTo y)J(e B Mae, KaK 11 npo­

CHJI E.JI.BaHHHKOB, Ha 06'.beKTe IIOHBHJIHC.b nepB.ble 3aKJIJOqeHHhie. B IIO.ll.TBep­

)J(JJ;eHHe :noro rosopHT TOT lf>aKT, qTo 21 MaH Ha'laJI.bHHKOM .n;HBH3HOHa BOXP

6.bIJI Ha:maqeH KanHTilH A.JI.IleceHKo, npH6.bIBIIIHH Ha 3Ty .ll.OJI)J(HOCTh no pa3Ha­

pH.n;Ke OK rYJIAf'a20• KpoMe Toro, npHKa3hl OT 28 H 31 MM 1946 ro.n;a "06 H3-

MeHeHHH pacrropM.n;Ka .n;HH 3\K B uenHX ycHnemrn npoH3Bo.n;HTeJI1>HOCTM TPY.ll.a" H

"O rro6ere M3 narepH 3 3aKJIIO<JeHH.bIX B HO'l.b Ha 27 MM 1946 r." TilK JKe no.n;rnep­

JK.ll,aIOT HaJIWIHe B Mae 3aKJiroqeHHhlX Ha 06beKTe21 .

Ha 15 HOH6pH 1946 r. CY 61>rno YKOMIIJieKTOBaHo pa6ot.Ieli CHJIOH B KOJIWie­

cTBe 11, 5 ThlC. qen.22, BKJIJOqM H BOJI.bHOHaeMrn.1ii cocTaB 3aso.n;a N2 550 MCXM,

a TaK JKe nro.n.eM: rrpttHHThlX B CTPOMTeJI.bCTBO "Ha MeCTe" MJIM rrocTyrrHBIIIMX cro.n.a

no HarrpasneHMIO m CMCTeM.bI MBA MOK fYJIAfa. Ha 01 MIOHH 1947 r. KOJIWie­

CTBO 3aKJIIO'leHrn.Tx HTJI "Ef" cocTaBJIHJIO 10098 qen. M3 HHX: 9044 MY)J('IMH M

1054 )J(eHIUHH23•

Ha npornJKemm neptto.n.a cymecTBOBaHIDI MTJI "Ef" B noc. Capos 'IMCJieH­

HOCT.b 3/K IIOCTOHHHO KOJie6anac.b - :nanhl He TOJihKO IIOCTynanM Ha CTpOMTeJibCT­

BO, HO H OTnpaBJI.HJIJilC.b (rro pa3HhlM npH'IHHaM) M3 Hero B pacrropH)!{eHMe .n;pyrMX

CTPOMTeJI1>cTB24

•

Ha 15 oKrn6pH 1948 r. CY BMecTe c 3aKJIIO'leHHbIMH pacnonarano npHMep­

HO 15000 qen. 25 B 1949 r. KOJIWieCTBo 3/K Ha 061.eKTe pe3KO yrrano. Ilo cpaBHe­

HHIO c npe.ll..bl.ll.YIUHM ro.uoM CTPQMTeJI.bCTBO HMeJIO B .n;Boe MeHbIIIe o6IUYIO qMC­

JieHHOCT.b pa6oTaIOIUHX - 8200 'Jen. ITT IDIX 2100 'leJI. 61>mH CTPOHTeJihH.bie pa6o­

qHe H3 6.bIBIIIHX 3aKJII0qeHH.bIX H 4300 qeJI. CTPOHTeJI.bH.bIX pa6o'IHX 3aKJI10'leH­

rn.1x26, T.e. B :noli KaTeropHH 'IMCJieHHoCTh ynana npaKTWiecKH B TPOe.

14 lf>espanH 1950 r. CY-585 6w10 nopYt.J:eHo B.bIIIOJIHeHHe scex pa6oT no

CTpOIITeJibCTBY )J(eJie3HOH JJ.Oporn IIIHpOKOH KOJieM B npe.n;enax 30Hbl 061.eKTa,

I 0.02.1951 r. 61>IJIM rrepe.n;aH.bI M pa6oThI 110 CTPOMTeJibCTBY M 3KCnnyaTauJm JKe­

Jie3HOH JJ.Oporn lllanili - TyIIHKOBaH 3a npe.uerraMH 30H.bl. B CBH3H c 'JeM Ha

CTpOHTeJI.bCTBO TIJiaH11posancH 3aso3 .n;onoJIHMTeJI1>Ho 5000 t.IeJI. 3aKJIIO'leHH.bIX.

28

/. /llcmopu11 eopoiJa Capoaa

Ha MOMeHT rrepe.n:aq11 C-rpoHTeJibCTBOM narepH MIO CCCP rro cocTOHHIDO Ha 0 l IDOJIH 1953 r. KOHTHHreHT 3aKJUOqeHHbIX COCTaBJIHJI y)l{e 1805 qeJI. 113 HHX 405 )KeHmHH27.

lfucJ1eHHOCmb pa6omHUKOe 1946-1953 22.

KpIIBaH cooTHOlllemrn KOJIIf'IeCTBa 3aKJiroqeHHbIX B CTpOHTeJibCTBe Ha Q:ioHe o6ru.eii lJ:HCJieHHOCTH pa60THHKOB 3a rrepHOJl 1946-1953 rr. IlOKa3bIBaeT, qTo 3a­KJIJoqeHHbie COCTaBJIJUIH 2

/3 OT BCeM lJ:HCJieHHOCTH pa60THHKOB CTPOHTeJibCTBa. Bonpoc cou.11anbHo-.n:eMorpaQ:imecKoro cocTaBa nepBbIX CTPOHTenew o6neK­

ra N2 550 6blBlllHX 3aKJiro1leHHbIX CY-880 (585) B03HHK HecnyqaMHO. B npou.ecce nnaHOBOH pa6oTu1 O<I>HT H Y.[I; no ynopHJlO'leHHIO JIIf'IHbIX KapTOqeK Ha pa6oT­Hl1KOB CTPOHTeJihCTBa Bee yqeTHbie Q:iopMbI (a :no~ 14,5 Thie.) 6hIJIH pa3.n:eneHbl Ha 4 rpynilbI:

1. KapTOlJ:KH Ha BOJibHOHaeMHbIX pa6oTHHKOB CY, oTKOMaHJlHPOBaHHblX 27 anpenH 1946 r. B CTPOHTeJibCTBO c 3aBO.D.a N2 550 MCXM CCCP (Bcero 861 KapTOqKa);

2. KapTO'lKH Ha BOJibHOHaeMHbIX pa6oTHHKOB CY, npHHHMaBIIIHXCH Ha pa6oTy Ha npoTH)l{eHHH Bcero BpeMeHH cymecTBoBaHmr CrpoHTeJibCTBa (Bcero 6980 KapT01IeK);

3. KapTO'lKH tta 6bIBIDHX 3a1<.mo1IeHHbIX I1TJI "EP', npHHHThIX ITOCJie oc-so6o)l{.n:eHHH ITO BOJihHOMY HaMMY B CY (6512 KapTOl.JeK);

4. KapTolJ:KH Ha 6blBIIIHx 3aKJU01IeHHbIX MTJI "EP', HMeBUIHX cy.n:HMOCTH no cT.58 YronoBHoro Ko.n:eKca (YK) PC<I>CP (3HaMeHHTaH CTaThH 3a am11coBeT­CKyro arITTaU:HIO H KOHTPpeBOJIIOU.HOHHyro JJeHTeJibHOCTb), npHHHThie ITOCJie OCB0-60)KJ{emrn ITO BOJihHOMY ttaifMy B CY (353 KapT01IKH);

29

I. Hcmopu11 2opo0a Capoaa

BLIHCHHJIOCL, qTQ cnyxce6Hbie H Y'feTHble KapTOqKH lf>opMbI 2 H 2• Ha 6i.rn­IIIHX 3aKn10qeHH1>1x (rpynnLI 3 H 4) HaH6onee 06beMH1>1 no 1rn<1>opMau1-m.

OHM JIBJUflOTC.ll cneu:Hlf>Hqec1rn:M MaCCOBhIM HCTOqHHKOM, KOTOpbIH co.n.ep­)({HT lf>opMa.JIH30BaHH}'FO HHlf>OpMau:mo o!f>Hu:Ha.JihHOrO H JIHt.jHOro xapaKTepa. Co3JJ.aBa.JIHCL OHH Jm.ll orpa)({eHHH lf>aKTOB npHeMa, nepeMeru:emrn H yBoni.Hemur KOHKPeTHLIX JIHU, HX pa6oqeii ( CJ:Iy)((e6Hoii) .n.eHTenhHOCTH H 6Horpa<l>HH.

