all that maths and frontier in biostatistics
DESCRIPTION
All that Maths and Frontier in Biostatistics. David Bin Shiun Wu 吳秉勳 , PhD Candidate Division of Biostatistics, Graduate Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan March 4, 2009. My Biography. Bachelors in mathematics and English ( 雙主修 ), 東吳大學 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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All that Maths All that Maths and and
Frontier in BiostatisticsFrontier in Biostatistics
David Bin Shiun Wu 吳秉勳 , PhD CandidateDivision of Biostatistics, Graduate Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanMarch 4, 2009
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My Biography
• Bachelors in mathematics and English ( 雙主修 ), 東吳大學
• Master in statistics, 政治大學 統計研究所
• PhD candidate in biostatistics, 陽明大學 醫學院 公共衛生研究所 生物統計組
• Statistical consultant, 統計諮詢師 林口長庚醫院 臨床研究統計中心
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About MeAbout Me
Resource Center for Clinical Research
(RCCR)
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中華民國管理科學會 30周年慶
首場系列經濟發展座談會 田蔚城(明生生物科技董事長) :
– 人生的目的不外乎 生得好, 老得慢, 病得輕, 死得安。• 生技產業在生、老、病、死都可以幫上忙, 協助實現人生目的。
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What Do Biostatisticians Do in
Biomedical Research?
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Biomedical Research生物醫學研究Basic Science Research 基礎醫學研究
Lab Studies, Animal Studies
Clinical Medicine Research 臨床醫學研究Disease Studies, Experimental Studies,Interventional Studies
Clinical Trials Studies 臨床試驗研究Drug Studies, Phase I, II, III, IV
Other Related StudiesPublic Health, Health Psychology,Behavior
Science, Health Economics, Bioethics, etc.
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國立陽明大學 公共衛生研究所 國立陽明大學 公共衛生研究所 Institute of Public Health,Institute of Public Health, NationalNational Yang-MingYang-Ming UniversityUniversity
度年98
姓名 學位 專長周碧瑟 杜蘭大學公共衛生博士 流行病學、社區醫學、預防醫學、身心健康促進 陳震寰 國立陽明大學醫學院醫學系 心臟超音波、血流動力學、心臟血管流行病學黃嵩立 哈佛大學環境衛生博士 國際衛生、空氣污染與肺部疾病 周穎政 哈佛大學衛生政策博士 衛生政策、醫療經濟傅瓊瑤 南卡羅萊納大學生物統計學博士 生物醫學及公衛領域的應用統計楊秀儀 史丹福大學法學博士 醫療法律、生命倫理 雷文玫 耶魯大學法學博士 生殖科技法律與倫理、基因醫療法律與倫理林明薇 倫敦大學精神醫學研究所精神遺傳學博士 遺傳流行病學、精神遺傳學、生物統計學林逸芬 哥倫比亞大學公共衛生 ( 生物統計 ) 博士 流行病學統計方法、長期追蹤資料分析邱淑媞 臺灣大學流行病學博士 預防醫學、慢性病防治、衛生政策姓名 學位 專長陳宜民 哈佛大學公共衛生博士 癌生物學、病毒學、分子流行病學王錦鈿 奧瑞岡醫學中心微生物及免疫學博士 愛滋病病毒學范盛娟 愛荷華大學生物統計學博士 遺傳統計、遺傳流行病學黃景祥 哈佛大學統計學博士 貝氏統計推論、環境統計簡莉盈 約翰霍普金斯大學公共衛生 ( 心理衛生 ) 博士 婦幼衛生、 健康促進鄧宗業 哈佛公共衛生學院衛生政策博士 衛生政策制定、醫療專業黃心苑 約翰霍普金斯大學衛生政策博士 衛生政策、醫療品質 詹宇鈞 約翰霍浦金斯大學醫學院藥理及分子醫學博士 內科學、分子生物學、分子病毒學、感染症季麟揚 劍橋大學社區醫學博士 生活品質研究、口腔健康促進、衛生計畫評價楊振昌 哈佛大學公共衛生學院公共衛生 ( 流行病學 ) 博士 藥物流行病學、臨床毒物學、環境暨職業醫學郭文華 麻省理工學院科技與社會博士 東亞醫學史、醫療與社會
※招生規定及內容以本校招生簡章為準 : http://www.ym.edu.tw/adm/ 公衛所網站: http://sm.ym.edu.tw/index/
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What is BioStatistics?
Science
Statistics Applied to Biomedical Data
Method
Technique
Strategy
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What is BioStatistics?
MathematicsMedicine
Statistics
BiostatisticsBiostatistics
Collaborative ScienceCollaborative Science
BasicClinical
others
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Physiology of Research
Truth in theUniverse
Truth in theStudy
Findingsin the Studyinferenceinference
InternalValidity內部效度
ExternalValidity外部效度
Investigator’s View:
Hulley & Cummings: Designing Clinical Research
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Collaborating Team Work
Principal InvestigatorBiostatisticianLab ScientistResearch NurseData Programmeretc.
