akzeptanz und organisationale adoption von cloud computing in unterschiedlichen branchen alina...

Akzeptanz und organisationale Adoption von Cloud Computing in unterschiedlichen Branchen

Alina Keller

24.01.2012

Im Rahmen des Seminars Cloud Computing - Hype oder Wirklichkeit?

1


Technologie Adoption

Cloud Computing

Ein Adoptionsmodell für Cloud Computing

Zusammenfassung

Motivation und Ziel1

2

3

4

5

Agenda

2


Technologie Adoption

Cloud Computing

Ein Adoptionsmodell für Cloud Computing

Zusammenfassung

Motivation und Ziel1

2

3

4

5

Wichtige Cloud Eigenschaften aus Nutzersicht in verschiedenen Branchen

Definition, Merkmale und Abgrenzung3.1

3.2

Agenda

3

Akzeptanz und organisationale Adoption von Cloud Computing in unterschiedlichen Branchen4

1. Motivation und Ziel


• Starker Wettbewerb am Markt • Nachfrageveränderung• Schnellere Rechenleistung (Foster et al. 2008)

• Zunehmende Speicherplatzprobleme (Foster et al. 2008)

Kontinuierlicher Entwicklungsprozess der Information Technology (IT)

Neues IT Konzept „Cloud Computing (CC)“ (Nuseibeh 2011, Kim et al. 2009)

• Fokus der Information System (IS) Forschung

Wie und warum Endnutzer IT nutzen oder ablehnen

Hilfsmittel: Versch. Technologie Akzeptanz Modelle (z.B. TAM von Davis et al. 1989)

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1. Motivation und Ziel (1/2)


Forschungslücke:

kein speziell an CC angewendetes TAM vorhanden

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1. Motivation und Ziel (2/2)

Ziel:

Entwicklung eines CC Technologie Akzeptanz Modells

Betrachtung verschiedener Branchen: • Privater Sektor – Finanzdienstleister

• Öffentlicher Sektor – Universitäten, Regierungsinstitutionen


2. Technologie Adoption


WichtigeAkzeptanzmodelle

in der Literatur

Expectancy Value Theorey(Fishbein & Ajzen 1975)

Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) (Fishbein & Ajzen 1975)

Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) (Davis et al. 1989)

The Integrated Research Model (Wixom/Todd 2005)

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2. Technologie Adoption – Modellübersicht


2. Technologie Adoption – Das TAM von Davis et al. 1989

Quelle: Davis et al. 1989, S. 985

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2. Technologie Adoption – Das integrierte Model von Wixom/Todd 2005

Quelle: Wixom/Todd 2005, S. 90

Forschungsstrang: Technologie Akzeptanz

Forschungsstrang: User Zufriedenheit

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3. Cloud Computing


Eine Definition des National Institute of Standards and Technology:

“[…] a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access […]

shared pool of configurable computing resources […] provisioned and released

with minimal management effort […]” (Mell/Grance 2009, p. 2)

Merkmale:

• Virtualisierung Hohe Flexibilität/Elastizität (Foster et al. 2008)

• Datenzugriff von überall und jederzeit (Buyya et al. 2008, Iyer/Henderson 2010)

• Bedarfsgerechte Ressourcenbereitstellung (On demand) (Buyya et al. 2008,

Iyer/Henderson 2010)

3.1 Cloud Computing – Definition und Merkmale

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3.1 Cloud Computing – Abgrenzung zu Grid Computing

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Grid Computing

Utility Computing

Cloud Computing

• Aggregierte Rechner- Netzwerk-, Speicherplatzressourcen multipler Organisationen

• Geografische Ressourcendistribution• Ressourcen Nutzung innerhalb der

Entität• „Queuing/scheduling system“

Quelle: Foster et al. 2008

• Zentralisierte Ressourcenbereitstellung

• Ressourcenkonsum mehrerer Nutzer gleichzeitig

Quelle: Mell/Grance 2009, Foster et al. 2008

kommerzielle Grid dritter Partei

KOSTENREDUKTION, MEHR FLEXIBILITÄT UND VERLÄSSLICHKEIT (Foster et al.2008)

Quelle: Abbildung in Anlehnung an Marinos/Briscoe 2009


System Simplicit

yBégin 2008

Flexibility

Nuseibeh 2011

System Reliabilit

yArmbrust et

al. 2010, Buyya et al

2008

Access-ibility

Vouk 2004

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TrainingKoehler et al. 2010, Kim 2009