IlpeJKJJ.e Bcero, 3TH KaproqKH KOHUeHrpHpyIOT B ce6e COUHaJihHO­.n.eMorpalj>HqecKHe CBe.n:eHIDI 0 JIHI_\e: IlOJI, B03pacT, COUHaJILHoe npoHCXO)f(,lI.eHHe, npoqieccIDI, o6pa30Bamre, naprHIDIOCTb, ,lI.OJl)({HOCTH, MeCTa pa60Tbl H T.JJ.. ;

B TO)f{e apeMn 3TH HCTO'-IHHKH Hecyr Ha ce6e OTneqaTOK Tjl)!{eJIOro nepHo.n.a B HCTOpHH HarneH CTpaHbl - BOeHHOrO H nocneBOeHHoro BpeMeHH, ero oco6eHHO­CTeH. B HHX B HeKOTOpo.H CTeneHH OTpa)!(eHa )({H3Hh KOHKPeTHbIX mo.n.eM, 11 JJ.a)!(e cy.nL6hl onpe.n:eneHHhIX Karerop11i1 HaceneHHH.

Cno:>KeHHhre B o6LiqHoM noJIO)f(eHlrn nonoJiaM, B pa3BepeyTOM BHJJ.e KapToq­KH HMeIOT cl>opMaT A-4 c cl>HKcttpoBaHHbIM Ha6opoM rpa<l> JUI.ll 3arronHeH11.ll.

Cny:>Ke6HI>Ie KaproqKH ¢.2 H yqeTH1>1e KapTO'-IKH <l>.2" l!BJI.llIOTCJI <f>opMaM11 Ka.npoBoro yqera MB.D: CCCP. 06 3TOM CBH.UeTeni.cTByer peKBH311T - no.n.nHci. .n:omKHOCTHOro JTHUa, y.n:ocroBepHBrnero .n:aHHL1e JaHeceHHble B KapTo•rny. B cny­)({e6Hb1X KaproqKax 3TOT peKBH3HT co.n.ep)({HT HaHMeHOBaHHe .llOJl)!{HOCHI - 3TO JIH6o Haq. OK YMB.D: no o6nacrn, nu6o Haq_ OK qacrH H opratta MBJJ:, B yqer­HbIX KaproqKax - HHcneKTop or.n.ena Hai1Ma H yBoni.HeHHH HTJI "EP' (Koropoe .n.o 1953 r. TaK )({e OTHOCHnoci. K MBA CCCP).

B CBOIO oqepe.n.L MaCCHB cny)({e6HLIX KaproqeK ,lleJIHTCH Ha 2 pa3JIJ1t.jHbfe no CTHJIIO <PopMhl. OnHa H3 HHX, BHJlHMO, 6onee paHHl!JI BblIIOJIHeHa CTaphlM THIIO­rpa<l>cKHM mpH$TOM, H rpa<{>LI .lUIH 3anOJIHeHHJ1 (Bcero 26) B HeH pacnOJIO)({eHbl HeCKOJILKO HHaqe, qeM B JJ.pyroi1. B crapoi1 <t>opMe N!! 2 npeJJ.ycMoTpeHhl, HanpH­Mep, raKHe rpa<l>L1 KaK: rpaqia N!! 8 "Cocro.srn JIM s JJ.pyrnx napTHJIX" (HMeerc» a BH.n:y speMH, xorJJ.a B Pocc1rn: 6Lma cHcreMa MHoronaprHi1HocTH), N!! 14 - "Cny­)KRJI nH B aoM"cKax HJIH yqpe)({nemrnx 6e11LIX", N!! l 5 - "fTpo)({HBaJI nH Ha reppHTo­pi-m 6eJThIX", N!! 16 - "Ei.111 11.H y HHX B nnetty" H T.JJ. .. 3JJ.eCb )({e HMeeTCJI rpa<J>a N2 19 "KTo H3 poncTBeHHHKOB nonBeprancn perrpecc1rnM".

JJ:pyran <J>opMa 11.MeeT 18 rpacp H conep)({HT BOIIpOCb! 0 cny)({6e B KpaCHOH ApMHH, pa6ore B opramtx (BlJK, OrITY, HKBJJ:, HKrE) MBJJ:, yqacnrn B 6oHx, o paHeHHl!X 11. KOHTy3Hl!X.

CJiy)({e6tt1>1e KapTO'lKH <f>.2 np11MeHJ1Jiac& a Ka.n.poBOM yqere BOJibHOHaeMHblX - 6i.rnwHx 3aKJiioqeHHblX CY B nepHOJJ. c 1946 no l 949 rr. 3n1 <J>opMbl BH.llHMO nocrynam1 CIOJJ.a BMeCTe c .ll.PYrHMH. BHJlaMH MaTepHaJibHO - TeXHlt'leCKOro o6ec­neqeHHJI.

YqeTHbie KaproqKM cpopMbl 2• BHeWHJilM BHJJ.OM ttanOMHHalOT II03JJ.HIOIO CJiyx<e6eyio KapToqKy. Otttt 6burn BBenettbI B l 950 ro.n:y, .llBJijfJIMCh yqernoi1 cpop­MOH HMeHHO OT.lleJia Hai1Ma 11 yBOJILHeHmr HTJI "EP' CY-880, HMen11 19 rpa<P JlJl5!

3anonHeHHH. 3Ty lf>opMy OTJIM'laJOT OT npeJJ.bIJJ.YmMx rpa<l>Li: N!! 11 - "CseJJ.emrn o

30

Jll

.. /. Hcmopun eopooa Capoaa

cy.llffMOCTH", N!! 12 - "Korna OCBo6o>K)].eH Ii Ha KaKOM oeHOBaHHK'', a rnaBHOe rpa<l>a N2 7 - "IlapnrnHocTh B rrpolllJIOM". Ecm1 B rrpeJJ.hlJl.YlllHX <j>opMax .uattttbte cseneHIDI rrpe.urronaram1 Hanwrne rrapTHHHOCTH B HacTmnueM, TO 6bIBlli!ie 3aKJIJO­qeHHhie 6hIJIH see 6ecnapTHHHhIMH, T.K. npH apeeTe aBTOManNeexa HeKJIIO'laJIHeb H3 pH.UOB BKI1(6) HJIH BJlKCM. T.e MO)[{HO exaJaTh, 'lTO yqeTHM xapwqxa - :rro KapTO'lKa, npe.llHa3Ha'leHHM CITCUHaJibHO ,lJ)IH KaTeropHH BOJibHOHaeMHhlX - 6bIB­[UHX 3aKJJlO'leHHbTX l1TJ1 "Er".

06rueli OTJIH'lHTCJlhHOH t:(CpTOH KapTOt:(CK Ha 6bIBWHX 3aKJIIO'leHHhlX -BOJlbHOHaeMHhlX OT KapTOt:(eK, 3aBe)leHHblX Ha acex oeTanbHhIX pa6oTHHKOB CTpOHTCJJbCTBa, HBJIHeTcl! TO, tfTO rpa<Pa "Jlwrnoe .neno" 3.llCCh 3anoJJHeHa H co­)lep)KHT HOMep nwrnoro .uena, KOTopoe HMenoch B crreuoT.uene CY Ha Ka)K.UOro ocso6o.unslllerocH YI3 YITJl "Er' 3aKJTJOtfettttoro.

Bo Mttomx yqeTHhIX €}lopMax BHYTPH HMeroTeR H .upyme .uoKyMeHThl. l1x BH.llOBOH eocTaB O'lCHh nrnpox: errpaBKH 06 oeso6o>KJJ.CHHH, e MeCTa )l(HTeJTheTBa, no.UIIHCKH H ofonaTeJibCTBa 0 Hepa3rnameHHH roe. TaHHhl, Ta6eJTH BhlXO.Ua Ha pa-6ozy, paJJilf'lHhie nporryexa, ynocTosepeHaH, ITHChMa, 3anHeKH, 3aKJTIO'leH!iH, pa­nopTbI, xapaKTepHCTHKH, 06'hHCHHTeJihHhle, npHrOBOpbl cy.uoB, 3al!BJJeHl1H H T.n . .uoxyMeHThl. 3TH .llOKYMCHThl (TaM rne OHH HMCIOTCH) cymeeTBeHHO .nonoJTHHIOT CBe)leHYIH, co.uep)l(aJUHeCH B KapTOtfKax, H .UatOT npe.ueTaBJTCHHe B H3BeeTHOH eTe­neHH 0 ey.nh6e KOHKpeTHOro qeJJOBeKa H BpeMeHH, B KOTOpoe OH )1(11JJ.