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0 5 8 12 15
Years
Research and
Discovery
Preparation of initial clinical plan. Selection
of clinical study locations
PHASE I
Human trials with
healthy volunteers to test
tolerability
PHASE II
Trials to determine
dose ranging,
safety and efficacy
Early Developme
nt
Full Developme
nt
Pre-Market Activity
PHASE III
Large scale trials to determine definitive safety and efficacy in
patients
Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT)
隨機化臨床試驗
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EFFICACY 療效
EFFECTIVENESS 效果
RCTs
“Outcomes 結果” studies
Can you assume that RCT results will be reflected in actual practice?
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Effectiveness (Effectiveness ( 效果效果 ))
Efficacy Effectiveness Efficiency
Can it work inclinical practice?(proven in RCTs
ideal conditions)
Does it work in real life?
Does it contribute to a more efficient
use of resources?
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PharmacoEconomicsPharmacoEconomics (PE)(PE)藥物經濟學藥物經濟學
“ A comparative analysis of alternative courses of action in terms of both their costs and effectiveness. ”
Drummond et al., Oxford University Press, 1987:8.
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Pharmacoeconomics (PE)
Quality Safety Efficacy
The 4th Hurdle( 門檻 ): PharmacoEconomicsPharmacoEconomics
Wait S. Cambridge University Seminars, 2002
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Cost-Effectiveness Ratio
Life-year Gained
Payer’s Perspective( 健保給付者觀點 )Hospital costsPhysician costs
Lab costsMedical costs
Societal Perspective( 社會觀點 )
Hospital costsPhysician costs
Lab costsMedical costs
Indirect (Opportunity) costs
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CUA ratio denominatorCUA ratio denominator
Morbidity
Mortality
Quality-adjusted Life Year (QaLY)
Gained
Healthy
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"Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that can be counted counts."
Humanistic (“Intangible”) Outcomes
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Some Projects I’ve Worked(-ing) On• 美商惠氏藥廠 產學合作計畫
• ISPOR 3rd Asia-Pacific Conference, Seoul, South Korea, 7-9 September, 2008
七價肺炎鏈球菌疫苗 (PCV7)
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Some Projects I’ve Worked(-ing) On• Decision analytic model
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• Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER)• Or termed as Cost per Life-Year Gained (CLYG)
Incremental costs by the vaccination
Incremental life years gained by the vaccination
ICER=ΔC /ΔE = Costvac – Costunvac / Effectivenessvac – Effectivenessunvac
Some Projects I’ve Worked(-ing) On
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Some Projects I’ve Worked(-ing) On
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Some Projects I’ve Worked(-ing) On• 國科會計畫 ( 三年期 )
• ISPOR 11th Annual European Congress, Athens, Greece, 8-11 November, 2008
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Some Projects I’ve Worked(-ing) On
• When “Math” meets “Biostatsitics” !
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Example of Epidemic with No herd effect
Herd Effect ( 集群免疫 )
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Example of Epidemic with herd effect
Herd Effect ( 集群免疫 )
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Some Projects I’ve Worked(-ing) On• ISPOR 14th Annual International Meeting, Orlando, FL, 16-20 May, 2009
• Optimization of vaccination strategy with limited doses
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Some Projects I’ve Worked(-ing) On• Grant by Center for Disease Control (CDC, 行政院疾病管制局 )
• Cost-effectiveness of PPV23 (PPV23, 23 價肺炎鏈球菌疫苗 )
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What are your advantages?What are your advantages?
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Your Advantages 優勢….As a mathematics-major student….
• 邏輯分析訓練
• 學科的整合運用
• 思考路徑訓練,有助於化繁為簡
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Some Advices
• 將抽象的概念具體化 (Picture)
• 多聽 Seminar( 聽不懂沒關係 )
• 培養直覺的觀點 ( 尋找有趣的例子 ) - 好的題目需要好的眼光 ( 感性 ) - 好的研究能力是理性 ( 大學四年基礎 )
• 小組討論
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How to Become a (Bio) statistician?It’s a long road...
• Bachelors Degree (B.S.) in Mathematics– Or other mathematics-intense discipline like engineering,
economics, physics, etc.– Rigid logic training
• Masters Degree (M.S.) in Statistics/Biostatistics– 2+ years beyond B.S.– Work involves mostly programming under the direction of a
Ph.D.-level statistician; not too exciting; but money is good!
• Doctoral Degree (Ph.D.) in Statistics/Biostatistics – 4+ years beyond M.S.– Work is varied; involves real discovery at the frontiers of
science; typically fascinating!
