Ahantu 15 mu gihugu buri Munyarwanda akwiye gusura nibura rimwe mu buzima

Yanditswe kuya 30-06-2015 na Munyengabe Murungi Sabin

U Rwanda rumaze kwigaragaza mu ruhando rw’amahanga nk’igihugu cy’ubwiza n’uburanga kamere, gitatswe n’imisozi miremire n’ahantu nyaburanga higanjemo ibibaya n’imisozi myiza, inzuzi, imigezi, ibiyaga, amashyamba n’ibindi byizanyaburanga bitandukanye.

Abanyarwanda ubwabo ndetse n’abagenderera u Rwanda hari ahantu nyaburanga bakwiye gusura kugira ngo barusheho kumenya no gucengerwa n’ibyiza bituma iki gihugu gikomeza

kuba imparirwa kurusha. Bimwe muri ibi byiza kandi, bigaragaza ko iki gihugu cyihariye.

Nyamara ariko, umubare munini w’abasura ibyiza nyaburanga bitatse u Rwanda ni abava hanze y’igihugu ndetse ni nabo bagaragaza ko bafite inyota nyinshi yo kumenya no gushaka kuvumbura ibihishe mu misozi y’iki gihugu.

Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Abinjira n’Abasohoka cyatangaje ko abasuye igihugu biyongereyeho 9%

bakava ku 1 122 000 mu 2013 bagashyika 1 220 000 muri 2014.

Iyi mibare kandi igaragaza ko muri aba bagendereye u Rwanda umubare munini wari abakerarugendo. Ubwiganze bw’abanyamahanga basura ibyiza nyaburanga by’u Rwanda

buri ku gipimo cyo hejuru ugereranyije n’Abanyarwanda ubwabo bakora ubukerarugendo.

Kugira ngo umunyamahanga yemerewe gusura ingagi mu birunga, yishyura amadorali 750 mu gihe Umunyarwanda asabwa amadorali 50 gusa.

U Rwanda rufite uruvangitirane rw’ibinyabuzima n’inyamanswa utapfa gusanga mu bindi bihugu ku buryo Umunyarwanda utarasura cyangwa ngo acume akarenge arebe hirya y’aho

atuye ibyiza bihari aba anyazwe bidasubirwaho.

Henshi muri aha hantu nyaburanga tugiye kubabwira, kuhasura nta kiguzi bisaba na gitoya

ariko usanga Abanyarwanda bahidagadurira ari mbarwa.

1. Ikiraro cyo mu bushorishori bw’ishyamba rya Nyungwe

Nyungwe ifite imisozi miremire irimo uwa Bigugu ufite uburebure bwa metero 2950. hari inyoni z’amoko 310 harimo amoko 26 asanzwe amenyerewe.

Muri iyi pariki hari urusobe rw’ibindi binyabuzima rw’ingeri zose, inyamanswa ndetse n’ibimera.

Muri iyi pariki kandi niho hubatswe ikiraro cyo mu bushorishori kizwi ku izina rya "Canopy

Walkway" nacyo kiri mu bikurura ba mukerarugendo benshi mu Rwanda.

Iyo ugiye gusura iyi parike kandi, ubasha kubona igihingwa cy’icyayi, kimwe mu bintu

bihingwa byiza bigaragaza ubwiza bw’u Rwanda.

2. Kibeho

Gusura Kibeho iri ku musozi wa Nyarushishi mu Karere ka Nyaruguru ho mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo y’u Rwanda byaba kimwe mu bitekerezo byiza byo kurushaho kumenya neza ibijyanye n’amabonekerwa yahabereye mu 1981.

Wamenya neza uko Bikiramariya yagiye aganira mu bihe binyuranye n’abakobwa batatu; Alphonsine Mumureke, Natalie Mukamazimpaka na Marie Claire Mukangango bo mu ishuri

ryisumbuye ry’ i Kibeho riyoborwa n’ababikira bo mu Muryango wa Benebikira.