Yt:(eTHhie <j>opMbI 3 11 4 rpynnhI 6bIJIH KJTaee1-1€}>11u11posaHhl B COOTBeTeTBHH e ocHOBHhIMH couHanbHo-ti.eMorpa<J!WieeKHMH noxroareJIHMH. KaprotIKH no.nsepr­JIHCh t:(aeTlf'lHOMY attanmy ,lJ)IJI Bbll!BJICHHH oeHOBHblX TeH,llCHUHH.

1. HauuouaJibHbIH cocTao 6hIBIDHX 3aKJTIO'leHH&rx MTJl "Er' .uoeTIHO'lHO

MHOroo6pa3eH Iii npeLI.CTaBJTCH npaKTHtfeeKH BCeMH HaUHOHaJihHOCTHMH 6hlBWero CoseTexoro C0103a OT a6ro1muea no UhJraH. 8&1.11.enHIOTeH: pyecK11e npaKTHtJeeK11 2/3 OT scero 4HCJia, yKpaHHUbl 19%, 6rnopyChl 3%, B MeHblllCM CTeneHH OT 2% .uo

I% - TaTapbI, 6onrapb1, MOJJ.11.aBaHe, Mop.usa Iii espeM. 2. Bo3pacT BeeM msecreH TOT <l>aKT, 'lTO B ro.llhI Bem1KoH OTe'leCTBCHHOH BOHH&I B JJ.e­

Morpa€}>WJeeKOH Kaprntte eTµa.Hhl noCTpa.11.an 1924 r.p. - MY>K'lHHhI Iii )l(eHI.UHHbl, KOTOpblM B nepeJIOMHOM 11 KpoBonpOJJHTHOM 1942 r. 6&mo no 18 JieT.

B ttaweH KapTHHe npeo6na.naeT 1928 r.p. - JJIO.llM, KOTop&IM a 1946 r. (TO)!(e csoero po.D.a OTnpasHal! T04Ka OTe'leTa) 6bIJIO TaK)!(e IlO 18 neT. B OT,IleJJbHOH 4 rpynne 6b1BWHX 3aKJIIOt:(eHHhlX, HMeBlliHX SJ.11.HMOCTH no CT. 58 YK PC<I>CP B03-paernb1e mlKH HaXO,UHeH B 1900, 1904 H B npoMe)!(yTKe 1909-1919 rr.

3. CouuanbHaH npuna)lJie'1CuocTb

OTttOCMTeJThHO :noro nyRKTa 6bIJUl H.ecne.uosaHhl yqeTHhre KapTOt:(KH 767"" nepc0Harr11H' no rpa€}laM N2 5 H N!.! 6 "CouHanhttoe npoHexo:>K.11.eHHe" (T.e. po)l(.ue­m1e B onpe.ueneHHOH COUHaJibHOH rpynne) H "COUMaJibHOe flOJTO)l(eH11e" (T.e. rrpirna.uJJe)l(HOeTb K onpe.D.eneHHOH eOUHllJibHQH rpynne Ha MOMeHT onpoea, B Ha­weM enyqae Ha MOMeHT apecTa). 3,lleeb nony'lHnaeb 04eHh MHTepecttaH TeH.ueH-

31

I. Hcmopu11 aopoiJa Capoea

mu1. lf3 COUHaJThHOH rpynnbl KpeCTb.SlH "no npOHCXO)({}lemno" OCTaJTHCb KpecTb.Sl­

H3.MH "no noJIO)({eHmo" JIHlllh 10 '%, 60JihWMI 11acTh KpeCTbj[H nepewJIH B Karero­

pmo pa6olJHX, HeCKOJihKO 'JeJIOBeK CTaJIH c11yJKalllHMH. CooTBeTcTsetttto KaTero­

p1rn pa6olJMX 3a cqer nepexona mo.new H3 .upyrnx couHaJThHhIX rpynn yseJIHLfH­

JIOCh npaKTHlJecKH e 2,8 pa3a. Cpem1 CJIYJKamHx reHnettUH» K yseJIHLfettmo 6011b­

llIM, qeM cpe,n:H pa601JHX 3,3 pa3a. BhI.lleJIJUOTC» TaK JKe e,nHHHUbI, OTHocamHecn

K BOeHHhlM H peMecJieHHHKaM •

CoomHOUJeHue COlfUaJ/bHblX 2pynn 8 npoucxo;J1COeHUU u 8 nono;J1CeHuu ··-~--

4. flapnlHHOCTb B KapTOlJKaX Ha 6bIBWHX 3aKJTIOGeHHhlX BblrJIH.llHT CJie­

.ll)IJOlUHM o6pa30M.

ClleAeHiHe'f 31%

32

6ln 52%

j

I. HcmopUR eopoiJa Capoea

fioBTop10cb: 3Tl1 naHHbie B KapTo'IKax cj>. 2• naioTCH e rpacj>e N!! 7 "flaprnw­ttoCTh e rrpolllJJOM". B CBH311 c ocy>KJJ.eH11eM JJIOJJ.11 "Mexam11.JecK11" Bbl6b1ean11 113 pilAOB napnm 11 BJIKCM, H Ha MOMeHT npe6hrnam1.11 B MTJI "Ef" Bee SIBJlllJIHCh 6ecnapndiHbIMH.

5. 06pa3osauue B AOKYMeHTax CY OTMe1.Jaercsi, '!TO ocHOBHOH KOHTHHreHT 3aKJJ10'!eHHhIX

iiBJUIJICll ManorpaMOTHoi1 11 HeKea.rmcj>HuHposaHHOH pa6011eli cIDioit B yl.JeTHbIX Kapro'!Kax Ha 6hJBlllHX 3aKJIIO'leHHhIX B rpa$ax N!! 8 u Nil 9 "06pa.30BaHue" "CneUHaJlbHOCTb no o6pa3oBaHHIO" B OCHOBHOM 3Ha'IHTCSI Ha'laJJhHOe o6pa30Ba­fll'le .uo 5 KJI., e p.i!.ue cnyqaee - AO 7 KJI. (Te, KTO 3aKOHl.JHJIH $a6pwrno - 3aBO­JlCKOe HJll1 peMeCJieHHOe y•mmnue H M:MeJIH HeKOTopyIO npocj>eccHOHaJJhttylO no.u­roTOBey ). B CBH3H c 3Tl1M OCHOBHaSI rpynna BOJlbHOHaeMHhlX 6bIBlllHX 3aKJIIO'l.eH­HbiX 3apa6aThJBaJia OT 300 Jl.0 500 py6. B MeCSIU - HeBh!COKaH 3apa60THaH nnara Ha

28 crpmneJihCTBe . Cpen1:1 6E.1Blll1:1x 3aKmoqeHHbIX, pa6oTaBlllHX Ha crpo11reJibcrse, 61>IJIH 11 Bbl­

coKOKsan11<t>11u11poeaHHb1e cnemtanHCThl. HMeIOTCH Kapro'l.KH Ha HH>Kettepos -crpo11Teneli Kycrnea B.A. 11 }l{yq11Ha ,U.H. B 3TOH Karerop1111 pa6orHuKoB 01uy­mancll OCTpblH Ae$HUl1T.

HapHAY c COUHaJJbHO-JJ.eMorpaq>H'leCKHMH IIOKa3aTeJIHMH cpeJJ.H BOJlbHOHa­eMHb!X 6hIBlllHX 3aKJII04eHHblX HeMaJJb!H HHTepec npeJJ.CTaBJJSIIOT cee.uemrn, Ka­CalOIIlHeCH HX cyAHMOCTH.

Beeb KOHTl1HreHT 3/K, Haxomrnwei1CH B l1TJ1 "El" HMeJl cym1MOCTl1 3a co­seprueHHhie npecryrrnemrn no CTa.ThHM YK PC<l>CP H Ap. pecny6n11K, a Ta.K>Ke no YKa3aM BC CCCP29

• H3 6223 KapTO'leK Ha 6blBIIIHX 3aKJIIOlJeHHblX, IlOJJ.Beprtty­TblX aHanmy no rpaq>e N!! 11 "Cee,neHHSI o cy.UHMOCTH", nonyqeHbI cneAyrom11e ceeAemrn:

Ha116cinee pacnpocrpaHeHHbIMH yronosHhlMH npecrynneHHHMH, cornactto KapTO'!KaM, HBJJHIOTCSI:

- aHTHcoeeTCKaH arnramrn (ACA) - er. 58 YK PC<l>CP, oHa )l{e CT. 54 -10 YK EenopyccKow CCP ill!H er. 66 Y36eKcKoi'i CCP or 5 JJ.O 10 ner 3aKJIIO'!eHHSI, 113 KOTOpb!X OT 2 JlO 5 neT nopIDKeHl1H B npasax, ripeAyCMaTpHBana 11 BbICIIIYIO Mepy HaKaJaHHSI - paccrpen30

);