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在此之前要提醒各位:在此之前要提醒各位:
• 往往最重大的決定是最不經意之間作出的。
• 換句話說:我們花了很多的時間去考慮一些雞毛蒜皮的事情,而真正需要花時間思考的時候,我們往往很輕率。
• 轉專業涉及到你的人生規劃,涉及到今後的發展,我們必須仔細思考。
• 切忌隨波逐流。
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我所基於的四點理由:我所基於的四點理由:
生涯規劃2
個性特徵4
學科興趣31
多元智能33
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So, Do You Want to be So, Do You Want to be a (Bios) statistician?a (Bios) statistician?
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Backup slidesBackup slides
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九十七學年度九十七學年度統計類研究所入學考試科目統計類研究所入學考試科目
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學校 系所 筆試科目
台灣大學 流行病學
●生統組 1.生物醫學統計學( B )(佔筆試總分 60%) 2.專業英文( I ):生物醫學統計專業英語 (佔筆試總分 40%) 3. 統計數學 ( 含基礎微積分及矩陣代數 ) 、 生物醫學研究法 ( 含生物醫學相關之實 驗設計及類實驗設計方法 )(二科擇一 )註:生物醫學統計學 (B)原始成績總分未達 50分者,不予錄取。筆試科目第三科 ( 統計數學或生物醫學研究法 ) 成績不計入考試總分計算,惟成績未達 30分者,不予錄取●流行病學組 1.流行病學 ( 佔筆試總分 30%) 2.生物醫學統計學( A ) ( 佔筆試總分 25%) 3.英文( A ) ( 佔筆試總分 25%) 4.微生物學 (B)、生物化學 ( 一般生物化學 ) 、生理學、精神 病理學、微積分(五科擇一) ( 佔筆試總分 20%)
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學校 系所 筆試科目
政治大學 統計學
1.國文2.英文3.統計學4. 數理統計學5.統計方法
台北大學 統計學 1.基礎數學(微積分、線性代數)2.統計學3.機率論
輔仁大學 應用統計
1.專業科目:統計學(佔 40%)2.選考一:(二選一,佔 25%) 計算機概論、微積分3.選考二:(二選一,佔 25%) 迴歸分析、經濟學4.語文能力:(佔 10%)
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學校 系所 筆試科目
中央大學 統計 1.基礎數學(微積分、線性代數) 2. 數理統計
清華大學 統計學1.基礎數學 (微積分、線性代數 ) 2. 機率論 3.統計學
交通大學 統計學1.微積分與線性代數 2. 機率論 3.統計學
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學校 系所 筆試科目
逢甲大學 統計與精算
●統計組: 1.微積分 2.統計學 A (含數理統計學) ●精算組: 1.微積分 2.統計學 A (含數理統計學)●計量財務組: 1.微積分 2.統計學 A (含數理統計學)
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學校 系所 筆試科目
東海大學 統計學
英文●甲組: 1. 線性代數與微積分 B
2.統計學 F 3.英文 B●乙組: 1.微積分 B 2.統計學方法 3.英文 B
●丙組: 1. 商用微積分 2.統計學方法 C
3.口試
中正大學 統計科學 1. 機率與統計 2.基礎數學 ( 微積分與線性代數 )
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學校 系所 筆試科目
成功大學 統計學1.統計學 ( 含迴歸及實驗設計 )(加重 50%)2. 機率論 ( 含數理統計 ) 3. 數學 ( 含線性代數、微積分 )
高雄大學 統計學1.基礎數學 ( 含微積分及線性代數 )2. 數理統計 3. 機率論
中山大學應用數學甲組
1.基礎數學 ( 含微積分、線性代數、高等微積分 )2. 數理統計 3. 機率論
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留學英國留學英國 - - 英國研究所的特色英國研究所的特色
MasterMasterss Degree Degree 碩士學位課程碩士學位課程碩士學位 碩士學位 (Taught Master’s (Taught Master’s 授課式授課式 ) ) 皆可於皆可於 1 1 年內年內修業完成修業完成 (MA, (MA, MBAMBA,, MSc, MSc, MEdMEd,, LLM LLM) :) : 1 year (3 terms)1 year (3 terms)
Doctorate Doctorate 博士學位課程博士學位課程 Traditional PhD Traditional PhD 傳統博士課程 傳統博士課程 : 3 years minimum: 3 years minimum
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2009 春季英國教育展
台北 - 世貿一館 3 月 7 日 ( 六 ) 1300 ~ 18003 月 8 日 ( 日 ) 1300 ~1800
主辦單位 : 英國文化協會
更多資訊請瀏覽 www.britishcouncil.org.tw
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Why Study?The more you study, the more you learn. The more you learn the more you know. The more you know the more you forget. The more you forget the less you know. Why STUDY?