Kibeho ni umujyi muto ariko watoranyijwe ku mugabane wose wa Afurika, ukaba ari wo ushyirwaho ishusho ya Yezu Nyir’Impuhwe ifite uburebure bwa metero esheshatu (6), igapima ibiro magana cyenda na mirongo itanu (950 kg), ubusanzwe igaragara kuri buri

mugabane mu yigize isi, muri Afurika ikaba iri i Kibeho.

Ni heza, hari amahoteli n’ibindi bikorwa byorohereza ba mukerarugendo kandi hagufasha kugira byinshi wiyungura n’ibyo uhindura mu kwemera kwawe urushaho kwegera Imana mu

masengesho.

Igihe cyose wahasura ariko bikaba byiza kuhajya kuwa 15 Kanama kuko ari wo munsi mukuru hizihirizwa ijyanwa mu ijuru rya Bikira Mariya hakoraniye imbaga nini y’abantu baba baturutse imihanda yose.

3. Ingoro Ndangamurage ya Nyanza- mu Rukari

Ni mu birometero 88 uvuye mu murwa mukuru wa Kigali. Ni mu Mujyi wa Nyanza, aho bakunze kwita mu Rukari; niho hari amateka y’abami, aho utambagizwa ingoro Mutara II

Rudahigwa yatuyemo kandi yubatswe mu buryo bwo hambere.

Ni ingoro ishamaje yubakishijwe ibikoresho bya Kinyarwanda nk’uko yari imeze mu kinyejana

cya 19.

Uzashimishwa no kuhasanga inka zifite amahembe maremare z’inyarwanda zizwi ku izina ry’Inyambo, kimwe mu by’ingenzi bigize umuco nyarwanda. Ni ku gasozi gaturanye na Rukari kitwa Mwima, hari umusezero w’Umwami Mutara III n’imva y’umugore we,

umwamikazi Rosalie Gicanda.

4. Ibiyaga by’impanga Burera na Ruhondo

Ni ibiyaga bihuje amateka n’inkomoko kuko byombi byavutse kubera ibirunga biri mu majyaruguru y’u Rwanda. Ibiyaga bya Burera na Ruhondo biherereye mu turere twa Burera

na Musanze.

Mu nkengero z’ibi biyaga hari amafu adasanzwe y’umuyaga n’ ubuhehera bituruka muri ibi biyaga. Iyo uhagaze kunkike z’ibi biyaga uba witegeye uruhererekane rw’ibirunga bya Muhabura, Bisoke na Gahinga . Utereye amaso hirya ya Burera, ubona imwe mu misozi yo muri Uganda mu bice bya Kisoro ukaba usuye iki gihugu wihagarariye mu misozi y’i Burera.

Aka ni agace kadasanzwe k’ubukerarugendo. Ku Munyarwanda kuhasura ntacyo bisaba uretse guhaguruka gusa.

5. Ibere rya Bigogwe

Umuntu wese unyuze ku muhanda munini uva Musanze werekeza Rubavu iyo ageze mu Murenge wa Kanzenze ahari uyu musozi muremure witwa "Ibere rya Bigogwe" atangazwa n’uko ari muremure cyane.

Uhaciye wese ahavana amakuru avuga ko abasirikare bo hambere bajyaga bahakorera imyitozo yo ku rwego rw’ubuparakomando bawuzamukaho ku migozi.

Gusa uhasuye wabiteguye nibwo warushaho kumenya amateka nyayo y’uko uyu musozi uri mu Kagari ka Nyamirango, wiswe gutya mu rwego rwo kuzirikana umukobwa witwaga

Nyirabigogwe wahabaye wari ufite amabere ateze nk’uyu musozi.

Aha wahasanga bamwe mu bakambwe bari bawuturiye kuva mu 1926, bashobora kukwibwirira imbonankubone uko uyu Nyamirango yakundaga kuharagirira inyana n’uko yaje

kuwitirirwa.

Uyu musozi w’urutare rurerure ruteye koko nk’ibere, ni kimwe mu byiza nyaburanga utembereye muri aka gace wasura ukazahorana urwo rugendo nk’urwibutso ku mutima.