- eo11HCK11e npeCTynneHHH: pacrpaH>KHp11eaH11e rpo<Peiittoro HMymecrea, 113bll.TOf0 y BOeHHOnJieHHb!X, y611i1CTBO nneHHbIX, Ae3epT11pCTBO, caMOBOJlbHaSI orny1.JKa, caMopatteH11e 11 T.Jl. - cr.193 YK PC<l>CP 11JIH cr.206 YK YKpal1HCKoi1 CCP (or 3 AO 10 Jier 11 e HeKorophIX cny'la11x c nopIDKeH11eM B npasax);

- xy1111rattcTso: ApaK11, HeueH3ypttasi pe'lh, atteKJJ.OThI H r.n. - cr.74 PC<l>CP (or 1,5 JJ.O 5 ner);

- Kpa'll<11: rocy.uapcTBeHHOro xne6a, KOJJX03HOro cKoTil - cr.162, 166 YK PC<l>CP (oT 5 AO 10 neT);

- y611ttcTBo 11 coyqacrne B HeM - CT.136, 137, 139 YK PC<l>CP (AO 7 JieT), CT.140 TOro >Ke KOJJ.eKCa - He3aKOHHOe a6opr11rpoeaH11e ( 4 fOJJ.a);

33

I. Hcmopu11 zopooa Capoea

- CT. I I 6 YK PC<t>CP - pacTpani (.uo 5 JTeT ), CT. I 69 YK PC<t>CP - MOlIIeH­HH'lecTBO H cneKyJTlIUIDI (5 JTeT);

MMeeTCH KaTeropIDI. 6h!BlIHIX 3aKJIJ-O'leHHhlX TaK Ha3hIBaeMhlX ''yK83HHKOB", T.e. mrua HMesurne cy.uHMOCTH no YKa3aM BC CCCP. l>oJihllntHCTBO M3 HHX (co­rnacHo KapTO'!KaM) MMeJIM cy.UMMOCTM no TpeM YK83aM: OT 07 asrycTa 1932 r., OT 26 .ueKa6pH I 94 lr. HOT 04 moIDI l 947r. J13 mrx:

YK83 OT 07 aarycTa 1932 roJJ.a "06 oxpaHe HMymecTBa roe. npe.unpHHTHH, -KOJIX030B H Koonepau1111 "yKperuieHHH o6meCTBeHHOH (COUHa.JIHCTH'IeCKOH) co6-CTBeHHOcn1" (TilK Ra3&IBaeMhle "KOJIOCKH") .uomKeH 6MJI cnoco6CTBOBaTh 6e3yc-,, JIOBHOMY BhmonHeHMJ-O XJie6oJarOTOBOK a cTpaHe. MepoH: HaKa3aHIDI 6hm pac­CTpeJI c KOHrpHCKauMeH MMyIUeCTBa, a HpH CM»Plal-Oill.MX o6CTO»TeJihCTBax - JIM­rneHHe cso6oJJ.M ea cpoK He HM>Ke 10 ner 11 .uo 3 neT nopIDKeHHH B npasax. Ilepe.u BOHHOH npHMeHeHHe YKa3a colIIJio Ha HeT, HO nocne ee 3aseprneHHH, B yenoBAAx pa3pyxH, rono.n:a, 3aCyxH l 946r. BHOBh pe3KO yseJIM'IMJIHCh CJTy'laH XHllleHMJI 3ep­Ha, XJie6a H JJ.pymx npo.n.yKTos31

•

B 1947r. sMecTO :noro YKa3a 6LIJI ITTJlaH YKa3 OT 04 HJ-OH» 194732 "06 yro­JIOBHOH OTBeTCTBeHHOCTM 3a XHllleHue roe. " o6meCTBeHHOro HMyruecTBa". B CT.1 '!aCTH I YK83a rosopID1oc1> 06 ycHJieHMH oxpaH1>1 JIM'lHOH co6CTseHHOCTH rpIDK­.uaH crpaHhl H yroJIOBHOM HaKa3aHuM 3a ero xuruettue. Mepoil: HaK83aHHH 6hrno 3aKJIJ-OlJ.eHHe B MTJI Ha cpOKM OT 5 JJ.O 25 JieT c KOHlpHCKauMeH MMymecTBa.

,ll;aHHbie KapTo'leK yqeTa CY-880 rosopRT o TOM, cpe.u11 6blsrnux 3aKJIJ-O'leH­HhlX - BOJihHOHaeMHhlX pa6oTHHKOB CY-880 "yKa3HHKoB" 6hmo B JlBa pa3a MeHbIUe, qeM yroJIOBHO ocy>K.D.eHHhlX:

l. Ilo CTilTh»M YK PC<t>CP H Jlpyrnx coJ-03HhlX pecny6nuK HMeJIM cyJJ.HMO­CTM 4144 t.J.e.n. (B TOM 'IHCJie u 353 'leJI. cy.uHMhlX no CT. 58 YK PC<t>CP)

2. "YKa3HHKaMH" .i!BJIJIJIHCh 2079 qen. B 60JihlllHHCTBe y'leTHhlX KapTo'leK B rparpe N2 12 octtosaHHeM )1)1» ocso-

6o>K.n,eHMH 3HatJaTCR "3aqeT1>1 pa60'lMX .UHeH ... ". OcTaHoBHMCR nOJlP06Hee Ha 3TOH 4JopMYI1MpOBKe, T.K. 6JTaro.n.apa eii 3aKJI1-0'leHHh1e ocso60>KJla.JIHCh paHee Ha3Ha­qeHHoro epoKa. CHcTeMa 3a"'leToB pa6o'lMX JlHeii np11MeHaJiaCh cpeJlH JaKJIJ-O"'leH­HhlX KaK O}lHH H3 cnoco6oB CTHMYJIHpoBaHHR IlOBhillleHHH np0113BO}lHTeJibHOCTH ux TpyJJ.a. B CY-880 3a aKTMBHoe yqacTHe B pauHoHanH3ai.rHM 1111306peTaTeJ1hCTBe Ha npOH3BO.llCTBe 3a'leThl pa60"'IHX .llHeii Ha'lHCJIJIJIHCh no BhICIIIeii lIJKaJie 3:0 (T.e. OllHH .n:etth 3a Tp11). 3a Hapyruemte >Ke npo1nBOJlCTBeHHOH JJ.HCUMilJIHHhl, nareptto­ro pe)l(HMa 3aKJil-O'leHHhle JIHillaJJHCh 3aqeTOB pa60'lHX JJ.Heii - B cpeJJ.HeM Ha 14 ,llHeH, 3a 11rpy B KapThl, He BhlXO.ll 11 OTKa3 OT pa60Thl - Ha 12 JJ.Heii33

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61>mo BhIHBJieHo, 'ITO 52% pecnoH.ueHTOB 6h!JIH ocy>K.n.eHhI Ha 5 JieT; 8,5% 6blBIIIHX 3aKJIJ-O'leHHbIX cy.uoM 6hlJIO Ha3Ha'leHO 6 neT; 14,5 % - HMeJIH cpOKH Me­ttee 4 JieT; 12% .uen»T Me)[{JJ.Y co6oii cpOKH OT I 0 .uo 7 JieT. Ilo KapTO'lKaM UOJJ.C'le­Tbl KOJilflleCTBa 3aC"'lHThJBaeMhfX pa60'lHX .!lHeH IlOKa3bJBaJ-OT cpeJJ.Hee 3Ha'leHMe B 1/4 !!!,

1/s !!! 'laCTh cpoKa. CooTBeTCTBeHHO H3 5 ner (Ha1160Jiee pacnpoCTpaHeHHhIH cpoK HaKa3amrn) JIJ-OJlM npM onpe.n.eneHHhlX yc.rios11ax 0T61>rnan11 3,5 roJJ.a

34

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/. HcmopuR eopooa Capoaa

3a rrepHOJl I 946-1953rr. no HCTeqeHHH cpoKOB HaKa3aHHll, no )l0Cp011HOMY ocso6o)l()leHHIO, c np11MeHeHHeM 3aLJeTOB pa6oLJHX )lHeii, 110 aMHHCTl1llM 6blJJO ocso6o>K.lleHo 113 J1TJ1 "I>f" (cornacHo JlaHHhlM .n:ena <\>oHJlOB CY) 13867 11en. 0MeHHO CTOJlbKO JlHLJHblX )leJI HMeJIOCb B Cl1eUOTJleJie CY

34 Ha OCB06omrnWHXCll

tl3 I1TJ1 "I>r'. MO>KHO CKa3aTh, LJTO JlHWb 110JlOBHHa 113 HHX (6865 'Ien.) OCTa­Jit!Cb pa6oTaTh B CY. KaKoBa cy.n1>6a OCTaJJhHhIX 6hIBlllHX 3aKJ11011eHH1>1x MTJI