IndependencyArmbrust et al. 2010, Leavitt 2009

System /Data SecurityVouk 2004, Armbrust

et al. 2010, Baun 2010

System PerformanceHosting 2009

Customer SupportKim 2009, Koehler et al. 2010

Pricing Model2010, Leavitt 2009

Nutzer-

anforderungen

3.2 Wichtige Cloud Eigenschaften aus Nutzersicht in verschiedenen Branchen


System Simplicit

y

Flexibility

Benton/Negm 2010

System Reliabilit

yIBM 2010

Access-ibilityBenton/

Negm 2010

15

Training

IndependencySystem /Data SecurityIBM 2010 Benton/Negm

2010

System PerformanceIBM 2010

Customer Support

Pricing Model

Nutzer-

anforderungen

Finanzdienstleister Regierungsinstitutionen/Universitäten



System Simplicit

yBégin 2008

Flexibility

Nuseibeh 2011

System Reliabilit

yArmbrust et

al. 2010, Buyya et al

2008

Access-ibility

Vouk 2004

16


IndependencyArmbrust et al. 2010, Leavitt 2009

System /Data SecurityVouk 2004, Armbrust

et al. 2010, Baun 2010

System PerformanceHosting 2009

Customer SupportKim 2009, Koehler et al. 2010

Pricing Model2010, Leavitt 2009

Nutzer-

anforderungen

System Qualität Service Qualität

TrainingKoehler et al. 2009, Kim 2009


4. Ein Adoptionsmodell für Cloud Computing


Service Satisfaction Usefulness

System Quality Ease of use

Attitude

Intention

System Satisfaction

System Reliability

Flexibility

Accessibility

Timeliness

System Simplicity

Interoperability

System Performance

System Security

Customer Support

Independency

Pricing Model

TrainingServiceQuality

Behavioral Beliefs

Object-based Attitudes

Object-based Beliefs

Behavioral Attitude


Quelle: Eigene Darstellung in Anlehnung an Wixom/Todd 2005



Hypothese 2 :

Positive Korrelation zwischen „System Satisfaction“ und „Ease of Use“

Hypothese 1 :

Positive Korrelation zwischen „Service Satisfaction“ und „Perceived Usefulness“


5. Zusammenfassung


• Erwartung einer zunehmenden Verbreitung von CC steigt (Armbrust 2009)

• Manager und Provider sollten Fokus auf User Anforderungen legen (Koehler et al. 2010,

Davis et al. 1989) Praxisbeitrag

• Einflussnahme auf Adoption von CC

• Bewältigung des allgegenwärtigen Problems der IT und Systemablehnung im

Unternehmen

• Adoptionsmodell für CC Forschungsbeitrag

• Beeinflussen Service und System Zufriedenheit die CC Nutzung tatsächlich? Weiter empirische Forschung notwendig

• Organisationale und Umwelt Faktoren nicht zu vernachlässigen (Christopher 1996)

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5 Zusammenfassung


Literaturverzeichnis


Literaturverzeichnis 1/4

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ARMBRUST, M. ET AL. (2009): Above the Clouds: A Berkeley View of Cloud Computting, Technical report EECS-2009-28, UC Berkeley,

http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2009/EECS-2009-28.html, 02.11.2011.

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BÉGIN , M. (2008): An EGEE Comparative Study: Grids and Clouds - Evolution or Revolution, Information Society and Media, https://edms.cern.ch/document/925013/,

22.11.2011.

BENTON/NEGM (2010): Banking on the Cloud, Accenture (Editor) http://www.slideshare.net/kimrenejensen/accenture-banking-cloudcomputing, 13.12.2011.

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DAVIS, F.D. (1989): Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology ,in: MIS quarterly, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 319–340.

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systems, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 9–30.

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FISHBEIN, M./AJZEN, I. (1975): Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behaviour: An Introduction to Theory and Research, London.

FOSTER , I. (2008): Cloud Computing and Grid Computing 360-Degree Compared, in: Grid Computing Environments Workshop, 2008, pp. 1–10.

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http://www.05.ibm.com/cz/businesstalks/pdf/WP_Dispelling_the_vapor_around_cloud_computing_in_the_financial_services.pdf, 13.12.2011.

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Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 117–131.

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and post-adoption beliefs, in: MIS Quarterly, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 183–213.

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Information systems research. Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 175–193.

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Mobile Computing and Multimedia.

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Information Systems, Vol. 12, No. 50, pp. 752–780.

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No. 1, pp. 85–102.

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Fragen und Diskussion

27

TAM

Integriertes Modell Wixom/Todd 2005

CloudGrid

Konstrukte

PraxisrelevanzNutzer-anforderungen

???


Back-up


Backup: Private, Öffentliche und Hybride Cloud (NIST Definition)

1.Private Cloud:

- Betrieb für eine Organisation

- Management durch Organisation oder Drittanbieter

1.Öffentliche Cloud:

- Verfügbarkeit für Öffentlichkeit oder große Industriegruppen

- Betrieb durch kommerzielle Gesellschaft

1.Hybride Cloud:

- Kombination von mehreren Clouds (private, öffentliche)

- Kombination des traditionellen Rechenzentrums (Private Cloud) mit den skalierbaren

Cloud Diensten einer öffentlichen Cloud.

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Cloud ServicesCloud InfrastructureApplication

Platform

Unified Resource

Fabric

Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)

Software

Infrastructure

Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)

Back-up: Cloud Struktur, Funktion und Services

Quelle: Stanoevska-Slabeva , 2010

User

End-User

DeveloperVendor

User Einteilung nach Marinos/Briscoe 2005


Back up: Vorgehensweise

Literaturanalysewichtiger Nutzeranforderungen

Allgemeine Anforderungen

Anforderungen im öffentlichen

und privaten Sektor

Bestimmung der Konstrukte

MIS Q und IR Research Paper

CCAdoptionsmodell

akzeptanz und organisationale adoption von cloud computing in unterschiedlichen branchen alina...

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