6. Umusozi wa Makwaza

Umusozi wa Makwaza kwa Nyaruzi uherereye mu Karere ka Gisagara mu Murenge wa Mukindo, barasaba ko hakongera hakagirwa ahantu h’amateka kuko byari bibafitiye akamaro. Kajuga uvuga amateka yaho, avuga ko amateka yaho akwiye kwigishwa

urubyiruko kugirango atazibagirana.

Umusaza Karoli yambabariye uzwi ku izina rya Kajuga, utuye mu Murenge wa Mukindo, avuga ko yahatswe kuri uyu musozi wa makwaza mu myaka ya 1945. Asobanura amateka y’uyu musozi avuga ko ku ngoma y’umwami Ndahiro II Cyamatare mu mwaka wa 1922 ariho uyu musozi watangiye gutaramirwaho.

Avuga ko hakorerwaga imihango itandukanye irimo kubikira, no gukangura umwami ndetse n’igihe adahari iyo mihango igakorwa, hakaba abakobwa batoranyijwe baririmbaga mu

bitaramo ndetse bakaba aho banakora isuku, bakanoza ibyansi.

Uyu musaza Kajuga avuga ko kandi ibi bitahagaze igihe ingoma ya cyami yavagaho, kuko ngo imitako yari ihari ahubwo yongerewe ku butegetsi bwa Kayibanda ndetse na Habyarimana yajya kubutegetsi hakarimbishwa kurushaho. Ibi byatumaga hahora ba

mukerarugendo baturutse ahantu hatandukanye.

Ati “Kayibanda na Habyarimana baraharimbishije cyane nyuma y’igihe cy’abami ndetse hari akabari kiyakiriramo ba mukerarugendo. Hari imitako myinshi cyane iranga igihe cya kera irimo ibisaswa by’umwami, ibyansi, ibiseke ndetse hakanaturirwa imihigo”

Icyifuzo cy’uyu musaza uvuga amateka ya makwaza ngo ni uko hasubizwa agaciro ndetse hagakorwa neza hakigisha amateka abakiri bato kugirango atazibagirana burundu.

Francois Ndikumana umukozi muri Ministeri ifite umuco mu nshingano zayo, ubwo yaganiraga n’itangazamakuru mu mpera z’umwaka wa 2012 yavugaga ko akurikije amateka

yumvise kuri uyu musozi hazashyirwa mu hantu ndangamateka ariko bitaremezwa neza.

Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Gisagara nabwo buvuga ko nta cyemezo gihamye kirafatirwa uyu

musozi wa makwaza gusa ngo hazabanza hashyirwe ibikorwa remezo.

Léandre Karekezi Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Gisagara ati: “Uyu musozi wa Makwaza icyo ukeneye ni ukubanza ukegerezwa ibikorwa remezo kuko bidahari ntacyo byaba bimaze,

nyuma hakazatekerezwa icyakorwa ku mateka yaho”

Kuri ubu uyu musozi wa Makwaza ibyarangaga amateka yaho byose byarasenyutse,

ikihasigaye gusa n’inzu ya Kinyarwanda yasenyutse bivugwa ko ariyo yari ingoro y’umwami.

7. Mu “Bisenga bya Nyemana”, habaga ishuri ryigisha abakobwa kwita ku bagabo

Isenga rya Nyemana riri mu kagari ka Gihara, mu Murenge wa Runda, ho mu karere ka Kamonyi; niho abakobwa bo muri aka gace bajyaga kwigira kuboha, ndetse abakuze bagahabwa inama zo kwita ku rugo.

Aha hantu kuri ubu hasibamye kuko nta kihakorerwa, hagaragaramo imbuga zimeze nk’ibyumba, abatuye yafi aho bakaba bavuga ko ariho hari “Urubohero” rw’abakobwa. Ngo barahahuriraga bakiga kuboha imisambi n’ibyibo bakanaganira ku myitwarire izabafasha kwita ku bagabo mu gihe bazaba bashinze ingo za bo.

Kampirwa w’imyaka 55 wahakoreye ibyo mu rubohero akiri muto yiga mu mashuri abanza, avuga ko uretse kuboha imisambi n’ibyibo, abakobwa bahigiraga guca imyeyo, n’indirimbo

baririmbiraga abageni.