"Sr'', Ha KOTOpblX HeT Y11eTHblX KapTOLJeK - HeH3BeCTHO? B HaLJaJJbHbIH 11epHO.ll, .no Mall 1947 r., KOrJJ,a eme He 6bIJ10 pe)f{HMHOH 30Hbl,

3aKJIIOLJeHHhie no OKOHLJaHHIO cpoKa HaKa3aHl1ll 6ecnpenllTCTBeHHO Bhie3)KaJIH K

nocTOllHHOMY MeC1)' >KHTen1>cTBa cornacuo .lleiicTByIOIUHM B CTPaHe 3aKottaM (HX o6ec11elfHBan11 OJle>K.uoii, 611JJeTaMH Ha pomrny). B pH.Ile cnyqaeB y 61>rnwHX 3a­KJ1t0lfeHHhJX, y61>rnaBlll11x B pa3JlHLJHble Mecra CoBeTCKoro C0103a, He 0T611pan11c1> no.unHCKH o Hepa.3rnaruen1111 rocy.IJ.apcTBeHHOH TilHHhl. B JlaJlbHeiiweM, no Mepe ycm1eHW! pe>KHMHbIX Tpe6oBaffliIM, OTHOilleHHll a)lMHHHCTpaum1 o6'beKTa c 6bJB­UUIMH 3/K HTJI "I>f", ocTasumMHCH Ha CTPOwreilbCTBe, CTaJlH 6onee CJIO>KHbIMH.

20 $eBpanll 1947 r. cornacuo nocrattoBJiemno CM CCCP (N!! 297-130cc/on OT 17.02.I947r.) B HTJI "I>r' 6blJlH nepeCMOTPeHbl COJlep>KaIUHeCll KOHTHHreHTbl. Co cTpo11Ten1>cTBa 61>1JI11 yJtaneHbl 3aKJI1011eHHhle, ocy){{)leHH1>1e no craTbHM Yro­JIOBHoro KO,lleKca (YK) PC<l>CP N!.!N2 58-1 "a'', "6" H "B"; 58 - 6; 58 - 8 H 58- 9' a TaK>Ke ocy>KJleHHbie Ha cpOKH Mettee 5 JieT, no)l.lle)f{aIUHX OCB060)l(J(eHHIO pa­Hee, 1.!eM 11epe3 3 rDJla, KaccaUHOHHHKOB H OCY)KJleHHblX, )lena KOTOpblX HaXO)lHTCll Ha nepecMOTPe. IlpeJlnonaraJioch BnpeJlb He .uonycKaTb uanpaBneHHH cIO.ua 3a­KJJIOLJeHHblX nepe'IHCJleHHblX Karerop11i1

35•

c 3aKJIIO'IeHHhlMH, HMeBlllHMH He60JiblllHe cpOKH H cpOKH eme OKOH'Iarenb­HO tteonpe.ueneHtt1>1e (1<accau110HHHKH), Bee npeJleJJhHO llCHO - CTPOHTeJlhCTBO

npe.unonaraJJo 6bITb He cKop1>1M 11 npo6neMbI c coKpamem1eM pa6o'!HX pyK (B Teqemte rrepBoro ro.ua pa6oTbl CY H3 3aKJ11011ettHH 61>mo ocso6m1<JleHo 362 'len.) OTBJleKanH OT OCHOBHOH .neHTeJibHOCTH.

MaJJewwaH ocse.noMJJeHHOCTh 3aKJ1tolJ.eHHb1x, 11Mesurnx cyJlHMOCTH no CT.

58, 110 MHeHHIO KOMnereHTHbIX rocy)lapcTBeHHblX opraHOB, rrpeJJ.CTilBJUIJla orrac­HOCTh mm o6ecrre'leHHH ceKpeTHOCTH o6'beKTa

IlepCOHamrn, KapTOLJKH Ha KOTOpb!X B npouecce y11opl1JlO'IHBaHHH BhlJJ.eJleHbl B 4 caMyIO MaJJO'IHCJleHHYIO rpynny (Bcero 353 qenoseKa), l1MeJJH cyJJ.HMOCTH no CT.58 - 10 YK PC<l>CP. 0HH He 11onanu no)l neH:crsHe 3Toro nocrauosneHHH H He 6burn BhJBe3eH1>1 co CTpo1nenhCTBa eme B nepHon csoero 3a1uuoqeHHll B HTJI "Er", a CMonrn OCB060.lll1TbCll H 3,lleCh )Ke npo.nOJI)KHTb pa6ory no BOJlbHOMY Hai1My. 0JlHaKO HX l1CTOpHll l1MeJia csoe npO.llOJI)Kem1e, 0 KOTOpoH peY.b noii.u;eT HH)Ke.

AMHHCTl1H 1948 r. ocJIOJl(HHJlH )KH3Hh Ha o6'beKre. B O.llHOM H3 oqepe.llHhlX

n11ceM nasna MHXaHJJOBHlJ.a 3epHOBa36

E.JI.BaHHHKOBY 3ByqHT 11poc1>6a BMe­IIJaThCll s .lleJIO 06 YJlaJiemrn m 30HhI 6bJBlllHX 3aIOJI011eHH1>1x. JJ,o :noro B 1947 r. 113 npeJJ,eJIOB o6'beKTa H 30Hhl 6hlJlH OTCeJJeHbI see JlHUa, HMeBume B npolllJIOM

35

I. /!fcmopuR eopooa capoea

cy.ZUIMOCTh HJIH JJ.pyrne KOMnpoMen1py10lll,He HX .uaHHbie (cpeJJ.H MeCTHOro Hace­neHHll fa.urn BblllBJieHbl CBblUie CTa qeJIOBeK aHTHCOBeTCKOro 3JieMeHTa: 6bIBUIHe KyJiaKH, ToproBUbl, IlOTibl, MOHax11)

37. flpoxrn:BaHHe 3Tl1X JIHU Ha 06"beKTe IlO CO­

o6pa)f(eHHllM pe)f(HMa ceKpeTHOCTH 61:,rno HC)KeJiaTeJibHblM 38•

Il.M.3epHOB OTMe'lan, 'ITO HCKOTOpoe BpeM.IJ Ha o6oeKTe 6brna 3.ll.OPOBall o6CTaHOBKa. 0JJ.HaKO JJ.eno H3MeHHJIOCh KOpeHHhIM o6pa30M B xy.z:uuyio cropoH)', Ha'fHHM c anpenn 1948 r. Ocso6o)f(.naeMbIX 113 3aKJIIO'feHHll, cornacHo yKa3aHHHM

-MBA CCCP, CTpOHTen1>cTso cTano OCTaBJUITb s Ka'lecTBe son1>HOHaeMH1>1x39

. Co­CTaB JIHU B 30He CTaJI 6onee onacHbIH H Hetty)f(Hb!H H B HeCKOJibKO pa3 60JihllJe, 'leM JJ.O BhICeneHHll (B ceHTll6pe 1948 r. B CTPOHTeJihCTBe BOJihHOHaeMHhIMH pa6o­TaJIO 2000 61>1BII1Hx 33KJIIO'ICHHhIX). K 3TOMY BpeMem1 Ha o6oeKTe y)l{e 6hIJIH pa3-BepH)'ThI Bee OCHOBHbie pa60Tbl, a B CBH3H c TaKOH o6cTaHOBKOH cepw3HO 803-pocna onaCHOCTb .ll.JIH JJ.CJJa, paCIIIHpHJIHCh CBH3H 6bIBUll1X 33KJJIO'ICHHblX c Hace­JICHHCM, OHH cTaJIH 3HaTb 06 o6oeKTe 6onhwe. Ilo YKa3aHHIO Ha'laJibHHKa CY-880 AHHcKosa BacHJIHll HsaHOBH'la 6apaKH, nepeo6opyJJ.oBaHHbie no.n )KHJibe .ll.JIH pa6otJHX o6"beKTa, 6bIJIH 3aceneHbl 6hIBIIIHMH 33KJJIO'feHHbIMH, pa60TalOlllHMH B KaqecTse BOJihHOHaeMH1>rx Ha CTPOHTeJibCTse40. Co3JJ.aJIOCb cosepmenHo HeBhIHO­CHMOe nOJIO)l{ettt1e c )Kl1JiheM. Ilp11exasm11x pa60'll1X c ceMbHMH pacCeJillTb CTaJIO HerJJ.e. CpeJl11 ocso6o)KJleHHhlX 113 narep» 11 cso6oJlHO npoxnrnaiom11x s nocenKe MHOro 6bIJIO xy1rnraHCTBa, BOpOBCTBa, rpa6e)l{eH, 6bIJIH cnyqa11 y611HCTB.

B 06m:ecTseHH1>1x Mecrnx noCTOHHHO Ha6JI10Jlan11ch TonnhI 6hrnm11x 3aKJI10-'ieHHhIX. HayqH1>1e H HH)l{eHepHo-TexHn'lecKHe pa6oTHMKl1 o6oeKTa HeOJlHOKpaTHO CTaBMJIM sonpoc nepeJJ. aJ{MMHHCTPaUHeH 06 m6asneHHH l1X OT TaKOro 0Kp~e­Hl1H 6bIBllJHX 3aKJI10lJeHHblX H C03JJ.aHHH HOpMaJibHOH o6CT3HOBKH

41•

Ha OJlHO H3 nepBbIX nw:ceM Ilasna MMxai1noBM'fa no 3TOMY sonpocy OTBeTHJI AspaMMH IlaBJIOBH'I 3aseH»rHH - 3aMecTMTeJib E.JI.BaHHMKosa. OH coo6mHn, 'ITO CY He MO)l{eT ocso6oJJ.MTb 6apaK11, a sonpoc 06 w:cnonb3osaHttH 61>IBII1HX 3aKJI10-

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Bonpoc 6hrn peweH 14.07.1949r. IlocrnHoB.i1eH11e CM CCCP .N2 3071 -

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HJIH COTPY.llHH'laBllJl1X c lf>awttcTcKl1MH oKeynaHTaMH, B Aan1>CTPOH MBA CCCP .llJIH pa6oTbl B Ka'leCTBe BOJ!bHOHaeMHblX. c HMMH 3aKJIIO'laJIHCb .uorosopa (TPYAO­Bble cornallleHMH) cpoKOM Ha 2-3 ro.ua.

Ha MecTe wrn 3TOW KaTeropu11 JJJO.Uew npeJJ.nonaranocb co3Jl3Th HOpManb­HbJe ycnoBMll pa60T1>1 M 61>1Tosoro o6cJJJ)l(HBaHMH, HapasHe c ycnoBHllMH, cymecT­syioIUMMH .ll.Jlll Jlpymx BOJJbHOHaeMH&JX pa6oTHl1KOB AanhCTPOH. PaccemrnMcb

36

JI

I. l!fcmopuR 2opoaa Capoea

6bIBI11He 3aICJil04eHHbie KOMITaKTHO M B o6oco6neHHOM MeCTe, npH '.}TOM J:(OJDKHa

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tte CTpoHTeJibCTBa N!! 585.

KpoMe :noro, npenycMaTpHBaJIHCh onpe11:eneHHb1e MephI M B OTHollleHHlf

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pos CCCP43

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peTHOCTb.

CornacHo ITYHKTY 4 :noro TiocTaHosneHHH scex 6bIBWHX 3aKJ11-0qeHHhIX, cy­

JU!BIUHXCH Ja .upyrne rrpecrynneHHH, He nonna11:aromHX no11: KaTerop1m, nepel!HC­

neHHbie B CaMOM Haqane, OCTaBHJIH B CTpOHTeJibCTBe. 113 HHX cpopMHpOBaJIH

CTpOHTCJlbHhIC KOJIOHHhl H OTPH.llbl 'IHCJICHHOCTb!O OT 300 JlO 1000 'ICJT. BO rnase c

oqrnuepaMH MB)];.

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s CY o6beKTa nonamf no.a 11:eH.cTBHe .upyroro nyHKTa Toro )!{e TioCTaHosnenw11.

Ha4aJibHMKaM B.cex no.uo6HbIX crpoMTeJibCTB npe.uocTaBHJIH npaso HanoJKeHMH

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CTpOliKax.

03.07.1950 Ha HMH Jl.TI.I>epHH OT ynonHoMOlleHHoro CM npH KE-II npH­

uma oqepeJJ.Ha.H .uoKJ1a.uHa.H JanHcKa. B Heli coo6manocb, 'ITO B pe3ynbTare nosce­

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Hbie ycnomrn. B BblXOJlHbie .UHH see 06mecTBeHHb1e MeCTa, ynHUbI, nnmKH, nee,

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KE-11.

c ueJTblO co3namrn HOpMaJibHblX ycJTOBHH .IJ)1H pa60Thl H OTJlbJXa pa60THH­

KaM KI>- I I ynonHOMOYeHHhlH CM B llaCTHOCTH npe.1I)laran:

37

I. HcmopuR 2opooa Capoaa

1.0rMeHHTb n.4 TiocnrnoBJTeHIUI H BbIBe3TH Bcex 6b!BUUIX yroJIOBHblX npe­C"fYilHHKOB c reppHTop1111 KE-11 Ha TilKHe pe)l(HMHbie CTPOHKH, rne HX MO)l(HO pa3MeCTHTb H 11cnoJib3oBaTb Ha pa6oTe 6e3 KOHTaKTa c COTPYJlHHKaMH oco6bIX o6i.eKTOB.

2. TipH HeB03MO)l<HOCTH BblB03a HCKJIIOqHTb B03MO)l(HOCTb KOHTaKTHpOBaHHH oceo6onHBlIIHxcn 113 JaKmoqemrn c COTPYJlHHKaMH o6i.eKTa ll)'TeM C03)laHHH B pe)l(HMHOH 30He oco6oro nocenKa 11 eBe)leHHH B cymeCTsy10m11x HbIHe OTP».llax lfCeCTKoro pe)l(HMa44

.

PeanITTaLurn Bb1weynoMllttyToro noCTitHoBJieHHH ITpaBHTeJihCTBa O°f' 14.07.1949 HaxO)lHT ceoe IlO)lTBep)l()leHHe B KapTOqKax Ha 6bIBIDHX 3aKmoqeH­HblX. B rpalf>e N2 20 "Cee)leHHll o pa6oTe" 6blJIO yJleJieHo BHHMaHwe naHHhIM o npuqHHe H BpeMeHH YBOJlbHeHH.H qeJIOBeKa. IlpH HX H3yqeHHH npOl!BJIReTCH cne­.!lYIOlllall TeH,lleHUHH: c 1949 r. no 1951 r. 6b!BUIHe 3aKJIIOT.JeHHbie yBOJlbHllJIHCb B cBH3H c Bb1e1noM e Mara.naH, 1952 r. - B CommaMCK, c 1952 r. no I 953 r. - no co6cTBeHHOMY lfCeJiaHHIO, B CB.H3H c Bhie3)lOM Ha ponHHY HJIH 3a Hapyweu11e TPY­.llOBOH JlHCUH11JIHHh1, c I 954 - no c0Kpamett11ro WTaTa. ·cpeJlH lf>opMyJIHpoeoK npuqHH yeoJibHeHlill HMeIOTC» H TilKHe KaK "Oc~neHHe". HeKOTopr,1e OhlBIIIHe 1aKJI10qeHHb1e - pa6oTHHKH CTpo1neJibCTBa noJiy4anH cpoK BHOBb. 0HH cyn11-JIHCb cneuHaJihHhIM narepHblM cy.llOM 11Tn "EP' 3a npecrynneHHll, coeepweHHble no Mecry pa6oTbI (CY-880) 11 IlJ>O)l(HBaHHH (noc.Capoe)45

•

Cee.neHHH, co.nep*am11ecn B KapToqKax, roeopnT o TOM, <rro BOJibHOttaeM­HLie - 6Lrnlirne 3aKJ1101ieHHb1e HTn "Ef" B rrepHO.ll c l 949 no 1952 rr. oTceJI.H­JIHCb B ,lJ;aJibCTPOH (r. Mara.naH Xa6apOBCKOI'O Kpan) H COJIHKaMCK. no .naHHblM HCTO'IHHKOB (yqeTHbIM KapTO'IKaM 11 rrpHKa3aM CY Bhl»BJTeHo qeTblpe 3Tarra oTCe­nemll!.:

- nepBbIH, B KoHue aerycrn 1949 r. - cornacHo rrpHKa3y OT 13 ceHrn6pn 1949 r. N!l 454 (OH CO)lep)l(HT IlOlfMeHHblH CilHCOK BOJibHOHaeMHbIX pa6ocrnx) B MaranaH y6hrno 237 qenoeeK (e TOM q11cJie 14 'lenoeeK, y6h!BaIOlllHX KaK qneHbl ceMbH46

•

- ernpoti, B aeryCTe I 950 r. TipHKa3br OT 25 aBJ)'CTa I 950r. N2 534, N!! 536, N!! 537 COJJ.ep)l(aT oqepe)lHOH IlOHMeHHblH CilHCOK y6hIBaIOIUHX B ,[(aJihC~OH Ha 418 'leJIOBeK (B TOM 'IHCJie Ha 44 qeJIOBeKa, y6bIBaIOUUfX KaK qJieHbl ceMbH) 7

•

- TpeTHH, 6b1Jl JieTOM 1951 ro.na H CTIL1 caMbIM KpynHbIM. B ,[(aJibCTPOH OT­npaBHJIH 618 qeJIOBeK (B TOM <tHCJie 36 qenoeeK KaK qJieHbl ceMhH)48

. TipHKa3bl OT I0.07.1951r. N2 532 H N2 533 TilK lfCe conep)l(aT noHMeHHbJe cn11CKH y6hrna10m.Hx.