8. Agace gashyinguwemo abami b’u Rwanda hafi ya bose

Mu mateka y’u Rwanda abami bagiraga aho bashyingurwa; hamwe muri ho ni mu Murenge wa Rutare, akagari ka Kigabiro mu Mudugudu wa Nyakavunga hari imva ya Rwabugiri n’umugore we Kanjogera waje kuba umugabekazi ku Ngoma ya Yuhi IV Musinga nyamara

usanga nta cyakozwe ngo aho hantu hagirwe ahantu nyaburanga.

Bivugwa ko muri aka gace hashyinguye umubare munini w’abami n’abagabekazi b’u Rwanda nubwo nta bimenyetso waheraho ubyemeza uretse ibigabiro bikigaragara muri ako gace. Imva imwe igaragara yubatse neza ni iy’Umwami Kigeli IV Rwabugili nk’uko

twabibwiwe na Mukantaganda Mariya umwe mu batuye muri aka gace.

9. Pariki y’Ibirunga

Ibi birunga byirengeye mu misozi miremire itatse uturere twa Musanze na Rubavu, hamwe

mu hantu hakunda gutemberwa na ba mukerarugendo banyuranye.

Ibi birunga by’u Rwanda bihana imbibi n’ibirunga birimo ibyazimye byo muri Congo nka

Mikeno, Bisoke na Nyiragongo.

Iyi pariki irimo kandi amashyamba y’amoko menshi y’ibihingwa n’ibiti birebire bigize ubwiza n’uburanga bukurura abantu. Muri iyi parike harimo kandi n’ibiyaga birimo icya Burera n’icya

Ruhondo hamwe n’indi migezi iteye amabengeza kuyitegera uyireba.

10. Amashyuza

Amashyuza ni amazi agaragara mu nkengero z’ikiyaga cya Kivu mu Karere ka Rubavu

asohoka mu butaka ashyushye, rimwe na rimwe atogota nk’inkono imaze gufata umuriro.

Aya mazi afatwa nka bimwe mu byiza nyaburanga bitatse Akarere ka Rubavu ndetse n’abaturage bakayakoresha nk’ikinyobwa kidasanzwe kuko bemeza ko abavura indwara zinyuranye zirimo n’inzoka zo mu nda kandi ngo amashyuza abavura amavunane, rubagimpande n’izindi ndwara, akaba ari yo mpamvu usanga abantu b’ingeri zose

bayidumbaguzamo, abandi nabo bayavoma bayajyana mu rugo.

Bamwe mu babasha kuyasura usanga bayotsamo ibiribwa nk’ibijumba, imyumbati, ibitoki byashya bakabisomeza ayo mazi ashyushye.

11. Kwa Gihanga Ngomijana

Gihanga Ngomijana wategetse u Rwanda hagati y’1091-1124 hari amazi yakoreshwaga mu

kwimika abami b’u Rwanda.

U Rwanda rwagiye rutegekwa n’abami batandukanye kuva rwabaho kugeza ubwo abanyamateka babagabanyamo ibyiciro bitatu bakurikije ibihe: Abami b’ibimanuka, abami b’umushumi n’abami b’ibitekerezo.

Abami b’Ibimanuka ni abakomoka kuri Shyerezo, Abami b’umushumi ni abatazwi igihe bategekeye n’ibyabaye ku goma zabo, naho Abami b’Ibitekerezo ni Abami bazwi neza igihe

bategekeye n’ibyabaye ku ngoma zabo.

Abami b’Ibimanuka bahera kuri Shyerezo bakagera kuri Kazi. Naho Abami b’umushumi bahera kuri Gihanga cyahanze Inka n’Ingoma bakagera kuri Cyilima I Rugwe. Abami b’Ibitekerezo ari nabo ba nyuma bahera kuri Kigeli I Mukobanya bakageza ku Mwami wa

nyuma w’u Rwanda

12. Ibisi bya Huye

Ku ngoma y’umwami Ruganzu II Ndoli, Ibisi bya Huye byari bituwe na Nyagacecuru ntihari mu Rwanda, bituma uyu mwami ajya kuhabohoza akoresheje ingabo ze zitwaga Ibisumizi ari

naho Riderman yakomoye izina ‘Ibisumizi’ yitirira abafana be.

Kuva Nyagakecuru yaterwa akanicwa n’ingabo z’Ibisumizi, nta wundi muntu uratura mu bisi bya Huye gusa abafite inyota yo kumenya amateka y’aha hantu barahasura nubwo umuvuduko uri hasi cyane.

13. Ikibuga umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa yakiniragaho umupira

Iki kibuga umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa yakiniragaho umupira w’amaguru kiri mu Murenge wa Rwinkwavu mu Karere ka Kayonza. Benshi mu bagituriye bagifata nk’ameteka akomeye ndetse bake mu Banyarwanda bahazi bahata inzira ibirenge bakajya kuhasura, abazi

guconga ruhago bakahaterera umupira.

Habimana Wilson, umukozi wa kompanyi ya Wilson Tours Travel Agency, isanzwe ifasha Abanyarwanda gusura ahantunyaburanga ari nayo kompanyi twifashishije cyane mu gukusanya aha hantu, avuga ko iki kibuga gishobora kuba ahantu nyaburanga hakomeye

kiramutse gitunganyijwe neza kuko gifite amateka akomeye ku Rwanda.

Yavuze ko by’umwihariko kumva ko hari sitade umwami w’u Rwanda yakiniragaho ari ikintu gikomeye ku muntu uwo ari we wese wabyumva, avuga ko iyo sitade ishobora gukurura ba

mukerarugendo baje kureba aho umwe mu bami b’u Rwanda yacongeraga ruhago.

14. Ikibuye cya Shali

Iki kibuye giherereye mu Kagari ka Nyanza mu Murenge wa Ngera, aho bakunda kwita ku “Kibuye cya Shali” bafata nk’ahantu nyaburanga, kugirango hajye habasha kwinjiza

amafaranga.

Umusaza Kaziyabagabo avuga ko yabyirutse yumva bavuga ko ku ngoma y’umwami Ruganzu, umwami yatembereye yagera aho iki kibuye kiri akahasanga umwobo, maze ngo agafata akabuye gato cyane akakajugunya muri wa mwobo. Ako kabuye ngo niko kaje kugenda gakura kaza kuvamo ikibuye kinini, nyuma kiza no kubyara icyana cyacyo,

umusaza Kaziyabagabo agereranya n’umuzi w’icyo kibuye.

Icyakora na none, aho ibi bibuye byombi biri ni mu ishyamba ryuzuyemo andi mabuye ariko yo akaba ari mato ugereranije n’uko ibi bibuye bindi bingana.

15. Urutare rwa Kamegeri

Uru rutare ruri mu Karere ka Ruhango rufite amateka akomeye; aha niho umutware Kamegeri yatwikiwe ku ngoma y’umwami Mibambwe Sekarongoro Mutabazi nyuma y’aho asabiye iki gihano abanyabyaha.

Uru rutare kuva icyo gihe rwahise rumwitirirwa, kandi bivugwa ko kuva icyo gihe rwakomeje gutukura.

Binavugwa kandi ko uru rutare rwabagaho nta zina rugira ariko kuva aho rutwikiweho Kamegeri rwakomeje kujya rumwitirirwa mu kwibuka uko yari umutware w’umugome cyane wafataga ibyemezo bikarishye kugeza ubwo urwo yaciriye uwari wagomeye umwami ari we ruhitanye atwikirwa ku rutare.

U Rwanda rufite ahantu nyaburanga henshi Umunyarwanda yasura akihera ijisho ibyiza biri mu rw’imisozi igihumbi ariko IGIHE yabatoranyirije ahantu 15 buri wese adakwiye gucikanwa gusura. Mu nkuru yacu itaha tuzabagezaho ahandi hantu 15 naho hafite umwihariko mu

bwiza.

sabin@igihe.rw