- qeTBepTblH, B MapTe 1952 r. B CoJIHKaMCK Ha CTPOHTeJihCTBO MB,D; IlJ>HKa-30M OT 12.03.1952 r. N2 126 6b1JIO "oTKOMaH.nHpoeatto" eme 284 'IeJioBeKa (B TOM •rncne 1 l qenoeeK KaK qneHbl ceM1:.11)49

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B OKTH6pe I 952 ro)la npaKT11Ka OTnpaBKH 61:.1ewHx 1aKJII04eHHhlX BOJibHO­HaeMHhIX CY-880 Ha .npyrne CTPOHTeJibCTBa MB,[( 6hrna rrpeKpameHa.

27 MapTil 1953 BhlllleJI YKa3 BC CCCP 06 aMHHCTHH. B 3TOM )l(e ro.ny 3a­KJ110'leHHhIX Ha CTPOHTeJihCTBe cMeHHJIH eoeHHhle CTpOHTeJihHbJe 6aTaJibOHhI, TaK

38

JI

/. HcmopuR aopoaa Caposa

t1a3bIBaeMbie "crpoii6a101". Ho cMeHa npomoIIJJia Henonmm - apxHBHbie JlOK)'­MelffbI roBopn o pa6oTe Ha o6beKTe 3aK1IIQqeHH1>IX H B 1954 r.50

BoT TaK cnm1rnnacb X<ITTHh H cy)lb6a nepB1>1x CTPOHTeneM: Hamero ropo.a.a H

nepBoro B crpaHe .llJlepHoro 11eHTa - 6oIBIDHX 3aKJIJOqeHHbIX. TpyJl 3THX JUO)leH t1enpHXOTJJHBbIX K 6hITOBblM ycJJOBIDIM 3aCJIYJKHBaeT BC.llqecKoro YBIDKeHHH H

naM.llTH. B 3aKmoqemi:e xoqeTCH Bhipa3HTb 6naroJlapHOCTh ttaqanbHHK)' oT.nena cpoH-

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HauttoHaJJhHOCTb 61>IBIDHX 3aKJUOqeHHbIX MTJI "I>r''

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, 13 Harai!:UbI 1

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39

I. HcmopuR 2opooa Capoaa

Kom14eCTso pa60THMKOB CY-880 (585)

fOJlbI 3/K BOeHHOCJiy- B0;1hHOHaeMHble Bcero )l(amwe BClJ oa6oTHHKOB

1945 ro.a 0 0 0 0 HOB6m. 1946 ro.a HeH3BeCTHO 0 HeH3BeCTHO 11500 1947 ro.a 10098 0 4040 14138" 1948 ro.a HeH3BeCTHO 0 HeH3BeCTHO 15000 1949 ro.a 4300 0 I-IernsecrHo 8200 1950 ro.a 9300 0 HeH3BeCTHO 13200 1951 roJl HeH3BeCTHO 0 He~l3BeCTHO HCH38CCTHO 1952 ro.a HeI13BecTHO 0 HeH3BeCTHO HeH3BecTHO 1953 ro.a 1805 0 HeH3BCCTHO HeH3BeCTHO M8H 1954 ro.a HCH3BeCTHO 3835 3962 7797 1955 ro.a HCH3BeCTHO 0 HeH3BeCTHO HCH3BeCTHO 1956 ro.a HeH3BeCTHO Heli3BCCTHO Hel13BeCTHO Heli3BeCTHO

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r 011 00)1(.JeH!rn Ko.~-so 'lenoseK f Oil pm!UCiilill Ko.1-so qe,100eK 1889 ro11 0 1913 rQJl 92 1890 ro11 2 1914 J'OJl 108 1891 ron 1 1915 r0.il 102 1892 ro.11 2 1916 f'O)l 99 1893 roll 4 1917 f'O.ll 78 1894roJt 3 1918 rQ)l 125

. 1895 fOll 5 1919 f'O.ll 106 1896 f'Oll 4 1920 ro..u 103 1897 ro.u 9 1921 f'O.ll 110 1898 f'O.il 8 1922 f'O.il 124 1899 f'O.ll 20 1923 f'O.ll 145 1900 ro,1 3 l 1924 roll 206 1901roJt 23 1925 ro.ll 227 1902 f'O.ll 40 1926 ro.ll 275 1903 fO.D. 35 1927 ro,ll 344 1904 f'Oll 51 1928 ro11 447 1905 fO.Ll 54 1929 ron 128 1906 f'O)l 47 1930 fO)l 49 1907 f'O.ll 51 1931 f'Oll 44 1908 ron 62 1932 ro.u 24 1909 fO.ll 71 1933 f'O)l 6 1910 ron 81 1934 ro;~ 2 1911 f'Oll 87 1935 ro.u 3 1912 ro.u 84 1936 ron 0

Cse)leHHH HCT 7 11Toro o6c'IHTaHO KapTO'leK 3729 (H3 6865)

40

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[ O.ll poiKJ].emrn Ko;l-BO c1enoseK I 0.11 pOiKJ].eHMll Kon-Bo qenoBeK 1889 ro.11 0 1913 ro.11 19 1890 ro.11 0 1914 ro.n 18 1891 ro.n 0 1915 ro.n 17 1892 ro.u 0 1916 ro.n 9 1893 ro.u 1 1917 ro.n 16 1894 ro.n I 1918 ro.n 19 1895 ro.n 2 1919 ro.11 15 1896 ro.n 3 1920 ro.11 9 1897 ro.u 4 1921 ron 6 1898 ron 6 1922 ro.n 11 1899 ron 4 1923 ro.n 12 1900 ro.u 14 1924 ro.n 11 1901 ron 5 1925 ro.n 3 1902 ro.n 10 1926 ro.n 2 1903 ro.n 12 1927 ro.11 4 1904 ron 14 1928 ro.n 2 1905 ro.n 4 1929 ro.11 0 1906 ron 7 1930 ro.u 0 1907 ro.n 11 1931 ro.u 0 1908 ro.11 14 1932 ro.11 0 1909 ro.u 19 1933 ro.u 0 1910 ro.11 17 1934 ro.11 0 1911 ro.u 18 1935 ro.n 0 1912ro.n 14 1936 ro.n 0

CaeneH11i1 HeT 0 J-horo o6C'111TaHO ICapTO'leK 353 (113 6865)

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41

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YicaJ OT ••• Kon-Bo LJenoeeK Yica1 OT ••• Kon-Bo LJeJioBeK 07.08.1932 201 26.06.1946 2 28.04.1940 2 04.06.1947 602 04.06.1940 I 07.06.1947 l 26.06.1940 ll 04.07.1947 15 26.12.1940 . I 06.07.1947 5 09.04.1941 3 07.04.1948 3 26.04.1941 l 04.06.1948 2 26.06.1941 70 . 28.10.1948 I 26.07.1941 I 04.06.1949 I 26.12.1941 525 04.01.1951 1 15.04.1942 0 14.07.1951 I 23.06.1942 6 07.08.1952 I 02.05.1943 1 no Yica1y ,_ 618 07.07.1945 2 11roro o6C'!HTaHO KaPTO'!eK 2079 (HJ 6865)

42

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Mettee 4 JJeT 552 CBe)lCHHH HeT 172

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r. <1>oH.n. MY "Apx11a r.Capos" H cnpasKM Ha'laJJbHHKa 1p11HOTlleJJa KE-11 OT

7 r. no pac'leTY pa6c11nbl no o6beKTY Il.M.3epttosa (O<l>HT M YlJ. l)>.1 on. IBM cc.44-45)

27.08.46 23.04.194

rti;~~~:o 4 Y'ieHbIH-s P<1> JIU, -

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OCTpOMTeJJbHblH 3aBOll N2 550 (HapKOMMfillla, HKE) MCXM CCCP B 1939 r. 6i,m BaH, a B roni,1 Ben111<0w OTe'leCTBeHHOH BOHHbl M .no 27 anpem1 1946 rr. ycnenmo Hposan Ha Teppmop011 noc. Capos TeMHMKOBCKoro paiioHa MACCP. Ha HeM

HJJMCb KpHBOIIHlnHble npecci,1 XOJJOllHOH IIITaM[]OBKH, apeCCbl - HO)l(HMUbl Ml! aTypttoro )f(eJJe3a, HO rJJaBHOe KOpnyca .pyracHO-OCKOJIO'IHblX CHapl!JlOB KaJIM6pa <l>Jll.l, - BHHH.3C!> O<t>HT 11 Y .LI. <l>. l on.1B11 e.u.xp.491 cc;20 - 21 ).

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43

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7 CY-880 rJJaanpOMCTpO}) MB,Q CCCP 1946 - 1949rr.; CY-585 fJJaanpOMCTpO}) MBJJ: (c 1955 - MCM) CCCP 1949-I960rr.; YKC KE-11 5 fJJasHoro ynpaBJieHlrn MCM CCCP 1960-1969 rr., YC- 909 II fJJaBHoro ynpasnemrn MCM CCCP 1969-1992rr., CaposcKoro ~011TeJihHO-IIp0MhllliJJeHHOro aKUHOHepHoro o6ruecTBa CCnAQ J 992-2000rr. 8 Cl>oH..ll N2 5 MY "Apx.11s r.Capos" H qioH..ll N2 l O<l>HT11Y ,Q <t>rYTI P<1>5IU - BHl1l13<1>. 9 l1cnpas11TeJJhHO-Tpynosol1 nareph (11TJ1 "Er"} CY-880 (585) MB,Q CCCP s 1953 r. 6w1 nepe11att YnpasneHHIO 11TJI EenoropcKoe MIO CCCP. 01.08.1956 r. apx11s 11TJ1 "Er' 6hm nepenatt MTJI "!)f" - 3 MBJJ: CCCP, KOTOphli1 s csoio oqepellh 6hrn pacqiopM11posatt no pemem1io MocKOSCKOH KOMl1CCHH MB,Q s 1958 r. (11CTop11qecK11e cnpaaK11 YC-909 3a 1946-1985rr. 11Hs. A-40 11cn, A-1170 c; rr11cLMO Haq. 0<1>HT11Y,Q BHl1113<1> o'r 29.05.1992 r. Haqa.rrhHHKy 11mpopMaUHOHHoro ueHTa YBJJ: H11}Keropo11cKoi1 o6n. Eonhrno­sd' JI.H.) 1 Be110McTBeHHoe H31lam1e "ATOMHbiti npoeKT CCCP ... " KH. 6 cc.121 -122. 11 Ony6JJHKOBaHhI s 1986 r. 1: MY Apx.118 r. Capos <I>.5 on. Inc eJl.Xp.1 n. 2. "c 26.04.46- 06.06.47, na.rree Ha'laJJbHHK ynpasneHH}) HTJI 11 CY-880 (1949 r. - CY-585) HH}KeHep-noJIKOSHHK AHHCKos B.11. 06.06.47 - 17.11.52, Ha'lanbHHK ynpasneHH}) HTJI 11 CY-585 rJJasnpOMCTpOH MB,Q CCCP noJJKOBHHK B11os11H n.<1>. 17.11.52 - 07.05.54. 14 Pct>5IU- BHl1113<1> Oct>HT H Y .n: qi. I on. l11on e11.xp.85 JJ.30 -15 MY Apx1rn r. Capos qi.5 on. Inc e11.xp. l JI. I 16 P<1>5IU- BHH.113<1> O<l>HT H Y .LI. qi. I on. I nc(non) e11.xp.256 - 257 17 B ceHrn6pe 1943r. s Capose 61,rna op1att113osatta lleTCKM Tpy11osM KOJJOHllH ()J.TK) HKB.[{ MACCP llJI}) HecoseprneHHOJieTHHX. BecHoll 1946r. ee socnHTaHHHKOs nepesen11 s npyroe MeCTo (Pct>5IU - BHl1113<1> O<PHT 11 Y .LI. cf>. I on. I Bii en.xp.491 cc.20 - 21, Be· .llOMcrneHHoe H31latt11e "ATOMHLIH npoeKT CCCP ... " KH. 6 cc. 121 - 122) 18 P<1>5IU- BH11113<P O<PHT HY .n: <I>. I on. 11111 e.ll.xp.307 cc.15 - 16 19 MY ApxHs r. Capos cp.5 on. Inc ell.Xp.1 n.148 20 PcI>5IQ- BHl1113<1> O<l>HT 11 Y .n: <I>. I on. le e.11.xp.3 nn.14 - 15. 21 MY Apx11B r. CapoB c!>.5 on. Inc e.n.xp. l 11.72, 88 22 BenoMCTBeHHoe H31laH11e "ATOMHb!H npoeKT CCCP ... " KH. 6 cc. 206 23 l1crnp11qecKM cnpaB1<a YC-909 3a 1946- 1985rr. OT 12.12.1991 HHB. A- 40 .ncrr n.17 24 MY Apx11s r. Capos <I> 5 on.Inc en.xp.6 n.424, en.xp. 7 11.231 · 25 BelloMcTseHHoe H31laHl!e '·ATOMHbIH npoeKT CCCP ... " KH. 6 cc. 4 71 26 Be.llOMCTseHHoe H31laH11e ''ATOMHbIH npoeKT CCCP ... " KH.4 cc.738 27 l1CTop11qecKa}) cnpasKa YC - 909 Ja 1946 - 1985rr. oT 12.1_2.1991 HHS. A - 4011cn 11.20 28 BenoMCTBeHHoe H3.llaH11e "AroMHbIH npoeKT CCCP ... " KH. 7 cc. 148- 149, :

9 l1CTop11'leCKM cnpaBKa YC-909 3a 1946- 1985rr. OT 12.12.1991 HHS. A-4011cn n.17 ~o MY ApxHB r. CapoB <I> 5 on. Inc ell.xp.2 n.129 , 1 )J{ypHan "OTe'lecTBeHHLie apxHBbI", 1992 N2 2, - c. 20 - 31. ~= l1MeeTC}) B MY Apx11s r. Capos cp 5 on. I JJC e11.xp. 7 JJJJ.153 - 154 ~,MY Apx11s r. Capos <I>.5 on. Inc e.n.xp.29 11.201, 205, 213, 216 '

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44

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/. HcmopuR eopooa Capoaa

J9 EcJJH npoaeCTH pa6ory no BblllBJJCHHJO .uaT 3aae.ueHH» KapTO'ieK HJIM .llaT nocrynneHH» tta pa6oTy s CY cpe.u11 rpynn 6MBlllHX 3aKJJJO'ieHHhIX.. TO MOJKHO .uocTaTO'iHO TO'iHO yCTa­ttoBHTh ro.uosoe KOJJJ1'iCCTBO OCB060lK.llaBllll1XC» 3aKJJJO'ieHHbIX 11TJ1 "Ef", nocTyn11BlllHX tta pa6oTy a CY BOJihHOHaeMHhIMH. 40 Q<IJHT 11 Y}l <llfYIT P<ll51U- BH.11113Cl> Qi. I on. laH e.u.xp.371 cc. 192 - I 93. 41 Be.uoMCTSCHHoe H3.UaHHe ·'ATOMHhili npoeKT CCCP ... " KH. 6 cc. 524- 525, 42 Q<t>HT 11 Y}l <llfYIT PcI>>IU- BHl1113Cl> <jJ.1 on. I BM e.u.xp.371 cc.192- 193. 43 c J 946r ynonHOMO'iCHHbIM CM CCCP npH KE - I I Ilaanoa H..H., a I 950 r. -B.H.JleTHeB. 44 Be.uoMCTSCHHOe H3.llam1e "ATOMHhIH npoeKT CCCP ... " Ktt. 7 cc. 148- 149, 45 J1HTepec npe.ucraan»CT 11m]lopMaUMll amUI113a cnpaaoK 06 ocao6olK.lleHMH B KaPTO'iKax tta 6b!SlllHX 3aKJJJO'iCHHhIX. HeKOTOpb1e 3aKJJJO'iCHHhie OT6hIBaJIH HaKa3am1e s .HTJl "EP' no 2 pa3a. 46 MY Apx11s r. Capos qi.5 on. Inc H)l.xp.23 nn.238 -239 47 MY Apx11s r. Capos <]i.5 on. Inc e.u.xp29 n.272 - 276, 280 - 28 I 48 MY ApxHs r. Capos <]i.5on.lnce)l.xp.37 nn.353 - 371 49 MY Apx11s r. Capos <jJ.5on.l11ce.il.Xp.4l nn.242- 249 50 ITpHKa3 Ko - 11 N!! 1691 nc oT 02.1o.1 954r. s1 HcropH'iCCKM crrpaarn YC - 909 A - 40.ucrr 11.15 - I 7, 22 - 24 52 B KapTO'iKax noMCTKa "no YKaJy'' 6e3 pacinm!>posKH H yKruaH11» Ha .uaTy.

45